标题: 怎样用ADO打开一个带密码的Access库? [打印本页] 作者: 韩冰 时间: 2005-1-26 12:38 标题: 怎样用ADO打开一个带密码的Access库? <> </P> / n: `$ t' T" Y/ f, k1 W- W! |<>Creates a new Recordset object and appends it to the Recordsets collection. </P>: ]* {: w" h! c
<> </P>3 r2 W2 {; k2 ^7 h
<>Syntax </P> 5 S7 A6 s! E. U3 ?: T<> </P> 3 S8 X4 z6 B( ]. M<>For Connection and Database objects: </P> 5 b6 E/ D0 {/ C/ y, @<> </P>! X0 L# l( o8 U3 B3 l. Z
<>Set recordset = object.OpenRecordset (source, type, options, lockedits) </P> \2 _- F7 _. O' S' h<> </P>. Z3 w% A# Y, D7 G4 p I+ ?
<>For QueryDef, Recordset, and TableDef objects: </P>" N$ Z7 ]$ i; V4 G8 |
<> </P> . H L$ j( P5 T( O<>Set recordset = object.OpenRecordset (type, options, lockedits) </P> / T: ~; {5 L& X% r' l# E<> </P> + e( W, w6 N5 M& x) i/ Y<>The OpenRecordset method syntax has these parts. </P>* r( H" \; ] W
<> </P>) V$ |9 L9 w2 ^
<>art Description </P>, ?3 ]) h2 P/ ]* M+ {
<>recordset An object variable that represents the Recordset object you wantt to </P>0 k7 U4 @. O* s- H+ {8 G
<>open. </P> + D& v h# L8 z! T9 A) w. S l8 c<>object An object variable that represents an existing object from which you </P> 5 N b; o1 r2 ], l<>want to create the new Recordset. </P> ; L; {. K* D4 F, p: D: v<>source A String specifying the source of the records for the new Recordset. </P>' M9 B( U5 f1 Z/ {7 F
<>The source can be a table name, a query name, or an SQL statement that </P> , G2 r! o7 ]0 e6 }4 c<>returns records. For table-type Recordset objects in Microsoft Jet databases, </P>+ J! s) B4 i9 U: Y1 ^
<>the source can only be a table name. </P> * x+ Z- C' w+ x* d+ Q) _* L2 b$ C<>type Optional. A constant that indicates the type of Recordset to open, as </P>% K6 R% Y6 e& ?: X3 q5 s3 A
<>specified in Settings. </P> 9 |1 J9 z( r$ O7 v1 ]- H<>options Optional. A combination of constants that specify characteristics of </P> 0 P1 E4 Q. S) R6 m<>the new Recordset, as listed in Settings. </P>" s1 b1 }9 e9 k4 `" v- t& l" Z" t
<>lockedits Optional. A constant that determines the locking for the Recordsset, </P>) w3 O5 d g4 m" t* w6 t
<P>as specified in Settings. </P>) ^! |; o8 |- ~! g+ W G* x
<P>Settings </P>2 s2 ^& k" t+ a/ P6 e* o6 ?
