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标题: 数字的奇妙：素数 [打印本页]

作者: clanswer 时间: 2010-4-13 11:41
标题: 数字的奇妙：素数
本帖最后由 clanswer 于 2010-4-13 11:43 编辑

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Entries A to Z.
1 [) b8 Q D+ ~0 O6 Aabc conjecture.
! R u. W- N$ {/ tabundant number.
% [- ~7 e) @5 x5 R: `5 o: SAKS algorithm for primality testing.
/ E( u. |+ h& m# ^% ealiquot sequences (sociable chains).
4 n3 c- B B' t8 B) C R& L walmost-primes.
amicable numbers.
, v/ N5 x @ [amicable curiosities.
, o) h$ R% j8 S2 yAndrica’s conjecture. + x ^% T$ q- l, i+ _5 `9 o
arithmetic progressions, of primes. 4 o& n, H) {2 b6 e4 h9 K
Aurifeuillian factorization.
- ~, E* k4 L& G6 Raverage prime. R; E7 }5 G' {- k- c$ x
Bang’s theorem.
2 |' w# s% m, aBateman’s conjecture. 0 Z" b5 {; |% r7 V4 x: |
Beal’s conjecture, and prize. ; N8 K1 H `8 W1 D- {) a6 S
Benford’s law. # q, M* x9 r5 ^6 g
Bernoulli numbers. " B( R% S- p& f' ?, G
Bernoulli number curiosities.
/ ?1 D4 p7 w' N% |" }' jBertrand’s postulate.
7 k% [# q) I# A$ XBonse’s inequality.
1 M# H2 e; i9 {' [1 t4 XBrier numbers.
/ N4 F. p# l2 f4 z; uBrocard’s conjecture.
Brun’s constant.
) K3 w4 F: s0 {4 F/ WBuss’s function.
3 }; ~ E7 c4 e2 o8 hCarmichael numbers. 9 ^5 r2 [, V# c( j4 X& ~0 \
Catalan’s conjecture. # A4 G, U% |' h6 D, F5 b! _8 M- U
Catalan’s Mersenne conjecture. . D9 D8 A3 {, Y0 ^% C8 Y
Champernowne’s constant.
' L& _" ]9 y! o# a9 h/ j) B' pchampion numbers. / g0 W& i5 V4 E) ^
Chinese remainder theorem. 8 \1 V& f8 K7 o0 V
cicadas and prime periods. 8 E9 L' A& J8 D& K% A
circle, prime. 6 y0 u d. O' v. T0 \$ K* Q _
circular prime. - k% u( F6 Y; a) H
Clay prizes, the. 4 F) S' s8 ^, R- ~$ {
compositorial.
! h$ r7 o( ^/ x7 A+ \concatenation of primes.
8 b+ F4 Z6 `# Qconjectures.
& N" D4 i! j8 O$ X+ m& f$ {consecutive integer sequence. 4 Z2 l c3 w1 T ?6 E$ C
consecutive numbers. . e% r$ Y+ K% I1 M+ z$ E
consecutive primes, sums of.
0 @1 J7 W. d( hConway’s prime-producing machine. , A: {8 p$ z2 c& p# J. s- v, }
cousin primes.
4 s! T7 `& c* KCullen primes.
/ ?0 u. _) l. j% MCunningham project. ! f/ S a( R) e/ v/ s( B2 K3 O
Cunningham chains. # w; s# t/ w7 C- G* d9 T; o4 C
decimals, recurring (periodic). 8 t8 n6 W6 a8 f- j% i* z) e' y
the period of 1/13. . Q3 x: S: _# C, b
cyclic numbers.
1 m- j$ d* d. kArtin’s conjecture.
& }0 L' E/ f5 |0 g9 }5 t3 Rthe repunit connection.
" V0 E8 q3 x+ Y; k* ^magic squares.
