) o8 d- H% Q9 u- o3 n" A3 ^& u二、字符串类型的操作+ G" d3 U, G6 H8 x" @
Python类str内置源码: 6 D( i1 o, S H& { 2 _0 E2 R0 o; H+ M6 q0 `class str(object): 4 Q* R9 ^) s6 L1 T! D """( G! t4 w. c: t4 b% r% g
str = "(对象)——> str ( N: {4 l' W( |9 k+ k! e) O0 g" }1 u! y( w1 L& J6 X
Str (bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> Str U( q- d( |& B/ s3 i% F0 e
/ _' i! o6 x) l2 P1 R 从给定的对象创建一个新的字符串对象。如果编码或,则对象必须公开数据缓冲区- x. i V9 [, [; ^. I2 R |
将使用给定的编码和错误处理程序进行解码。 : O% X- d) g# u- B0 r/ u; K' }) q/ F6 H : m" J- ^5 C" p2 k! N
否则,返回object.__str__()的结果(如果已定义)或repr(对象)。' q1 l) o; \8 u" r1 v2 G+ R e
" A/ ^2 c8 f" D6 t1 {9 N 编码默认为sys.getdefaultencoding()。 4 z. u4 B) t& i9 V$ i; R 6 s) @- y, ^8 B% J; h9 W Errors默认为'strict'。7 Y" P5 j% L, `! |
""" / v3 I. j9 q7 B0 }" y def capitalize(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown - m( B3 C' {! T6 O9 _# |8 Q """! [3 |4 N; C* y
Return a capitalized version of the string. 9 i9 L" u. C/ _8 ?5 n 3 W/ g5 E2 v, e+ [( R More specifically, make the first character have upper case and the rest lower ' o8 w9 e. A* C y case.' f+ A" d; \8 A( N
"""3 k0 u7 \- ^2 I, ]
pass 0 a, |! ]) {2 ~2 K" ] 9 T% L' Z' X+ d$ t. W def casefold(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' D/ \2 S& o: [7 W- m9 q$ e7 x7 e) W
""" Return a version of the string suitable for caseless comparisons. """4 ^' W9 L @, C
pass+ r. J* B( a7 i5 R
5 Q9 |: H+ y: v% R. F) L" U def center(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' s# s- S. [0 y) p& T
""" + W; |0 C' o8 J 返回一个居中长度为width的字符串。 - T5 e* k8 I# i , x- T1 T2 x, n: E' p) a) h0 | q0 b 使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。$ Q! E8 [7 G& X3 r( N8 e: o) g' s
"""' {4 H Q2 d) L& `
pass! L% D5 _, D; L
- g1 k* k2 w- B m def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__* x0 a0 E& L4 C- O9 }) \4 \
""" - `- Q8 X6 Y* \/ n h! _ S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> $ |7 k9 Z, `- B. [ I; J$ [( s8 V
) @5 S- C" f- u% i; R int .count(sub[, start[, end]]返回子字符串sub in不重叠出现的次数 x A. A! G6 [" s
8 J" G9 l" q: K3 A5 ~ f 字符串(开始:结束)。可选参数start和end是用切片表示法解释。 # V1 t) N2 ? x """8 q' h/ `! e: `7 Z# u3 R) A s3 u
return 0! V" B- }( E( T7 k- |- X+ t
9 k& M/ D! v2 z( t3 m7 k# G9 a def encode(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown @% u- d; i) s: q( C( n$ M """; a( p$ E4 E$ F. C O+ p7 I7 w
Encode the string using the codec registered for encoding. # b# \- C' e9 m3 I9 e% j , e- s! t2 o& P; P) z6 e& g0 B encoding% C. ^9 E/ q Y' d: p- j, j* s7 F
The encoding in which to encode the string. 2 g' ?7 s' b/ b3 {8 W+ s0 x- D errors $ b/ @0 I& N/ Q* y; H2 l The error handling scheme to use for encoding errors. 3 Z4 V" D9 R% l The default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise a& @0 Q3 [- s; W+ F& k- f
UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and 8 J* p! r2 f: `9 ]% C 'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with% b% K0 L$ E& l9 E( S8 X% M& g
codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors. 8 l- k8 \2 A' J9 j' k; d6 e1 ]/ u* _" }6 ?- `, P, E) B
使用注册用于编码的编解码器对字符串进行编码。 ) b h& l% B6 Q/ V5 M" Y D. {% C0 B* d+ C' ~0 N
编码 M" Y: N' f& t% B 用于编码字符串的编码方式。 6 C" ?4 m8 S9 T3 m 错误 Q1 b9 ^4 J5 J; k7 `/ `
用于编码错误的错误处理方案。 3 f* C3 q+ u7 @ 默认值是'strict',意味着编码错误会引发UnicodeEncodeError。 0 M5 R0 f" C, P# \; T( U" Q 其他可能的值有'ignore', 'replace'和'xmlcharrefreplace'以及注册的任何其他名称编解码器。& L0 }% n, Z) E, X$ w! K8 z
可以处理UnicodeEncodeErrors的register_error。5 }) Z" O. Z0 B" r$ N, l% r
""" 5 P9 q5 |& x3 t& j2 L3 j pass* Y8 n0 E$ D7 e2 r3 R
% a; {5 [2 M0 Q& ?7 d$ D
def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__1 G/ N1 l! f3 n0 A! t0 }
""" # r% R+ V! S- \4 Z; |* s6 Q S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool & ?8 h( u5 F u) B. P* e$ M2 T, L4 Q: C6 ^5 Z& J
Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.6 n/ }6 w) q. e- a# R
With optional start, test S beginning at that position.0 |+ I6 ?8 K3 t) P1 Y5 i
With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.1 X5 Y2 M( N6 T8 ^& Y+ {# }; g
suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.& j2 T. q( D$ N2 v, ]- \7 `1 b$ M
""" 0 W! a% G. O- ?4 ^8 i: q return False . r6 P- e! G1 c" A ' K4 i$ i6 T/ M% R. J6 Z! N def expandtabs(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown/ o: U# Z! P9 l3 k& [- }) K
"""2 ?2 e% H0 W6 l4 @* _6 E
Return a copy where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.7 ^0 a5 k: {7 [, \; O
* g9 Y; z+ g4 v- D If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.7 a: z( N5 U/ M; A' |4 h( {
""" 4 S/ ]7 j. ^6 t4 c" G pass : r* \+ C# v4 A( d G# }+ G4 T: n# A: V+ _
def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 3 M$ s) _! K/ n3 n/ B """5 R* c# \, V) L* f2 i
S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 5 H- L- T$ p0 c/ h2 V8 t- `2 N: e0 Y' z* `
Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,# U) d, o" E: v% @; e
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional 1 j, }( E$ a2 K5 Q9 t arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.4 o P4 c) L' z0 k6 j/ Y* n+ u$ b
1 y& E% _/ T9 \/ A, E9 U7 v& ?" H Return -1 on failure. 9 _) s2 o5 p# ]1 n$ w1 a) B" T$ ?8 k; {
S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 4 E" v2 A+ f( y* Z1 s ' {6 u: k. z; X3 g" c* b- v 返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。 % c0 Y: p' r! ^, n P# u6 R# A 可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。 ; P# J- f' K9 @( w! ?$ a % F, U4 p* x6 x0 ?
