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标题: 数字的奇妙：素数 [打印本页]

作者: clanswer 时间: 2010-4-13 11:41
标题: 数字的奇妙：素数
本帖最后由 clanswer 于 2010-4-13 11:43 编辑

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Entries A to Z.
2 C( B1 A) W# ~# S4 }2 Uabc conjecture. 8 m3 |. e7 R( Y. O
abundant number. $ P0 o3 @4 W, H3 ` v
AKS algorithm for primality testing. K" ]! o h7 k. I
aliquot sequences (sociable chains).
0 N. q9 C2 b4 E" T6 L8 z0 g1 Ralmost-primes.
* j0 W8 A8 O# d9 Y0 j0 iamicable numbers. 5 H" x" _; F9 ~0 G0 T0 l2 a9 G7 ?
amicable curiosities. + y; U9 P. t7 S0 |
Andrica’s conjecture.
+ |3 D3 F9 U7 ?) R, j/ q( sarithmetic progressions, of primes.
* I) ]5 }+ y b; v- oAurifeuillian factorization.
( ~% o5 p- b, m& i% u% l) L& Waverage prime. 0 L' ~# C! K# z
Bang’s theorem.
1 }) S. N! p% x' cBateman’s conjecture.
1 z w6 X+ y0 T) t$ v4 l6 ABeal’s conjecture, and prize.
6 k0 W& L5 x; C. ]3 z2 SBenford’s law. 8 m* _7 J, p3 l/ F# W5 f" L
Bernoulli numbers.
$ E" C3 Y" {3 W- z. ]Bernoulli number curiosities.
; Z' R$ H: i: rBertrand’s postulate.
. _, K! I/ G7 _# n7 aBonse’s inequality.
Brier numbers.
1 H L: |% S1 V" @; B" m r4 YBrocard’s conjecture.
Brun’s constant. , b% B( O: v! l$ \2 g
Buss’s function. $ O% f0 B3 p& F! E+ _$ k& H
Carmichael numbers.
6 X' K% x$ b4 I" m. t' ACatalan’s conjecture. 0 d& U' i$ ?) d- y5 m3 y
Catalan’s Mersenne conjecture. 9 B' ]) i8 I# X9 L
Champernowne’s constant.
5 [% c/ y U& rchampion numbers.
5 H* W8 e0 E2 S! `; K* V4 G; ~! MChinese remainder theorem.
: Z4 U) x8 D Q6 Ncicadas and prime periods. # C5 w: a. z) R7 i$ M9 ^' d
circle, prime. ' t, f+ v7 \* Q1 g% U2 x2 N
circular prime.
5 |7 N0 c6 b8 N m7 Z7 @2 ^. C8 ~2 @Clay prizes, the. 1 j3 {1 P8 m( D: {- i6 R
compositorial. + G' D" u8 }" }6 g+ ? A0 X9 Y
concatenation of primes.
3 g; q' h# F9 b$ G5 L: L2 Econjectures.
0 p0 r }1 B- W, Bconsecutive integer sequence.
3 j/ T" T' N2 u8 lconsecutive numbers.
5 f4 t: V. I9 jconsecutive primes, sums of. 6 E9 H9 w, G, O2 O5 B
Conway’s prime-producing machine. * k2 }6 u/ d; Q6 o- _3 l9 c
cousin primes.
4 `2 K6 B9 L$ _Cullen primes. ' E* ?' X" x M9 a1 a
Cunningham project. % V) ]* R. |7 X: u6 n3 k$ L& j6 Y( a7 B r
Cunningham chains.
3 j t9 a8 w% ]( s1 _; J2 f3 d. xdecimals, recurring (periodic). % S/ n' p' p6 S4 Z6 Y
the period of 1/13.
7 m% O( t6 V% K4 ^: rcyclic numbers. 1 ^' E* C" }$ C' l9 { ]' a' ]! \
Artin’s conjecture.
; l0 X( P$ _' b. fthe repunit connection.
% s- L" I' L+ z8 H. q" O2 W* Mmagic squares.
