: L8 m6 S! O8 Q9 p- y) S4、Python代码6 z4 o' o0 Z7 R, n5 H' H! O
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 2 @4 u* Z+ l1 @! ~+ [( J4 @) P; G& Y* u5 S
import random , x" x% l2 K) e4 }% {2 Bimport math 0 F9 A7 ~( l# z* |: d8 Dfrom operator import itemgetter % Q/ V( H1 x* H& l/ L: [' s' c0 {$ J 2 J/ f7 w% I8 L. @, \7 yclass Gene: , T( E- A1 d- Q- M: p; l5 C ''' ) j$ d% a6 c/ R& m% k: C This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom % W0 P* `3 w. d each object of this class have two attribute: data, size, e* E* [, b# ]2 r
'''7 C6 q9 { ] V
def __init__(self,**data):. Q( L/ K x& n3 K0 W$ `
self.__dict__.update(data) + Q; _, I+ E( d. w8 P: J self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene+ S$ w; E0 V2 p' M
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+ e! t) b0 M3 \7 x) X7 z. m yclass GA: 4 ~4 x& E& z$ }1 }# P '''2 F3 [' f9 h5 h4 _
This is a class of GA algorithm. $ R3 h3 ]: e4 e2 E4 ~8 }) G8 D- e
''' ; T4 W2 _# @/ U) n6 u def __init__(self,parameter):6 ~/ Z- [/ w& i; U
''' # \; D5 U: X% C# L Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value .( F' D" q+ p5 n
The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that:% ]- L5 ]5 |, ~$ {( q0 A. X& p
8 g+ J' e9 h" ]# ]& V5 q {'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)}9 t% A' D7 i3 p3 p, x- H) C ^, T
Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2] 3 e% b- d% t+ c& D P " S% X1 z _# [ '''4 B$ W8 S( U# K* [% ~$ o, A
#parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up] * w4 s2 D3 Y0 O( T( I5 m( G; s self.parameter = parameter) r! a4 q0 M: X: J, `9 T
" y& R5 n4 I+ S; I low = self.parameter[4]2 t6 P3 F3 |$ T. z+ p1 q
up = self.parameter[5]. [' b& B. R2 o% y& u+ S2 S: C I3 c
& ~" f5 e- Z6 i8 t2 p) o( b7 d9 Q self.bound = [] 2 s5 w& q# J$ y: }5 V; x7 a self.bound.append(low) - K: k* _8 Q) Q8 o. S# I8 S self.bound.append(up) , v( y$ J3 o7 a! Z( b! z" R6 Y' I ?0 v
pop = [] 9 O/ T3 Y- W" \9 j, V5 Y/ z) p for i in range(self.parameter[3]):" Q, w+ G. N& @
geneinfo = []3 L- O7 M' I" s# j% S {
for pos in range(len(low)): - R: \' t) ^2 I5 z3 l' Q geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation2 ]% K! ^4 {# E
. `+ l1 f7 S* C0 w% e fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome # U! N: h: v7 v7 _2 x) F, f- c pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness9 }8 M$ P7 x1 F% S2 o0 E% K: ?