失败时返回-1。 * }1 D1 }2 R; i2 N* P# f- a & q8 N( W6 s; P& c o% q: y """6 r7 ?5 n( Q# t8 _0 G0 B3 v
return 0 : q1 P6 v4 j: [/ U ) M6 u! k6 I1 g% v' k0 a def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format% w& t* q# J0 l7 X
"""; x! H! o; S6 H f' E
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str * U3 ]" n% h+ i5 a$ `) g9 q$ J ) t4 o% f: Q! N7 d Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs. / q- `) E" J- P) v+ r The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').. @ E/ Y' t u2 `
8 C: @9 X7 r/ h3 ]
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str' C" d6 J. f" P( Q' M) }/ Z
) Q) O9 p; m5 @* v% ^; g
使用args和kwargs的替换,返回S的格式化版本。3 {+ e8 S, f B8 a8 G. X' O
替换由大括号('{'和'}')标识。4 J4 a+ b: X9 O8 I9 H8 R H9 p
""" . o1 A- V" v8 D* q) O* a9 @ pass S( h+ _# L- ~! p0 O+ ?. Z* `
2 e8 f# P. c, Y* W0 c% d$ h
def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ u! |% z6 z/ A1 C. N
""" 3 G+ k' W- K6 Q+ C( ~. {: Z! _ S.format_map(mapping) -> str + A1 |. O, C! M) P. p0 A6 R: d; n: U. C. B7 o% n0 E, {
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping. 3 r- `# I8 O: r% y& \; e( C' O- A The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}'). % S4 ]7 L" e) z """ 8 v0 p; T' F6 W5 i return "" 6 y! H4 Q. x# |7 a& H1 I/ O1 ~+ m! w. `: u8 D# C
def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ # Y0 j' @6 P l8 s """: K( g( d+ u# y3 v$ L
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int ' u$ }* B! n' B * b4 K# @7 X2 i( ? Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,4 s, C) s& a1 ]* }
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional$ H+ D% p5 |8 q0 F& N- U M
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. 0 }1 K' G" n j8 s4 ^- F9 H" P: w: J8 W* C& H. y6 z+ y
Raises ValueError when the substring is not found. / z8 l7 k3 `3 Z+ H7 j. y) K- Q$ x
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int $ J% N# Y6 U: m0 D3 P .index(sub[, start[, end]]: a2 T- a( Q* S {( g
1 T3 Z3 k2 Q* n/ @: c0 x( _3 j* \
返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。 % V4 R0 s$ M$ U8 K 可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。 ' S9 b2 I, j( k- ~0 W - u2 _. t5 r7 j6 }# R8 C' R 当没有找到子字符串时引发ValueError。% E; D( b+ @' \& j3 M1 z
""" 1 {% ^$ j4 z0 a. d$ w return 0. U9 O6 a; m. f* Y1 E" ^3 s1 `8 @
$ J0 `2 Q! I( e% {: L @; {
def isalnum(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ( R# | ~" \7 D! l+ |- c """ 7 j. u# ^' u7 Z Return True if the string is an alpha-numeric string, False otherwise. 3 \) c' r; c" b& {' m; Y9 }( V , R& h9 l6 K m: b( c: S) q A string is alpha-numeric if all characters in the string are alpha-numeric and% F0 {$ q! b* K3 p4 t: P5 X$ i
there is at least one character in the string. ) [6 `# W! k- a; } """ 8 K8 c ?5 s! W, J6 c+ { pass 1 Y. k$ f' b2 u5 z. t: y$ ~7 b/ @$ e5 r! ]! ?, d
def isalpha(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ( {7 O! T7 s4 R) I7 N$ n* O1 o """ ( s. T2 f# V. q5 j Return True if the string is an alphabetic string, False otherwise. + L z" c$ x2 @$ G% w Y4 q7 a% \5 B! M0 A8 k A string is alphabetic if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there " E5 j: p" U( G4 v1 W3 N is at least one character in the string.& `2 F7 A* _+ Q, j: e$ v
""" " ]4 n9 U* Z o i pass2 Z; y6 q: a- c2 D, Z& R( ]: A
/ Z) K$ ^0 Q: J, y: u& @
def isascii(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown N! K0 n8 U1 n5 v* H: J/ @
""" # K8 f* p; v0 X& W( @ Return True if all characters in the string are ASCII, False otherwise.; R4 b5 T% S4 W# a3 C
3 [0 t! E4 ]$ M" d" i ASCII characters have code points in the range U+0000-U+007F.3 ]; c; D% L- a @' I
Empty string is ASCII too. 9 y* @) {2 z8 L2 S """0 B5 E P: s% h; S/ _* o
pass : \5 _# w+ N5 w v6 G) R8 h1 m2 C8 u4 w5 ?5 o0 g
def isdecimal(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown! C" y5 j: B0 X/ U) }' N
""") f) Z* E4 [9 @& W
Return True if the string is a decimal string, False otherwise.% B; [. o+ q) l2 g9 S" N
. H* _( m& e8 N0 j' i* t6 X
A string is a decimal string if all characters in the string are decimal and& |# R, G. d+ {
there is at least one character in the string. . C8 A, k, t- B$ d, A. y2 } """ 6 T5 `9 r Z3 ~! h+ {' w pass ! d$ d3 I0 F3 u3 i, C# U! e ; v* y3 B5 y8 u/ W def isdigit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown% H9 b3 X. f- T
"""+ Y0 m4 ~, a2 E" |. A8 K; p* `
Return True if the string is a digit string, False otherwise.$ o2 N5 B) V- y0 N6 ?/ @( l
7 S) t# V0 G0 \$ b
A string is a digit string if all characters in the string are digits and there # [, _) V3 j; G. M, [' e is at least one character in the string. # G1 ]+ \: t9 V6 g" v) o """$ `0 u0 `! Y1 S$ H+ E
pass- Z0 G$ w( I" S% l/ \
- v( c5 z% j; b" k1 |) U4 W2 u def isidentifier(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown/ c8 a/ W2 q! [$ P( a! }
"""7 R0 E: Q) X& S* A% i0 P% r