+ u- r! { [% j8 ]' J$ a. C" Ddeficient number. - v. c& V2 W+ j+ U) `8 [
deletable and truncatable primes. ' m, Q; c9 x2 s5 F. Y
Demlo numbers.
& K0 z! p( n0 g, p! H9 j& Jdescriptive primes. + f- w+ Z5 ]& L. K/ Y+ l
Dickson’s conjecture.
* d$ O E) |/ Q! xdigit properties.
/ Z& p5 G9 x; wDiophantus (c. AD 200; d. 284). / \. X# ~8 l9 r: a" b
Dirichlet’s theorem and primes in arithmetic series. - ?. y' O! K- W% e" @% |
primes in polynomials. $ k1 C3 l; c( g5 n+ @
distributed computing.
$ C1 ]$ `- ]) B9 ldivisibility tests.
0 T' B" Q0 X/ ~, kdivisors (factors). O' C% A" D3 m Y
how many divisors? how big is d(n)? 4 m* V2 s1 W! S- s& A
record number of divisors. ) u3 y5 T O8 y% r0 W6 b* {+ k
curiosities of d(n). 8 b0 [0 E6 s' s7 M! [0 W' w, x
divisors and congruences.
6 ]3 X5 D9 w) zthe sum of divisors function.
+ g& X' ]* y5 z( y0 \8 V; M7 i; ythe size of σ(n).
9 {" M$ D8 J# B# t- za recursive formula. 2 l( Q: x: Z5 E) N! o/ U8 Q3 T+ N& x: O
divisors and partitions.
; q6 G4 }( Z2 mcuriosities of σ(n).
' c# y3 Z) p+ f/ _: [+ R. Fprime factors. + c4 I2 k# c! c) R
divisor curiosities. 2 p7 a8 M- B/ w+ i+ x8 m" }/ [, J, v5 A
economical numbers. 1 L6 ` v4 h* R/ C
Electronic Frontier Foundation.
: R3 A3 T" l0 i5 |$ c) Y* eelliptic curve primality proving. 2 G6 }) h% m4 k( i6 |
emirp.
! e+ U) w& c; T" y: B; b2 x d" Z7 OEratosthenes of Cyrene, the sieve of.
" q3 N$ D* j2 X) L i: X) aErd?s, Paul (1913–1996).
6 m' g: h. s9 S2 ~his collaborators and Erd?s numbers.
 _8 ?. k# E! {errors.
" l/ r* \( r; u1 I& iEuclid (c. 330–270 BC). : P% m) r$ F& J+ |/ x8 m4 j
unique factorization. 3 {0 ^' T, t! r7 u8 n
&Radic;2 is irrational.
; S" f7 D' H- x+ A6 iEuclid and the infinity of primes.
6 z* k: V- f; p% C* E+ I- p3 y: ]consecutive composite numbers.
! J0 y$ @/ F' j# F) f) E, J* {; Qprimes of the form 4n +3. : u/ [9 t, A9 z0 z/ x' S
a recursive sequence. 4 g: z6 ?* v- p4 n1 _2 q6 @$ f
Euclid and the first perfect number.
/ w( }+ D/ N( m9 y/ O9 TEuclidean algorithm.
5 R0 \( t/ H$ r' D# y! V4 g( kEuler, Leonhard (1707–1783).
3 t2 i' z; t( M! Z; Y: k6 V5 _" AEuler’s convenient numbers. 2 V9 B% f6 q/ @$ u# u
the Basel problem. + `1 C5 E c* D) |+ S% \
Euler’s constant. ; k, d. H$ |% O2 {
Euler and the reciprocals of the primes. 4 B! I9 Z2 M, _. d6 h
Euler’s totient (phi) function.
( o4 B- G. i: o# z3 w& mCarmichael’s totient function conjecture. 4 |* E- ~8 o- k. W1 j: m3 s$ w
curiosities of φ(n).
5 N. [6 C0 Y$ z: T8 X1 i3 r3 _. H" oEuler’s quadratic. : x& R# F( S9 ^( U1 ^