<P> </P> 5 p, Q2 [% |& u$ @+ s% S/ M<P>You can use one of the following constants for the type argument. </P> * w8 s, _% R$ F r8 g' F<P> </P> . A+ t2 h) Y# Z. B! k<P>Constant Description </P> 9 N: z2 P, n0 y+ J1 Z' |<P> </P> f) v7 a3 H+ t<P> </P># v/ F7 V C' L3 P1 o/ ~& i
<P>dbOpenTable Opens a table-type Recordset object (Microsoft Jet workspaces </P> , A9 _8 K2 E4 _6 W, U! c3 P, P<P>only). </P> 0 ~. j% b, I* c" J# c: s$ P<P>dbOpenDynamic Opens a dynamic-type Recordset object, which is similar to an </P>0 @; i+ R$ k, r0 d J
<P>ODBC dynamic cursor. (ODBCDirect workspaces only) </P> v, g% F% w: u5 O! l1 f5 T
<P>dbOpenDynaset Opens a dynaset-type Recordset object, which is similar to an </P> 8 q# I* Y. x: f) m4 g<P>ODBC keyset cursor. </P> $ f! [/ l9 D# [4 t+ \<P>dbOpenSnapshot Opens a snapshot-type Recordset object, which is similar to an </P> 9 k- T5 L' l' q. x# r' s<P>ODBC static cursor. </P> ' l8 v2 N7 o8 V) J<P>dbOpenForwardOnly?Opens a forward-only-type Recordset object. </P>* d W9 m; {/ M: b/ z
<P>Note If you open a Recordset in a Microsoft Jet workspace and you don't </P>8 y" B6 |7 t8 |. }5 }2 N
<P>specify a type, OpenRecordset creates a table-type Recordset, if possible. If </P>6 u: l4 U$ c: j- U) W
<P>you specify a linked table or query, OpenRecordset creates a dynaset-type </P>1 d7 m" H6 ]" x* N
<P>Recordset. In an ODBCDirect workspace, the default setting is dbOpenForwardOnl </P>) N+ E1 d5 V% ?1 Y6 J0 z) j
<P>y. </P>. R5 r t* ?8 {3 s# c
<P> </P>( h5 F$ n5 C% ~# C3 e) M& ^1 U
<P>You can use a combination of the following constants for the options </P> 4 z* ^9 p! {# y, ^/ p<P>argument. </P>3 S& \& A8 |2 _, F
<P> </P> % |" ?& D5 [$ i, O0 V. M, S<P>Constant Description </P> # F8 ^6 c. d( { u% H5 k<P>dbAppendOnly?Allows users to append new records to the Recordset, but </P> 5 \2 I' A2 U# ?; M! B# g<P>prevents them from editing or deleting existing records (Microsoft Jet </P># A- w: s2 j4 H/ O7 p+ f
<P>dynaset-type Recordset only). </P> " \/ d) v& [/ a<P>dbSQLPassThrough?Passes an SQL statement to a Microsoft Jet-connected ODBC </P>1 n! W4 P$ H$ k' H4 c: y8 Y
<P>data source for processing (Microsoft Jet snapshot-type Recordset only). </P> + W, j/ x) {7 d l+ H<P>dbSeeChanges Generates a run-time error if one user is changing data that </P> + `+ w( c! [4 s: k* R/ P2 }2 w<P>another user is editing (Microsoft Jet dynaset-type Recordset only). This is </P>; s; p7 n" S( i: C2 H
<P>useful in applications where multiple users have simultaneous read/write </P>* p8 O, b+ x( s) {, Y% Y
<P>access to the same data. </P> : g2 f* j4 M/ l9 g; B/ L<P>dbDenyWrite?Prevents other users from modifying or adding records (Microsoft </P>. _1 J; [/ n! W1 A$ F1 o# r
<P>Jet Recordset objects only). </P>! D9 F! \" p7 S7 {
<P>dbDenyRead?Prevents other users from reading data in a table (Microsoft Jet </P> ( L1 z9 j! N" O5 r<P>table-type Recordset only). </P>' n1 m+ l( b4 G7 ^+ Z# b0 E' O
<P>dbForwardOnly?Creates a forward-only Recordset (Microsoft Jet snapshot-type </P>8 `. V3 e4 z, m! t" L- t
<P>Recordset only). It is provided only for backward compatibility, and you </P> / G/ u: w4 D2 |<P>should use the dbOpenForwardOnly constant in the type argument instead of </P> 3 i$ z9 Z# K& b; F<P>using this option. </P> & W) K% R! i- o<P>dbReadOnly?Prevents users from making changes to the Recordset (Microsoft Jet </P> + v- o3 o: Y8 f, Y% k8 M7 w<P>only). The dbReadOnly constant in the lockedits argument replaces this </P> ^% L3 C; D$ \# _2 j9 r# Z<P>option, which is provided only for backward compatibility. </P> 3 n) Q$ N6 b/ o<P>dbRunAsync Runs an asynchronous query (ODBCDirect workspaces only). </P> * x' W! C' h/ e0 U+ S<P>dbExecDirect?Runs a query by skipping SQLPrepare and directly calling </P>) J- y6 @3 f# A/ F( A/ R$ Z1 Y