Return True if the string is a valid Python identifier, False otherwise. ) E- d, \, \! S7 ~9 | 0 E( a1 w& E5 E* G Call keyword.iskeyword(s) to test whether string s is a reserved identifier,! k8 D# m6 E* Z& E( d* q6 V2 y
such as "def" or "class".# U( B4 d- _; Z' O E, z
""" * k2 F3 U7 g+ G) v3 }: e/ s9 L pass 1 w7 c! T* r1 A- E1 S5 _( v6 D* }0 k" z% G, n
def islower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 4 B' a \9 F7 J' R V """ ( u2 L- b1 X y1 W. A' T Return True if the string is a lowercase string, False otherwise. * `/ X6 p s# D# i* H% A2 S' q9 N% ^% U: \" ~
A string is lowercase if all cased characters in the string are lowercase and # P' m3 l U9 _. z" k$ q2 ?: t there is at least one cased character in the string. ( ?3 N' [+ _2 Q- O0 D """3 t8 K. N& t) N6 L
pass5 u2 T1 q7 U3 i" I# @6 y4 O$ O1 |
. E8 p7 A9 T# U7 u def isnumeric(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ; ~5 m$ {& M2 H, J$ U+ h """4 c8 V- T" I \$ U
Return True if the string is a numeric string, False otherwise.: D+ s' s! z. T( i& {/ p
, L* t; D& F# U) F, h A string is numeric if all characters in the string are numeric and there is at- \" |6 ]9 V3 l* d( n j
least one character in the string. 6 j; j" z/ n+ I; y% \# c* B """ % f/ d: n% O9 w& e" H) N pass % G* n) ]! Y8 B- J2 m0 k* N2 E; C+ _; U8 ~8 r3 w' {4 e% m
def isprintable(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown) `7 Q$ P- ^: t+ P+ K1 ~2 q
""" & y0 t L/ b5 a& F: n Return True if the string is printable, False otherwise.4 w9 r$ s& \% G2 @& f! p5 V0 Q4 P
8 d) s$ T) I" S! ? A string is printable if all of its characters are considered printable in/ p- c/ j# W/ L
repr() or if it is empty.6 B$ g" \5 k! p' q9 D; u
""" : T5 I1 M- q R" |' [9 y pass $ Y( `/ O/ q8 u2 M. X9 ~1 ?7 g" d v4 ]) P( c+ I, y3 L def isspace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown! X+ b' C8 `& Q
"""- T8 _& D: J4 A# n6 n. G( ~
Return True if the string is a whitespace string, False otherwise.0 L: [4 q N1 W. P8 O- Y* B
* y4 F! B* \' c! s# e$ R0 S2 @# u A string is whitespace if all characters in the string are whitespace and there # {; Z( U3 D; i2 J, P4 m- s is at least one character in the string.# x/ d4 P7 `- M( O" ^
""" 1 y$ L0 m1 F- b& h! ~, H pass / l5 y8 C. g* p- \( ~' |& }* j3 J' F 4 ?% _6 `8 U' w- { \% P def istitle(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown2 Z( F, s* j, G* V- D8 m. Q
"""8 l2 e" u. f! t, I! Q! j
Return True if the string is a title-cased string, False otherwise.! Y, X6 o9 `- ^4 j- O2 j% H) U; w
3 a8 U# b1 Z5 }. l
In a title-cased string, upper- and title-case characters may only3 M: t T' K6 ]1 k2 E% w
follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. - V& x" g5 G, O% Z0 R9 j """8 c3 M& c1 _) R2 Z+ q9 n+ p( V9 `) [) w
pass$ n% \6 E1 J0 n, g
$ H$ k6 [1 ^, ]# d+ ~3 ~ def isupper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown7 L4 y8 h1 o9 Q- |$ ^! n! t
""" : V3 H8 t( Y& P5 `5 A Return True if the string is an uppercase string, False otherwise. 4 R3 U5 O. r+ ^% ^ # i4 r3 a- j; @' v- I) x A string is uppercase if all cased characters in the string are uppercase and , Q! \0 r/ I3 u( P there is at least one cased character in the string. % W$ L5 Q8 d! l3 T9 I """ S. K1 q! @* ^. K7 q# A pass* z8 m$ y! ?4 R6 g0 w
4 V. h% [2 Z% s8 Z def join(self, ab=None, pq=None, rs=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__! y( p0 o! j9 P* ?' |, k1 v' O8 [
"""- F$ ?2 L2 y! H Q
Concatenate any number of strings.1 H& d* _9 Z' Z( L
" ?+ f8 t8 J( k8 ~* R6 j The string whose method is called is inserted in between each given string. ( U9 R; ?5 X |' Z @3 q5 p The result is returned as a new string. 9 {# E3 ~! [8 A o) _ T# c ) a9 B4 V# y# g+ E1 ? Example: '.'.join(['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs'; A+ e+ o* ?1 T
6 c: Y; t0 e) x. S! v4 l
连接任意数量的字符串。( E2 N9 U" B$ [0 G0 a! C" B+ B) E
8 o' L$ q4 s3 E# E$ h, f" m 调用其方法的字符串被插入到每个给定字符串之间。 , d6 i( ?1 _2 `8 _ 结果以新字符串的形式返回。+ }/ v; W7 J) @' q+ U. T
" r! g9 c! }; ?) L& T `* p ?) u
例如:“。”。Join (['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs'+ T+ `! P2 H5 Y( @' S
""" & s# x/ E- n! ~1 w$ e6 x4 L6 n pass + e% i" g" Z7 g7 b7 s# Y 0 G3 S/ \0 `, d% H+ v& S- j5 ~ def ljust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown. ~) a+ v* m$ S I( e/ ]4 m
"""4 N* T7 x! z4 i+ E+ n9 m6 K( k w5 ]
Return a left-justified string of length width. 0 N! K6 t- T" W5 X, S ) Z& _% ~3 ?1 h Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space).$ h7 `0 b+ d+ x5 |" q
" x7 j+ l5 J" O' ]: N1 R
返回长度为width的左对齐字符串。 1 E7 w& q6 g9 _6 R8 B# d( x. l / a/ T) m( p4 q h 使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 % V# \5 k& v, `8 W """! f& W9 P" H( a# Y
pass " m, t2 Q2 c$ x& R$ X x9 D+ E' y* z2 o. k
def lower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown7 K' @& S4 L: H4 I6 i$ ?5 d5 I
""" Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase. 3 V, a% M; E+ c. w9 x' v
返回转换为小写的字符串副本。""" ! b1 Z: D- ~( T* Y pass9 u! l* a P& d: r9 e: o