the Lucky Numbers of Euler.
# }8 H- ? F. Hfactorial.
+ b: x' e) L$ D4 A: P( p' Tfactors of factorials. 6 N1 {) `. h7 C: Q* ?* v* L
factorial primes.
2 Q. D. A4 E( O C2 P' B& }1 Z' Dfactorial sums.
" A/ N/ E. e" |- ]factorials, double, triple . . . .
( U& A6 i" W4 J( [9 h9 |factorization, methods of.
- B6 r7 ]( q& z7 E8 lfactors of particular forms.
- z9 d2 ]4 V' P) W" l b" _3 uFermat’s algorithm.
( @+ {. b* R7 Y' Y# L, tLegendre’s method.
# l' K7 O; J l2 ?congruences and factorization.
! ~ c' k+ }/ @6 u2 E1 nhow difficult is it to factor large numbers? ) m2 V0 [6 f( m! `' L8 [
quantum computation. ( \1 L2 l. g( i% h9 A5 Y( Q
Feit-Thompson conjecture.
2 F3 z: {2 Y4 @& D+ {0 [& fFermat, Pierre de (1607–1665).
2 v6 u2 g0 e7 S x. {( g" mFermat’s Little Theorem. 3 ]0 _$ p6 V8 t3 S ]/ t
Fermat quotient.
" `( \1 @, z+ a0 w1 Z) KFermat and primes of the form x2 + y2. , T- k7 s- P1 @3 s
Fermat’s conjecture, Fermat numbers, and Fermat primes. v5 U" U+ _% V1 V+ k8 ]$ [" k
Fermat factorization, from F5 to F30.
* q- e2 i' F& r# JGeneralized Fermat numbers. ' s& v' s9 {, h3 a' e
Fermat’s Last Theorem.
6 H. _( I7 h8 A9 [6 y. Kthe first case of Fermat’s Last Theorem.
, z5 Z0 o; M6 GWall-Sun-Sun primes. ; T w7 y# P: K* x' t
Fermat-Catalan equation and conjecture. " O7 F/ i( K) \8 A
Fibonacci numbers. 1 I+ V% A9 h t) G0 B5 @
divisibility properties. : k+ i* D, w6 V5 }
Fibonacci curiosities. ' f: X" [9 h$ @7 ^8 K: v
édouard Lucas and the Fibonacci numbers. % p; v# w0 L8 D7 O" x& t
Fibonacci composite sequences.
9 r: V$ h/ `! c" Zformulae for primes.
* n6 D8 b2 d* `, ], dFortunate numbers and Fortune’s conjecture. 4 u! W2 \+ o. m7 i. ~$ U$ X* _ M) ^4 o
gaps between primes and composite runs.
; I: ~+ i: T9 L2 E$ @& O7 LGauss, Johann Carl Friedrich (1777–1855). , L2 h* V; u1 m' H
Gauss and the distribution of primes.
5 X2 `! Q' }: C1 eGaussian primes. . s7 n/ o/ `" p
Gauss’s circle problem.
2 c, H3 L/ g! `( hGilbreath’s conjecture.
: J2 _& ^2 }/ S4 X" X8 i1 fGIMPS—Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search.
' t7 a1 F! b" g0 S% ]$ A1 [: [Giuga’s conjecture. 1 Y( ^9 _/ U& r3 \. v J* M, w
Giuga numbers. 7 h# n/ c `* ]( U8 Z, Y4 j
Goldbach’s conjecture.
0 }8 C' l# n" Xgood primes.
* S$ C5 \8 y% AGrimm’s problem.
: N2 f- W6 _, d2 Z$ N' }Hardy, G. H. (1877–1947). : K5 F6 e9 o0 f: L1 g
Hardy-Littlewood conjectures.
) q/ b I) V" t; Q9 _$ ~3 Vheuristic reasoning.