<P>SQLExecDirect (ODBCDirect workspaces only). Use this option only when you抮e </P> ' r4 [/ i0 B+ K' Q6 X<P>not opening a Recordset based on a parameter query. For more information, see </P> 7 Z, D, _3 ^8 g/ Q- _+ O<P>the "Microsoft ODBC 3.0 Programmer抯 Reference." </P>2 r4 b# B B1 ~. [- K
<P>dbInconsistent?Allows inconsistent updates (Microsoft Jet dynaset-type and </P>$ R4 B! p' H1 k* h
<P>snapshot-type Recordset objects only). </P>, }# a: m! `5 o, R1 {# Z
<P>dbConsistent?Allows only consistent updates (Microsoft Jet dynaset-type and </P> 3 |4 [1 n+ |/ m. y<P>snapshot-type Recordset objects only). </P>4 y7 `6 i6 G( h/ t9 q
<P>Note The constants dbConsistent and dbInconsistent are mutually exclusive, </P>' y# a2 A3 ]1 j$ D& |) F' n7 O# w# Y
<P>and using both causes an error. Supplying a lockedits argument when options </P> , S; r) M! e% A2 ~7 q+ @' R<P>uses the dbReadOnly constant also causes an error. </P>( x# F, N5 q# g% \$ `: q
<P> </P> % S1 W7 o. ?! p1 W" [! i& j<P>You can use the following constants for the lockedits argument. </P> 4 Q/ d4 l6 X! |* _' B0 j) d3 `1 r<P> </P> # R+ ]7 O1 r9 O. w/ c<P>Constant Description </P> 7 q: ~+ f/ b6 T: M; X<P>dbReadOnly Prevents users from making changes to the Recordset (default for </P> ! x) T7 F. P& j5 n& k6 ]4 I<P>ODBCDirect workspaces). You can use dbReadOnly in either the options argument </P> + L) s) h+ p4 o, s9 ~4 x1 D<P>or the lockedits argument, but not both. If you use it for both arguments, a </P>6 h- d1 g4 I0 ^ f5 t, Q; s
<P>run-time error occurs. </P>4 n( J" r2 e1 n" c
<P>dbPessimistic?Uses pessimistic locking to determine how changes are made to </P>! e& k, Y9 K7 |# ~$ R$ G4 t
<P>the Recordset in a multiuser environment. The page containing the record </P>4 E# s+ x. ]$ V% b% g5 Z: S
<P>you're editing is locked as soon as you use the Edit method (default for </P> ! c, D! J; q4 G<P>Microsoft Jet workspaces). </P> - x( w! ^- M0 v1 b$ c<P>dbOptimistic?Uses optimistic locking to determine how changes are made to the </P>; E6 N0 h$ M1 |% H0 \- S* {* h
<P>Recordset in a multiuser environment. The page containing the record is not </P>; {: h5 a$ p& t# Z, B. U+ K2 o
<P>locked until the Update method is executed. </P>& G; ~0 d8 q/ B& i/ }' j
<P>dbOptimisticValue?Uses optimistic concurrency based on row values (ODBCDirect </P> - F; z7 ?: V+ u0 {% o9 Z- B9 B6 O. h<P>workspaces only). </P>; @/ t9 D. V( D
<P>dbOptimisticBatch?Enables batch optimistic updating (ODBCDirect workspaces </P> & Q5 N$ s0 H X4 A/ X<P>only). </P>4 R# e: a& A2 B' j8 ?: p; M
<P>Remarks </P>4 r% L9 R0 C- h
<P> </P># S/ i! C" ?5 ^8 u7 L. [
<P>In a Microsoft Jet workspace, if object refers to a QueryDef object, or a </P>1 O4 Q1 V" @. e% w" o1 Y& p' [
<P>dynaset- or snapshot-type Recordset, or if source refers to an SQL statement </P> , W7 [1 n; e4 P, l/ \( |* @<P>or a TableDef that represents a linked table, you can't use dbOpenTable for </P> ; _# G9 W7 T4 i<P>the type argument; if you do, a run-time error occurs. If you want to use an </P>8 F7 `; G0 P. z# E
<P>SQL pass-through query on a linked table in a Microsoft Jet-connected ODBC </P>% l: e* t# _- I0 ~
<P>data source, you must first set the Connect property of the linked table's </P>$ [/ t: L! b0 d/ X- m7 M( F6 k1 L, m D
