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标题: 函数大全(a开头) [打印本页]

作者: 韩冰    时间: 2004-10-4 03:03
标题: 函数大全(a开头)
< align=center><FONT color=#0000ff size=3><B><FONT color=#cc0000>函数大全(a开头)</FONT></B></FONT></P>) v8 l) x) E0 E# @; A! N1 c9 }
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: abort </FONT>
, O# n0 p$ V& r功 能: 异常终止一个进程 ( {, A+ W2 s. m; b% I* i& l
用 法: void abort(void);
" k! A( i5 G- k) O6 h程序例: 3 C% I; k; V, R/ V
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
/ u( H- p, [% I5 k#include <STDLIB.H></FONT></P>) p) y4 T. D1 T) a. g, i% y7 Q
<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) 2 A9 O" A! P, \
{ + w, U$ w* f( ^' S1 e
printf("Calling abort()\n");
6 T- H  }4 N6 A9 R( Sabort(); " H/ J! W  v! n7 X- o. G8 y! c5 F
return 0; /* This is never reached */
* `  w* O1 k6 A- j  n. K}
3 R7 T2 s# _8 j) s</FONT>
6 _; w1 a* C) ^8 X* |4 e! f) i) s# M2 K</P>
$ l! V+ L' h0 R' t<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: abs </FONT>  Q2 P, G8 D# R8 ]* x! x6 t
功 能: 求整数的绝对值
, f5 h% H( W0 N5 J- n用 法: int abs(int i); 4 X4 W% u3 r" F6 u0 Q/ v
程序例:
# ]) f" t5 p6 g% C<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
: |; _3 \# B% q/ C1 \1 ^9 p  `9 B#include <MATH.H></FONT></P>
* |& W- X0 `6 h6 @3 `5 H<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
" R8 z1 W; d- H' P{ 3 C- @7 m, k& W
int number = -1234; </FONT></P>
+ j, Q$ K4 c0 I# C; U$ U<><FONT color=#0000ff>printf("number: %d absolute value: %d\n", number, abs(number)); ; y6 V( h( G3 r' r# N
return 0;
$ j* J2 e  a) n1 S* Y5 l9 [} ( w1 d$ q( ^9 y3 r
</FONT>
% Q) K( ]$ D( j) P# u8 Q& A* S</P>: ^  h: l- W; p- x/ c! B
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: absread, abswirte </FONT>
5 T! r+ l0 e4 y功 能: 绝对磁盘扇区读、写数据 / |. C/ W& i/ z' v# o7 _& N: W# m
用 法: int absread(int drive, int nsects, int sectno, void *buffer);
2 e5 W0 k# m6 Wint abswrite(int drive, int nsects, in tsectno, void *buffer); " a  g" ?) n/ \6 n4 }. K
程序例: * |) s% l/ F8 `9 _$ n  _6 A9 r7 S
<FONT color=#0000ff>/* absread example */ </FONT></P>
/ E% m$ }* v2 }<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
) x+ ~" |! q( R#include <CONIO.H>* g+ [- j: m8 @/ U9 P1 A- q1 H. F
#include <ROCESS.H># c  l3 P/ L  Q2 ^
#include <DOS.H></FONT></P>
7 r! _- z* v- a* i& N; Q<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) ) y# f/ c5 T* u( W& Y
{
3 G/ u3 W& `* R  l+ ?  k# @) U: _int i, strt, ch_out, sector;
4 t! J% n1 K2 o, b, nchar buf[512]; </FONT></P>
. Q! t2 x4 t  M7 |" f& l0 [! z<><FONT color=#0000ff>printf("Insert a diskette into drive A and press any key\n");
) n3 @$ i7 K9 V5 I! egetch();
* @% l9 {; [- U4 Y+ z2 ?( Ksector = 0; ( d5 n6 r9 p( U( E0 t& p
if (absread(0, 1, sector, &amp;buf) != 0) & G, f  w8 b# e
{
. R4 d$ E" d/ O1 B- r' T- ~perror("Disk problem");
0 Y- \2 f/ E  pexit(1); 7 [  }% \3 N# B9 ?+ Y$ \% E8 g
} 2 b) c( O% n, m' f( G4 B" K! v2 I
printf("Read OK\n");
3 y7 O6 a4 N& Q7 \strt = 3;
6 |9 b2 m+ K* h7 tfor (i=0; i&lt;80; i++)
# ^) T+ Z% w2 }' f) A  p* V{ ; o" o( o9 v) ~) s$ t: p8 m& o
ch_out = buf[strt+i]; $ b2 _$ m9 ~; _' l. L
putchar(ch_out);
0 e, W% I: r6 S/ o0 O; k8 R! M}
, s! U- h  H& `) a" Tprintf("\n");
1 M" N" C: S1 `" L+ S' lreturn(0); + ^' {7 i( j% X4 A3 P$ W
}   M5 e2 @& F( e* a; p! W" \
</FONT>! k3 k0 @* g. a  O

8 z: t; b+ ^3 c: c7 @7 P: }2 M</P>
/ a  B" @! K% `( q1 ?<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: access </FONT>+ Z1 e- ]7 [3 b2 `5 ~- p; f9 Y
功 能: 确定文件的访问权限 + z- B% Y; U( z  v2 f5 C  K
用 法: int access(const char *filename, int amode);
6 G  l1 ~6 h* J5 C5 g% s" C1 G程序例:   X, p- [6 \, s; @
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>' J" }% R# [/ V; l0 X' ?