$ N" u$ V9 u/ s% r. s6 b
def lstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown $ _6 Q: b5 _6 d# v& \4 _: R """' @0 C3 W. t6 {+ a, d& M
Return a copy of the string with leading whitespace removed. 7 B% t: K% u2 ^) J$ Z6 p7 l' e2 o. T) [) k+ l
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.0 [! Q# o1 E7 o, a5 G7 k
; W6 c3 w* a# U. g
返回删除前导空格的字符串副本。% P2 j9 ]8 y$ F$ p2 m
) t. f% ?# C, Q |4 F1 O( f: D4 u: z 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 , O2 N* H% U9 h3 G """9 F2 }; f2 L) d) b& p
pass 0 m. H, i& }" K+ y g6 ]9 D% {0 j& s$ h% J& h# R1 @" g
def maketrans(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + f" Y3 E' v% F; g o& ~ """ " N: W$ i g z# p% P Return a translation table usable for str.translate(). 7 A. i: m; |2 r' l' `' X- E# n/ V! C% \3 l3 L2 H+ D6 `1 P
If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode $ Z8 T* u8 e5 t. e7 X ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None.- a0 Q# s. m- S$ N( e
Character keys will be then converted to ordinals.2 K& R9 h/ i( S8 _) u) r
If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and0 q3 _' e. W- L+ K# @
in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the , i) O2 s6 G7 M5 G character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it3 b; ~% ~' `+ q r: p8 d
must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result.$ n& B @* {4 d8 v
"""+ Z* s# ] m: M( z+ x' c O9 x6 U
pass $ Z+ w1 }; V# I; n/ j6 F, u8 h0 G $ @% O" ?( p- @6 e& q" `4 a def partition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown w: M/ Z; Z; @- }( Z- ]4 F """0 z/ n; t3 z$ G+ T' C
Partition the string into three parts using the given separator." }& o, E, A. \
. i- J; x* Y- w$ D: V) }: S This will search for the separator in the string. If the separator is found,( r% g) w T+ Y; E& Y
returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator 1 p5 D5 f: T) C+ c itself, and the part after it.# d) u% H! M X$ j
* Z. R( w" S8 P* M' {; h If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing the original string 8 y8 j3 M* r1 Y4 D0 f and two empty strings. 0 r% w, w, V- U! t: o% F """* l* f" n s* `: C% G$ s
pass 9 w2 d% i4 N! f! g , x- [' o0 h) n( x. a- q def replace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown , {$ h/ C8 f' t1 x% i5 ` """/ V( l/ a6 D6 H
Return a copy with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. * Y8 F6 q! b% ]" K$ m. Z& w 1 n9 @. w4 c0 f( m2 N3 K# E% p R count $ O6 N* j1 ^9 e Maximum number of occurrences to replace. $ ?& T" [8 M+ y) ] -1 (the default value) means replace all occurrences.! C0 r5 d4 T$ K, J
/ ]6 R. A/ f" @ If the optional argument count is given, only the first count occurrences are$ O* f/ T- B+ d8 q( P- s1 ~+ t
replaced. ; x9 }, R5 N: Z) \' E/ E; P" F8 ?4 A
返回一个副本,其中所有出现的子字符串old都被new替换。 Z- F# f/ Q! S2 g. J0 m
6 \9 Q' k# |9 k1 e 数: j! b( p- g! _) @6 X- s
替换的最大次数。" L+ Y" e) i0 d/ F7 b) T! d
-1(默认值)表示替换所有匹配项。0 z) \( ~; C T4 `, p* y* `5 ]
0 y5 [* ]2 Y' w, e( Y( G 如果给出了可选参数count,则只出现第一个count更换。 + l1 _# \0 c' J7 V/ G' b """ ' }/ X4 Y3 I, F/ z0 S1 ^ pass8 q7 q6 \+ p3 a' A9 M# b9 A
- Z) @) c2 e! N$ ~0 g def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 8 @4 f$ h3 }/ ?# N | """ * Z' [8 f% S+ c ~) Z* A S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int4 {, }: D5 h J+ n4 }! z% p
; B3 C; A4 Y1 `3 Z* B, B
Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,& d1 t E( M' ]* t: l: d j
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional 7 e' y1 _& K8 G- M( g$ Q7 T: l arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.* e- v& o) d, H% q7 Y( J
3 X, t8 g$ X6 ?0 S7 A Return -1 on failure.7 H1 j! x- f$ Y5 s# z3 O5 v1 Z
""" 7 Z( s }0 W, O- E a- I0 m return 0& p: i6 t% g2 p% l* g- m6 w
# h4 H* ~2 O2 L9 B) h: T
def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ + R! |. ~# x8 Z4 w9 H4 y- X """5 f# g4 k9 h7 b
S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int9 L) G/ F, w8 D8 B5 ]2 T5 ]
2 m8 h# j8 _$ `( S9 Q
Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, , y9 T8 x: C9 H( M* g) ^7 T8 _7 D such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional G: T$ G6 O9 T8 ?0 s# b: O$ z
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation./ C3 \$ n! e) ]) |: J+ j
: j6 } _0 L Q
Raises ValueError when the substring is not found.5 b2 o0 y0 o; t' Y5 g0 ?$ b
""" $ @* f! \! W1 i% `( M) C ~ return 0 , P8 |# r7 S, h1 Q) O . _8 ^/ P; S3 d' f def rjust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + x9 p, ^/ g9 ^, r" ? """: X4 N: b5 C. y+ c% Q5 ~ D' Y
Return a right-justified string of length width. . b5 u) H8 X7 k% [, s } # O7 F9 N! f. Y Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space). " K# B# n7 v5 F0 x; x/ B. [, B4 y, R0 r/ l
返回长度为width的右对齐字符串。 3 b! R4 M: [ C; s$ T0 y8 o8 n/ o! p2 X3 p4 y
使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。+ R, M* u& o v V
""" & ]: _) C0 {4 @ pass! D# b. M$ [5 Z t# N- Z( [, \; ^