7 y0 R$ j' M' s6 s, X: `% Ka heuristic argument by George Pólya.
' D5 s$ t' ? y) h5 `Hilbert’s 23 problems. % L0 W: a, `7 @) Y% n7 Q3 |) A
home prime. 1 W4 C$ F1 _/ E* l0 m
hypothesis H. a; m% ?9 |* }; g0 y8 ^/ ?+ J
illegal prime.
: ^ C7 Z7 T# f" Pinconsummate number. * z e* u) c4 G+ K, Z" W" r
induction. ' [% `( D% ^/ h* S
jumping champion.
; N) z1 _8 g% v, X9 C pk-tuples conjecture, prime.
$ U. v; k1 `" ]5 r: I: uknots, prime and composite.
( k) D/ p# t/ x/ s; N) \$ rLandau, Edmund (1877–1938).
5 i, e2 Z' y! ^7 Pleft-truncatable prime.
. t# ^: X* B2 c0 Z$ [# `5 n9 mLegendre, A. M. (1752–1833).
- I) a9 V' H; V4 yLehmer, Derrick Norman (1867–1938).
1 f) j: u( _! M6 d$ DLehmer, Derrick Henry (1905–1991).
5 Q3 Z) a2 w7 h% M+ n2 f0 kLinnik’s constant.
/ Z! ~8 J3 T# ]" j, v4 R' eLiouville, Joseph (1809–1882). ^9 y3 k Q4 h- W
Littlewood’s theorem. / [" V( e2 e# l' N1 A! F
the prime numbers race. ; s' s3 B9 R9 A) b. f/ h, \$ }
Lucas, édouard (1842–1891). 8 i( k- |5 p7 C
the Lucas sequence. 1 _: ^8 M, d2 s, M$ w( ]: A
primality testing. 9 ?, w' ~, `0 Q
Lucas’s game of calculation. % z' F0 Y' q4 c2 b x1 i% ]
the Lucas-Lehmer test.
; L. G D/ t5 ~3 r/ k/ F, alucky numbers. ; d. ]( j, l. t
the number of lucky numbers and primes.
" r8 B I' E8 ~9 Z2 X“random” primes. ! Y! j9 Q/ w U1 s/ B) O
magic squares. 5 Z7 [9 n) M, ~- S
Matijasevic and Hilbert’s 10th problem. 4 k' w- M$ [& H* O1 y# s" j+ Q6 g8 F
Mersenne numbers and Mersenne primes. 4 {. f7 N% }, k: c) H5 g7 \$ \
Mersenne numbers.
. B+ W4 ~9 v3 h5 k" ^7 Phunting for Mersenne primes.
/ L+ Y( W! P/ W. e$ E( J% Jthe coming of electronic computers. 4 U: B3 p j% N/ ?
Mersenne prime conjectures.
 l' f! @8 ~1 t3 W) W' m) Bthe New Mersenne conjecture.
% u3 r2 b$ l$ B) Y/ D+ @how many Mersenne primes? 7 H0 \# j$ V% U; K3 n5 Z
Eberhart’s conjecture.
1 v$ _- M9 |7 @4 K4 l+ e. Q# q4 Cfactors of Mersenne numbers.
: T% B2 G; l% P: ]: w/ r& aLucas-Lehmer test for Mersenne primes.
) F- I- H' ^ [1 F5 TMertens constant. & d' Q# l* \0 n8 `) I% A
Mertens theorem.
 X; W$ S# [ A2 a, M# ]& ?3 S5 eMills’ theorem.
+ T* @! Q, j5 Y4 i \Wright’s theorem.
# ]. b7 Z; M! ?# a6 L# w' Gmixed bag. * g& A6 `, |" |* _; F/ |
multiplication, fast. W7 k1 L& @# D: n5 y x
Niven numbers.
2 H: h: Z$ F9 C/ y1 zodd numbers as p + 2a2. 4 M; C+ n0 s8 W; m0 i# E
Opperman’s conjecture. 4 j3 @6 b1 g }% l
palindromic primes. + D2 {$ B7 N3 D/ J
pandigital primes.
! Y8 f w8 i/ q, UPascal’s ** and the binomial coefficients.
