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标题: 函数大全(c开头) [打印本页]
作者: 韩冰    时间: 2004-10-4 03:02
标题: 函数大全(c开头)

函数大全(c开头) ; ?) G1 j( B0 }8 V+ f

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函数名: cabs ' R, Y" C- u: v1 g) S* }% j4 l: e 功 能: 计算复数的绝对值 6 M0 {5 y4 Q& [用 法: double cabs(struct complex z); 2 E. \% X* R6 O5 p程序例:

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#include ( ^$ g9 X D$ x1 c0 M( ]$ D #include

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int main(void) 0 E8 k0 m5 ^- B6 G{ + i; V: U7 v4 F9 T- x9 E3 @ struct complex z; ) R; s' P8 Q1 [! [+ } double val;

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z.x = 2.0; $ J% u( F; G5 |2 n, k% M$ ?z.y = 1.0; ( E- f9 M. ^$ y1 i4 E: m( o$ _. ~ val = cabs(z);

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printf("The absolute value of %.2lfi %.2lfj is %.2lf", z.x, z.y, val); 5 P; @1 U6 e9 |/ w1 P- j" Vreturn 0; 0 R/ f: ]5 M" K$ Y% s& l) B0 H } ( k8 e C& x2 Q2 o- s3 {( O) n$ |& G; p5 m; v2 P6 O5 n4 H ( }: U, j9 z" I9 w$ y3 ^9 z1 Z

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函数名: calloc 9 q: V7 o! h! I功 能: 分配主存储器 + H2 c8 w7 `, U 用 法: void *calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize); # b8 Z5 b3 F2 E( C程序例:

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#include 9 `' o! D/ y: H+ P) Y# n' z4 M #include

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int main(void) & b* g5 v8 k3 n& p. z { , c: P; _1 E8 p8 z. O+ L9 A4 t/ Q char *str = NULL;

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/* allocate memory for string */ + D- V% `' ^- i" J str = calloc(10, sizeof(char));

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/* copy "Hello" into string */ ( e' F9 r( q3 N4 c strcpy(str, "Hello");

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/* display string */ 0 ]& H9 }! U, W7 Gprintf("String is %s\n", str);

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/* free memory */ $ V8 q% [! X$ \3 x: Ofree(str);

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return 0; ! N6 p3 T. ]' q} - \7 S' B1 u1 m( {/ ^2 i$ g5 R! z ! Y8 N! j' R. Y$ x. ~& G/ r0 g+ W% v1 |/ o5 Y) Z

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函数名: ceil 3 X5 j8 h I3 Y' e 功 能: 向上舍入 & q) w) b% S- W* _) U: F, j3 E 用 法: double ceil(double x); 5 E' h: p+ N5 R; Y5 `8 R 程序例:

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#include - q$ _, }: j& f$ S #include

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int main(void) . o$ k' `) o3 j) K8 \; L; t6 x{ ) R2 x1 R* c6 }) W double number = 123.54; ! i- V, J7 L ~1 u double down, up;

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down = floor(number); + ]' s; K x, r, W% x# x4 V: c up = ceil(number);

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printf("original number %5.2lf\n", number); * W! y) a% d" _ N! b& s5 O! } printf("number rounded down %5.2lf\n", down); 4 v# R3 u' k1 }, k1 s/ vprintf("number rounded up %5.2lf\n", up);

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return 0; 3 n: s) Y4 T) T6 F1 Y} 4 E5 n7 \# S: s: M: D8 a0 L 4 ?. E' N6 @/ w( f S& T5 I" |! Q p6 K9 {

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函数名: cgets / P0 U4 E+ x) L; T8 L: }( e功 能: 从控制台读字符串 9 r- m4 o' d9 v4 l5 F 用 法: char *cgets(char *str); 5 j, ^2 ^* Y" w4 p" @3 n' @. O程序例:

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#include * e& ~( W/ M) W8 {$ c7 W' y#include

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int main(void) 8 B' V' L" p9 D( U/ a' l { 7 ^! a- n- N( h5 x' O+ o char buffer[83]; 7 S; h0 D- q$ ?; R) P! Xchar *p;

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/* There's space for 80 characters plus the NULL terminator */ $ z# L+ d( X6 C$ Q buffer[0] = 81;

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printf("Input some chars:"); + l' A6 J( R$ t; x" k7 C" wp = cgets(buffer); ) A6 @( U3 j# W; G% }printf("\ncgets read %d characters: \"%s\"\n", buffer[1], p); 2 j8 o3 {7 W! C: M0 K6 `: Sprintf("The returned pointer is %p, buffer[0] is at %p\n", p, &buffer);

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/* Leave room for 5 characters plus the NULL terminator */ : M2 N& i: T7 Y; E1 C5 s: b buffer[0] = 6;

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printf("Input some chars:"); ( w" P" B- ]! q5 z7 \- G" k p = cgets(buffer); - a" J/ L# o: i1 q' yprintf("\ncgets read %d characters: \"%s\"\n", buffer[1], p); # \$ K2 `1 m- p1 `2 T6 i printf("The returned pointer is %p, buffer[0] is at %p\n", p, &buffer); . U4 d2 ?, j! J1 n0 y return 0; % W9 e1 c" a+ J! A} ' U1 {: }8 ~" S4 v3 M5 \- Y7 R3 b3 V. h) z5 K" P: W ' h+ k4 b" w7 [: p5 b) \: S