<P>database to a valid ODBC connection string. If you only need to make a single </P>7 d0 R0 A5 ^4 `0 I V
<P>pass through a Recordset opened from a Microsoft Jet-connected ODBC data </P> 0 f6 B/ K! H9 {: ^. x" V& N4 Q# O<P>source, you can improve performance by using dbOpenForwardOnly for the type </P> 5 C) I$ l* z v6 M1 H# ^: m2 s$ j! m<P>argument. </P> + O8 M* @% @* Q6 Y- B4 \% T. _<P> </P>% L# W4 [7 w$ o* X8 }$ I
<P>If object refers to a dynaset- or snapshot-type Recordset, the new Recordset </P> / W2 R$ N6 Y! v$ n ^2 e<P>is of the same type object. If object </P>. r1 i/ p9 f6 C4 O( ^' q
<P> refers to a table-type Recordset object, the type of the new object is a </P>, p3 Y9 v, A5 X& Q
<P>dynaset-type Recordset. You can't open new Recordset objects from forward-only </P>- g$ r1 N0 ~5 u
<P>杢ype or ODBCDirect Recordset objects. </P> 0 |8 |5 p+ F; w# M2 E4 M' R3 Y" O/ H<P>In an ODBCDirect workspace, you can open a Recordset containing more than one </P>5 q% f+ D$ z$ X9 t. u F5 O
<P>select query in the source argument, such as </P> , L0 R& l, o3 k+ n<P> </P>, w$ p) N% G ^6 a
<P>"SELECT LastName, FirstName FROM Authors </P> ' x- e5 v. P- E, h- M0 {8 e, A4 L<P>WHERE LastName = 'Smith'; </P> $ A% a" Y- b4 d7 I/ x7 W<P>SELECT Title, ISBN FROM Titles </P> 7 ^4 d7 e4 W9 b: B) t<P>WHERE ISBN Like '1-55615-*'" </P> / c& Y( Z8 X( J5 \<P> </P> 6 p$ M* _7 V" H( ]4 c<P>The returned Recordset will open with the results of the first query. To </P> + ~; a# A1 M! L! h<P>obtain the result sets of records from subsequent queries, use the </P>( e" W% }6 _: R; Q$ {) \
<P>NextRecordset method. </P>5 q9 N( ^2 c! u
<P> </P>+ a/ g6 I7 p1 |/ T- ]! c
<P>Note You can send DAO queries to a variety of different database servers </P> 6 {# Z) r' J+ D; ~' A2 ^<P>with ODBCDirect, and different servers will recognize slightly different </P>- e, ?+ p, U8 L6 S3 U: @' n7 L$ b
<P>dialects of SQL. Therefore, context-sensitive Help is no longer provided for </P> 4 d" K# r4 z- |# T# S% t! ?/ j. N' B<P>Microsoft Jet SQL, although online Help for Microsoft Jet SQL is still </P>% k, D l( F2 r
<P>included through the Help menu. Be sure to check the appropriate reference </P> ! T, @( y( e6 i0 z7 z1 H7 I1 h<P>documentation for the SQL dialect of your database server when using either </P>% M2 J$ h9 Y' `* _2 W
<P>ODBCDirect connections or pass-through queries in Microsoft Jet-connected </P> $ a; d* r4 }% M! B$ y) Q S' r<P>client/server applications. </P>( Z) R- s7 F8 T3 m% I! R8 N- I
<P> </P> , w H$ V% {0 o* K, F<P>Use the dbSeeChanges constant in a Microsoft Jet workspace if you want to </P>$ M$ P# Q) y' }. r" \
<P>trap changes while two or more users are editing or deleting the same record. </P> 9 o1 Y7 |4 u1 G9 }<P>For example, if two users start editing the same record, the first user to </P># D& E% o. r" n3 y( d
<P>execute the Update method succeeds. When the second user invokes the Update </P>3 x% W; u. B( t5 h
<P>method, a run-time error occurs. Similarly, if the second user tries to use </P>" w' Z) F9 o7 Z1 F
<P>the Delete method to delete the record, and the first user has already </P> 6 }& i. M) O7 R2 {/ H% J% g<P>changed it, a run-time error occurs. </P>, k# w9 W/ }3 U# D' S7 n
<P> </P> " W# f$ o' I; J2 t: l" F<P>Typically, if the user gets this error while updating a record, your code </P>1 ~0 T& _$ r$ A3 ^% n
<P>should refresh the contents of the fields and retrieve the newly modified </P>0 Z. Z& h5 M* r