9 E7 U! _. Z/ g8 Edeficient number.
" D: Y6 m. i; \8 J! A A' |) Sdeletable and truncatable primes.
9 W0 e6 M% [$ H+ @" r/ {- {Demlo numbers.
$ R4 A! Y& y7 R4 t; Bdescriptive primes. 9 H: h7 A0 m0 ^& r/ |
Dickson’s conjecture.
7 h4 b+ Q2 W& @digit properties.
 e5 c e% w- ?2 s( e. p- BDiophantus (c. AD 200; d. 284).
$ Q) D1 f/ n% `7 v3 i. ADirichlet’s theorem and primes in arithmetic series. # C$ [7 r- w& n5 v# f0 v
primes in polynomials.
5 [6 z9 m: [, o5 c. [2 |7 cdistributed computing.
( Z. Z( [) Q2 b8 ^( w) _' Pdivisibility tests.
- _ e1 T) h" \8 L; L& T) idivisors (factors).
0 @" p: K8 K+ M! {0 M; j) Y( ihow many divisors? how big is d(n)?
' S6 V) f& E. S' Srecord number of divisors.
/ a9 x k1 i. p1 N) J( S1 L/ mcuriosities of d(n). , j1 ~ y) i9 y: u9 e% X
divisors and congruences.
 p u( l4 z/ ]9 Xthe sum of divisors function. 6 | l6 i4 i; J' k4 n
the size of σ(n). : g( _3 T/ [! b1 ]+ x
a recursive formula. - Z+ D* i/ F& n M {2 }! S7 r& _" T
divisors and partitions. 7 J! S. m. l3 o9 B$ t+ _
curiosities of σ(n). # y, }$ n$ a. Q5 D9 J- ~' t8 _) X
prime factors.
/ M4 c& J" D, @) O9 v' `divisor curiosities.
2 q4 @, W0 Q3 I; Q/ Heconomical numbers. % n2 ?1 r/ E. s' e. W1 J8 z( W
Electronic Frontier Foundation.
# ]' T% E ^4 u) E6 _, k/ ~elliptic curve primality proving. 2 _9 {/ c$ N. O
emirp.
# W% T. g' \" }Eratosthenes of Cyrene, the sieve of. 4 i' L3 \- N8 E8 @6 { A# E
Erd?s, Paul (1913–1996).
: Y* H8 B$ v8 a3 C# R+ lhis collaborators and Erd?s numbers. 3 H! _& q& b% M
errors.
, w6 F* b8 ?1 QEuclid (c. 330–270 BC). 8 q& q# {* ^. x' ]6 L' |. n
unique factorization.
: ~* }% C+ B/ a&Radic;2 is irrational. 8 J, v1 k8 h1 r
Euclid and the infinity of primes. " D) u% D7 k; \; P- \
consecutive composite numbers.
) E2 D8 t+ K& u& t; R6 H1 |primes of the form 4n +3. & \1 w' G4 C7 B
a recursive sequence.
# Q: i y# V' d& TEuclid and the first perfect number. 0 R# B7 a+ u4 U3 Z- Q7 w
Euclidean algorithm. ! Z# n! @5 a' e% {! i0 N/ l! T( ?
Euler, Leonhard (1707–1783).
0 S+ X1 O0 l- F' wEuler’s convenient numbers.
0 j# p! s2 p pthe Basel problem.
, z B. K5 y* p: J' w: DEuler’s constant.
1 K0 x# o* ^6 Q0 v6 u/ {) PEuler and the reciprocals of the primes.
: s% {( b! _) L* t3 ]7 uEuler’s totient (phi) function. - F) r& O. J2 e o
Carmichael’s totient function conjecture. ) ]$ |% L! {8 Y( [) r f5 ]# A
curiosities of φ(n). 8 v' u$ k: I/ Y/ G! f8 ?( \
Euler’s quadratic.
& w4 M) u, {& @* jthe Lucky Numbers of Euler. 2 ]1 w$ L( O3 h1 g: U' H8 L