" i" M8 G) N$ UPascal’s ** and Sierpinski’s gasket. ) k* x+ l7 {% W/ q; Z) V4 ^( I
Pascal ** curiosities. x( }1 N! U5 Z0 D4 U
patents on prime numbers. , `; z( O' @9 F3 @
Pépin’s test for Fermat numbers. 6 T" r3 y' k+ _6 b n
perfect numbers.
8 K4 S4 U$ Q0 F/ Iodd perfect numbers.
4 z, i/ A1 v# s, n: p2 ^perfect, multiply. - |# n/ j! [1 I$ _: T
permutable primes.
' L' G5 J6 n/ R4 `5 [. Iπ, primes in the decimal expansion of. 7 T3 D& y( L$ C# S2 X
Pocklington’s theorem. : h* K9 [" p% X+ f, l) N
Polignac’s conjectures. ; [3 v3 a% W9 _# R2 q3 V
Polignac or obstinate numbers. 2 r O Q) J. p; C) @& V
powerful numbers. % z: v6 q9 w/ K% p3 N
primality testing.
& v G0 v/ N, }5 R& ?probabilistic methods.
' b7 \ G1 R5 r, b* s- `$ [prime number graph.
4 I1 Q# @2 E8 r; @% a1 P( p$ v, Xprime number theorem and the prime counting function.
- j" v$ E, b5 _7 G# p; E4 ?history.
& k- c8 [& t3 j8 o3 s9 y- selementary proof.
8 [5 l3 Q( w+ x0 h9 d3 E( zrecord calculations. 0 n: E2 _' b0 `6 y* i
estimating p(n).
& |2 {/ }; m2 z/ ~0 N( dcalculating p(n).
0 n/ @# j" x# k' i w5 Y" C" x! La curiosity. u6 I6 M2 y% G- P7 ~
prime pretender. 6 {5 j ]; B7 I
primitive prime factor. . R8 M6 u) i' H5 Q/ J+ ~6 ~
primitive roots.
2 G3 v! c$ B) j7 lArtin’s conjecture.
 [, p! \2 ?* ia curiosity.
" e1 e7 U3 k2 dprimordial. 1 Q/ t' `9 \& X W" e7 ]
primorial primes.
# L8 ?; n7 b" pProth’s theorem.
& n( T8 F |! spseudoperfect numbers.
: M: I; F% _& T: ^7 M r5 Mpseudoprimes.
6 N) I/ e: d1 P5 tbases and pseudoprimes.
, t, ^: d% ~2 ~: F& d2 Apseudoprimes, strong. 1 [- b' C1 ^. \; p, \' r
public key encryption. ! ?$ `$ x/ F0 U" H/ G
pyramid, prime.
# y) }9 w: k6 Z% yPythagorean **s, prime. - f# z3 G5 n* a d/ ]& H3 [8 K% f- M
quadratic residues. 9 D5 [# C- y& H/ @
residual curiosities. - j; Z, t. [) m( V" d
polynomial congruences.
+ I+ w8 n; W6 P: l: O3 v! p) P, X% Uquadratic reciprocity, law of.
! `. |, A k4 n4 PEuler’s criterion.
6 M/ {- o+ J: `6 E4 n. `3 @2 vRamanujan, Srinivasa (1887–1920). / H8 H0 S; [4 b# O$ q* \
highly composite numbers. , |7 t9 p, V9 u+ V; g$ X. g
randomness, of primes.
3 H: c1 u, w. Q4 D! s4 O) O2 B- fVon Sternach and a prime random walk. $ W* o+ D0 U& F. c3 K! ?
record primes. 3 x. o4 _. D7 h2 \8 b" y
some records. % p. H3 r8 V8 ^1 M/ m& a2 v5 W3 ~
repunits, prime.
0 \0 d4 B) i$ @* f0 DRhonda numbers.
1 S. x" N: s4 O# B ~Riemann hypothesis. 0 _# x3 x& z9 L8 j
the Farey sequence and the Riemann hypothesis. ' v( a% X4 ^9 Y. ]) K; u$ w
the Riemann hypothesis and σ(n), the sum of divisors function.