<P>values. If the error occurs while deleting a record, your code could display </P> " S; B P$ {1 u4 Y6 o& R# T: H. W<P>the new record data to the user and a message indicating that the data has </P> 1 E- p0 J9 B( ~7 o; T<P>recently changed. At this point, your code can request a confirmation that </P>5 C( I7 j* |; z2 m* W4 l
<P>the user still wants to delete the record. </P> ) J$ ^+ |# I+ L2 R; W; f<P> </P>1 r! R. B* O4 U- Q2 d7 F
<P>You should also use the dbSeeChanges constant if you open a Recordset in a </P>. t9 w+ [: X; w
<P>Microsoft Jet-connected ODBC workspace against a Microsoft SQL Server 6.0 (or </P>, _0 n+ }3 m6 u2 o4 t4 t
<P>later) table that has an IDENTITY column, otherwise an error may result. </P>; `; |% B3 y/ L- L+ V) \: {
<P> </P> 3 r* K& x3 {& \' v7 e<P>In an ODBCDirect workspace, you can execute asynchronous queries by setting </P>/ s4 u9 }4 i8 D8 A
<P>the dbRunAsync constant in the options argument. This allows your application </P> " l1 T" ^8 a$ Q# ^/ j5 ] ^) f5 B, h<P>to continue processing other statements while the query runs in the </P> - v, ~" ` ^! s<P>background. But, you cannot access the Recordset data until the query has </P>2 b: D& y. n9 W
<P>completed. To determine whether the query has finished executing, check the </P> * _1 L. w) l4 n<P>StillExecuting property of the new Recordset. If the query takes longer to </P> ; w2 u' h) t8 Q( \* k<P>complete than you anticipated, you can terminate execution of the query with </P> / C2 Q2 R6 r, r9 ~5 I8 c, y<P>the Cancel method. </P> & B' T9 e7 M3 F* S. d+ n* X<P> </P>; V. W* F. U" ?0 j( t5 x6 q2 E* m
<P>Opening more than one Recordset on an ODBC data source may fail because the </P> ' l: a- q0 Q) l, s6 ]/ k. q* Y<P>connection is busy with a prior </P> : w! U& }, \0 f- h- y$ d& A8 _<P>OpenRecordset call. One way around this is to use a server-side cursor and </P> O" Z4 E$ O; [3 z7 L0 h0 G<P>ODBCDirect, if the server supports this. Another solution is to fully </P>7 i. E2 b+ r, q+ I! L0 t$ P
<P>populate the Recordset by using the MoveLast method as soon as the Recordset </P> ! |# u I1 U5 q<P>is opened. </P> ; i" E- B5 s: `' @4 ~<P> </P> ( b( d \; u7 y<P>If you open a Connection object with DefaultCursorDriver set to </P> ( ^; E1 {! `( _3 x+ K" W5 t<P>dbUseClientBatchCursor, you can open a Recordset to cache changes to the data </P>% v r2 d: ^, @" |4 ]2 }% j
<P>(known as batch updating) in an ODBCDirect workspace. Include dbOptimisticBatc </P>9 O2 g, Y) D# ^3 G$ E3 `2 {
<P>h in the lockedits argument to enable update caching. See the Update method </P> / s3 n @# `+ k) Z, w! p, I. Q<P>topic for details about how to write changes to disk immediately, or to cache </P> & @3 o; ?+ P# a: v5 E<P>changes and write them to disk as a batch. </P># z# m# l- @. N V/ c
<P> </P>/ y$ @8 Z5 y" @$ q
<P>Closing a Recordset with the Close method automatically deletes it from the </P>3 I9 F8 V0 X& J# m
5 y/ ? a1 k7 c$ @3 m<P>Recordsets collection. </P>, @* `, n7 }0 ]. W2 r
<P> </P> 9 L/ D; a& Z4 r. D% N* M( e<P>Note If source refers to an SQL statement composed of a string concatenated </P> ! ~4 N5 L7 j5 `6 ~/ y+ I9 k) e<P>with a non-integer value, and the system parameters specify a non-U.S. </P>2 {- f# ^0 J4 t1 |4 ^9 {
<P>decimal character such as a comma (for example, strSQL = "PRICE > " & </P>- C0 t: U S- S3 P8 R5 k) h
<P>lngPrice, and lngPrice = 125,50), an error occurs when you try to open the </P> ( p3 ^3 ~" @! e, V8 |+ I3 ?<P>Recordset. This is because during concatenation, the number will be converted </P>4 H* l5 s- z# L
<P>to a string using your system's default decimal character, and SQL only </P> . z$ @: q% C' E8 J<P>accepts U.S. decimal characters.</P>