factorial.
* E) c2 Q$ I7 F! z0 jfactors of factorials. # _1 ?% M. l$ Z4 Q7 `% m) i
factorial primes.
! n) P3 @8 `. e G; ~8 Lfactorial sums. . x( E: Q, ~8 B r
factorials, double, triple . . . . 3 t& N) R/ G! n; v5 [' ~
factorization, methods of.
' S& Y. Y; A- j$ Yfactors of particular forms.
/ B) F: m8 q! `Fermat’s algorithm. Y" M$ z! Z) a! K& V$ a1 C$ P- y
Legendre’s method. d# A7 j, y N$ k3 p
congruences and factorization.
( k9 k8 B: N; ^2 k$ y# l& ~how difficult is it to factor large numbers?
6 {% d7 w% W2 m0 R" |quantum computation.
; d2 x$ Y3 f6 eFeit-Thompson conjecture.
( ? m6 A! J6 i; e4 t9 b" M& bFermat, Pierre de (1607–1665).
. C, o& X! c, @* BFermat’s Little Theorem.
) [* f: z9 I' @7 sFermat quotient. * `) O2 X3 Q1 {+ x7 B
Fermat and primes of the form x2 + y2.
! z4 r2 l" I; N/ w7 t' g" dFermat’s conjecture, Fermat numbers, and Fermat primes.
$ Z7 Y. W) p2 F, _ y- X q6 c: KFermat factorization, from F5 to F30. 7 d* b( x, x1 s& @5 |2 F
Generalized Fermat numbers. 8 o6 X6 Y, ~2 l( Z* H
Fermat’s Last Theorem.
8 N! {" `+ ^. H! g! Nthe first case of Fermat’s Last Theorem. 3 M: I8 d. ~, K! ^+ m
Wall-Sun-Sun primes.
' `1 Y5 }. H) d' {3 m& f0 u7 M( jFermat-Catalan equation and conjecture. 0 r$ U$ l7 R* W& r
Fibonacci numbers. 4 j3 P2 ^% Z e( l! o! Z3 B2 }
divisibility properties.
! \5 l) |, _* p# sFibonacci curiosities. 0 I$ n4 l+ [! W
édouard Lucas and the Fibonacci numbers.
7 N# a9 z" y. a' t% g5 p& H7 M. AFibonacci composite sequences.
6 x9 J3 ]$ W( Xformulae for primes. 7 t4 A8 h/ M3 @+ j0 M2 N
Fortunate numbers and Fortune’s conjecture. ! K$ x, w9 z: f7 v
gaps between primes and composite runs. - Z" ~1 g" u: H* P, m) W; q& n1 Q o
Gauss, Johann Carl Friedrich (1777–1855).
: C c7 v, p Y( k8 j q' N) `Gauss and the distribution of primes. ( s% A. o6 @8 L+ [$ w! w- T
Gaussian primes. 2 @% F+ x. u0 f; E, a
Gauss’s circle problem. 9 o2 |' j" I1 T* A( }; v3 k2 i7 q% }
Gilbreath’s conjecture.
& U6 \0 Q* U- y2 d! UGIMPS—Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search.
+ [0 F5 I# Y* o/ xGiuga’s conjecture. # L- h! n% K& E
Giuga numbers.
# E/ V. P& [% FGoldbach’s conjecture.
3 ?/ u, g7 E% E/ T- _3 agood primes. ' b5 [2 o& z1 u1 j% ]* A6 x
Grimm’s problem. * D# d: l" |* k
Hardy, G. H. (1877–1947).
8 T6 h2 h* v, }( XHardy-Littlewood conjectures.
5 e2 n% p( Z/ r9 o# qheuristic reasoning. 7 y& U5 b0 V# q
a heuristic argument by George Pólya.
