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标题: 函数大全(c开头) [打印本页]
作者: 韩冰    时间: 2004-10-4 03:02
标题: 函数大全(c开头)

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函数名: cabs % T; j; p$ ?3 I4 G" c' ` 功 能: 计算复数的绝对值 & B6 \9 J* R. C0 x& I+ }用 法: double cabs(struct complex z); 9 n' g s8 q& L+ f& ]! L8 R 程序例:

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#include % O) G& {4 ]/ z4 G8 K) z#include

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int main(void) ( Q1 j2 T$ R7 I q { 9 k1 F9 E# d5 ^" g. ?. fstruct complex z; + S* j1 O; V. m9 g) k3 B, l; b double val;

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z.x = 2.0; # S5 D2 g2 J6 w1 i6 ~: @z.y = 1.0; 1 }( Q+ k) Y* w3 o- o. yval = cabs(z);

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printf("The absolute value of %.2lfi %.2lfj is %.2lf", z.x, z.y, val); $ e1 [% a/ X# o6 u1 S9 X- l return 0; & V* w. A# t4 T% P" M8 ~( r7 V } + L# `5 D& }: Q0 ^. g5 g 7 y6 p5 @8 n) K J `5 \; w% A5 ?/ R# Q2 F7 i% B0 P7 }1 x

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函数名: calloc 7 f! j& k0 ?' R 功 能: 分配主存储器 . x$ g8 J; Y1 F. \8 G 用 法: void *calloc(size_t nelem, size_t elsize); ! c ~% w: [$ g' Y$ Y 程序例:

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#include 1 g$ m- \* R/ C+ t$ }* @#include

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int main(void) ) I4 e6 I( b5 x( v. g( }* S { 3 s9 s% C4 p0 i" | char *str = NULL;

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/* allocate memory for string */ . w) t% {/ W" T0 G5 j7 `! @str = calloc(10, sizeof(char));

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/* copy "Hello" into string */ : |( e- M/ J: R strcpy(str, "Hello");

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/* display string */ 9 K3 O5 X6 p. _% _9 Iprintf("String is %s\n", str);

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/* free memory */ ' C. X5 j& r1 i6 V, C free(str);

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return 0; * N Y t/ F" V+ c5 k } ' e- O2 m& D: V& O7 J& ]8 n ) w# H) m% I6 O% v8 @ : F1 |( M% J9 c% Y6 H& ^

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函数名: ceil 1 _& a4 }( B; Z5 x4 P+ O: E" c功 能: 向上舍入 , D, V' l7 P* I* b 用 法: double ceil(double x); . W! M# \1 S3 Q程序例:

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#include / e4 J O9 q5 c& k g: K#include

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int main(void) ' s, c6 q4 X. c5 S8 }4 x& h { & t2 |- v( J& y. `' q6 @double number = 123.54; 2 u2 d% V6 f7 K: J9 Rdouble down, up;

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down = floor(number); 2 i5 p4 p5 m, d: o up = ceil(number);

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printf("original number %5.2lf\n", number); $ B4 R% o- |6 i8 Xprintf("number rounded down %5.2lf\n", down); ' N; \* V4 r' J7 Q6 b! P printf("number rounded up %5.2lf\n", up);

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return 0; # p9 M$ h3 h$ Q( b} ) D) Y7 s8 x+ A, {# a0 e7 V, }& i* {( i 1 e% C: m8 Z: Z- @% w) V

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函数名: cgets ) j- @6 R: U# ?' G: v9 h8 I功 能: 从控制台读字符串 ' X( o$ q$ L6 n; J, E- Z# N* g! O用 法: char *cgets(char *str); 2 u: i7 A! r& x- s 程序例:

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#include % k, k. s( q+ F2 [#include

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int main(void) 5 ?) r( f0 c' |- B9 F& i% H4 {{ 2 G5 Z4 k$ U- uchar buffer[83]; 0 P& D* y, M& I" k2 K$ _3 gchar *p;

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/* There's space for 80 characters plus the NULL terminator */ 9 B( z# q$ B |8 Nbuffer[0] = 81;

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printf("Input some chars:"); 8 F/ f" h) x* M, g0 Y0 u- }p = cgets(buffer); $ k; h- t4 e' _5 Y1 z( y+ |9 U printf("\ncgets read %d characters: \"%s\"\n", buffer[1], p); 7 w: M) {# I0 r. q8 X printf("The returned pointer is %p, buffer[0] is at %p\n", p, &buffer);

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/* Leave room for 5 characters plus the NULL terminator */ # i7 b% p* b. z) k! N$ R buffer[0] = 6;

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printf("Input some chars:"); , R& C N$ u: H/ Tp = cgets(buffer); 1 H* m" j' V u- ? printf("\ncgets read %d characters: \"%s\"\n", buffer[1], p); 1 T+ e; f2 u2 W8 X7 ~5 Q5 G printf("The returned pointer is %p, buffer[0] is at %p\n", p, &buffer); 3 ^: c( g/ t5 E1 X d' X" Y return 0; 0 V# a# E, z" `" f2 A/ ` } / t, y4 Z9 q: ?% Z( g) W 3 a; ]% g( B( U : S, T3 S7 s- x

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函数名: chdir * T- g( x2 f& a$ B. s3 f) }8 G5 _- f功 能: 改变工作目录 ! I [% ?9 [6 I$ z用 法: int chdir(const char *path); ! B, L1 ?/ J5 t( J+ }. r' k 程序例:

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#include 0 {& Y; y, y" z; t! q; W #include ( C" N# \& N5 I @3 Z#include

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char old_dir[MAXDIR]; 0 N/ o1 F( y' }& S; }9 A6 A- qchar new_dir[MAXDIR];