$ o' }5 }0 U( ^# Y. fsquarefree and blue and red numbers.
3 \- P3 l+ W! P; y) E) tthe Mertens conjecture.
; ?* P; i5 B# ^. b1 _Riemann hypothesis curiosities. 0 {$ w2 }) g0 ]# D
Riesel number.
4 p6 o. P- y( @5 M5 j% bright-truncatable prime.
: W% A: f4 ]+ A; r3 GRSA algorithm. , M' j! R/ r8 i4 \
Martin Gardner’s challenge. / A4 x9 t; q H
RSA Factoring Challenge, the New.
( l) G9 V# `* t5 J [) c" TRuth-Aaron numbers.
( v6 {* ^, t3 h pScherk’s conjecture.
$ d% f6 T$ M- r+ msemi-primes. 4 W2 i& g6 P9 Q1 e$ R- L0 i
**y primes. 1 s2 I8 ?" S. Q
Shank’s conjecture. ) b; _6 K; v" K9 C1 M' x( @/ z- S. k
Siamese primes.
2 F# _* f: [2 L7 F/ GSierpinski numbers. . n/ m, \! p/ `
Sierpinski strings. 3 |! C; j/ g5 r
Sierpinski’s quadratic. 8 `! g9 R) d* U8 Y
Sierpinski’s φ(n) conjecture. 0 n2 `) \$ A& k2 b1 F* L E
Sloane’s On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences.
5 }. c" H4 O) w/ DSmith numbers.
: S- c( S! M6 \" z# v5 ISmith brothers.
4 Q* D7 U- l6 S' N0 Bsmooth numbers.
' h! w$ y6 r2 ZSophie Germain primes. # r/ X$ S& h ^
safe primes. / u2 ?0 `' n+ F8 [& m6 e, @, d0 x# ?
squarefree numbers.
8 g* F f' E' f9 D- A1 C( TStern prime. " L: u- N3 K h
strong law of small numbers.
: b( _# f6 d' r! S$ atriangular numbers. ! Y3 Z) i' f1 _. }% l
trivia. % y2 v/ I+ G: a( n9 n/ h
twin primes. / \. D& K$ v" ?( B9 O# ]. o
twin curiosities. ' B5 Q, n6 b( R8 V+ y2 C
Ulam spiral. - k& g! t2 x. W- J
unitary divisors.
 @4 Y! A) K6 n% R, q' N' Qunitary perfect. , l& Q; P+ Z' ]5 z* b7 }! _: I8 Q5 X6 N
untouchable numbers.
' I# T1 v0 X7 u# M$ {weird numbers. + r2 F& `: l/ Q: k7 {" @1 {
Wieferich primes. # w4 m. V" ]5 t7 o2 v5 f. F6 X
Wilson’s theorem.
3 z( J2 B! q- n: P+ L& |' utwin primes. 4 Z1 r) \: |8 r3 W" _
Wilson primes.
, t p H# \5 K- p) n. ZWolstenholme’s numbers, and theorems. 5 K$ @/ Y7 p( ?4 o" K0 |# N2 Y
more factors of Wolstenholme numbers.
4 V0 O b3 G6 t! G" {) @, YWoodall primes.
" c$ L. R. X6 Vzeta mysteries: the quantum connection.

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素数.rar (1.44 MB, 下载次数: 12)

作者: risiketu 时间: 2010-4-27 18:48
解压密码是什么啊？在哪里能找到解压密码呢？

作者: risiketu 时间: 2010-4-27 18:48
不好意思我找到了解压密码了谢谢大家

作者: mightyrock 时间: 2010-5-8 20:12
楼主强大，支持楼主，不过我就不下了吧~~~~~~~~~~~~

作者: clanswer 时间: 2010-5-8 20:18
回复 4# mightyrock

多谢支持

作者: 风痕 时间: 2010-5-14 22:39
似乎看不懂………………………………………………

作者: clanswer 时间: 2010-5-14 22:44
回复 6# 风痕

哦？是吗？呵呵

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