7 {" o% V: Q5 o) q; S* EHilbert’s 23 problems. 8 c }2 p9 z/ ^5 ^
home prime. - {0 ^& f; Y' u) t7 [ |8 p6 j- k2 @
hypothesis H.
9 ?7 c( }/ _( G/ c7 M# a1 willegal prime. w# t, Z' t. K9 \) B
inconsummate number.
7 l1 M, _1 A0 a6 B4 O, t: Cinduction.
& E' A6 `1 O+ m, bjumping champion. ( N( C1 }8 A" K m
k-tuples conjecture, prime. . A! `0 f8 h. f8 W
knots, prime and composite. & I7 ?& m% z* P: h- V) N6 Z2 h# j
Landau, Edmund (1877–1938).
& S1 y2 _' g1 K$ I# Pleft-truncatable prime.
) Q/ J. o' o- ^5 F" yLegendre, A. M. (1752–1833). - l" V. N3 N3 f7 P3 |
Lehmer, Derrick Norman (1867–1938).
5 w- ^$ I8 _- qLehmer, Derrick Henry (1905–1991). ! h) p; [0 Z# L8 r
Linnik’s constant.
7 _' d2 L S# C b# z$ hLiouville, Joseph (1809–1882).
% M3 N( o A2 H9 D: \/ ~Littlewood’s theorem.
 L3 h* _- y& m lthe prime numbers race. 3 w4 I3 ]: J! ]* r: Y9 x& I9 x; p
Lucas, édouard (1842–1891). 5 L. b% i2 G$ N9 f2 E& F
the Lucas sequence.
' ?4 J; u# Q# W) f( Uprimality testing. 7 T. ?8 S0 w# E! n" U* O
Lucas’s game of calculation. $ y! T. E* F# k
the Lucas-Lehmer test.
2 `, \! a# H9 o& o/ ulucky numbers. 9 `/ f/ n8 O# f5 Y ~
the number of lucky numbers and primes. # P) ?0 O8 Z# n- r, D
“random” primes. 1 _$ |3 A; s- y; P
magic squares.
6 G, H! [/ _; s2 P8 a: S3 PMatijasevic and Hilbert’s 10th problem. 8 g0 u8 M8 G" ^+ n( t
Mersenne numbers and Mersenne primes.
- Y4 y7 y/ h( c+ WMersenne numbers. ( q8 ^6 {" l3 Q6 r
hunting for Mersenne primes.
' q6 e9 V0 P4 m1 C! Ythe coming of electronic computers. z1 N: ]" _# F2 f% h
Mersenne prime conjectures.
) w! j! C& ^# p9 Y* bthe New Mersenne conjecture.
. l- p! D; z0 p/ _, \2 ohow many Mersenne primes?
5 T {& Z4 S0 r3 K9 L: U+ NEberhart’s conjecture. $ Z9 p# {4 ]! S
factors of Mersenne numbers.
/ k# g# _: q' TLucas-Lehmer test for Mersenne primes. & Z% I8 \ U4 A2 ~# Y: S8 f" J+ w
Mertens constant. 1 C7 D! f! V4 X% M+ y
Mertens theorem.
* d8 p0 ?* ?; `2 ?2 F. [$ hMills’ theorem. 5 r; S! ?3 @. K$ J$ v- U; @
Wright’s theorem.
7 q. A* S( `. z7 E% f/ Gmixed bag.
, G3 E/ g% h1 [: {; R: omultiplication, fast.
* r- H9 ?8 a" F3 [5 FNiven numbers. 2 f6 a# v% s% l% k* U: b
odd numbers as p + 2a2. ( m- x/ w9 M! W
Opperman’s conjecture. 9 L- {' @" \4 v: a: R5 b. X
palindromic primes. + H& l% V" f! m& x! c b
pandigital primes. ! G9 j0 L3 g1 n; {- E
Pascal’s ** and the binomial coefficients. / _, |4 p2 h* P. |; q
Pascal’s ** and Sierpinski’s gasket. 4 c: S0 u# ^0 \& y4 O5 d- X