#include <IO.H></FONT></P>2 H  G- Z7 `9 m9 t% ^' T& V# U, J
<><FONT color=#0000ff>int file_exists(char *filename); </FONT></P>
" n$ j3 H, L: Y<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
# Q3 A# Q. Z4 C: q+ @8 V  S* D{
: K) P/ b8 I, ^. Xprintf("Does NOTEXIST.FIL exist: %s\n", & ?+ O, s9 R, s" X
file_exists("NOTEXISTS.FIL") ? "YES" : "NO");
1 t. \" A# x6 B/ Qreturn 0; 9 X2 U  f- W. t# J
} </FONT></P>+ Z/ t* P! l2 Q3 Q$ z  U5 _* z+ m
<><FONT color=#0000ff>int file_exists(char *filename) 3 t* S9 |, I8 ^: M2 ^
{ + W( L4 o3 P$ h' i/ T
return (access(filename, 0) == 0); * F1 a( b3 @! P. [' X
} ' n7 v# b& A& y
</FONT></P>
  \( i( }+ L4 R  q( j<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: acos </FONT>
' b; ?, J* J, x3 x功 能: 反余弦函数
+ A8 G2 C4 H8 }" y) U" P3 c7 T! A用 法: double acos(double x); ; ^. P( z2 O+ v; R
程序例: " T, z9 Z6 T9 K" K5 V0 \
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
. J% }2 I* @0 c3 ]; e- [8 [#include <MATH.H></FONT></P>
  k  \8 A3 Z/ C/ P1 k1 A<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) 0 p1 |2 e. E4 c! i$ C" p5 I
{ 1 l9 f1 @& H2 Q. W! Q) [; E( O1 F
double result; 4 r( @; t/ o0 F
double x = 0.5; </FONT></P>
' f  d. p  Q& t$ t<><FONT color=#0000ff>result = acos(x); ' q1 m8 q. Q# f$ k
printf("The arc cosine of %lf is %lf\n", x, result);
8 U: o7 a! b: z1 ~4 z% C# h! freturn 0; " A7 f* P# m0 [8 ]0 G. ]
} </FONT>
' ]3 V1 x* `7 e4 @3 w' X' j3 O# i# \, _" H* o/ t
</P>
! s9 y( r( B! E6 v& ~# H<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: allocmem </FONT>- m4 E% ]3 R8 {* @
功 能: 分配DOS存储段
. j8 r* E+ Y9 o$ u9 n# X4 i" X用 法: int allocmem(unsigned size, unsigned *seg); . p9 u  i5 W& g* \: l  J( U4 a
程序例: / P: o1 g0 E$ w
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <DOS.H>0 m7 M1 D# Z/ X
#include <ALLOC.H>1 H$ C; A/ H- W7 f
#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
9 I+ |: @5 e0 w4 Y* @<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
8 M+ {- Q8 v2 p{ . {  `9 h. y4 Z4 l1 j  L8 z0 r
unsigned int size, segp;
. W, H5 z  M- E' X& jint stat; </FONT></P>
3 P9 }% J/ W; W/ Z- m% g/ y<><FONT color=#0000ff>size = 64; /* (64 x 16) = 1024 bytes */ , h! W5 W! F$ C8 D
stat = allocmem(size, &amp;segp);
* L" b; e6 v( N. e" W, Jif (stat == -1)
  \( K6 K* Z" Y6 nprintf("Allocated memory at segment: %x\n", segp); ' G- N* C7 \+ V
else . x; C& _) c3 ^
printf("Failed: maximum number of paragraphs available is %u\n",
( m" U4 r8 p0 q9 @6 W! N6 Ostat); </FONT></P>
3 }- |1 T1 a+ C- ^<><FONT color=#0000ff>return 0;
: e4 _; s, H& A& _" e6 }} </FONT>2 K2 c  i0 Z, G; S

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<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: arc</FONT>
' i9 U% ?6 M1 J) q3 j功 能: 画一弧线
; O" r0 h: N+ r$ t用 法: void far arc(int x, int y, int stangle, int endangle, int radius); 8 n; Y5 S3 c/ @2 P/ \% z1 k
程序例:
9 T9 W$ [7 J" {, T<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <GRAPHICS.H>. n3 p+ ]. l: V. y3 L
#include <STDLIB.H>
3 E- W& F) T7 C2 H* B#include <STDIO.H>8 ]& @/ _: X( t8 ~  {5 W
#include <CONIO.H></FONT></P>' a+ [" U1 C+ e, y. X2 `- |
<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
! r8 U8 S! \% d: f, U6 e6 ~+ M( R( E{ & k- a8 ~# _1 s
/* request auto detection */
" H( E, e6 L& F/ a1 M/ [  oint gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode; ( a8 s% F" W3 w( V# V1 L
int midx, midy; 4 D6 I- f( L/ t) k; P
int stangle = 45, endangle = 135;
9 v$ `9 R+ m, ]int radius = 100; </FONT></P>( y9 `7 F' B2 N
<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* initialize graphics and local variables */
+ [6 c' K, g# P# S' k- hinitgraph(&amp;gdriver, &amp;gmode, ""); </FONT></P>1 o5 w7 q7 g$ H& d  Z: Y( x
<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* read result of initialization */
& e3 w0 K1 ^# u6 f8 ?; Werrorcode = graphresult(); /* an error occurred */
; K( E+ K. y3 z; W" Qif (errorcode != grOk) : [% {$ ^# g2 g) i5 s* z
{ 9 p  g7 ]2 U4 Y+ \  F1 o& j
printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode)); 5 j- r6 W- ^6 h! B; ?6 y- {. }
printf("ress any key to halt:"); 4 A$ [& d: `; y0 Z
getch(); </FONT></P>5 P6 d% y7 l. [, R
<><FONT color=#0000ff>exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */ 6 {# ?( W% u, ~) D4 Z' c$ S
} </FONT></P>
/ d# B$ C* ?8 ^8 L2 A  q/ }, W<><FONT color=#0000ff>midx = getmaxx() / 2; 9 j6 G0 t! a4 K0 `& c
midy = getmaxy() / 2;
- @+ L; f" T% K% Msetcolor(getmaxcolor()); </FONT></P>
/ }0 H5 E+ Z8 J8 ?: r3 c<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* draw arc */ , H* B/ y+ z( U, c
arc(midx, midy, stangle, endangle, radius); </FONT></P>
) J" Q: r, k1 k. z/ A& d, C; Z# J3 }<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* clean up */ 6 }# S. e/ \- N. ]/ C/ r
getch(); 0 D) ^# n/ S  Z: l8 l
closegraph();
3 e. }7 ~: h2 j; w4 [return 0; / x' X( b  h9 j
}
$ w  Z: M% [: D# E4 m4 o# G</FONT>1 w# V- ?; R  T; p- n& e- q
</P>/ T- v! `/ b' u$ h2 o" `
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: asctime </FONT>
0 E, K6 s* j. K4 @5 m6 Q( v功 能: 转换日期和时间为ASCII码
( s) K+ [9 W9 z/ h- I) Z用 法: char *asctime(const struct tm *tblock);
' k" a+ r* ^- r( S1 M  Z程序例: 1 `* s4 n! n$ n$ }- w, f
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
" i  ~' U$ e; _  R' T" @5 u#include <STRING.H>
2 o, u/ Z+ _% c0 ~#include <TIME.H></FONT></P>+ i% }6 s! `6 s  {2 }/ t
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
+ b4 U' R/ N: \& t{
- P" K8 V9 M2 x6 r& S+ p0 ]9 Bstruct tm t;
1 l+ |# O& K) Z- a2 I7 q' X6 Z6 zchar str[80]; </FONT></P>" h" L/ E& Q/ B
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* sample loading of tm structure */ </FONT></P>
4 j8 {. {, o. y6 C& i3 Z+ x<P><FONT color=#0000ff>t.tm_sec = 1; /* Seconds */