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函数名: chdir 3 o# d' E! o4 G ~3 w% v8 R 功 能: 改变工作目录 ( E8 Q* G7 q8 r! s用 法: int chdir(const char *path); 7 K: n0 Z4 X; F1 d7 z3 X7 q 程序例:

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#include # r: \, I7 G4 O1 e) L #include ) N# D$ x8 {( K. [% I. s#include

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char old_dir[MAXDIR]; . A; `2 h# t/ l8 Y9 A char new_dir[MAXDIR];

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int main(void) ( ]8 u- m+ Q- v( R0 _& z/ L { . r( G1 g0 D+ d3 H) w if (getcurdir(0, old_dir)) ! d0 p# D3 x( {* x9 G, a{ 9 k3 Z8 F' O2 S! }0 R6 Xperror("getcurdir()"); 7 n2 e* ^8 W8 oexit(1); 7 L: R+ O# ?: j# W- I) G$ B } 0 S! i9 E% G( \8 I( \. S& jprintf("Current directory is: \\%s\n", old_dir);

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if (chdir("\\")) ' y7 R2 h4 ~; f3 ]/ C/ {. ? { 1 k/ I u; Y2 B# [/ a perror("chdir()"); , c$ y- e m' ~exit(1); 8 H: [* \) R, P/ R. Y }

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if (getcurdir(0, new_dir)) 9 ` _, b/ \3 P; y9 ^4 ]+ w' A+ `{ ) f% @" e. p3 \: V0 m1 m4 |6 S8 S1 Y perror("getcurdir()"); 2 D# X5 z% |2 C% t+ d! T2 M# Q$ l exit(1); ) T: f9 A5 s B5 C! p} # |1 H; Q& D$ C) X/ v* L! y* S7 v printf("Current directory is now: \\%s\n", new_dir);

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printf("\nChanging back to orignal directory: \\%s\n", old_dir); + {# N/ y" v8 W" m9 v2 [ if (chdir(old_dir)) 3 Q% k, K; h2 }: Z+ P7 R; K{ + }: j5 _' R' P U7 F0 J8 C% Yperror("chdir()"); : Q% R- C% L4 U$ \ exit(1); + Z# Q* |4 V# I }

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return 0; , D2 {# h9 J* E3 j X } 1 r" X0 ?8 @! O+ [; F ) p u5 L; W# M6 C0 @' q# c( I. t; q

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函数名: _chmod, chmod ) D: R) i1 Z, Z! |功 能: 改变文件的访问方式 7 B. s4 Q6 O$ e7 s) x% j6 N用 法: int chmod(const char *filename, int permiss); + U! J0 S) {3 l) F0 @# Q" S 程序例:

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#include ; `2 k0 x: }* P* J* _+ s #include 0 d" k' @# K0 b2 U #include

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void make_read_only(char *filename);

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int main(void) ' ~$ Q: p4 G# i( U' W { ) P4 k% l4 a9 j% C X make_read_only("NOTEXIST.FIL"); 4 p& G+ n2 }* r$ A+ z& ]& r& mmake_read_only("MYFILE.FIL"); , _# _- _' c' R; Z' S( K3 ureturn 0; / I- E7 u+ b }) y}

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void make_read_only(char *filename) # ^5 T3 u4 [$ t; L/ \ { $ O& a% e- d' d, M; Y! N" Fint stat;

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stat = chmod(filename, S_IREAD); , A3 n; G, g4 l' W$ i, h" A if (stat) & i$ i0 P, k$ Z printf("Couldn't make %s read-only\n", filename); ( m! i7 l" i) W else . ?% h% D" S3 I- c9 e) e+ vprintf("Made %s read-only\n", filename); 0 D7 `2 O c4 F } $ H4 o0 _8 g! s# R, M3 N9 m5 [" ~7 y" L a. p9 Y: X Y9 K! w0 s* Z Z2 E( D8 P

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函数名: chsize 8 Q D. p& }! B9 _& M2 c: e: |# V- Z 功 能: 改变文件大小 2 n; {- j) I0 n用 法: int chsize(int handle, long size); 5 J B7 \3 q& D; h 程序例:

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#include 7 `6 L& z4 @7 } #include 1 w7 E, L& m" o0 r; o#include

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int main(void) + {/ X2 Q/ X& `2 O{ H4 a) R( f% s8 W+ g- Y int handle; " C2 R! D8 E' A% B9 r, u char buf[11] = "0123456789";

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/* create text file containing 10 bytes */ ; M l. b/ G+ a handle = open("DUMMY.FIL", O_CREAT); 8 I; y% S7 ]5 E; h, n2 H6 f write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

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/* truncate the file to 5 bytes in size */ 7 I8 C5 g* j2 G* \. m6 U& r% N- Tchsize(handle, 5);

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/* close the file */ 3 ?% Y* J0 w; a8 Cclose(handle); + ?- Z1 ^3 I) E4 a( P6 | return 0; . \- g3 i: [2 J7 d1 Y( M} 2 c( i! f d+ [' C9 B1 j) S 6 H6 Q* u! J, A( K6 g; b: j( G

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函数名: circle # ~: o; A" F' m4 F 功 能: 在给定半径以(x, y)为圆心画圆 ; W" Q4 u$ A* n" z1 x 用 法: void far circle(int x, int y, int radius); ) ~# R1 a1 \, D1 _. D- Y2 z程序例:

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#include 7 c7 z$ v; g$ |4 j" E, Y#include - {# G$ ]3 q" ]7 a, e5 A# u #include # A7 p0 l4 r) x' _& h" X#include

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int main(void) ; b1 _4 v9 b* ~' v' q$ }6 f{ : @) Z0 g7 R7 y; ]/* request auto detection */ 8 ^& X! u# Q& {" o) H5 g2 Nint gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; $ C& Q, e9 K5 K+ p2 \9 L: f int midx, midy; 9 _* e) T% m- j' bint radius = 100;

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/* initialize graphics and local variables */ $ h- b: T% S" [$ vinitgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ . G+ e G8 b- R9 N errorcode = graphresult(); 7 h3 z4 j9 c+ Rif (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ . p2 M. c' U$ N ~# A' q* K: k { 0 a% K" W) v+ J+ Q printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); % t. [! [ L) C- f# R, V* y1 S5 `+ sprintf("Press any key to halt:"); 3 E1 {4 h2 P+ V getch(); 2 P+ m3 @- Q3 \) }/ l5 K exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ * G* ^% c# l+ J5 S }

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midx = getmaxx() / 2; e) m( i+ B$ D( J# w. F! m$ Vmidy = getmaxy() / 2; $ @, A: O# Y4 x$ Psetcolor(getmaxcolor());

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/* draw the circle */ : P: X7 `) C8 E. T$ h5 T$ c: n circle(midx, midy, radius);

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/* clean up */ 7 I/ n# V6 b) `; C0 N! P( t, ^ ngetch(); - J, ^0 P$ Y# [3 ]# [- i: Bclosegraph(); / _. E2 H. ^) T; j, H return 0; 9 M* F: y! {2 t5 D } : I/ E$ o% n& h- G2 t+ X- f + ~% g4 m& s: \/ t6 o& } 7 ], q& l: H A3 P; i6 k5 N/ t

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函数名: cleardevice 3 e9 j' h4 w. E# p 功 能: 清除图形屏幕 T4 R9 m3 a( y$ x2 B9 i( B2 X0 W1 G 用 法: void far cleardevice(void); / F& ?5 }6 M" s' z' s) \4 X( ^ 程序例:

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#include 6 u$ M& z# x$ y/ M #include 4 ~" Q6 s5 v8 F, F#include # n; r) A ]! j, f) ]#include

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int main(void) 6 K" ~7 f9 y; n9 b{ Y, s; C( @/ c9 E7 H/* request auto detection */ ; P& v9 S; {1 V7 _! S9 Z. t7 h int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; , \1 R! g3 U) |1 h- {, x. Zint midx, midy;

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/* initialize graphics and local variables */ 5 R% _8 v7 g& i8 E) t' u x, X. ginitgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ 7 g+ S: h N" n9 `% @) P errorcode = graphresult(); " F: E9 F" [7 c% i2 L; G9 C* o3 j if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ ' P4 o0 Z$ T$ X. A3 {8 o{ - Z7 n$ B* R8 `7 c. m( U* y/ Oprintf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); ' ]; V# T# }( X0 P$ _9 ?* M& P9 P printf("Press any key to halt:"); 8 H3 f: K6 z& y mgetch(); & \$ s: o7 S. b' E. g exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ % i. H0 V# m9 s% R; s: a+ m }

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midx = getmaxx() / 2; % w: C: @) F# ~0 F- b/ p: a9 p midy = getmaxy() / 2; ! A4 Q( E- l0 _) R$ ?1 U+ i( i setcolor(getmaxcolor());

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/* for centering screen messages */ $ l7 Y1 X# G) _; h2 Psettextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);

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/* output a message to the screen */ 8 V* F% l9 n: N& @+ m$ r: e P, Oouttextxy(midx, midy, "press any key to clear the screen:");

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/* wait for a key */ % W8 B" x" A( ?" u getch();

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/* clear the screen */ & _# C) E9 m4 S* scleardevice();

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/* output another message */ 5 X8 f; m& f. ~) P2 I outtextxy(midx, midy, "press any key to quit:");

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/* clean up */ 0 C7 k* _: C7 M: h9 Tgetch(); 9 `, ~7 z1 t( S2 ^1 a3 x& Gclosegraph(); . e- {6 }5 s) Treturn 0; ( s' c* I7 t8 D# w$ g3 ~} 0 K7 H) ]% t" J& b % ~( x: [1 Y+ x! Z! Q& ]3 a Z1 w 0 x o6 H# q: k0 S% L; M

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函数名: clearerr 7 s- k& P0 B" @: [7 p0 H: E 功 能: 复位错误标志 # A& ?$ o* P1 M) l用 法:void clearerr(FILE *stream); ?6 ]" d% V% W3 \0 Z8 Q) x+ g* y程序例:

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#include

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int main(void) % C* ~% g4 W+ \- t: ~{ - `3 V6 `3 l) p7 }. s. y' p/ p9 YFILE *fp; 8 {2 T8 O, K1 X) X1 Fchar ch;

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/* open a file for writing */ K3 U1 E" J& Z3 l, ~ fp = fopen("DUMMY.FIL", "w");