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int main(void) 5 d; A& z' E9 z9 [) u{ & q0 g4 ?- j1 {' U J! mif (getcurdir(0, old_dir)) ( m5 b( T% m+ p/ F$ [* x- \ R { : U- a8 [$ X2 ]( q# Bperror("getcurdir()"); - ^6 l' Q5 t0 X7 L% F- B3 e+ dexit(1); * D: z% N- [. t$ K% M} ; z" c- g+ b- x4 a0 wprintf("Current directory is: \\%s\n", old_dir);

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if (chdir("\\")) 3 m# G; p# D$ p3 Y" w{ : |, W$ ^( H: m1 p* u, X! n perror("chdir()"); + r A# w0 Q- Z. M, U exit(1); ! c# C8 g" A8 f$ A8 n d}

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if (getcurdir(0, new_dir)) ! G' G% L; C9 b9 M { % s9 K4 X2 a+ r4 y3 S, W' W perror("getcurdir()"); ) z5 g& M K, |4 eexit(1); , Y3 Q( }/ W, B0 H7 F } * a9 n0 }" p0 Q% }* G printf("Current directory is now: \\%s\n", new_dir);

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printf("\nChanging back to orignal directory: \\%s\n", old_dir); p1 P7 G% Q5 f if (chdir(old_dir)) ! l+ \2 D* j1 ~* |+ R9 V { : ?6 [4 Z) S7 o1 V- U5 ^ t perror("chdir()"); " T7 q1 e! _' [$ G exit(1); 3 C0 U9 G8 c, j$ Y q: J, A" q}

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return 0; 0 V& h) T4 {% o+ [0 H } 9 }# [# m' \) ]( \ G3 G* H" a/ _, @! G7 Q

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函数名: _chmod, chmod & J! h7 t$ |' \- J% l 功 能: 改变文件的访问方式 & T* `1 c, E( w+ c5 h 用 法: int chmod(const char *filename, int permiss); 1 i- ]- h* ~' k. \- L* f1 K& b+ b1 x 程序例:

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#include 3 ?4 t/ n1 ?1 P. s1 b# b#include + v8 Y1 }& w, o3 G#include

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void make_read_only(char *filename);

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int main(void) $ V# M9 [! S( ] { 5 k' i/ d5 l/ Y* \0 |6 zmake_read_only("NOTEXIST.FIL"); Z0 W. ^) u1 h r/ I# X' N0 _* O make_read_only("MYFILE.FIL"); 3 `( j& |- N0 Hreturn 0; 9 V- ^" V. A0 i% q' u9 ~}

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void make_read_only(char *filename) ' ?& p- p& a3 y1 \{ 1 b; B% A K* N" M; Cint stat;

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stat = chmod(filename, S_IREAD); ! D$ k( F9 x, F9 N6 p& D3 z1 D7 tif (stat) " j! {7 _5 K0 u; \- K* [# j. k) Eprintf("Couldn't make %s read-only\n", filename); * l( ~* t0 C3 V4 {else ; P* k6 y1 v% { L5 {6 c6 Xprintf("Made %s read-only\n", filename); 8 o# }2 l9 T7 e! A} . A+ b1 b6 u$ j& p2 d5 E- w8 y$ c! z/ P5 D g# i 6 P" T! P. a V. \$ G$ C" b) T3 H

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函数名: chsize 4 j. X; F: ?) y, f4 H% e3 s7 [& k, H( u功 能: 改变文件大小 9 d" ]1 B0 S% R( }! k b用 法: int chsize(int handle, long size); " j2 ^) o( i9 k6 D8 Q/ s9 ~3 l程序例:

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#include 2 a, g9 d3 I- L. X& Z7 |# t8 `; C#include ! H4 | N$ E9 T( K* |#include

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int main(void) + M" E) o1 X& y7 p% S& ?) |! y2 B2 j{ 7 X# H" U+ A: A! Kint handle; ! ?* Y; Q0 }' ~* u' n char buf[11] = "0123456789";

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/* create text file containing 10 bytes */ % k" z s& ~/ c0 y$ ^, f( ?7 s handle = open("DUMMY.FIL", O_CREAT); + q- U' G2 z% }& i) L ~" Vwrite(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

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/* truncate the file to 5 bytes in size */ 3 F* T) a; J; E! \% d5 x% H chsize(handle, 5);

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/* close the file */ . @7 J( E# u' D- S# @* E/ L close(handle); 9 t6 `% N/ Q. C" K: B return 0; ( u. v6 T- g3 ~) r } ! L1 d( }$ g4 o$ S) i- ~; X2 }$ V& e% u, M9 e9 c

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函数名: circle , y: A% d x! y% \ X% [( R 功 能: 在给定半径以(x, y)为圆心画圆 1 X8 X4 z& x: Z5 d3 V a用 法: void far circle(int x, int y, int radius); ) c4 z7 r3 K; \7 E& k程序例:

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#include 6 M2 @6 M1 y6 ?, }. f J6 O: t #include * {0 a# K7 Q# ?" c3 A#include 4 F& {6 U0 ~% H3 l4 U1 U1 d #include

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int main(void) ; u. P8 L' ]" B. q. _{ / y& J% y! b9 ?+ m/ f6 E2 n /* request auto detection */ . q. z, d! _4 J/ k$ V( } int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; : J. P& \! j; K- c" Eint midx, midy; 0 [5 W' x3 m$ \& H& `$ p& H5 zint radius = 100;