P t! U! [% ^ def rpartition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown \5 w# R0 j8 |6 g; y V! C- [ """( h2 N% S# E& W6 y; |" }
Partition the string into three parts using the given separator.' C0 x+ s/ a' B/ d3 w2 Y8 A( ^
2 J6 F# |1 x) q8 c" s% [2 ] \ This will search for the separator in the string, starting at the end. If+ {7 I7 A6 S1 A# z. U
the separator is found, returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the - B2 A3 \# o5 P: W5 h separator, the separator itself, and the part after it. . H& Q1 U8 u' R, H5 Q+ z8 z2 |7 d" l$ E( E) A" U Z# F& @) V
If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing two empty strings 0 x' ~3 c6 r/ h: i and the original string.; g3 F7 {" E5 X1 v6 B" L
""" . }9 E3 O3 S/ X- ?8 U- U3 w* a pass5 `7 R8 [+ o- R4 @+ Z, d& ?& U
- z) k" b0 I. b
def rsplit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown " q' ]+ A* F, A% S2 \% W """ 5 K! e6 f- C; g# a2 j Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string./ c/ C: S) T1 k* W
+ j9 K1 i7 J6 l3 W7 B sep 4 ?1 \! k4 D6 Q The delimiter according which to split the string. . g* p. u; M# ~7 v: |0 J) s' R% k! h None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace,1 Y' O7 Z- j2 G& h0 v! a) `
and discard empty strings from the result. . m+ @: @* L$ ]4 N maxsplit' B; _" l) C+ l- ~
Maximum number of splits to do. ; m! L& E9 z- m* G4 g( e! c -1 (the default value) means no limit. 6 D* ?: p5 V" D2 D A1 b- L9 `" G' Q0 I
Splits are done starting at the end of the string and working to the front. ; y, q/ ~ t( u0 _" x* A 1 N# P2 G& s6 @ 返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。 B. F- q8 [2 ^& t3 H+ i sep9 p" B/ F; { C, l9 P7 d9 \" ^% g
用来分割字符串的分隔符。 # U5 F9 c0 D7 Z# Q( O. M! I- W None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。 ( U7 w7 u' x3 W+ s; {' | / W3 J2 Q* W4 t5 O+ k( h& N
maxsplit 4 q, \$ y! j+ q2 K 最大分割次数。# d! l1 A& i" e9 T' o4 g- S
-1(默认值)表示无限制。. J/ r6 t3 S! }
8 ^1 ?1 u3 z6 X# D 劈叉从绳子的末端开始,一直到前面。( R1 r3 J! v9 J5 b, F% J
""" ; ?' }- V/ B, ^) L! P4 O pass 1 D# t, N; l" E8 H3 F: ^% V + J! v/ t$ n1 p/ K6 B; ]; A { def rstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown, x- }' [7 `7 J2 ]- k) {
"""" K: \5 j/ Y0 Y8 W; z" x
Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed.( b! L/ I* L; M- F3 Q* r
+ ^' L/ f, Z6 s/ r- r If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. / s7 G2 U; e& x, F& y- F/ ~ ; }2 p8 g) v+ z& q( f/ c: P 返回字符串的副本,删除尾随空格。 7 b# Q! V6 A$ O. F 3 r% S8 g6 w% p" @* |8 h1 l) i9 ?5 s 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 & ^0 o6 N/ j, ~6 ~3 _ """! E6 V* x8 t/ m, H$ a& M: U2 K
pass , }5 P8 e; B7 W, t) ?4 g/ R6 O* N8 h8 ]# h, f
def split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown# r6 \, e Y1 Z$ c& _5 z# q
""" 3 S$ Y p9 D; [' L5 P Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. ; @; l0 i/ s/ C- R9 _* V' ~ f2 Z2 n1 l
sep , l- q% z7 g: `/ ]; r The delimiter according which to split the string.2 j( u; T. u7 d! K9 G& Y, r3 @& g
None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace, - u2 I) Q8 p" V% I3 |5 J and discard empty strings from the result. L2 `( e, {+ v5 B# G3 t: M- C maxsplit9 [6 g) k* S- \0 B' I+ j9 [4 i
Maximum number of splits to do. . Z* J* M k, \/ l -1 (the default value) means no limit. 8 j( v6 h( ?: Y; W Q ?, [) ] """: b, n" X8 D4 H
pass0 f8 v# ]4 }6 H
+ d9 i9 l, y, p3 W, U def splitlines(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ( Z' E' |* p9 X, d, T$ |0 @1 N3 M* W """4 w5 G, A& F6 A# I8 w! T; C
Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries. 8 L i9 K: D! N' k. L' q2 i. C/ ~ ; G. S! y- O) P/ q Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and: Y' _$ Z9 H; V; C( {+ j H
true. 4 @( n8 ?1 `' J' R# f/ a- W5 K6 x """; P2 v6 G2 O5 F2 v
pass % G1 A7 v9 Q0 L5 b0 a5 S& n2 z- ~# r: o
def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 8 }8 f7 C$ J, h. A3 { """, {' n/ w" R$ I$ c% X/ a
S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool/ I- b; P3 a% e+ S
5 k0 A" O! c5 G( n! y Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise. 3 f) W# m1 \6 R: \8 s With optional start, test S beginning at that position. 3 d% Y& I( |8 Y! q; I With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. % n, l. \! M* ], [9 ` prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try. X# N% t" k3 O z. Q& A5 g
""" 3 U' f/ j6 @, U* T6 @ return False ' i, V! V/ d% e6 ^0 ?% t/ f5 I; q; o" F( ]: R5 q+ y
def strip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown) w# _( w& N9 k/ h: j' m
"""6 M9 @3 \/ _7 r: f6 u
Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed. 7 T, r) U# u, i- ~+ }, X4 w# p5 k; P7 `; q0 q. \1 Z8 n+ Z A- M% L
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. % j9 N& {- i7 d' b$ N8 N, G D* B$ c* _
返回删除前导和尾随空格的字符串副本。6 m) }- ?# B4 a1 M# T8 i
- \- |0 Z J7 b" ~/ ^& o
如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。" p& s$ Q3 z0 I* J
"""9 e* y7 g; n# `( Q% S+ S3 }, Y. [: R ?
