QQ登录

只需要一步,快速开始

 注册地址  找回密码
查看: 5058|回复: 1
打印 上一主题 下一主题

[分享]SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换

[复制链接]
字体大小: 正常 放大

2

主题

0

听众

19

积分

升级  14.74%

该用户从未签到

新人进步奖

跳转到指定楼层
1#
发表于 2005-8-8 14:22 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览
|招呼Ta 关注Ta
< >熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
0 z4 O) b5 [' q< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>" B2 o3 Y& a1 v! g5 t
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>
6 f) l& c( \+ \& v4 W1 y. F< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
; s' c- Q( N  q< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P>. |+ P7 `8 j& v1 i& m
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
$ z5 ~9 T! Y3 z" d< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P>0 Q4 k2 Z+ G8 _# A8 Y8 ^! p! n
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 ^1 B1 Z, H$ X! Q. w) c
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P>' I9 \- S% r8 ~. w2 d8 }
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
& I" d" U3 h# @8 }3 z; k< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P>
9 T. R% j' _- |! T1 B" |" |< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
( q7 w. w" }! U7 R* g3 y+ S- y0 `< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P>
' F1 U! x/ h# ^, p* x7 Y" ~) d< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
/ ^1 t! \4 J8 A/ J' _6 ]( N5 \8 R9 ^< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>
& [) b0 D" `9 }/ k8 G8 {< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>7 o3 o3 m7 P6 P  A( v/ ]2 ?2 I' V
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P>+ v/ d. o5 J2 Q
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 o3 Q, L0 G  E/ ?7 _4 v' l
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P>  n! l$ A. A& |) G
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 Y0 w5 z7 t/ D: ]: k! _
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P># k2 ?9 `. P& h5 |. `$ S# a. G4 w
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
: V) X3 r) f' {1 @5 |: z6 F< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>
. w8 Y/ g0 a$ f, V% e2 N< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>! l8 Q1 B5 c( w# |+ M, F  B$ g
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>+ a* l0 X" D$ V% J, ]( Q" q4 |
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 e/ Y, m0 i2 L* f. d, U  j8 M
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>! D5 _- c& u; r; s9 G
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
7 r; i3 }8 w; w0 A8 B<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>' V+ G9 \8 q& M0 \
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>3 q. s- e4 C6 \& J
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>" @# u  C, S- [0 w/ g4 w
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>5 y0 c" s& S) E/ i. Y' @! n+ X
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P>/ ]$ t6 u# d& q  a
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>  r8 H  E/ n5 p- R3 n$ W1 q! Q
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P>4 G' A3 w5 K5 B. ]; R; t
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 C+ V8 q7 o* S1 K
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>& ~. t( ]' m$ [& E5 ]
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
2 k" y% H, U* E. Y5 U4 [4 [8 t" C<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P>0 P! E5 K+ n; j1 r- s
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>. i: u  x2 g# k; `& m' c- L7 ]
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>  f' d+ v% l. l( W" o; \6 n/ G
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
% _. ^; ~  Y* d/ o: o* K* i* i<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>
1 \1 ?9 p6 E: R<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 [) Q  F& [, i: w- s% k, H! @9 z
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>
# L! J# {8 {, u" C7 r. A<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
( M& r# u6 }8 i7 n' m<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>+ i' I2 E4 B9 ?" ]& x# M/ v
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
0 r, m+ e- A( X! ^9 x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>9 n  m% A' g& d% q6 p
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>- q) V7 U4 W7 V- V
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>
0 e9 Z& \" a5 j. P3 }7 z<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>$ ^' I; o5 t( n
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P>
4 F7 A+ C* q  J# d<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>( x" \0 N& R9 w1 x# k6 a' {
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>0 o7 q4 ]5 W7 H# e
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 Z& K6 u7 \+ g2 e6 N& K
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>
' f0 A; j9 B  T2 r<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>1 X( e: t  q; t4 A
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P># v* R  ]  }, T! D3 K. D
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' t2 P" j4 v/ A0 I: }
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>7 Q; c! D/ I' Q$ X! z
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>; ^! h/ ]  w$ c) i* F% `
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P>
+ ]: m% t" H4 _( t- e9 \7 e9 B<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
$ Q* i+ Q7 ~, b. ?+ [9 n0 J& |/ J<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>7 ~& U* @+ A' B. ~2 m1 S  W$ P
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>$ y$ r4 A5 Q# v7 n# I1 B; R
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>. b  i" y7 ?' k
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
- D& @: ^: s3 F9 z  u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!</P>
zan
转播转播0 分享淘帖0 分享分享0 收藏收藏0 支持支持0 反对反对0 微信微信
lzh0601        

2

主题

3

听众

89

积分

升级  88.42%

该用户从未签到

回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 注册地址

qq
收缩
  • 电话咨询

  • 04714969085
fastpost

关于我们| 联系我们| 诚征英才| 对外合作| 产品服务| QQ

手机版|Archiver| |繁體中文 手机客户端  

蒙公网安备 15010502000194号

Powered by Discuz! X2.5   © 2001-2013 数学建模网-数学中国 ( 蒙ICP备14002410号-3 蒙BBS备-0002号 )     论坛法律顾问:王兆丰

GMT+8, 2026-4-13 15:13 , Processed in 0.442457 second(s), 63 queries .

回顶部