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self.pop = pop% h+ ?) U7 h9 P* ~! A7 i( l0 Z
self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population ! y" [' o: m1 n m% O; O, R* _$ S7 L4 y2 x" N def selectBest(self, pop):: e% F+ \6 k/ o- S: a: W) i$ _
''' $ t% u) y& w6 |% j7 L select the best individual from pop( Y4 g% h% @! Y. u7 H) ^
''' ' U/ j5 A& E! w& w s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False) * {/ {4 v) T! }0 Q- ^% x return s_inds[0]' I( d" l) R: l1 ~" z1 j
5 ?# d) N' w' O m" r6 M def selection(self, individuals, k):- a6 x* {% m }0 }
'''/ u( j" v+ A7 P a
select two individuals from pop% p7 N' h$ y( o0 u) K& Q% Y8 p: i
'''0 Z% j, F; D, w; T( ~" a' N
s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness 5 X; p$ R1 g2 m) c' ^( T sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop7 P M0 w0 C! @6 X6 S9 i
' p- u! o/ W v% C chosen = []& Q+ q; `6 t6 G* N- g
for i in xrange(k): ' Z5 a3 g C( I, ^: ~" H u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits]2 K) a* a( [3 H
sum_ = 09 v# r8 r, t, ?8 g
for ind in s_inds: K0 i0 o8 l% B! X9 f# A/ U: A$ p- x9 D h
sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness* B8 X/ A, _ |6 a9 v4 O% v4 t
if sum_ > u: / R! s- S4 Y, k9 w% H #when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop6 e% {/ U/ ^0 B- z2 O8 P
chosen.append(ind)5 u$ m" i& ]8 k7 n! G
break s- P* D) O* M- k% s+ y* L7 o
% d4 ]4 b' ^0 N$ j5 z# O return chosen ! h# ]' R! U, G: f; B, d7 M5 v/ \1 z" Z# Q9 w" V2 t
K0 k# u" Q. |( E' Q" C U def crossoperate(self, offspring):. o4 K9 ?/ x5 u/ i9 O; V
''' . d' ?6 T6 u4 |% W S/ a- {. G cross operation 6 F2 K7 c+ P: P- q '''( n2 ^$ B/ D8 K$ s3 c
dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data)7 I5 z# Z/ K5 B5 R2 e" ?$ ~
$ B& ?/ T! B/ t7 W( Q geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop : i! k2 y2 Y( E, |/ E/ r; Z; [1 b geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop+ Z3 `7 X3 D i; w' M
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pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, ; I& d. ^% f$ D( G3 C9 n pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim)1 [, }6 h1 O: {, ?1 Y
3 y+ Z* t; ]7 Y% b/ q& v( c9 _, n9 w9 y newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation, p5 `3 o9 J* [" |% k. V
temp = [] $ ~. }$ B6 \4 n X u+ r# p for i in range(dim): - u$ q5 J% {8 S& D7 t- y. l5 K if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)):9 @3 Z' B# i; F' `! z# p
temp.append(geninfo2)& p8 _3 U$ j2 p9 M( p3 X3 X
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] 6 U* M) a3 q" z else:8 U! Z5 u8 \; {" E
temp.append(geninfo1): R+ i3 v8 C$ V& U2 \
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] 7 ?/ |' [9 ^7 _, @ newoff.data = temp + m9 ~: U$ b4 h; _4 b" y6 a' V- u& U$ j" d Y. x+ x
return newoff! l% n0 p/ G4 V1 ]( a; n+ L' T& p
! l+ A3 b* {6 }. I0 k! h" q ]: r3 o" J; Y, a1 k. ?/ X def mutation(self, crossoff, bound): # M( p1 X; Q3 H2 y0 Q% y7 ~$ K7 \ '''9 K. u, z9 l# @1 c
mutation operation' \+ X( O0 B8 [4 H- k
''' . u9 Y0 f$ {* o1 [1 |& o7 [' x5 A0 ~9 S& j' b1 m
dim = len(crossoff.data)/ l. @: E( ?% }: d
; N: c. e* N0 u ?9 w$ k: i& C0 t pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation. " E, I2 u; b' v4 x+ N 2 J; ^" ~ e# P2 j, [" J1 p5 ~0 | crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos]) 6 E( n% S& h1 t0 E( T/ F: `8 G# N8 \ return crossoff5 T3 L7 k( L, C% e" F! ]: E9 o. X
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def GA_main(self):# t' U' V# `! i/ [
''' 7 B) _0 ~( W8 O1 G! `4 y9 ] main frame work of GA * M, |* N5 Q4 J, E3 l9 F4 M: z '''" H$ K% `7 B+ B2 `6 g9 D- g
# C, k3 Z! P& C popsize = self.parameter[3] + o6 ~0 v. q' a* O. K* F" m7 ?8 v4 U6 p" L7 q3 O% `8 @( |7 S. c
print("Start of evolution") % R. I- }0 |3 b 8 \1 k" ]8 b3 I" a/ L # Begin the evolution 1 n6 p! @9 P: r0 j" R% \7 g/ U for g in range(NGEN):3 U2 H0 x( D! o9 U9 Q
; x9 [) g- S; J" {$ z3 h4 w! A print("-- Generation %i --" % g) ' _+ q, d2 T: ~0 i9 }. X
4 l5 q% m* ~' z6 u. ^: q2 f #Apply selection based on their converted fitness 5 K% y) Z" S2 Y5 c! v3 L v" g selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) & u1 {0 P- Q* U+ E, } & i, Z+ d: {' S nextoff = [] ( b2 h7 Z$ ~: ?