# v$ U9 d* H3 J7 y( Tt.tm_min = 30; /* Minutes */ 1 Y" ]3 `. L( R
t.tm_hour = 9; /* Hour */ * B& V5 n; q0 ^9 |) C* i
t.tm_mday = 22; /* Day of the Month */
4 V; `. a0 ]) M( i  Zt.tm_mon = 11; /* Month */   U, w/ R+ E3 ?* z+ w5 i
t.tm_year = 56; /* Year - does not include century */
* v0 Q! X: G1 g$ x0 `& {t.tm_wday = 4; /* Day of the week */
3 t2 ~  K1 W& M$ z1 M0 ?6 ht.tm_yday = 0; /* Does not show in asctime */
3 r0 a5 u9 i$ ~- b+ t1 h- pt.tm_isdst = 0; /* Is Daylight SavTime; does not show in asctime */ </FONT></P>' Q: x  a$ u% _  \
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* converts structure to null terminated . p) l! i6 T" \, S; S. j( k2 K5 v
string */ </FONT></P>6 {& a5 n* o; R9 T) x
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>strcpy(str, asctime(&amp;t)); ! s  d7 F; t* ?
printf("%s\n", str); </FONT></P>
" a5 b+ D" C7 V8 F+ L<P><FONT color=#0000ff>return 0;   `& s' N6 @" r) |+ q0 |5 T! G
}
: o0 L% I2 D# {+ w4 T- p: y5 r. A! _' v) S' m9 y
</FONT>
) X* |, q- O1 `6 d6 T& }</P>! @) y9 d" A2 A9 O; x; H
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: asin </FONT>
2 D+ i( ^% B& ]/ ^4 V* X5 U功 能: 反正弦函数 ' H4 H% X% I# P. M9 ~* a
用 法: double asin(double x); ! Z2 t7 _, j3 ^2 e9 e8 K
程序例: % n9 t3 A! Q! f) n7 J! e
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
8 h# K! {# A% A( H/ e( R% r#include <MATH.H></FONT></P>
/ @3 e& s5 q! l; y<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
1 P, ~! c. `; X{ 7 b, I8 P  L7 s: F# Z+ b
double result;
$ W0 q3 C5 {7 R, b6 J" g5 C2 Tdouble x = 0.5; </FONT></P>2 x, W6 M6 }; y- Z
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>result = asin(x);
3 Q0 ~; r  [! {& G0 ?printf("The arc sin of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); 6 ^0 M1 S) r8 }% F- K
return(0); 1 b$ p' }% M& |0 e: z+ E# B8 |$ U# a
} & Q" M0 S0 }) p8 i6 w
</FONT>
0 R3 P, p/ X+ ~
9 V/ A" g+ q' ?9 K</P>  F( L& F% \" O/ j) ~; e
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: assert </FONT>3 @, S* m3 u7 ?! R+ Q9 R
功 能: 测试一个条件并可能使程序终止 & ^$ x5 l1 [( `
用 法: void assert(int test); 9 C$ b" d& L1 X, ]; Z8 S9 n
程序例: $ N! v. B' N5 k/ M
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <ASSERT.H>+ k1 Q% {# _5 r% l; \& ~& `
#include <STDIO.H>
0 L; R2 l( L. d5 j1 Z2 L#include <STDLIB.H></FONT></P>
; W* A# [! V6 l4 Z' b. W<P><FONT color=#0000ff>struct ITEM {
7 z! @( C% c  i$ T# e1 E8 y  Wint key; 0 m4 L- m- Q* X" A0 W  z: E8 x
int value;
: K+ n$ }3 a, Z/ s  j6 P! M6 d}; </FONT></P>
3 h  E5 W. [% _4 s, T* N! @4 N6 A<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* add item to list, make sure list is not null */
8 D: L6 O; P2 F5 R7 ~; V6 Tvoid additem(struct ITEM *itemptr) {
/ E' w9 u2 l1 q2 x, Fassert(itemptr != NULL); 9 w5 J- N/ F7 k3 q7 a5 e
/* add item to list */
* S/ |  P0 s3 n' S2 p1 Y7 ~} </FONT></P>+ F8 D6 {: @# `4 E* f" n. n