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/* force an error condition by attempting to read */ $ R8 p# J0 r5 ^( O! ech = fgetc(fp); : o/ w z* M% W& Lprintf("%c\n",ch);

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if (ferror(fp)) ; U/ M! K% Z* K1 m/ L4 O+ T{ 3 j/ o( A6 V* J( Z, S2 i5 [& \9 } /* display an error message */ : p& N+ G0 B/ ] T& x: k printf("Error reading from DUMMY.FIL\n");

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/* reset the error and EOF indicators */ Q7 j" N& Z0 q' J5 s5 [ F8 qclearerr(fp); % T& e' P5 @( s& e8 \0 Z# n2 J }

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fclose(fp); / O( l1 c5 g; j7 freturn 0; 1 p3 {5 Y; C: g- N} 2 T! b* e5 k, l$ K+ x" E! q7 r/ {- `: f3 h1 p " H. d. {' L: q# i

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函数名: clearviewport 4 f# m! u2 i7 n功 能: 清除图形视区 9 \$ M w( a2 J0 f8 j/ P' e 用 法: void far clearviewport(void); + f1 u9 l$ J1 s) s% b* k 程序例:

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#include # R$ L6 o0 t2 o$ t T#include , B* W+ }: N* z4 \- m: ^" ?2 ^; b+ l #include / i4 X0 Q& L- C8 m#include

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#define CLIP_ON 1 /* activates clipping in viewport */

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int main(void) / V; [3 Y) q7 j5 G. y% |{ 5 N( k. V7 L* d; `, m9 Z0 @ /* request auto detection */ 4 Q3 M. _' M" c# s& ]$ o8 Cint gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; . g, ]+ y2 U; U2 O int ht;

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/* initialize graphics and local variables */ , S4 u1 V! s! d: \7 q& N initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ 5 i5 V- r* m% L errorcode = graphresult(); Z) Z+ v& l; n$ |/ o9 m' _% F if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ ' J2 d7 T U0 F7 v/ k3 b* i { ) l$ T+ v* Q' ? printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); - h' a2 o9 ~0 {printf("Press any key to halt:"); ' Z' G" ~4 d$ T, pgetch(); ! @. p/ D. @* g$ V w l; c" ~5 ` exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ " B& `) S. j' q& Z; b% W1 P }

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setcolor(getmaxcolor()); 8 l2 i4 G/ S4 F8 n. e4 O [ ht = textheight("W");

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/* message in default full-screen viewport */ * m6 @. G5 J. K5 H! ~) j outtextxy(0, 0, "* <-- (0, 0) in default viewport");

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/* create a smaller viewport */ - q8 {* f0 z$ a6 c6 I$ psetviewport(50, 50, getmaxx()-50, getmaxy()-50, CLIP_ON);

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/* display some messages */ 3 J- a; a% i/ A- n0 @# f outtextxy(0, 0, "* <-- (0, 0) in smaller viewport"); % z. I. b6 o" W6 q! Y outtextxy(0, 2*ht, "Press any key to clear viewport:");

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/* wait for a key */ 7 h4 z' Y. q/ L) s1 V; y9 o1 k getch();

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/* clear the viewport */ ! Z* \/ ]" s* C# w! V& D7 lclearviewport();

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/* output another message */ # l9 B6 _& h" l0 H6 M9 h( w4 l0 Houttextxy(0, 0, "Press any key to quit:");

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/* clean up */ * p$ `; B$ f, x$ A5 v' k1 J- l6 ` getch(); $ @8 O& D" d; h4 j closegraph(); 1 [, t4 Z+ f. G! d( e" ~; Vreturn 0; ! @, I% i( s# b0 J( ^( i8 \/ d } ( Q' i; W6 c* u8 H& X+ j+ ~/ H+ B0 J 5 Z& H U4 d3 G P$ |; f3 Z7 K& ?) ?

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函数名: _close, close 9 P9 }& l2 l+ [5 m3 U功 能: 关闭文件句柄 , s/ m) d7 \. |0 t& ~% |( O9 g" U用 法: int close(int handle); 5 }6 ^6 v: c6 {( }% U; H! ] 程序例:

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#include 7 j q B/ C7 s! ^ #include & [4 r1 M, _5 a5 L3 Z/ Q" ]( U #include ' u) b s( z6 o- \ #include

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main() 8 {+ ]) O0 |3 P; ^$ ?% k { 2 J" }7 N$ A: w. o, A2 q: W5 \3 wint handle; ; g4 W; k; I1 x# ?4 A char buf[11] = "0123456789";

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/* create a file containing 10 bytes */ X/ k9 C. S- h: L5 a$ x3 t handle = open("NEW.FIL", O_CREAT); 6 L3 @# u+ m, _: G1 ^# G if (handle > -1) ; M7 |" ?" R( ^# W# ~ { ; [6 m9 T& a7 [# M% \: qwrite(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

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/* close the file */ ' k' ]. K/ f! {) B$ Hclose(handle); 6 O( E5 X+ l @9 }5 Z: r7 G4 W } ! p7 f/ o; D' ]% F( n( Melse 1 \ s8 n1 f. a3 R, G+ R( ^ { : ^/ i' f: @9 z( ^5 E& Zprintf("Error opening file\n"); ( h# M* N) x* Y% y} 4 m a4 w+ ^$ lreturn 0; 2 K( c' `8 {5 a4 v& T; {, m } # W, I- M! n. @# X" E6 x U k * _* f7 C L- w# t$ y; }) K- S; E% R & V* o7 f: Q- Y, w. M. {