while len(nextoff) != popsize: # p- K2 n0 Y0 \% s% s0 C' K7 O. `
# Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring # X5 ?- f2 H! G/ w
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# Select two individuals / Z6 j i0 f2 N; k- {7 v( q" L$ _0 Y6 { offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)]( [- o9 U; v6 u( y+ C
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if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB( S* O: e$ s0 b& I; G( j8 p6 ^& L
crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring)+ c1 d e+ p8 Q! B: h
fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals 1 n& z% ~5 H$ b
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if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB+ r/ d1 O% [! ~" q+ Q Q" c2 h
muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound) 9 o! X$ e/ n4 m# C2 ? fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals5 p& j$ R9 y1 R, `0 ]+ `/ V0 C' n
nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff}) 7 ]$ e- t P; y1 d / `- @& y d1 S2 \0 D # The population is entirely replaced by the offspring9 x$ O8 Z5 s) V3 Y3 E
self.pop = nextoff : H$ b$ F9 B. C7 _* l+ [/ K1 V2 J4 K& ~
# Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats6 B, y. s" }5 \/ A
fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop] 5 x) P3 D( E" T) e {8 O. D; L x: b2 T# U length = len(self.pop)9 q0 ~# |7 m: p+ H/ }
mean = sum(fits) / length/ @- I5 v; ]8 ]4 R
sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits)# K, K3 M- a8 M" j( Z3 c. R4 P$ m5 d
std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.5 - Z$ G+ f0 ]2 h/ U/ N0 b best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop) 5 K2 Y4 s- g4 ^/ A 1 ]6 p- k1 R+ F9 f I0 E ~) R if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']: ^. S/ M' j0 Q* X self.bestindividual = best_ind" h h! o& |3 m' I
# w, H3 ]! ], U" l F# K; s
print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness'])) % y! E0 G, n5 u8 w& l print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits)) / Z" a- j! u- Z- i print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits)) E* y% i6 l: N0 J8 }! X print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean)6 N7 P: [; R- n6 ]" I$ Z
print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std) / F& d3 i1 p; r: Q& S2 Y$ F1 x, n2 y% E0 X; K+ C+ E
print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") 2 |/ r* n' q7 L5 P7 A6 A n' [% ^% r7 L1 q* I$ R- z
if __name__ == "__main__": / H; p$ ?+ O6 `4 U2 b, w& r% n$ {; G8 z2 a
CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters ) |" a6 i/ z( b3 c1 l/ @- x9 E! ?8 `4 x4 \5 I" p7 c" { e* f
up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables - x0 U* O& Z+ J3 _8 H6 u low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables, L% }- ?& N! F: A/ [! g
parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up], A. y. t1 T8 ?1 L
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run = GA(parameter); [: E. L: @2 s7 R! Q. X1 J
run.GA_main()8 u8 G0 ]% A- g5 x: E
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版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。2 I+ n# _+ N v& E+ @- O
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/72782675 - Z: m1 g8 R( t: t7 C2 W! j3 c# @( g
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