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
% u4 m$ F7 D; }4 {* s{ , W- f8 k) e) V. e; _
additem(NULL);
. a6 ^" [- H4 j3 Qreturn 0; ( ?$ u4 }1 w  |7 H/ l$ Z: _' l- U
} & x8 G& q9 `5 b
</FONT>3 E) E5 R: i% \3 w5 @) ~

# {, f& @; j2 a7 X. q# Q</P>  H+ G2 R2 a  n. G
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: atan </FONT>$ t$ ?" G. L9 j4 A9 r% v
功 能: 反正切函数
" }) X6 w( @% o; U用 法: double atan(double x); 6 v) {  V$ p7 n8 l
程序例: ; C' d0 M/ p4 i1 ]2 [- ~/ y9 q) T! {
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>3 @5 `* g. h4 c, F
#include <MATH.H></FONT></P>
' h) H2 i8 F% k  V<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
3 G4 y. Z7 C+ A- t$ b# @! u{ ( p/ T7 [5 `: U2 h6 F4 @
double result;
$ y" k: D" }+ M9 o2 U& hdouble x = 0.5; </FONT></P>& Y" g& N* U9 f8 k9 C* |
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>result = atan(x); 3 p' e" K3 Q5 B1 _# Q2 W1 h
printf("The arc tangent of %lf is %lf\n", x, result); 7 Q) f3 A0 \3 W. x; w" W) ]
return(0); ( C0 I/ E9 U. ~. i
} 9 C4 y6 g" E+ F* X' R, c5 V5 i
</FONT>/ U6 E: r8 ]8 J
</P>1 n( F7 d+ @* x
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: atan2 </FONT>
7 l+ |  T4 t! Z- H! A  w& S功 能: 计算Y/X的反正切值
5 O5 v5 E( B6 D( ]  W用 法: double atan2(double y, double x);
* Y2 o* `. M% n1 X+ o" a7 u程序例:
+ U) [: Z' \3 |) p" m( q. v! j$ e: _<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
" r! g% n6 y; v/ F7 I: P+ r#include <MATH.H></FONT></P>
$ g+ [' U; o7 M) W3 R0 w<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) ( @5 ]9 j2 ]% s' T
{
9 p9 q" e( P& w- b0 N! }8 {double result;
/ |4 u: X1 k. g$ s, Sdouble x = 90.0, y = 45.0; </FONT></P>$ B. L1 ]) I3 a. y
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>result = atan2(y, x);
3 R  B. D# R4 t3 J8 ]1 N& s; `printf("The arc tangent ratio of %lf is %lf\n", (y / x), result);
+ D) a2 j3 ^3 `4 z: n7 N* k) }4 hreturn 0; : [+ u0 q# x$ Z; E; o
} " D* t/ }% ~+ b8 D
</FONT>
8 u2 u+ s' d" f+ D7 Q: J$ E</P>9 n  P/ C& h7 I" }9 y6 g
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: atexit </FONT>
! E1 b. I/ x3 h8 v0 ]功 能: 注册终止函数 : d0 T5 s$ j' `8 q1 @2 q+ s- T
用 法: int atexit(atexit_t func); ( B; U& N% O8 A; E2 a1 y3 @' w
程序例: % J+ v, d: t: j, S  B, K
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
0 |4 C6 i4 I& ], w* d#include <STDLIB.H></FONT></P>
" a) j# K9 h3 {$ Y<P><FONT color=#0000ff>void exit_fn1(void)
- E) l* o8 [# [5 k1 _{   g) t% K( e4 o' A3 [
printf("Exit function #1 called\n");
5 A) |+ f. v- c+ g% X/ H} </FONT></P>$ t! Y: t0 B+ x' ?* |6 e) g
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>void exit_fn2(void)
. D. K  {0 f0 a4 ]8 n9 W: `  I; N) X$ N{   N8 {+ ^6 s! Z" q- H
printf("Exit function #2 called\n");
2 E3 U3 u( j/ m" t3 A/ Q, b% {1 |} </FONT></P>6 l; w! m+ ~/ S
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
$ t5 [  y; H; `. S& F5 U4 c{ + y3 h" `0 n8 c" n! j4 _