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/* initialize graphics and local variables */ * O% G+ \9 @, r; L1 W8 Linitgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ 9 ]4 ] g2 h: y# ^ \. }! Serrorcode = graphresult(); : _) ] g* h) W& t# g. ~ if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ : j$ f7 }- [8 O$ k{ 6 ?9 _$ Y n# o( u' p- t$ {4 L3 d; C printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); 3 P5 h0 q; z3 Y4 \9 N+ t Q ]printf("Press any key to halt:"); 7 u: Y8 m! B, |% jgetch(); N q2 @: H' o) R0 N0 I exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ , Y d2 K8 I( A- J% U3 G}

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midx = getmaxx() / 2; 0 i" P, M8 b, F: i. O3 G* p# T midy = getmaxy() / 2; ! x* s6 u2 G7 i6 X setcolor(getmaxcolor());

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/* draw the circle */ 4 B6 d4 @' g4 t9 o5 ?/ \9 \6 hcircle(midx, midy, radius);

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/* clean up */ 0 N. ^" X6 N, E8 Q8 s2 dgetch(); : y& Y# U1 ?' n# p1 E' }6 C& T& cclosegraph(); % S0 S9 H3 w2 a1 vreturn 0; ; _/ {; f+ C; D% W) f4 t4 Z } % m) k s; H+ ? 8 y6 ?! D1 v, A. ?. {* ^5 M & \7 p1 e$ u$ ^: L( {

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函数名: cleardevice # v' f7 g& b i3 L7 s: f, L( j功 能: 清除图形屏幕 ; ^+ j' Z( P* \" m/ d 用 法: void far cleardevice(void); / v8 X9 z+ ?9 h- g 程序例:

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#include 2 l# l+ R/ E! Q/ y5 s #include # N3 \9 l$ r% j* B, \#include 1 T/ V5 u; f- V+ B6 d #include

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int main(void) 9 m9 d% M% G9 M. T3 R{ : |1 P8 h+ H7 `) h+ r /* request auto detection */ ( ^# G! _( C, i int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; 0 D' q, N( l9 r6 P8 z) X int midx, midy;

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/* initialize graphics and local variables */ : { K2 H( b0 | J2 }. Minitgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ - O( w5 y4 z/ P7 U9 j# Lerrorcode = graphresult(); " L3 y3 @( {4 p- }+ J/ ^ if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ 7 t2 P' _# s9 s+ z8 v* \3 x3 O{ " X; r4 g5 T2 G" `6 ? printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); 3 {- A4 w) J+ V' z7 Rprintf("Press any key to halt:"); + A6 j1 w9 p- F. @+ P, a: ^getch(); 8 L- _1 W2 N* p3 e8 r# F% ]: Q# H exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ 7 T) E3 P0 D, D }

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midx = getmaxx() / 2; ) D" ?4 m( ~. ~, J0 W% n midy = getmaxy() / 2; 9 ~8 G4 z9 g' ]7 j- a2 j* O setcolor(getmaxcolor());

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/* for centering screen messages */ , z% u& T r9 o( I) a( _7 G( w& o settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT);

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/* output a message to the screen */ 4 f& L; a- b+ t2 v: Y/ f0 {9 r' Souttextxy(midx, midy, "press any key to clear the screen:");

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/* wait for a key */ % |- ~- ?8 d( Q" `- [' m+ x- Jgetch();

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/* clear the screen */ C! o* k1 Q; e5 ccleardevice();

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/* output another message */ 9 O: u( A+ c9 u- t; s, W% [2 b$ ` outtextxy(midx, midy, "press any key to quit:");

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/* clean up */ + w& k+ q+ k3 M% c2 x getch(); , v) \& M e' l5 n8 mclosegraph(); # u& e& r0 ~% W. dreturn 0; / h# G. T: H( {) r+ F0 y% F} 9 S- K3 }! p0 w% H0 d [1 E 5 c# C: U( a1 u# e- ^ : Z6 h" I# q! F6 `

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函数名: clearerr 8 ]. j& _. w$ v J9 v9 t功 能: 复位错误标志 . }1 E- D& S9 _ 用 法:void clearerr(FILE *stream); . {/ _1 K7 s3 n0 t; b6 H1 M 程序例:

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#include

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int main(void) / \0 r% }1 W. x! Y' d{ - E$ Y' _' |1 q& _1 e# _ FILE *fp; . I9 o' w/ p: F% Q7 ? char ch;

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/* open a file for writing */ ) _7 N, U& |# {3 f% }fp = fopen("DUMMY.FIL", "w");

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/* force an error condition by attempting to read */ 5 N3 B# R; C2 U2 G' i ch = fgetc(fp); 3 E- @) l7 g' aprintf("%c\n",ch);

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if (ferror(fp)) ( O* r% g) T& i( x$ ` { p/ V) v9 S- l* d /* display an error message */ - `7 u) `5 }- F$ M9 r) F* k printf("Error reading from DUMMY.FIL\n");

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/* reset the error and EOF indicators */ " e5 ~0 a7 o/ I clearerr(fp); ! l: K$ V5 |: H0 P" J }

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fclose(fp); $ k3 ^! ~ ]& t. c return 0; % n* o7 @" \+ S( f: I& C} ( t+ k6 ?2 l3 B( O6 [3 B0 q0 E+ n+ K z; G % _0 Y. e" K/ b: E# d

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函数名: clearviewport ) Q$ ^7 m( z4 \功 能: 清除图形视区 ' s/ v1 U5 U" L. U/ x用 法: void far clearviewport(void); ( f) u0 d$ {* c4 n 程序例:

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#include * s; w- r" o1 t x#include 1 P1 f' m% O$ {$ C* Z3 j4 B- m' x #include + }: i( Y- ^9 K' r; K4 A: ?( r #include

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#define CLIP_ON 1 /* activates clipping in viewport */