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函数名: clock 4 x `5 _3 x: }0 M `% s6 X& X3 v功 能: 确定处理器时间 4 Y' D; K* P$ l" b) v 用 法: clock_t clock(void); ; ]3 T1 }- o/ a5 F" b* o 程序例:

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#include * O% G+ o" V4 \8 A, E8 w #include 8 D; A4 O1 R8 w$ `+ m1 i; V #include

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int main(void) 3 m& Q+ o3 a# a' ~' N{ ) S8 M/ S! V( C+ p1 Q3 [8 R clock_t start, end; ) ^8 x4 |" G/ M' V4 D7 v( U start = clock();

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delay(2000);

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end = clock(); ( n5 B0 B; }+ K5 _# u2 u printf("The time was: %f\n", (end - start) / CLK_TCK);

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return 0; * n/ x3 u. z8 G# k1 @5 h } 6 h+ |2 O7 _' Q4 j* E: R5 p n6 D6 D- u) w6 Q: _" }$ D! `5 A4 y b* m1 S7 s1 R9 {

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函数名: closegraph 0 v0 C8 E5 ]' H" H 功 能: 关闭图形系统 - G) [ F" C, `0 ~5 O用 法: void far closegraph(void); ' S, ~$ }" x3 O) F1 R$ y$ L5 x# a 程序例:

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#include 8 l: k& b% O: P L/ Y& b#include 1 B( Y# _: g X" F9 L/ w #include 7 I4 a' ]: B1 _; k#include

1 V" h0 G' A' \8 J7 J9 {/ i

int main(void) . q- [4 j% M8 [& J" R5 ^ { 4 R* E# {2 y, o5 g& r* z5 e/ ]/* request auto detection */ - p' k% ~5 `, B# C; l int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; 0 I7 a5 P3 h7 D( e" b4 r, a int x, y;

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/* initialize graphics mode */ " d: D5 i/ i& r" Y4 ^initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ 9 n; Z/ N) Y0 s2 B ` errorcode = graphresult();

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if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error - | ^: W7 C- r- m$ Q; _( P occurred */ 7 c9 Z$ [: d6 {. b. C { ; ?& q% m( L' u# y" F! @- ^9 k" i# \% I printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); 6 Y; O; B" v( Aprintf("Press any key to halt:"); 9 n4 p3 F4 @1 W: P- L8 Agetch(); * [; l* t l- Y% Fexit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ ) r. K* F% D. B}

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x = getmaxx() / 2; ' }; r% q0 B- b$ W, t2 ]2 h- zy = getmaxy() / 2;

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/* output a message */ : N2 I2 K' h+ L$ Z: `# @% d, X+ L settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); : G6 M" m9 e6 z% R$ eouttextxy(x, y, "Press a key to close the graphics system:");

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/* wait for a key */ ; V3 K5 f# O8 e. ?7 P7 `' ~- Z- T getch();

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/* closes down the graphics system */ $ p$ E* [( O8 L% ^9 Y. B! p: w closegraph();

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printf("We're now back in text mode.\n"); ) {2 R( }- s$ }$ t: A1 b4 ~/ ?% N& Q printf("Press any key to halt:"); 3 L: n, v; e3 T' N# e getch(); , A6 x8 T4 l7 O5 y( E; V2 s6 }return 0; 5 R, p3 A, a, w, h. a} , b* L6 e7 i: y% |+ d3 o % X; U6 c7 |- Y. `+ @. s 8 s u4 ~* w+ Q+ B* q

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函数名: clreol 6 p/ |9 S8 m. G6 b5 D5 O8 E& I$ M功 能: 在文本窗口中清除字符到行末 9 D- ?% ~1 g( h Z3 j' d8 H# L6 L4 ]: _! ^用 法: void clreol(void); $ F- \* A) K% k( c/ } 程序例:

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#include

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int main(void)

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{ ' m Q! \2 H9 V. Q. B2 U# J7 r clrscr(); ' ?- c0 O/ c/ A; s, ~) G7 B1 s- B1 P# Mcprintf("The function CLREOL clears all characters from the\r\n"); # {4 j( Y" \+ m# }7 W) l# ]cprintf("cursor position to the end of the line within the\r\n"); ( }- s8 A; | `8 z cprintf("current text window, without moving the cursor.\r\n"); 2 b7 m" _9 L4 r' Z( tcprintf("Press any key to continue . . ."); ' C6 C/ v) z$ j) J: u& C* p$ Dgotoxy(14, 4); * E/ Q4 @, M/ P$ c8 E' ] getch();

T$ x) b b5 U+ M. O( ?. z& |

clreol(); ! O: _3 P4 t4 X getch();

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return 0; ( I$ q. k& i2 H, Y0 E T: {5 b } - P. _ V W* r& c! m& { ( S- f$ E8 }( _! ~) i3 H0 K( z# k& P2 u

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函数名: clrscr - R+ V* Y! p! U4 r9 Z: R 功 能: 清除文本模式窗口 + \4 E6 s$ T! G; b& I+ N0 q 用 法: void clrscr(void); ( R6 U+ h4 G4 n9 F- ?6 I* X' q4 t" ]7 k程序例:

7 U4 f) s/ s7 Q1 u+ S4 W: ^9 z

#include

9 ^+ y3 E' E. J3 D4 u% m

int main(void) 9 t7 Y- g* m1 J2 P- d{ $ p" g$ w, l1 a9 u3 g6 Y9 Q int i;

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clrscr(); 5 ?. \5 Y1 V8 H2 j5 F for (i = 0; i < 20; i++) ) M) \/ f4 s, x3 G3 @- ], _cprintf("%d\r\n", i); * q) S, z' a0 e0 o4 d0 U+ jcprintf("\r\nPress any key to clear screen"); + h9 I" {- G& F/ }% z) {' e; rgetch();

8 e- ~9 w4 [" \) e

clrscr(); , w6 w0 H, k1 N$ c$ P5 B4 Tcprintf("The screen has been cleared!"); ' U1 T t/ [/ Z6 v( ~, zgetch();

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return 0; ! S9 Q+ K1 j; S7 b V- r, ?" `$ i } - k3 x5 ` D8 n; A( u( v9 i8 Y; E / Q, I# S* \5 o Z3 U+ y1 O' \ 2 e* ?) D- A4 @4 s" m

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函数名: coreleft # v- z1 W# B, w; h/ U; O) z5 D功 能: 返回未使用内存的大小 ~0 [) q4 \2 @( E用 法: unsigned coreleft(void); d5 ~4 Z+ h- I' [! Q1 |程序例:

# K( R' W; `9 o, w

#include C- Q- z7 _* u8 n* n#include

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int main(void) 2 P1 l$ q P& d& J* ^ { $ ]5 G! k! w0 t printf("The difference between the highest allocated block and\n"); ( i3 |# ~0 q1 @% l+ O) M. ~8 J& A% X3 z printf("the top of the heap is: %lu bytes\n", (unsigned long) coreleft());

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return 0; 6 t" [$ i" i& v } / s# b* b6 c3 o9 f$ v1 T' G- [

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函数名: cos 5 m* E6 r9 ?, l3 W u! Z( H* T0 q功 能: 余弦函数 $ C/ K C, q; F; ], l: E 用 法: double cos(double x); 6 Q8 B% T" e' i* q( Y 程序例:

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#include 6 z) \" K4 Q' I3 ^. c0 Z3 x4 C: h #include

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int main(void) # c4 M& @( U* z: B2 i5 m2 q* X{ + i0 U) n2 y0 d) o7 ?( Y" }double result; 8 o* _; U7 n. E/ ^) p5 k double x = 0.5;

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result = cos(x); & x/ i; F0 X5 N2 N printf("The cosine of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); + b7 a4 R9 L3 Oreturn 0; 3 K. c% @( y0 G' ?& u" p } 1 [1 U1 A( O9 G , d! E0 o( U# k+ X + g# \9 Z% L: {9 O

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函数名: cosh : D/ ?! C* @4 ^3 o9 H9 ?# I 功 能: 双曲余弦函数 9 b6 K7 M3 m3 y; r用 法: dluble cosh(double x); 1 [4 {1 y7 H4 B# L/ i0 d 程序例:

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#include . Z( H6 }( y& Y6 a4 [#include

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int main(void) . B" {# |% e; ?4 p$ E; }{ 4 u3 i/ i" O ]+ O) B' j& kdouble result; 2 |" Q m" Z8 s# w5 q double x = 0.5;

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result = cosh(x); h8 S! k/ m3 t3 m/ X' I$ @ d) \printf("The hyperboic cosine of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); + P' v+ C; \ b' J. j+ mreturn 0; ( w/ L5 ~. c9 m* |# n3 H8 N } - c) B0 s+ Y: ^9 a6 ~, t5 h" o6 a3 Q E, v8 a7 q( O; Y5 v! n

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函数名: country * h; x/ T) b' y4 i8 L7 { 功 能: 返回与国家有关的信息 ) `9 a: {' f6 z( j: Q, S 用 法: struct COUNTRY *country(int countrycode, struct country *country); 6 ]1 Z5 c/ g M$ A程序例:

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#include . m+ _' O7 F7 A! A( g* V# M: w. ~ #include

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#define USA 0

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int main(void) 3 t0 @% J5 C5 j- a# \$ W0 S { / C9 d: k( r, ^% qstruct COUNTRY country_info;

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country(USA, &country_info); 4 G4 f) \0 }/ `# q$ ~$ @0 ~" p" J0 _ printf("The currency symbol for the USA is: %s\n", . X1 d" T& Q/ b" b( K country_info.co_curr); * X5 e4 \( C1 W4 g2 Lreturn 0; ! s, [7 C0 X; S& Z- U } + R* m( Z7 [0 b) e. v* [8 _ # i. W- }( G* i) v; V' \. u/ e' o, ?8 i! j

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函数名: cprintf ; Y7 d- B# l/ h. C, I* V1 e功 能: 送格式化输出至屏幕 % w! Q8 @. B4 Y7 y$ E( _* I+ U 用 法: int cprintf(const char *format[, argument, ...]); ; w+ j2 f5 B6 `- W m程序例:

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#include

# i& u# q; u. H- ]6 e: f, O& w

int main(void) - C% n8 E/ Y# q' {3 p { . | \! k7 `; q, D5 I3 l /* clear the screen */ 5 |. N: j( i( T clrscr();

