idleness 发表于 2008-5-9 14:03

200805网友练习《校车优化配置》

本帖最后由 为你奋斗 于 2009-12-3 13:38 编辑

<P class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-ALIGN: center;"><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 18pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>校车优化配置</SPAN></B><B style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 18pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN></B><P></P><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P><FONT face="Times New Roman">
                                </FONT></P></SPAN><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>目前很多学校都有相距比较远的两个校区，通常配置校车解决两校区之间的交通。比如我校有三条行车路线，第一条长</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">45</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公里，平均行车时间</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">38~42</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>分钟，不易堵车；第二条长</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公里，非高峰期行车时间平均</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>分钟，但交通高峰期行车时间</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">50~90</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>分钟；第三条穿过市区的线路长</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>公里，极易堵车，可以接送沿途居住的教师。</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN><P></P><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>当日有课教师必须保证提前</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">15</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>分钟到达教室，做教学准备。其余教职工上班前</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>分钟到达办公地点即可。学校共有教职员工</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1500</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>，大约有</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">30%</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>的教师在每天的</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1~5</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>大节可能有课。规定教职工上车即已上班，返回后的下车时间即下班时间。</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>希望能保证全体教职工准时上班，并使交通总成本尽可能减少且总上班时间尽量短。请采集合理数据，如上课时间、课程安排等，建立你自己的数学模型，用来解决以下问题：</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN><P></P><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>问题</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>：校车全部为</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>座大型车，需购置多少辆车，并给出校车运行方案。</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>问题</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>：因为排课所致，每个时段乘车人数不尽相同，学校会根据人数灵活排车。学校准备购置三种不同的车型，大型车</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">40</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>座，中型车</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>座，小型车</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">6</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>座。各需购多少辆车？并给出校车运行方案</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN><P></P><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>问题</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>：又若可以租车运送教职工上班，五年内，怎么配置校车，使总成本最小？</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P></P></SPAN><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>问题</SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"><FONT face="Times New Roman">4</FONT></SPAN><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'>：如果允许学生搭乘校车，学校应该如何配置校车？</SPAN></P><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'></SPAN></P><P class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 21pt;"><SPAN style='FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman";'></SPAN><SPAN lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt;"></P><P>这属于哪种类型题目，要用到哪些知识。大家给个思路吧</P></SPAN><P></P>

xiaoguo 发表于 2009-9-7 13:06

没思路~~~对不起

lrh116 发表于 2009-9-8 15:40

我也没没思路~~~对不起

lengyongling 发表于 2009-9-9 18:50

感觉问题阐述的不是很清楚.....“上车就是上班"，"上班到办公地点”？？

二手内裤 发表于 2009-9-9 22:13

我也没没思路~~~对不起

liu_yls 发表于 2009-9-9 22:44

总体说来，应该属于优化问题
看看运筹学

ssh0334 发表于 2009-12-2 20:30

是运筹学里的没错，不过比我看的这本书的题目复杂些

yinfeiyangfang 发表于 2010-1-12 22:50

回复 1# idleness


    校车优化配置（本文来自于数学中国社区，网址为http://www.madio.net/mcm）
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