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int main(void) ) b" ~& u& k# i4 @ { ' j1 K6 n3 |3 R8 b/ Q- f% ?. p/* request auto detection */ 2 X7 r" O; Z+ k int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; - s; e$ k& C0 G/ r Oint ht;

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/* initialize graphics and local variables */ . M4 `* ?& d& A7 l. l. V- p+ p& minitgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

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/* read result of initialization */ + A- s9 I5 k1 }3 S* verrorcode = graphresult(); " q, c5 M8 T# S/ `& e6 w( Q if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */ / K! r7 F6 Y2 c5 z5 w: E; [9 ?{ 2 t7 q( [- d0 F5 wprintf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); , M6 j- Q: {1 n3 Q+ pprintf("Press any key to halt:"); ( H r& f: o; r8 c! D( X6 n+ K& igetch(); 3 T- b$ a, I K% M( m) q exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ z, U' W) X( C3 U9 |$ \9 m1 G}

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setcolor(getmaxcolor()); 9 Z7 D5 P8 X( z0 ?* J0 Q+ | Jht = textheight("W");

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/* message in default full-screen viewport */ + ]4 u4 R: b0 P* h+ G outtextxy(0, 0, "* <-- (0, 0) in default viewport");

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/* create a smaller viewport */ l0 m/ f) o c6 d setviewport(50, 50, getmaxx()-50, getmaxy()-50, CLIP_ON);

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/* display some messages */ 4 R1 m$ c9 L- x" y7 {; |' n) Y, X outtextxy(0, 0, "* <-- (0, 0) in smaller viewport"); ; u( E' S' D# c- Zouttextxy(0, 2*ht, "Press any key to clear viewport:");

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/* wait for a key */ & o- X0 W7 u. b+ D3 `7 t getch();

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/* clear the viewport */ ' ?* G8 g1 }* z- ?' R5 } clearviewport();

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/* output another message */ 8 e9 {' V. j. g& oouttextxy(0, 0, "Press any key to quit:");

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/* clean up */ 0 Y3 u+ p: ]1 s; i+ ? getch(); * B; n |1 u# e7 U- Y/ L# X& Wclosegraph(); ( B5 ~) V% [3 i9 ]return 0; 8 B9 k! Y* @, a/ n a } " ~2 i; W' b# f, G. X8 P) S& u; v% ` 8 t1 T9 K0 t$ |9 M; z : L0 ^# G+ X g/ m

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函数名: _close, close 2 v' p0 D+ j F+ Z3 |- F& m 功 能: 关闭文件句柄 , I- _8 Z8 q$ a% s; Q0 Q 用 法: int close(int handle); * q! d+ C. @( t! ?0 R* T% v6 Q 程序例:

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#include ) x$ y2 s- ?; E) H" }; b& p #include 9 u7 s3 m. ?- J4 Y% Y2 W! L! B #include . z5 Z. V/ I0 Y1 N #include

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main() : h( X b3 P7 v$ @ { % d1 p0 f+ a( ]. o. [1 P# Yint handle; + q0 I# H: ^ y' B: A1 a+ Y* m9 {char buf[11] = "0123456789";

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/* create a file containing 10 bytes */ , X$ b$ Z6 c' Y! uhandle = open("NEW.FIL", O_CREAT); # p, w f3 O. L5 M if (handle > -1) 8 M& N* D+ E. a% h{ # D: G/ L) X' p6 O) ?3 K2 ^write(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

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/* close the file */ 6 g" D R, V0 v9 j7 W, d4 Uclose(handle); / ^7 a6 k8 j0 i% x! u } 2 |" d" F- F( m4 k& [& ]0 i3 c3 i0 ~7 D0 ?else + l+ E9 X" Q2 r3 {- L2 R { 3 q5 g* W5 @9 y2 _printf("Error opening file\n"); ! q; q) Q) f9 k; G+ q. H5 o } . L1 d! I! \/ b# s c return 0; % F' e* `' N8 e/ j$ \; x; S5 x } 7 C7 K' G8 k, N8 P9 F; H* [8 ]& y 5 C# y" G0 ~6 _ S0 J3 ^ 9 p/ I+ L9 v3 ]" L# m+ [3 K5 M

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函数名: clock * a+ F f+ [( f2 R 功 能: 确定处理器时间 3 q: N' t5 x8 m+ I( { 用 法: clock_t clock(void); 8 z/ L& y1 G t* Z% }3 ]) A 程序例:

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#include ; P+ |! U' n# N* v# ]#include + t f5 Y& S( [5 j+ ^% m; ]2 g #include

: R& J, _8 u$ s* l1 h* u

int main(void) " W1 c: F5 X6 ]( F0 ?( b/ F{ 2 U. \/ \2 S. h- t clock_t start, end; e& ?% e, X: u+ y+ f5 gstart = clock();

# ?: z6 R6 H1 g, q" t7 h+ `

delay(2000);

5 R5 b5 [2 z+ S

end = clock(); ' f* |! q( [7 Y( i2 G3 f7 t+ zprintf("The time was: %f\n", (end - start) / CLK_TCK);

5 H4 C$ ~; T% s

return 0; / T6 O$ P. u+ y6 z5 ?# c } ' L7 I6 V3 Q* M e& B8 _6 p: A( w! v6 @& B7 F9 Q2 ]+ i- v! V! m 3 J; F; V+ X5 g& z( A( y

# R- w- a/ ^7 S, ]

函数名: closegraph ! n; `" X: F* h( k 功 能: 关闭图形系统 * M, x, L" v9 o O) [- {9 Q/ U; H用 法: void far closegraph(void); , @6 |# x+ N1 U5 j" [' y o+ z 程序例:

3 x1 m3 G( t, ~0 E d' E

#include 7 s/ \3 K' y; \( B#include & A+ f4 i+ b: S' @4 j0 D! ?4 a5 | #include 9 m! P& n5 ~$ F6 w #include

/ H9 n p% l7 n! U0 z

int main(void) 8 `9 K/ i. o2 u! Q{ , v2 ~! |4 z, S% Z7 V" b6 I9 D6 j+ U* | /* request auto detection */ 4 D4 R: c' Z: F P$ t' U int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; / H9 |1 _0 @. A! I: v int x, y;

* Z4 D) D# s! b& h

/* initialize graphics mode */ - @$ R O5 E2 h# w( t) a- s) x initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");

+ m' S, y+ ^+ @* Q( F S

/* read result of initialization */ 7 F/ i$ v% x5 z, e& Y8 \# ?+ p errorcode = graphresult();

- N$ _, P$ L: z' N$ E# z# ` e

if (errorcode != grOk) /* an error : K8 [' X3 S! l: T$ ^4 r9 c5 b: u occurred */ : m, H' s* G4 @ e{ 0 P& O0 k9 F9 N% c- R% z* u) n F5 c printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); 1 c2 m: `3 m, z+ Eprintf("Press any key to halt:"); $ ] b8 K' O( n$ E+ c" b6 M' q getch(); 7 p! z- z. b/ b/ ?% U1 uexit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ % \+ ~+ u( b! w}

8 Z% o4 [6 U1 @7 A/ t; x+ E0 \8 X

x = getmaxx() / 2; " }0 x- i+ F z1 p# S y = getmaxy() / 2;

+ E& b6 f; x' q

/* output a message */ . J$ T- ]9 o1 j! f7 A settextjustify(CENTER_TEXT, CENTER_TEXT); 0 _) ?2 a* ^, X/ c u outtextxy(x, y, "Press a key to close the graphics system:");

+ |$ g8 b; B/ x4 @5 B2 r4 t- r9 h

/* wait for a key */ 5 {5 ]5 b: K6 g/ O3 }4 L getch();

5 a6 C+ Z0 D; a% n

/* closes down the graphics system */ g7 E! S7 P/ x2 Aclosegraph();

( f3 a% y% N! R: p! J

printf("We're now back in text mode.\n"); . o# F4 ^ g# }3 j0 Nprintf("Press any key to halt:"); 3 h$ j3 \( M0 e, @. m getch(); ( ?6 D$ Q( E6 b7 _6 F) p2 a4 r return 0; * e; C6 P, V6 |: P$ j} ( D0 }9 `2 D- g2 T 4 i" n' J" r& E! t: N/ U3 B, v0 r' E

2 @' v* g" M" Y% H

函数名: clreol & h: Z4 c0 _7 a功 能: 在文本窗口中清除字符到行末 ! m1 g9 n0 ^9 t# s4 n' J用 法: void clreol(void); 3 R/ [. Y4 x) M# C/ }' ~/ q7 P- A 程序例:

5 D( A: x/ D; b+ @4 y2 P

#include

! B a2 K- ]" K

int main(void)

4 C( Y! S- @+ N" G3 ?1 y+ |: N

{ ( s2 @- V# g" M clrscr(); 3 p0 V* A! P- g# ?/ D4 ]3 E0 z1 l cprintf("The function CLREOL clears all characters from the\r\n"); 9 \2 o: V0 p, K$ [ cprintf("cursor position to the end of the line within the\r\n"); $ r1 i" Q, l# ]; _ V5 d a' vcprintf("current text window, without moving the cursor.\r\n"); $ v9 p$ n' o( ?4 R6 }9 kcprintf("Press any key to continue . . ."); % Z3 S9 s+ _; T* B1 ^ gotoxy(14, 4); 1 ?3 {9 p" m6 y. s5 v9 [ getch();

8 }4 Q2 j9 ?2 A7 t M5 S9 y

clreol(); / R. I& Q0 l% C4 N7 c. w6 h; ^ getch();

6 z x% [5 W4 z

return 0; + H( ]2 @- I0 l } " G. j/ Q: N5 L, a% W 6 G$ z' I. {, I* e+ ], X2 K1 q6 q* D E) i9 ]3 u5 Q

7 Y* ~: N- g9 ]6 _: h& {: c

函数名: clrscr ' U0 c2 w: c+ ~$ r7 f( C. r功 能: 清除文本模式窗口 ' T0 u2 K/ N, M7 @ 用 法: void clrscr(void); 6 t) o& Q9 n5 O 程序例:

# x1 d3 a G, N! m

#include

m3 g4 ` S, k& |

int main(void) : n2 c0 e( F, }3 N' @$ P: {{ w1 M% S, |; e! xint i;

: Q# }$ f' a$ m1 J: m. W. A

clrscr(); * m# G9 {$ ~: n1 ufor (i = 0; i < 20; i++) 5 @3 `, k2 S; t% S+ @; f! b( B( bcprintf("%d\r\n", i); ! J6 E3 F1 a" V" {1 O" l3 n% i: U G cprintf("\r\nPress any key to clear screen"); $ N/ |$ \; x* e2 [ U8 ]" Q getch();

5 n7 }( D( k1 s5 l- @

clrscr(); ! `- q0 k. N1 ~. y Y- Z cprintf("The screen has been cleared!"); & G" [! j4 s( {+ N- a/ U% B, z getch();

/ A: K$ c0 A6 U- b8 i# e9 @ A+ A

return 0; 1 K5 T6 s' i: c L. D } 7 Y6 Q6 Z# L& \1 R7 t6 t ! t9 U. F, P7 y9 [$ [9 Z % T5 Z5 f$ t5 r