/* post exit function #1 */
8 f6 ^! h. e% Vatexit(exit_fn1);
: `5 C, f$ A2 x$ ^/* post exit function #2 */ . x0 G% e8 x( I! [% ]1 Z8 ^9 @! q
atexit(exit_fn2);
" `0 ~7 Z7 g( S) `! V( l" b' ?return 0;
9 A/ U8 }8 u& w}
& b) V4 @2 i% r2 @+ u5 O</FONT>
" p' z+ V/ c) |: @3 K
+ V" K& u* Y# c; T* S( @</P>
5 ?# N+ s' E2 a) k# `, \" }2 _<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: atof </FONT>3 W5 g0 \+ v) d! k
功 能: 把字符串转换成浮点数 7 [, u+ F7 {1 _8 @% c- z
用 法: double atof(const char *nptr); 9 ^7 J: n& n4 O6 m& e
程序例:
; v3 a/ T, t. L/ g. C( ^<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDLIB.H>
$ \( Q6 Z( Y# C) {0 c#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>4 e( o3 x1 H; s& W: ]4 A
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) * b3 p: X2 [  w2 a' g* E, R
{ * \" H' A! o% ~6 D7 b+ p
float f;
4 a+ c- i- J% y* g- u" @# achar *str = "12345.67"; </FONT></P>
3 O9 I9 w/ E! B<P><FONT color=#0000ff>f = atof(str); ' e8 Z8 I- \0 ^- A) Q6 O
printf("string = %s float = %f\n", str, f); % k$ r/ ]4 O. f+ K1 Y3 L
return 0;
1 b' d; N% q9 K+ m  w}
# Y8 V) o1 M. d/ N' X! K1 U</FONT>
) c$ r- L) P& V$ }" O</P>+ @1 V: j& U/ o8 W# V* f- b/ @
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: atoi </FONT>
; g9 n" ]& i# f; D4 G+ K2 R6 u功 能: 把字符串转换成长整型数 $ q( G6 y$ W% _; N
用 法: int atoi(const char *nptr);
- Z5 O! `  D0 d& S# Y5 E  _程序例: 3 R" B. o5 Y. G% C
<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDLIB.H>
1 V3 t( G+ V: x$ D% Q#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
8 u9 g; T# V! M, m1 _- s& U; u<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) ) R) t1 s2 g$ l  M/ J
{
/ v3 a  J/ i$ q  ?; bint n; 2 @! h) i2 w) A, |' a
char *str = "12345.67"; </FONT></P>
& |# g$ {4 O0 [" T  p<P><FONT color=#0000ff>n = atoi(str); + l5 j* x: z- a# Z
printf("string = %s integer = %d\n", str, n);
# b; a5 s1 I: R+ jreturn 0;
: X! `0 _  m# l, F* ~; g* ?' S9 j}
3 L- y0 ?/ m" |% J1 L0 @6 U</FONT>6 Y0 w' p$ k7 k0 _; A* G
</P>
8 p& d8 t2 M1 M- F5 m<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: atol </FONT>
( Z. w5 K( p0 g7 n2 X9 q4 _功 能: 把字符串转换成长整型数
$ y. A- {5 i+ u) M用 法: long atol(const char *nptr); / u! A  f- k5 t
程序例: </P>, z- E5 r' x. a
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDLIB.H>
1 R- C7 R$ m/ t! r8 M. v#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
4 T- e+ F; p3 Q6 X1 V1 P" l+ h5 ^<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void) " p+ i; \* C+ k  g
{ % B" l& e2 \9 X' f
long l;
7 H1 Z0 g6 v" |5 echar *str = "98765432"; </FONT></P>) O  p" s8 K/ I1 R" @- h
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>l = atol(lstr); - m( q- O) y6 \6 j9 h
printf("string = %s integer = %ld\n", str, l); ! r. _  o3 T9 R9 g# I( i
return(0);   g% J2 S" M0 g0 Y  a2 e
}</FONT></P>




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