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/* create a text window */ : {/ [2 b# T! `9 \+ d" xwindow(10, 10, 80, 25);

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/* output some text in the window */ # R" \% m6 U+ |- K9 q cprintf("Hello world\r\n");

# h* }) I* S. K/ V

/* wait for a key */ # S4 w1 V3 k0 X1 Y, q1 D, ^: p# T- e getch(); + e" U6 i. n0 f- L2 nreturn 0; % @- |/ w9 ?* V& M- {7 B } + T! Z0 b+ i8 t; U0 e( c . S8 \; U) |/ p+ o0 r6 y# d5 R1 [ ; y* R8 E8 \, Z& ]4 o+ c

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函数名: cputs 4 J* w& \- [6 L7 u& v; Z功 能: 写字符到屏幕 8 P# r2 l2 s' q# g3 h& t. A+ e 用 法: void cputs(const char *string); 3 z! g3 A/ T0 _" k/ @7 u程序例:

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#include

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int main(void) " T* ]& l; \; [/ t# }{ 5 C+ T# B0 q7 i* y/ J /* clear the screen */ 5 S- y" g1 o- {8 v5 |. f y& { clrscr();

9 B4 q7 I) v! L/ l+ A- j0 e

/* create a text window */ % V; n- \( t- _" A9 ~) Q window(10, 10, 80, 25);

6 E7 [. J3 \% x5 ^

/* output some text in the window */ 0 j6 z* U \ r+ c: P5 Z* | cputs("This is within the window\r\n");

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/* wait for a key */ 9 t" [% L! e, K9 c; O& Egetch(); # E: d% R& o/ U) l$ M return 0; ! v, Q8 }0 V& l} + J+ |* }2 w# Y9 @7 a5 V3 `2 O) {; @4 ~& |# t, u' |) Y# ~ ; P) d1 y! I# ?! F9 z2 u+ G

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函数名: _creat creat 7 M, C+ G- {- Z! C. j 功 能: 创建一个新文件或重写一个已存在的文件 5 M R8 v4 O% A 用 法: int creat (const char *filename, int permiss); ) n" G6 o. H w# m$ v- Y+ o 程序例:

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#include 4 {1 X4 S% x) n" K R- y+ H& T% d #include 7 k# ~, D/ I4 ` #include $ v! v5 x; e3 X3 J #include

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int main(void) / A K) @" k+ h2 j { 5 B7 E8 ?8 \- t, w; `/ s/ Wint handle; $ V+ P# s2 l2 i char buf[11] = "0123456789";

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/* change the default file mode from text to binary */ % u' V. f& P$ ?: C k' M* P5 q8 r/ U _fmode = O_BINARY;

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/* create a binary file for reading and writing */ % y( T/ T2 f" n9 G3 @6 r: [% j handle = creat("DUMMY.FIL", S_IREAD | S_IWRITE);

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/* write 10 bytes to the file */ ) D$ `/ y! a% A6 d3 T write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

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/* close the file */ * A8 a6 f6 y9 s% T0 r# ]0 L7 v+ R close(handle); + [! X; X9 @& U% ?7 ]/ H3 K" N4 p return 0; * h/ z( [5 J0 x } , x& _# E# d) Z' w: Q

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函数名: creatnew 1 `$ e$ w$ c$ c* H1 @8 C* ]功 能: 创建一个新文件 2 Q# M1 j* r# f; s4 L用 法: int creatnew(const char *filename, int attrib); 6 i( b. g0 _! s+ y程序例:

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#include 1 |' r* h( A$ y#include 0 s) q$ Y2 m& P #include & G% M- I8 z# E/ C. A#include 4 U h: H( g, @1 ^3 B2 y #include

2 W6 l0 b6 m3 Q% f

int main(void) $ F- a. w7 A/ \7 G{ 2 z& T& }" s. Aint handle; + k' L+ ~ y( N( mchar buf[11] = "0123456789";

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/* attempt to create a file that doesn't already exist */ & @ s" _( F. I$ Q* g5 L4 k ~: a handle = creatnew("DUMMY.FIL", 0);

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if (handle == -1) * g' f4 U# N% a3 k- C) L) t/ `8 vprintf("DUMMY.FIL already exists.\n"); 7 p* G/ I0 T" Y- j* ]else $ w, T; M# f$ _+ j7 F { / F' ~# Q @ x- b7 V) a5 s) g8 W printf("DUMMY.FIL successfully created.\n"); 2 \, }4 Z% M$ _4 d; I; `/ j/ [ write(handle, buf, strlen(buf)); 1 F6 G- _5 A* f, f3 X close(handle); . Q& ?* Z0 B) N& f/ r6 N } 8 z# g/ S7 g) w1 ^! Y; a. ~ return 0; 8 O" m1 J; G" g& O9 i- M/ V) r } ! E$ E( [1 {1 ^6 a+ J & H- R8 [# [# B+ p5 b- e; w " Z; k( |6 t- Q2 d5 O/ @, W: I& H' E# o

; [$ a4 K# `' s9 y- M1 }

函数名: creattemp / j: S0 ^$ q+ |3 d' ~ 功 能: 创建一个新文件或重写一个已存在的文件 + j( V& m% v* f- j$ C用 法: int creattemp(const char *filename, int attrib); 6 ]! k# Y& v( G) V程序例:

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#include ' \9 Y$ u# H, b9 h/ y( p#include : H7 p% M( o: U! v; j% i& R* y #include

6 u2 P) v- F2 a

int main(void) * Z6 P! D) B7 }) u8 c& ?$ m { , B* A1 C5 X4 ]2 S int handle; + D) {- I6 e8 }2 hchar pathname[128];

]9 d; N$ x% C m. [/ d8 l9 \

strcpy(pathname, "\\");

6 |! z. h2 L+ A* u6 G+ S8 H

/* create a unique file in the root directory */ 4 @3 P1 R+ i+ o" ~ handle = creattemp(pathname, 0);

5 G/ Q5 \& Z& J" {

printf("%s was the unique file created.\n", pathname); 1 s" B3 N( }! kclose(handle); : S% _ H# W0 H( nreturn 0; ( T$ F$ L \9 G& ]! Z# \5 {' S" ~} * I) J0 Y! I& l8 c; e$ ~ 7 r( S' i8 C* G( e6 B0 h1 h+ {+ X* u! x+ g1 k% e/ S7 x

5 f: K% @9 ^+ }& g$ @1 j* ? x

函数名: cscanf m; U6 U( H( `/ i功 能: 从控制台执行格式化输入 % i7 ]6 y9 }+ x% ~. V, x用 法: int cscanf(char *format[,argument, ...]); 6 F+ N( y. q7 k( O% O' y# h 程序例:

7 j- h4 a) A6 ~! i* }6 ?5 j

#include

% W% t7 u& I1 U! p6 E; ]- P( M+ Q$ ^6 H

int main(void) + F p9 ~# X! O6 ]9 |{ 0 {& t8 Z8 ~9 l2 `6 U2 V char string[80];

! V4 n- z. B/ J, Z4 d

/* clear the screen */ , K8 q; y$ q6 S9 |: P2 _9 rclrscr();

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/* Prompt the user for input */ ; K4 \- i5 Y. U" } cprintf("Enter a string with no spaces:");

" F# T- j/ {" _

/* read the input */ , [7 l, C' W- Y1 V) v& F Wcscanf("%s", string);

& j: \, W, C7 s" w

/* display what was read */ : t# u8 @+ _3 R; Z4 x& Z" l cprintf("\r\nThe string entered is: %s", string); " ?# E0 v$ z1 I, K6 Lreturn 0; + G0 H. A: X2 T! N } : S0 H. L" P( |: j. J ! M; v5 e: [0 D 5 x+ j2 @ A( A& K$ e5 ?

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函数名: ctime : c, T- t% r& \" t+ y功 能: 把日期和时间转换为字符串 I. ^; A9 Z7 |用 法: char *ctime(const time_t *time); 6 F" V9 E8 y% P 程序例:

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#include 0 v- Q# ?# s( [6 \1 X#include

; Y9 b( p! t* B! N" d) b$ ^# a9 x

int main(void) , w* |( y L+ F% v& m; N8 B{ , D, R6 O/ Y$ g4 Z. O$ ktime_t t;

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time(&t); ; L% u9 g* J7 S printf("Today's date and time: %s\n", ctime(&t)); $ Z9 s$ t1 Z2 P2 i. U* \ return 0; $ r( [5 F# L c1 U* ]! U } - t. x! R7 _ e, C4 y3 Y7 e 8 F$ e" E: [2 [: r# I. m : L( y. _5 w. G7 O* e. {

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函数名: ctrlbrk , r4 [8 E* _8 T' S) g 功 能: 设置Ctrl-Break处理程序 % i0 M# i: V+ z& |. C- y# N; ?" T 用 法: void ctrlbrk(*fptr)(void); + P9 r5 ]( ^% E9 x程序例:

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#include : N! j6 C+ w( Q. g$ f; w* p, w#include

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#define ABORT 0

2 }3 W$ ?8 Y$ A5 j+ g2 m

int c_break(void) & r; @: L% |$ q { . H- _! b) B" }) Y( m8 O( {printf("Control-Break pressed. Program aborting ...\n"); : Z/ D1 v+ t4 l. ~return (ABORT); 4 Y6 K8 E- t; v& b1 ?}

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int main(void) . F* k8 H# ^. x1 ]8 D8 e9 r% C% F { # w0 Y. q3 \( F1 O$ Hctrlbrk(c_break); 6 `6 g- ^# o9 j9 } for(;;) 0 L" u! Y6 J2 ~! I Z { 9 m6 v* {; ]9 w printf("Looping... Press to quit:\n"); / x F% f9 P+ ?0 {1 V} * Z8 L. }' p4 ?7 {8 }' @3 } return 0; ' X& v2 z9 Z* Q$ w}

作者: zjf    时间: 2005-3-20 20:26

[em49]

谢谢啊

作者: chenlk    时间: 2005-4-9 16:39
有价值！
作者: xxb1922    时间: 2005-4-23 20:12
这样看太痛苦了，还不如去下载一个专门查函数的软件，我就有一个
作者: xxb1922    时间: 2005-4-23 20:13
这样看太痛苦了，还不如去下载一个专门查函数的软件，我就有一个
作者: gssdzc    时间: 2010-6-14 13:02
还是感谢分享。。。
作者: hjl19890710hjl    时间: 2011-10-19 15:24
特别感谢



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