6 B I: f% ?* }$ [, Y5 D

函数名: coreleft / ]2 F: Q9 c2 O 功 能: 返回未使用内存的大小 " P6 P. R' j' a7 ^7 @% x用 法: unsigned coreleft(void); $ N$ W% j, }6 n3 [3 ^9 C* ~程序例:

. Y0 n- y2 M: f {6 _% b& Y1 [; Y, D( r/ t

#include 5 w! Q* W1 G7 u) I' E#include

8 K8 o& E3 o0 E7 B0 q5 X* J

int main(void) ! S1 U7 ?8 Q) H% A{ : o, A2 _6 J" R printf("The difference between the highest allocated block and\n"); 2 w& C1 M+ a2 x/ [- Hprintf("the top of the heap is: %lu bytes\n", (unsigned long) coreleft());

# e0 l$ l+ y/ V

return 0; , v8 ^" k" t/ T+ j2 t2 Q} 7 {! ?3 ~0 Y6 V5 ` j

+ u- q3 m) a3 _/ @

函数名: cos * W2 k8 R) }+ p5 j6 v) C$ j( v/ S 功 能: 余弦函数 ! X7 j, s$ [0 |( b) Y+ q- Q- |用 法: double cos(double x); ( U: H" q, [0 x% _4 I 程序例:

0 o6 q: y& Q! y! O% N

#include ; y! Z1 P" v6 d#include

' l: z) p a2 ]7 P, g

int main(void) ) j' R/ z. r) Y" `$ R { ) b3 b8 y3 {! O1 J double result; 5 n- E+ L; R+ Y1 A. h5 e' _! N double x = 0.5;

1 s" c0 n" d1 {6 K% U$ Q

result = cos(x); " j* R. g# k4 O/ `, Z3 Bprintf("The cosine of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); # j) ^' x- ?' B; m" b/ |1 ^return 0; * e u3 b! K) u' \} W. u" g' }' H/ p3 b& d6 P4 ~# j% U7 p5 L* N8 \0 D' L ; j# q. ?) V0 G# r

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函数名: cosh : V; H' @' J+ w3 _" z8 b$ L; V% t功 能: 双曲余弦函数 - W& ]0 r& O- q! e9 Y1 A- X用 法: dluble cosh(double x); . w" w% P @' R* {( }, X程序例:

3 x* D, {0 @! l m5 T4 E5 L# _* L

#include 5 z( O7 I5 g a. K( F: [ #include

4 [5 Y* u" I- Y8 @ ]7 u. F

int main(void) . k- ]3 {& S, [' F) K2 T6 L6 i j { 4 s8 E4 l( h6 O: l( ^8 A- { double result; ' x7 q6 @% n" v$ D/ t2 t8 ?0 |! s% P double x = 0.5;

$ O& R: A$ t5 ?' x) w

result = cosh(x); 8 X e; F$ R6 R$ w" f printf("The hyperboic cosine of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); 4 K2 _/ b0 v# m. k# m, O T+ R( T return 0; 1 N/ P; |' R- {# e. j( ~ } . l8 `- A( Q! O7 g8 V! A ! t9 l/ _( a: Y/ R , ~3 f7 B$ L$ b) n* P) U

1 _6 U! O. w' h! O! K- r. O

函数名: country - s( o8 _5 ~0 z+ y1 E 功 能: 返回与国家有关的信息 + n+ r. m J+ m2 D 用 法: struct COUNTRY *country(int countrycode, struct country *country); * i3 f) W1 ` M9 P9 _$ a% w0 z程序例:

5 @+ N; u" ?0 s: T# E n+ S4 I6 W

#include / ]3 e+ u3 i" z4 t. `1 {* b #include

" J0 ?( [" E* S/ K [( N! M

#define USA 0

% R$ u* p, a8 l# B/ _9 u9 I

int main(void) " n, u. p3 K; H. s/ X{ 2 A. |, o" h9 kstruct COUNTRY country_info;

' F1 h: e' B. w; y9 B8 ~

country(USA, &country_info); 5 B5 ^& r9 _% g/ v6 h8 p; Oprintf("The currency symbol for the USA is: %s\n", * ~4 J9 ]! F& M0 Scountry_info.co_curr); 9 ^5 t! b( o4 ]3 Y return 0; * f3 x' C: r: M' c4 }0 Z } & U {! B$ N4 o4 Z % f% g* ^. \+ o& }& A3 a0 L/ e2 Q8 o+ b

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函数名: cprintf - n: Z/ U$ s- x- |功 能: 送格式化输出至屏幕 ) h5 F6 e }5 L: t; C用 法: int cprintf(const char *format[, argument, ...]); 8 f) A! \$ u" i( G3 E程序例:

1 T/ ?& B' ~0 X/ m- Z& Z. M

#include

9 {. t9 X. m+ c+ W( |2 [

int main(void) + |& [0 E8 R: l, D% ^* _0 m3 x5 A{ 3 X- Z% H( F) d1 E1 J /* clear the screen */ 3 v: ` k; m; G1 x; n9 W clrscr();

* m3 s1 x R0 S# p6 ]

/* create a text window */ + P7 E! ]6 `# C) f2 F. [ window(10, 10, 80, 25);

/ P' c& ^3 S0 T* f# k& Y! I: R

/* output some text in the window */ 2 ~' j# M c" k8 `4 g3 Tcprintf("Hello world\r\n");

; y! [3 s" A6 A3 r. W

/* wait for a key */ / l9 h8 z; N& n+ H/ c% E getch(); 3 U1 v: S! ]' h5 C! u a3 J- Ereturn 0; 9 K% ~4 [- O8 y1 i# M2 b3 Q } % ^4 q2 c1 l; B1 ~1 j4 t 5 N6 z9 p' G( Z" l; l, x O7 ~! q N9 c* Q: F- u; Z

