2005MCM赛题翻译(初稿)

韩冰

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水灾计划

南卡罗来纳州中部的磨累河是由北部的一个巨大水坝形成的，这是在1930年为了发电而修建的，模拟一起洪水淹没下游的事件，这起事件是由于一次灾难性的地震损毁了水坝造成的。

两个问题：

Rawls Creek是水坝下游流入Saluda河的一条终年流动的河流，则当水坝损毁后在Rawls Creek将会出现多大的洪流，洪水的波及面将有多大？ S.C.国会大厦大楼在一座小山上，在S.C.国会大厦大楼能俯视Congaree 河。洪水能如此巨大顺流以致于水将扩展到S.C.国会大厦大楼吗？

3110100926

啦啦啦啦啦

zysh666666

[em01]看不懂

sunhy

yun

[em06]

韩冰

以下是引用eric007在2005-2-5 9:52:35的发言： [em06]

eric007

[em06]

韩冰

以下是引用sunhy在2005-2-5 0:47:54的发言： thanks

sunhy

thanks

韩冰

以下是引用fancyhanxing在2005-2-4 21:49:45的发言：

Table 1. Total Renewable Freshwater Supply By Country

	Source: P.H. Gleick, 1998, "The World's Water 1998-1999" (Island Press, Washington, DC).
		Annual Renewable Water Resources (km^3/yr)	Year of Estimate	Source of Estimate
Region and Country
AFRICA
	Algeria	14.3	1997	c,j
	Angola	184.0	1987	b
	Benin	25.8	1994	c
	Botswana	14.7	1992	c
	Burkina Faso	17.5	1992	c
	Burundi	3.6	1987	b
	Cameroon	268.0	1987	b
	Cape Verde	0.3	1990	c
	Central African Republic	141.0	1987	b
	Chad	43.0	1987	b
	Comoros	1.0	1987	b
	Congo	832.0	1987	b
	Congo, Democratic Republic (formerly Zaire)	1,019.0	1990	c
	Cote D'Ivoire	77.7	1987	b
	Djibouti	0.3	1997	j
	Egypt	86.8	1997	j
	Equatorial Guinea	30.0	1987	b
	Eritrea	8.8	1990	c
	Ethiopia	110.0	1987	b
	Gabon	164.0	1987	b
	Gambia	8.0	1982	c
	Ghana	53.0	1970	c
	Guinea	226.0	1987	b
	Guinea-Bissau	27.0	1991	c
	Kenya	30.2	1990	c
	Lesotho	5.2	1987	b
	Liberia	232.0	1987	b
	Libya	0.6	1997	c,j
	Madagascar	337.0	1984	c
	Malawi	18.7	1994	c
	Mali	67.0	1987	b
	Mauritania	11.4	1997	c,j
	Mauritius	2.2	1974	c
	Morocco	30.0	1997	c,j
	Mozambique	216.0	1992	c
	Namibia	45.5	1991	c
	Niger	32.5	1988	c
	Nigeria	280.0	1987	b
	Rwanda	6.3	1993	c
	Senegal	39.4	1987	b
	Sierra Leone	160.0	1987	b
	Somalia	15.7	1997	j
	South Africa	50.0	1990	c
	Sudan	154.0	1997	c,j
	Swaziland	4.5	1987	b
	Tanzania	89.0	1994	c
	Togo	11.5	1987	b
	Tunisia	4.1	1997	j
	Uganda	66.0	1970	c
	Zambia	116.0	1994	c
	Zimbabwe	20.0	1987	b
NORTH AND CENTRAL AMERICA
	Barbados	<1	1962	d
	Belize	16.0	1987	b
	Canada	2901.0	1980	d
	Costa Rica	95.0	1970	d
	Cuba	34.5	1975	d
	Dominican Republic	20.0	1987	b
	El Salvador	19.0	1975	d
	Guatemala	116.0	1970	d
	Haiti	11.0	1987	b
	Honduras	83.4	1992	h
	Jamaica	8.3	1975	d
	Mexico	357.4	1975	d
	Nicaragua	175.0	1975	d
	Panama	144.0	1975	d
	Trinidad and Tobago	5.1	1975	d
	United States of America	2478.0	1985	d
SOUTH AMERICA
	Argentina	994.0	1976	d
	Bolivia	300.0	1987	b
	Brazil	6950.0	1987	b
	Chile	468.0	1975	d
	Colombia	1070.0	1987	b
	Ecuador	314.0	1987	b
	Guyana	241.0	1971	d
	Paraguay	314.0	1987	b
	Peru	40.0	1987	b
	Suriname	200.0	1987	b
	Uruguay	124.0	1965	d
	Venezuela	1317.0	1970	d
ASIA
	Afghanistan	65.0	1997	j
	Bahrain	0.1	1997	j
	Bangladesh	2357.0	1987	b
	Bhutan	95.0	1987	b
	Cambodia	498.1	1987	b