pass ( b' Y3 V/ j L5 H4 K/ A , ]6 B7 Z; `' s7 [ def swapcase(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown" X& h: r) m6 D7 E. c& f) a: [- K
""" Convert uppercase characters to lowercase and lowercase characters to uppercase. """ 5 a- m N3 g* U* |: e pass# C4 P1 g" u* H2 G; y
! _4 L$ g; y7 d( z6 B
def title(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown1 l y7 O: s5 D
"""" G- t. k" D( ^+ V: D
Return a version of the string where each word is titlecased.5 F+ Y- F+ `& c
0 y0 h U0 o: L4 \* ]
More specifically, words start with uppercased characters and all remaining " U# [" Y' C$ E4 v cased characters have lower case. ; R0 \$ V2 n1 R """ 8 I% ]* z, E3 ^, L/ R6 Z( j& u# H pass1 c0 I" Y% s' N" W; N4 k: m- i
- ^, ]" d% C8 N% M4 o; n* @( L4 X0 t
def translate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ; P4 }9 U. A |5 D: i4 z" a """/ ?; O- }0 v& K7 i9 Z
Replace each character in the string using the given translation table. w2 I& e0 N& W5 P/ G
# y) Y% ]! H3 u& B! ~9 K table & k# I# z% o) N l0 u Translation table, which must be a mapping of Unicode ordinals to' Q6 x p0 K0 r9 s
Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. 3 ^+ y/ ]+ ]' j7 w 8 A9 t6 n9 @0 X( O7 s! @8 d The table must implement lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a 3 ` }; P2 I# n dictionary or list. If this operation raises LookupError, the character is & V6 f$ O# ~3 M; v1 K1 k* @ left untouched. Characters mapped to None are deleted.4 J; \% x! l! P5 R" V; t
""" - j7 i, l% N6 G3 V# _ pass0 P; V6 Q" j2 e' i, N
. Y* z8 `# i% z! k+ P def upper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown3 l5 k6 F R& y* ?8 G$ ^
""" Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase. """8 v, y2 _/ g/ e) x
pass 4 l2 V/ h. z' U 2 i0 p; L; H- j1 { u def zfill(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 0 @# z& m. x& n* X """7 X; Z2 n. B. Q( H* s
Pad a numeric string with zeros on the left, to fill a field of the given width. ) w8 j& m1 Y0 w4 U0 P 9 l! e( T* r* T# Y6 j" M( G The string is never truncated. # ~- q" [+ k1 ?3 W) t9 V& C6 y$ P """6 ~ x& y8 _% ?4 u4 \0 i
pass( Q8 _& L( n0 A
5 B5 l( M& b- K( v Q
def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown- R; ?7 y5 B0 y3 ?4 R7 P7 f
""" Return self+value. """$ W4 X; {# c/ R; C+ N1 p6 ?$ D
pass2 K0 i8 ^4 [: T, a8 {" ]3 \
, B/ q7 K: b+ _) V+ }
def __contains__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown- U0 C: L+ y! c& l
""" Return key in self. """ & c }$ F+ t% e, r0 U2 P2 W pass0 x7 I: e6 Z4 C, Q! [ |
; T0 H6 Z M# \4 u
def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; q: k4 f- A- P3 t4 h5 }( o
""" Return self==value. """: D( j- e( ?, n: d: T, v
pass! C/ J5 M4 b! w8 U$ [
" J8 w3 [3 E# L def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown : @2 q3 `3 R+ H; x* r( r3 { """ Return a formatted version of the string as described by format_spec. """ ) L7 W* h' g$ Z pass $ e/ S6 h* H" x 3 z o4 G$ P& X- W def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown5 d5 x2 P8 Y4 A8 p) w
""" Return getattr(self, name). """1 O5 D. ?+ E x) j
pass 5 a- f7 w# L, F) p! B# G$ {, z- r6 H# l9 R1 s# A' k
def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown " \2 T- W0 I$ s$ }: J" k: t+ Z """ Return self[key]. """ 3 E6 M3 \' G9 I4 F0 c- |2 D pass6 E, J7 s. @4 M% R
+ q& F' V/ ^8 A5 R5 n
def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown" I4 H$ J: A6 X; c
pass5 h9 B/ @- A& _
- \# z3 f/ ?& L, ?1 {4 S/ } def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown& z B; m- y0 a4 w" H4 E
""" Return self>=value. """. y5 v; |; _* T
pass ; B1 p2 M# ]% P0 z1 n5 Y 0 K$ W% U9 ^# X( A def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown0 M( B- W+ L. ?, U0 [
""" Return self>value. """ ( @# A' ]. z; y( [! } pass' Y! z2 @/ O2 m) Z7 ~
k' ]- w# E6 |- ?2 K8 B& K, i
def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown8 ]+ X- S, w6 a
""" Return hash(self). """) u0 T+ u3 ~3 p0 v$ k
pass0 J. [& |. ?" y; u; t$ H
7 H% U7 L: M; M/ B" R8 S7 H+ R def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict'): # known special case of str.__init__. [: n* [* {1 Q# [6 G) w
""" 1 d) @1 `5 M. l$ F' q D str(object='') -> str 7 a4 N m" e# q% ~ str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str l; s& V( V% |. q, Y4 ?' D
% D2 Q, u( l6 _
Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or3 w- z+ |& d5 y2 q1 ~+ b- n) m; e
errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer V' R7 c/ Y; w that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler. 6 K8 F; }) w) u. Q7 H3 N3 @4 [ Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)0 U1 t% H* T' l6 m8 A2 L4 [3 K