Pascal ** curiosities. 6 V" @* U9 I, H: V ~
patents on prime numbers.
9 c" ]% B' u" Q8 m1 [' P3 {* nPépin’s test for Fermat numbers.
6 n$ i( U6 `+ y# ~perfect numbers.
 U& o6 o8 n; v* ^$ jodd perfect numbers.
( r6 M( _+ c5 u eperfect, multiply. 8 y: U* Y, H8 |3 t( |7 ~" Y
permutable primes. K/ l( @7 a* \7 h5 l: @
π, primes in the decimal expansion of. - o% ?! P" I, H# W3 n7 ]) [
Pocklington’s theorem. 4 g2 R: m; P" n- ~
Polignac’s conjectures. ( t& n1 }* r5 o8 M
Polignac or obstinate numbers.
 w1 M5 k* |5 {# d8 G( L" `powerful numbers. 6 o) j4 t! ^9 t- q! z
primality testing.
: H* I0 @0 s8 T9 e- b; vprobabilistic methods.
( }1 ^+ O4 s2 T+ b. } {prime number graph. ' D+ G5 ?' q( ]) U! w
prime number theorem and the prime counting function. ' o' m! j6 ^+ K
history. j4 X1 M6 n# m8 ? p
elementary proof.
( B) _" W# V! h3 Y# g: X: r2 ]/ irecord calculations. + c1 h0 | G. H( A) H$ A5 F6 H
estimating p(n). ) H: E; q" ]& [) f0 \0 O$ G
calculating p(n).
( X Y0 d/ W( T9 E+ L& e+ ba curiosity. ( t# j% {1 ?/ c# i* u! S9 {
prime pretender. 6 H) w( F r4 n9 W( ?7 ~9 n
primitive prime factor. 4 a T& O1 N: d. Z
primitive roots. 9 m, N2 a6 ^2 T/ A& \! ?
Artin’s conjecture. , u" C" e f4 ]0 F
a curiosity.
2 w0 v" \. J2 ?, y1 c1 `- |# l, Bprimordial.
7 ~6 t: D0 J. Y9 X) r0 h; h8 H7 \primorial primes. 9 l; R; \7 {) x% ^) }: K8 y
Proth’s theorem. 7 M* @# \2 w0 D/ ]
pseudoperfect numbers.
6 B4 ]# `; j' k7 E6 m0 W% dpseudoprimes. 2 ^+ ~) d2 r! t9 G( u( ]+ k! K
bases and pseudoprimes. 6 A" ]4 i, C+ ?2 Y( }" ~. X
pseudoprimes, strong.
2 V6 `$ _ F; p9 x' ]% ]2 o2 }public key encryption. % q. r' b! r u( D; P0 `) a
pyramid, prime. 6 w7 w, c: q0 C7 D# V! R
Pythagorean **s, prime. ' T: B4 J* @8 q+ Q/ ^5 z
quadratic residues.
0 V) `7 l3 J. i8 B2 V5 yresidual curiosities. 0 Y1 _$ b. O0 g8 V) X
polynomial congruences. . E) A' h, y0 ~# s# T
quadratic reciprocity, law of.
) c; J9 [3 |) YEuler’s criterion. 3 c1 z7 n w ~# }! l9 n6 w0 K4 q
Ramanujan, Srinivasa (1887–1920).
1 u' i; E) i' [: o5 E; X3 f) xhighly composite numbers. y5 ?1 p9 ]! v- i' N4 i
randomness, of primes. 2 y# d9 }- x5 Y, d+ s
Von Sternach and a prime random walk. 1 c5 r9 k3 b+ A* o$ E* U7 r
record primes.
4 D! @! y {% O E; Ysome records.
7 `1 u s( x+ l# f3 c, _: Brepunits, prime.
5 P. \) `# d. N' vRhonda numbers. * A+ z4 A3 P: U' Q; {1 _$ ^
Riemann hypothesis. " T: h2 y* e5 A+ Y' |
the Farey sequence and the Riemann hypothesis.