	China	2800.0	1980	d
	Cyprus	0.9	1997	d,j
	India	2085.0	1975	d
	Indonesia	2530.0	1987	b
	Iran	137.5	1997	j
	Iraq	96.4	1997	j
	Israel	2.2	1986	d
	Japan	547.0	1980	d
	Jordan	0.9	1997	j
	Korea DPR	67.0	1987	b
	Korea Rep	66.0	1992	h
	Kuwait	0.0	1997	j
	Laos	270.0	1987	b
	Lebanon	4.8	1997	j
	Malaysia	456.0	1975	d
	Mongolia	24.6	1987	b
	Myanmar	1082.0	1987	b
	Nepal	170.0	1987	b
	Oman	1.0	1997	j
	Pakistan	429.4	1997	j
	Philippines	323.0	1975	d
	Qatar	0.1	1997	j
	Saudi Arabia	2.4	1997	j
	Singapore	0.6	1975	d
	Sri Lanka	43.2	1970	d
	Syria	46.1	1997	j
	Thailand	179.0	1987	b
	Turkey	200.7	1997	j
	United Arab Emirates	0.2	1997	j
	Vietnam	376.0	1987	b
	Yemen	4.1	1997	j
EUROPE
	Albania	21.3	1970	d
	Austria	90.3	1980	d
	Belgium	12.5	1980	e
	Bulgaria	205.0	1980	d
	Czech Republic	58.2	1990	h
	Denmark	13.0	1977	e
	Finland	113.0	1980	d
	France	198.0	1990	i
	Germany	171.0	1991	i
	Greece	58.7	1980	e
	Hungary	120.0	1991	i
	Iceland	170.0	1987	d
	Ireland	50.0	1972	e
	Italy	167.0	1990	h
	Luxembourg	5.0	1976	e
	Malta	0.0	1997	j
	Netherlands	90.0	1980	e
	Norway	392.0	1991	i
	Poland	56.2	1980	e
	Portugal	69.6	1990	h
	Romania	208.0	1980	d
	Slovakia	30.8	1990	h
	Spain	111.3	1985	e
	Sweden	180.0	1980	d
	Switzerland	50.0	1985	d
	United Kingdom	120.0	1980	e
	Yugoslavia	265.0	1980	d
	Russia	4498.0	1997	g,k
	Armenia	10.5	1997	k
	Azerbaidzhan	30.3	1997	k
	Belarus	58.0	1997	k
	Estonia	12.8	1997	k
	Georgia	63.3	1997	k
	Kazakhstan	109.6	1997	k
	Kyrgyzstan	20.6	1997	k
	Latvia	35.4	1997	k
	Lithuania	24.9	1997	k
	Moldavia	11.7	1997	k
	Tadjikistan	16.0	1997	k
	Turkmenistan	24.7	1997	k
	Ukraine	139.5	1997	k
	Uzbekistan	50.4	1997	k
OCEANIA
	Australia	343.0	1975	d
	Fiji	28.6	1987	b
	New Zealand	327.0	1991	h
	Papua New Guinea	801.0	1987	b
	Solomon Islands	44.7	1987	b

Notes: Compiled by P.H. Gleick, Pacific Institute.

a Total natural renewable surface and groundwater. Typically includes flows from other countries. (FA "Natural total renewable water resources.")

b Estimates from Belyaev, Institute of Geography, USSR (1987).

c Estimates from FAO (1995) "Water Resources of African Countries." Rome.

d Estimates from WRI (1994). See this source for original data source

e Estimates from Margat (1989), Water International 14 as cited in Gleick 1993, Table A11.

f Estimates from Shahin (1989), Water International 14 as cited in Gleick 1993, Table A17.

g Estimates from Goscomstat, USSR, 1989 as cited in Gleick 1993, Table A16.

h World Resources Institute 1996 "World Resources" Oxford Univ. Press.

i New ECE Environmental Statistical Database. j Estimates from FAO (1997) "Water Resources of the Near East Region: A Review." Rome.

Estimates from FAO (1997) "Irrigation in the Countries of the Former Soviet Union in Figures." Rome.

可以借鉴一下!

happyboy0941

useless [em01]