or repr(object). % X$ I* V7 G8 s6 y( p encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().' R+ i0 e. {% w8 m' w/ R# g
errors defaults to 'strict'.' u8 [3 u6 q( ^
# (copied from class doc)/ \+ z z3 v) a7 J+ @; q# ~
""" + w- H2 }3 f0 y7 E' g' Q7 G; B pass $ Y, C8 U4 ~" z4 @9 x+ o) |& _- a- {. X7 L0 S8 J% x1 L
def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ' W# p4 o& M! e/ g* O% \6 O: } i# f """ Implement iter(self). """& N' N* I( i3 j/ ~
pass7 d8 Z: z r( O0 A5 H
; Q3 ^! r2 e- }' O def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown* M$ }6 R3 i" ?; J1 j
""" Return len(self). """ / Z0 M/ Q: N" |) ]2 s( j* K, `- r pass : ^3 l8 g4 w* ^9 l+ d) |+ T7 ^3 \6 B( B4 F5 h
def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown: ~! T+ _$ A0 F8 _3 `
""" Return self<=value. """ / E5 r( u3 l8 w! j. ~# d pass4 w' T2 b; `) S8 N# O+ L
; W# B5 @% g1 h0 P' K! v
def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ) f0 z# w5 g1 f7 { """ Return self<value. """# p3 f8 s7 [3 z# A1 _ K- ?/ U& {: T& x
pass 8 A9 G' G, D$ B) n- s 4 G+ N: g6 O; p4 p9 N+ x def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown q+ I4 q; B( o U; y* k$ ]
""" Return self%value. """ $ S; k/ f' X2 [1 H, J$ ] pass$ i7 o4 K1 B% b
% Y+ X; I- E9 [1 h- J- `6 ^; \
def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown % L* {# q: }) F- H! q """ Return self*value. """ ( @& D e/ x. ^2 f pass) C- ]2 } \ ^( L8 T
3 X4 y/ S, G4 ~7 [1 e
@staticmethod # known case of __new__ + Y3 V1 T1 e5 ] K def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown . h. g8 z5 z5 P$ Q- T """ Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. """0 I6 L" o. f( F4 F
pass 5 \4 }/ q. K9 C/ g9 i - V5 z0 Q6 e. J! \# y4 G def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 1 _: `- D8 U8 ]% D2 U5 q """ Return self!=value. """ ) H9 G1 x% l. z! _0 S% N7 z8 I pass3 a% I& G6 V! i. j8 o* _
5 n3 Q) _. E! c7 k# Y def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown : i+ g4 J7 o9 f """ Return repr(self). """ 5 j: c; D3 c( S8 j0 U& e2 ^& K" C9 Y pass3 C' Q" S; o' Z0 J# b+ {
* r% M6 H( W: q
def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown* j" s6 M( Y' F4 u0 y/ K) V6 c
""" Return value%self. """ * Y$ Y) [9 [, h7 G pass 9 _3 i/ Z/ T# p/ T$ s r+ K6 P9 p6 d- G: M9 J0 b3 V
def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 9 M* l, t, |* i3 c+ j) | """ Return value*self. """ - Y6 A! b$ [$ @- A( R3 h9 w6 c. c pass 3 }5 b/ C6 o+ h+ s. V 9 O! \0 i% X8 w& v6 \/ w def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown j' r# q( `- Z; ? """ Return the size of the string in memory, in bytes. """ ) u6 j. k K0 b! o$ S" F& _ pass ( }# F- w: [, H1 T& X( J' u7 E, y o/ z n3 g/ }9 V3 _: G
def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown$ \1 _& N4 ?# b- n7 S, C& B
""" Return str(self). """6 r5 y0 R, y( ]+ p4 z9 F6 H
pass 1 h9 B- i# B B* T + G# f8 }! q' A* W( ]1! k9 g! B; x! N" t
2 ! {- }/ @: h W; d30 E( y- c; u1 C" X0 t
41 l1 b2 B& j( ^4 L& N% X
5% X+ o7 w2 B7 M" m1 t1 v) f
6% P4 w0 G h3 k. U- ^( {6 _3 T2 d1 p
7+ w9 K, w' d# n( P6 A, x' w5 F
8( j- r& p& }/ j
9 + `# d, o( ]* u10 ( r+ c7 C/ W7 `! Q* u11 D9 L- k* |: B3 A$ y
12/ M$ U6 z5 v5 {% l
13 ' G4 X- U$ ?, K) Z! {& O14' k0 g$ k1 b9 B4 x
15 0 F' j% p% }, E8 M, B16/ k# M" Q; u% b
17 , t$ Y- m# s/ _18$ V# H) q+ A" H6 p! E; d3 ~
19 . E0 j; R0 F9 k1 z" _20 . c3 ~1 k0 ~3 C$ o7 N1 C21 2 n5 y6 i* L, [3 r' i* b22 F Q' g* o* L* d1 w
233 z; B. c' g/ \6 B4 `3 v! G) [" c
24 8 j: _. c! w# q! A1 d1 j' H25, ?1 D! T6 _( X
26 5 I4 P; o: U! }- s$ V( `, e; S27 + _* N1 w) e6 z# G282 Q# A! W3 A8 v* n9 j" r) J7 l1 P6 |
29 7 w1 R W# ^* U3 V6 k }" n30 8 G' @' Y. [2 c8 c31 , h, e$ U' P: p# Y, V* \326 h9 [6 t- ]/ m( ]8 ^
33 1 L$ ^: R9 Q6 T7 z; `, I34 5 X7 |; Z0 q2 I! U+ _35! D% N' ?; [9 W0 U! e( J
36 # b6 X- V; j& G Z0 q) w. k, h37' @6 N7 H/ d A% ~! }6 H) ]( E
387 H3 T; ~7 {9 W w% ^/ E
39) ?3 Y4 U9 t: ?- E: G3 f
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41 ) d. A7 h% ~7 p s0 l. f7 g8 S1 a42% n/ Z& y9 Y- N/ x* @ _. [
43 * r j$ O V, k1 \5 @44 6 c: Q- F" H1 o5 _, X7 U45 & O) c' A8 M/ v46 . l: n" `8 f# w47 @4 U2 I7 j, z, K
48+ o! m2 ~& h3 i
495 H, N7 z1 T5 s
50 , p5 I* M/ }8 t51 $ j7 j) t u: v52 6 M9 C! Z$ Z+ S53- K4 q5 W! W0 Z4 U$ j+ F
54 * X+ Z$ [/ D. _+ z55 8 R5 `; G, p" X2 t56 # d8 V0 M- ?7 ?7 p- p7 I57 8 W! a/ Y7 m& p% O1 x58! u, H: x" v* ]5 T' @/ C
59 0 W: A& j. E9 b6 ~60) R5 b2 U+ W0 b% Q+ f7 ~
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620 t! A. i- Q$ I3 ^
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1.字符串操作符5 m. E' R, D. b8 P S
操作符 描述 3 o$ `* H2 Y# Q, {: J i; x; P+ x+y,连接两个字符串x和y% [# G8 D: c* y
* x*n或n*x,复制n次字符串x 1 j1 Q1 a% a+ ]in x in s,如果x是s的字串,返回True,否则返回False * Z z0 E$ s2 x3 u* A2.字符串处理函数 : V u1 `! W+ w- q函数 描述' K: U- q# g8 ~' f