" Z& D: T$ W, H9 M% jthe Riemann hypothesis and σ(n), the sum of divisors function.
, O+ }+ M; B, R! {% Dsquarefree and blue and red numbers.
2 R8 c% n" @4 r* [% e) Ithe Mertens conjecture.
: S, V, N4 Z5 ]7 xRiemann hypothesis curiosities.
( X. N9 A$ D) c; E/ w% z0 E+ X. [Riesel number.
0 i+ C2 I- ~! Y$ eright-truncatable prime.
* X( X6 D! A' s: y& Y# |RSA algorithm.
2 I- A% W4 n, HMartin Gardner’s challenge.
% P5 Y @0 Z+ o8 ]- B* TRSA Factoring Challenge, the New.
; V5 T: Q9 s. P# `; URuth-Aaron numbers.
/ r- K& @8 C) y& U ^Scherk’s conjecture. + m3 g3 a! d# P
semi-primes. $ O! _: q9 ]- b% F3 G$ g7 v t; V
**y primes. % l6 z; i0 p7 k; v: A
Shank’s conjecture. $ v! W& c# ], Q, ^% E7 s6 R
Siamese primes. 4 ?' `/ B/ O8 P, D, k& S. m, }
Sierpinski numbers. ; I( u! | l) E: c" z
Sierpinski strings. 2 i4 H# h: U# l
Sierpinski’s quadratic.
* n" N9 G8 b. a, r! |3 E1 J- wSierpinski’s φ(n) conjecture. n d1 I. o+ d
Sloane’s On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences. : v ?" `) N! J3 U
Smith numbers. 8 {$ E- X2 E+ X$ h
Smith brothers. 8 L/ r2 ]7 k. l( C9 J& e
smooth numbers. ) n; @ W* G8 U/ T+ t7 f7 [
Sophie Germain primes. 9 q0 z$ ]" W+ I v
safe primes.
( W0 f+ x, C p! D+ l0 |squarefree numbers.
2 K; |: {2 o) J( l; LStern prime. 7 I6 W- I( i& m$ t
strong law of small numbers. 6 B5 r t, Z! j2 Y
triangular numbers.
- v+ G4 a$ E! t4 M! atrivia. 1 {2 l7 @/ O6 U7 X: x" ~- r4 u) B
twin primes. ( m; l3 ~: @3 b9 B7 W" f! }
twin curiosities. 2 T: G9 e% ]% P4 A0 M8 g, }
Ulam spiral.
& e4 R4 |/ h7 p; W) Eunitary divisors. ; [8 _$ H2 {3 q9 ^
unitary perfect.
untouchable numbers.
. @" r" Q- H& ]weird numbers.
 m3 s- P; N* W6 f' Z PWieferich primes. / Z; t; }: s! U* o) N& d6 Q# _
Wilson’s theorem. 8 X2 Z+ ^1 s, s
twin primes.
* K, l2 v/ [ h6 R4 w8 dWilson primes. ! W$ l4 }$ w4 }, w
Wolstenholme’s numbers, and theorems.
* ^( M4 j9 j; ^6 ~6 {2 @more factors of Wolstenholme numbers.
' w8 j& q! G2 g0 K. rWoodall primes.
zeta mysteries: the quantum connection.

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作者: risiketu 时间: 2010-4-27 18:48
解压密码是什么啊？在哪里能找到解压密码呢？

作者: risiketu 时间: 2010-4-27 18:48
不好意思我找到了解压密码了谢谢大家

作者: mightyrock 时间: 2010-5-8 20:12
楼主强大，支持楼主，不过我就不下了吧~~~~~~~~~~~~

作者: clanswer 时间: 2010-5-8 20:18
回复 4# mightyrock

多谢支持

作者: 风痕 时间: 2010-5-14 22:39
似乎看不懂………………………………………………

作者: clanswer 时间: 2010-5-14 22:44
回复 6# 风痕

哦？是吗？呵呵

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