OLS 发表于 2009-2-2 22:25

Group

Group
A group is defined as a finite or infinite set of Operands
(called ``elements'') , , , ... that may be combined or ``multiplied'' via a Binary Operator
to form well-defined products and which furthermore satisfy the following conditions:
1. Closure: If and are two elements in , then the product is also in .
2. Associativity: The defined multiplication is associative, i.e., for all , .
3. Identity: There is an Identity Element
(a.k.a. , , or ) such that for every element .
4. Inverse: There must be an inverse or reciprocal of each element. Therefore, the set must contain an element such that for each element of .
A group is therefore a Monoid
for which every element is invertible. A group must contain at least one element.

The study of groups is known as Group Theory
. If there are a finite number of elements, the group is called a Finite Group
and the number of elements is called the Order
of the group.

Since each element , , , ..., , and is a member of the group, group property 1 requires that the product

(1)



must also be a member. Now apply to ,


(2)



But





(3)
so

(4)



which means that

(5)



and

(6)





OLS 发表于 2009-2-2 22:29

这个帖子乱。
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