1 _! j" \: C' L$ _5 r; _

函数名: cputs 6 ~$ i7 ~* M/ c; v* x5 h" Z功 能: 写字符到屏幕 . u( I1 n& T w0 E6 i 用 法: void cputs(const char *string); ! V+ I) Y) s9 U, d! ? 程序例:

, s3 v% U: P! H R

#include

2 I, _1 e$ C5 F) S! k! o0 O

int main(void) $ N& ?# L6 `2 V4 j6 d" p. A* P { 6 e3 |# k4 A, C- T, L: o /* clear the screen */ : W. V; J! N# m1 _% i+ O4 | clrscr();

6 {( p: t: G3 ~/ Q; Q+ s. i x

/* create a text window */ & Y& ?! S- J- ^window(10, 10, 80, 25);

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/* output some text in the window */ 1 }4 }: K V) D9 p3 P% Acputs("This is within the window\r\n");

" x9 X; D2 p/ Y2 e/ b9 ^, r' N

/* wait for a key */ z+ v# h0 F2 r% q$ O getch(); 4 @+ y$ D3 N T! lreturn 0; % o1 }' g) s' k, |+ q* j1 ? } 9 r: ~0 J# T, {) A6 } 1 W( B. g% }4 o! ~ g' Q & h, E z4 {3 Y% I) Y% D T

$ ^) l; ]! C$ d/ n b' E' K2 Z/ O

函数名: _creat creat " h/ q8 y$ z% O 功 能: 创建一个新文件或重写一个已存在的文件 5 Q9 T+ g7 G& C9 N) Y% G5 R! X用 法: int creat (const char *filename, int permiss); * l1 a$ D' i, j8 \$ i& ^0 F' J 程序例:

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#include " V$ P" g' a& ~$ u2 d, }#include / u A: `& v# j' [6 e#include 7 {3 I* ?. p3 z2 c8 j2 t" {- R( z" t$ ]5 Z#include

% ?% D7 O) N4 q6 S- o m& x6 {9 Y' t

int main(void) 1 w# v) {7 }+ P' b{ . X5 \; T& M" @8 n* x/ O [. Kint handle; 9 H( e# g4 C$ \ @& x a( Y+ Echar buf[11] = "0123456789";

3 F/ _3 p. f, H7 ]! J

/* change the default file mode from text to binary */ 2 u4 N- Z) u$ x( Q) b! p2 [7 l n, }_fmode = O_BINARY;

1 ^. b: R5 ?6 j$ ^( ]; A

/* create a binary file for reading and writing */ : Z7 j+ p0 N d$ D+ E& Mhandle = creat("DUMMY.FIL", S_IREAD | S_IWRITE);

( i4 U' m& H) P5 u

/* write 10 bytes to the file */ ! g F [: y8 t5 N* I( Dwrite(handle, buf, strlen(buf));

& X* [7 ]5 D4 |. ]; Q

/* close the file */ " p8 W ^) i7 Z( _) A! Lclose(handle); 5 W) ^. N! z! V+ R; B- k return 0; 7 A) R( ]3 X ?} ; e. q; D$ |8 m/ S& q8 u# o

& w5 L0 [6 d& p$ ?( {7 m8 f

函数名: creatnew d5 F1 ~+ A! b) C( P功 能: 创建一个新文件 : W: O' R$ q7 j: W( l用 法: int creatnew(const char *filename, int attrib); - w. \5 M3 q) E( X0 s1 i; ?. i程序例:

& B: j; |+ S; O; ]

#include 1 Z3 L S0 |# j0 G5 ?; X#include - A2 F8 p5 u/ t0 q6 Q K( C: N+ V9 @6 J' B#include * n7 z" l R5 w+ }#include ! [$ H' r1 w& n6 d#include

/ h o# w) n- w u J; w

int main(void) 8 j1 `$ f% A- D) h7 X/ n. u3 ~{ 8 t; J. C9 B7 ]1 p! aint handle; . h/ p3 J9 E# w1 \/ m, ? char buf[11] = "0123456789";

/ c1 h# N0 C9 Y6 v3 m5 D+ N

/* attempt to create a file that doesn't already exist */ 8 i% a. X# r5 W/ ~handle = creatnew("DUMMY.FIL", 0);

- [! Q N4 N# j4 w) w$ D# D

if (handle == -1) / ~/ E: e1 `; P; G v& A% e5 x printf("DUMMY.FIL already exists.\n"); 3 l+ [' R B7 E, T! w. R else ; j; ]9 O1 ^$ o" j A* J{ 2 e/ p/ }2 W: x9 q4 P' }printf("DUMMY.FIL successfully created.\n"); ) O; M9 J+ _1 i8 ~$ y* v; I write(handle, buf, strlen(buf)); 4 U! i6 W5 V6 b- T% v close(handle); 9 I' F9 @, p8 L/ a, G. J } 9 `- `9 D' N3 r6 b return 0; " J* ?1 ?; E! b: O- ^, B } ! H4 G* |) T$ Q8 m. D7 F! } + K* O3 t$ G0 D# b9 ` 0 Q5 u4 f' F* q/ b4 l

: ~! S/ L' m5 U

函数名: creattemp # f# [) y- X% s8 p+ R功 能: 创建一个新文件或重写一个已存在的文件 0 e! r9 o$ ~2 z1 q( m用 法: int creattemp(const char *filename, int attrib); 3 d1 v8 b# A3 E, f9 T& C程序例:

6 D- g+ I3 N/ ?/ W

#include 2 r0 i( i# }& p6 C#include $ e9 m9 ^1 F7 j/ Z2 F4 c- f5 v8 K #include

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int main(void) * H. d* |2 K$ [5 Q0 }{ : @, L- V. F4 r int handle; & p5 c/ `. h4 M, z3 ]3 b0 T char pathname[128];

$ w( D* Q6 c0 |8 `% p% k$ Z

strcpy(pathname, "\\");

$ {4 {. c# Y& A' H

/* create a unique file in the root directory */ 3 |2 H/ g3 I0 f5 }/ N0 Lhandle = creattemp(pathname, 0);

0 c8 S( K& P8 ]& ^1 o) y9 n! Z

printf("%s was the unique file created.\n", pathname); 8 h6 f0 P( o1 N6 Wclose(handle); 1 L. o1 I) z, S, T return 0; 7 B6 M% M7 m a5 R3 a1 N. q7 u} $ P ~4 D/ C5 @( e% V" A $ Y6 Q( y8 f/ F/ x 7 L8 B1 Z8 t) B, Q9 ^; d

# Y9 J. V' ?# P# h, R' ?

函数名: cscanf T4 |1 L# }: T6 {& F 功 能: 从控制台执行格式化输入 " }8 j [0 S; ^$ s' W. M! J用 法: int cscanf(char *format[,argument, ...]); % L- h: b; \, m" c程序例:

. z2 U, h0 @( a' E% J m2 P

#include

; u3 i1 Z* I/ x ^

int main(void) . M8 @; o- E5 ]6 q3 \" m { # q4 c$ L% d9 X0 h b& H char string[80];

; T6 j5 b: m! Y+ a) u/ z

/* clear the screen */ % ?9 n: X. O# Z. b: fclrscr();

; ]; ^. Y- Q5 g1 Z

/* Prompt the user for input */ ; o: b5 {4 B4 D$ x5 Z' s0 G5 q, _ cprintf("Enter a string with no spaces:");

& a3 U( N9 Y$ k, M

/* read the input */ + T, z1 \8 N, u2 Lcscanf("%s", string);

5 U6 s) T/ P [$ E( h8 W) N' }# r4 l

/* display what was read */ 0 S( S3 r( v: X cprintf("\r\nThe string entered is: %s", string); 1 A8 P* f4 `& F3 p return 0; ) a0 g8 ]+ {' a} " A! ^$ k! T! R$ p. o/ w2 l7 Y; {8 A" G. A/ y: U, ^ ' y3 x4 ?1 g6 j# v p' Z

8 Q. w! Z9 ?5 N* @3 _, Q5 S9 W

函数名: ctime + O; V1 j; |6 ^9 l5 }功 能: 把日期和时间转换为字符串 1 E% f: _2 M7 s( k; T 用 法: char *ctime(const time_t *time); / h) W( F9 o( D# z) i) N2 B4 q程序例:

' g- S* {2 y9 u0 L" J. p

#include , M. w) K, g! Q& m, O( j. { #include

$ e4 L5 w2 E/ y- ]

int main(void) A5 C9 J4 |0 B6 i4 ?{ ; V8 V. T+ }) S; N- @ time_t t;

- i1 b; _; S3 W1 z1 ?

time(&t); + O! v3 c4 m% d2 b3 P6 t6 Qprintf("Today's date and time: %s\n", ctime(&t)); - `7 |+ _2 C$ W _. p9 b- K return 0; . o) s4 |3 E; Q6 x, n4 g# n# j} - w! g" t$ s1 T, e+ c$ g* i4 ` d5 x1 U1 O9 ]9 L# Z+ o " F: B. x- t2 E+ D) `! c( G

* j- ]1 |* }7 }' \2 \% ~

函数名: ctrlbrk ) T* G# x, @% W" j# q' n- L+ W功 能: 设置Ctrl-Break处理程序 6 K8 r: ]) L1 m 用 法: void ctrlbrk(*fptr)(void); 8 N3 z( I2 d3 L! @* y3 M/ Y程序例:

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#include - E& K1 _* i5 M" b, F#include

# T0 r' i- P, K+ n6 r) Q z( z

#define ABORT 0

# x9 n' x5 y# [# Y2 k

int c_break(void) % B9 u, _) l8 _) d/ d! p { % E! C2 `( O& ]. W# o) g printf("Control-Break pressed. Program aborting ...\n"); 0 _, o) T1 r P( Q8 }return (ABORT); * S! m" f( s1 t9 ?) e& }0 Q7 I}

6 p5 f2 M. t7 ]+ D3 v, x- k

int main(void) ; U0 o) D$ X) L8 R e7 V { * h+ x! w: N; C! |ctrlbrk(c_break); 4 ?. [4 A% ]9 i" x/ K- k. S for(;;) 4 s I6 L- n6 R5 W% w0 q{ 2 H: v) B% G8 `printf("Looping... Press to quit:\n"); * g/ x* G2 S3 ]5 P& {" w$ H, N; S } . {0 F) B1 d b7 ]$ q+ Q4 a3 Jreturn 0; 0 \1 j, W; ?+ p& w}

作者: zjf    时间: 2005-3-20 20:26

[em49]

谢谢啊

作者: chenlk    时间: 2005-4-9 16:39
有价值！
作者: xxb1922    时间: 2005-4-23 20:12
这样看太痛苦了，还不如去下载一个专门查函数的软件，我就有一个
作者: xxb1922    时间: 2005-4-23 20:13
这样看太痛苦了，还不如去下载一个专门查函数的软件，我就有一个
作者: gssdzc    时间: 2010-6-14 13:02
还是感谢分享。。。
作者: hjl19890710hjl    时间: 2011-10-19 15:24
特别感谢



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