len(x) 返回字符串x的长度,也可返回其它组合数据类型元素的个数% g5 `. u4 u5 l& x6 V W; Y
str(x) 返回任意类型x所对应的字符串形式' T8 v1 ~2 R k+ |/ ?2 Y
char(x) 返回Unicode编码x对应的单字符# \5 v1 ]& P- ]* a( _4 d$ E
ord(x) 返回x表示的Unicode编码1 ~7 |9 j6 B& I8 n8 ?* D. K4 ]
hex(x) 返回整数x对应十六进制的小写形式字符串 9 g k8 J' v2 Y8 soct(x) 返回整数x对应八进制的小写形式字符串/ U7 b# y3 w% D
3.字符串处理方法 U$ l4 p4 W$ v. j" R方法 描述! G `) ^% Y8 Q# E9 g3 O
s.lower() 字符串s全部转为小写 + G6 T4 V# V5 Z' P5 H4 Z5 Z7 H! Ps.upper() 字符串s全部转为大写 / U5 Y% V! z9 B9 P9 Ms.split(sep=None) 返回一个列表,由s根据sep被分割的部分构成,省略sep默认以空格分割 , [& d! ]- N& h, v# y& hs.count(sub) 返回字串sub出现的次数 0 T; l; D8 _5 As.replace(old, new) 返回字符串s的副本,所有old字串被替换为new9 ]0 Q# z% E; Q0 h6 c) T# h' z
s.center(width, fillchar) 字符串居中函数,fillchar参数可选 $ `5 P/ l/ k$ `. Z# p9 o5 X; ?s.strip(chars) 从字符串s中去掉咋其左侧和右侧chars中出现的字符 # O4 e8 ?) f5 D( O$ K% ~9 H# F# Es.join(iter) 将iter变量的每一个元素增加一个s字符串; [% K2 h( G8 P# @7 t" {
4.字符串的查询操作 ) f& p+ k0 S( {- X3 b6 n2 [方法名称 作用 / `% R+ X) K1 D! m0 }6 h! dindex() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常# k$ e- r8 l* v+ C
rindex() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 v) Q& k% f1 _3 Rfind() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1- e% j. A& t( y
rfind() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-14 L' b4 @! Z" P* x0 s D4 x
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index()查找第一次出现的位置 抛异常 7 y& `6 { W# V! ?6 N/ e# orindex()查找最后一次次出现的位置 抛异常 2 f+ _$ r. i7 g4 M8 Q- n " s, v3 [" w, E5 ifind()查找第一次出现的位置 不抛异常,返回值为-1% b3 f0 w+ Y4 M2 r$ }8 B+ n5 R; S( G
rfind()查找最后一次出现的位置 抛异常: N# \& l. E% d( ?4 t$ X4 T
''' ( r7 N' o, J' G) z ]1 G' Qs = 'hello,hello' E# Y5 W& Y$ Vprint(s.index('o')) ; \$ Z0 u3 G/ S2 P6 Eprint(s.rindex('o')) ) y/ P5 b( F. d/ qprint(s.find('lo')) 4 s8 ]6 _" e% x/ @% v) d+ }print(s.find('ui')) # -1& z# K( a! A$ C) X
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5.字符串大小写转换操作. u; x9 i) Y( w _; ?
方法 作用 / y4 R! V$ G4 J4 a7 M6 P3 xupper() 把所有的字符串转换为大写字母 5 q. C/ l8 [ n& klower() 把所有的字符串转换为小写字母& W" V' b! N6 h0 ~. e8 U' c; t! K
swapcase() 将大写字符转换为小写字符,将小写字符转换为大写字符。 & L8 O, r. j: ]# [# D$ u) Acapitalize() 使第一个字符为大写字母,其余字符为小写字母% R D: d7 N4 \# }$ n0 b/ a
title() 返回字符串的一个版本,其中每个单词都有标题。更具体地说,单词以大写字母开头,其余都以大写字母开头区分大小写的字符小写。! ^- j& c% O8 `1 ?9 x8 n# q: e
# 字符串的大小写转换 , @' N. l, \) S; x# 1.upper()把字符串中的所有字符转为大写. g9 }$ E3 F" q( P0 e+ R, c- x
# 2.lower()把字符串中的所有字符都转换为小写: w6 Q! J# U* s2 o
# 3.swap case() 大转小,小转大* r' V' x' v% P3 g+ ]& _/ t
# 4.capitalize()把第一个字符转为大写,其余字符转为小写3 d& A/ Z$ M, T6 C
# 5.title()把字符串首字母转换为大写,把剩余的转换为小写 ; t) E, c$ Y9 U- I, r * W( [* P; }* _7 ~* _% l. N& `s = 'hellopython'7 s' r& P0 o5 Y( B% V
print(s.upper()) # 转大写& n- H9 U( r5 g3 U
print(s.lower()) # 转换后id改变,会产生一个新的空间2 F' x0 y$ m& q7 n
print(s.swapcase()) ) @4 x( u/ y/ Dprint(s.capitalize()) & @; R4 E3 [! w1 M; r$ hprint(s.title()) ; O' u) ~/ d; R2 c' h. U& D8 A# S! C16 R" g* R: l4 s* S/ Y# B) ]% k
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$ c# _0 m+ h2 U8 |, I: a6.字符串内容对齐操作方法9 A7 X4 e; m# N+ b4 N$ z0 ~0 m
方法 作用 / d1 x. ~5 ^: ?7 q; V& jcenter(width,'') 返回一个居中长度为width的字符串。使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 ( }- S. c2 S/ b8 s2 P" f4 Fljust(width,' ') 返回长度为width的左对齐字符串。使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 - R+ N. V+ f: G$ Krjust(width,' ') 返回长度为width的右对齐字符串。使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。- q+ Z" v Q+ N. n8 f, d6 F
zfill('int') 在左侧填充数字字符串,以填充给定宽度的字段。字符串永远不会被截断。 $ j# M9 E6 e7 o1 g' X3 Q4 a'''字符串的对其操作''' % T( F8 Y; v4 H" B# 1.center 居中对齐5 O' v4 y, }. r3 @6 E- X# m
s = 'hello,python'+ `* ~& ~+ {1 \9 ]2 Q! K% w
print(s.center(100, '*')) ; `' q; n4 g$ H; W& b) l& O 0 o; Y/ n# e. p/ m0 V6 U# 2.ljust 左对齐 1 M" v. d8 L6 Vprint(s.ljust(100, '*'))5 C) l5 p" o# D6 H
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# 3.rjust 右对齐 , u& ]4 r5 | [) Qprint(s.rjust(100, '*')) 4 \& _4 B3 `9 n# U4 [; {' K $ p/ _/ j- ?( L, J+ D# 3.zfill 右对齐,左侧为0填充 2 q! t- x5 a+ L% q6 wprint(s.zfill(100))5 A5 u; e/ u M7 Y7 U
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6 B% L/ S. d" S }- c7.字符串的劈分操作 1 ^( W4 K2 c& [6 P方法 作用 ( f( F; e7 a; K7 n, J/ ~# ysplit() 返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。sep用来分割字符串的分隔符。None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。maxsplit最大分割次数。-1(默认值)表示无限制。4 P' n7 N" U M3 q
rsplit() 返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。sep用来分割字符串的分隔符。None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。maxsplit最大分割次数。-1(默认值)表示无限制。劈叉从绳子的末端开始,一直到前面。 & e! b0 d$ k4 {% [) m# 字符串的劈分操作 split , O+ f- F3 O/ h* S% t" O# 1. split从字符串左侧开始分割,默认值为空格字符串,返回值是一个列表 4 M" M4 M+ ]6 C# 以通过参数sep指定劈分字符串是劈分符1 I: @- k; J* v
# 通过maxsplit指定劈分字符串的最大劈分次数) Y$ F3 N8 i! x d1 T