2007MCM-C题部分翻译
<p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">C </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">器官移植：肾脏交易问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">器官移植网：随着持续大幅医药卫生科技的进步</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">器官移植的需求已经大幅超出了捐赠的数量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">为了改善这种情况下</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">美国国会在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">1984</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">年通过了国家器官移植法，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";"></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">建立了采购和器官移植网</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">(OPTN)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">，以便配合将器官捐赠给需要的病人</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">即使这一切组织和技术服务到位</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">在美国仍有近</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">94,000</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">等待器官移植的人，而且这个数字预计很快将超过十万</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">在某些地区，平均等待时间超过了</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">年翻番</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">例如一些大城市</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">移植器官的来源</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">有些来自死尸，有些来自活体的捐赠</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">为了</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">有效地利用现有的尸体，需要通过网络进行良好的合作和沟通</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">好消息是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">随着系统的运行，越来越多的捐赠者</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">活着和已故</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">被注册，每月都有器官移植发生</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">坏消息是</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">候选人名单越来越冗长</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">有人认为，现行的系统对应于区域和国家两个方面将走向崩溃，对于一些急需的患者最终的结果也只能是失败</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">另外</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">根本的问题仍然存在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">: </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">这一网络可以改善吗？如何提高一个像</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">OPTN</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">的复杂网络的效率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">不同的国家有不同的政策和程序</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">那一个是最好的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">现行系统的未来运行状况会怎样</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? <p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">1:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">首先经过</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">OPTN</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">网站参考</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(http://www.optn.org)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">政策说明和数据库</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(http://www.optn.org/data</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><a href="http://www.optn.org/latestdata/viewdatareports.asp">http://www.optn.org/latestdata/viewdatareports.asp</a>).</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">为美国通用器官移植网建立一个数学模型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">这个模式必须能够揭示如下的问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">高效器官匹配的潜在瓶颈在哪里</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">如果有更多的资源可以用于提高捐赠配对过程的效率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">用在什么地方</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">怎么用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">将</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">这个网络的功能分成更小的网络</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">例如在州这一级</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">是否会更好</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">?</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">最后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">通过延长和挽救更多的生命，你能使该系统更有效吗</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">若有</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">完成政策修改建议</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">并且修改你的模型，以反映这些改进</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">2:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">探讨器官移植政策在美国以外国家的使用</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">修改你在任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">中的模型，判断美国的政策在其他国家实行是否需要改进</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">作为一个分析小组</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"> (</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">公共卫生问题和网络科学</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">的专家，应聘于国会来研究这些问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">给国会写一份一页的报告，阐述在任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">1</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">中提出的问题和解决方案，以及相关的信息和你在对不同国家的政策研究中发现的可行的改进策略。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">#</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">由于时间关系省略一部分</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">3:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">制订一个程序，最大化交易的数量和质量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">充分考虑到生理和心理动态情况</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">分析在什么情况下程序将达到最高</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">估计每年程序所产生的移植数量</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">以及最终对等待列表的影响</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">4:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">制定一个策略</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">决定是一个病人是否该采用被提供的肾脏，或者参加一个肾交换</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">在分析中要考虑风险</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">可选择性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">概率等</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">.<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">5:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">根据你的分析</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">对于标准和政策你有什么建议</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">讨论一下你在</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">3</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">和</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">4)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">中推荐的交易过程和病人策略的道德层面</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">.</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">排序你的优先安置准则</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">并讨论其合理性</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">对于允许人们卖器官用于移植，你是怎样考虑的</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New";">写一份论文给美国健康资源与服务管理委员会的负责人，提出你的建议</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New";">.</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">
<p></p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="left" style="MARGIN: 0.75pt 0cm 24pt; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan;"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">任务</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">6:</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">从潜在捐赠者的角度来看</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">志愿服务涉及的风险包括：接收者的成功概率，捐赠者的生存概率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">捐赠者未来健康问题的概率，未来的健康风险概率</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">如剩余的肾脏衰竭</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">) </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">以及术后疼痛和恢复</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">那么</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">这些风险和其他问题怎样影响捐赠者的决定</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">如何理解风险和个人问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">(</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">仇视心理、理性的恐慌</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">错误信息</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">过去的手术体验</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">利他责任与信任度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">)</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">对于捐赠决定的影响</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">如果进入配对网络</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">而不是直接移植给亲属或朋友</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">, </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">请问多部网络的尺度</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">n</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">是否对潜在捐赠者的决定产生影响</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">你如何改进模型</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">来反映这些问题</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">? </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">最后</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">,</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-bidi-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">对于如何发展和吸收更多的利他捐赠者提一些建议</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: "Courier New"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">. <p></p></span></p> 非常非常感谢! 非常非常感谢! 谢谢~~
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