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电梯直达

1^#

发表于 2004-10-15 21:27 |只看该作者 |正序浏览

|招呼Ta 关注Ta

<

>这是NENE的OPENGL的框架CB原代码，是黑屏的效果，最简单的。OPENGL我才开始学，很多不懂的，希望和大家交流，共同进步，我会把我的资料和大家共享的！
<

>首先在CB下建立一个CONSOLE的程序，然后把CONSOLE APPLICATION的勾去掉即可。然后再把以下的原代码粘贴上去就可以运行了！！
<

>//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
<

>#include <vcl.h>
#include <windows.h> // Header file for windows
#include <gl\gl.h> // Header file for the OpenGL32 library
#include <gl\glu.h> // Header file for the GLu32 library
#include <gl\glaux.h> // Header file for the GLaux library
#pragma hdrstop
<

>//---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#pragma argsused
<

>HGLRC hRC = NULL; // Permanent rendering context
HDC hDC = NULL; // Private GDI device context
HWND hWnd = NULL; // Holds our window handle
HINSTANCE hInstance = NULL; // Holds the instance of the application
<

>bool keys[256]; // Array used for the keyboard routine
bool active = true; // Window active flag set to true by default
bool fullscreen = true; // Fullscreen flag set to fullscreen mode by default
<

>LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM); // Declaration for WndProc
<

>GLvoid ReSizeGLScene(GLsizei width, GLsizei height) // Resize and initialize the GL window
{
 if (height == 0) // Prevent a divide by zero by
 {
 height = 1; // Making height equal One
 }
<

> glViewport(0, 0, width, height); // Reset the current viewport
<

> glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); // Select the projection matrix
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset the projection matrix
<

> // Calculate the aspect ratio of the window
gluPerspective(45.0f,(GLfloat)width/(GLfloat)height,0.1f,100.0f);
<

> glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // Select the modelview matrix
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset the modelview matrix
}
<

>int InitGL(GLvoid) // All setup for OpenGL goes here
{
glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH); // Enable smooth shading
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.5f); // Black background
glClearDepth(1.0f); // Depth buffer setup
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); // Enables depth testing
glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL); // The type of depth testing to do
glHint(GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL_NICEST); // Really nice perspective calculations
return true; // Initialization went OK
}
<

>int DrawGLScene(GLvoid) // Here's where we do all the drawing
{
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); // clear screen and depth buffer
glLoadIdentity(); // Reset the current modelview matrix

return true; // Everything went OK
}
<

>GLvoid KillGLWindow(GLvoid) // Properly kill the window
{
if (fullscreen) // Are we in fullscreen mode?
{
 ChangeDisplaySettings(NULL,0); // If so switch back to the desktop
 ShowCursor(true); // Show mouse pointer
}
<

> if (hRC) // Do we have a rendering context?
{
 if (!wglMakeCurrent(NULL,NULL)) // Are we able to release the DC and RC contexts?
 {
MessageBox(NULL,"Release of DC and RC failed.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
 }
<

> if (!wglDeleteContext(hRC)) // Are we able to delete the RC?
 {
MessageBox(NULL,"Release rendering context failed.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
 }
 hRC = NULL; // Set RC to NULL
}
<

> if (hDC && !ReleaseDC(hWnd,hDC)) // Are we able to release the DC
{
 MessageBox(NULL,"Release device context failed.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
 hDC = NULL; // Set DC to NULL
}
<

> if (hWnd && !DestroyWindow(hWnd)) // Are we able to destroy the window?
{
 MessageBox(NULL,"Could not release hWnd.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
 hWnd = NULL; // Set hWnd to NULL
}
<

> if (!UnregisterClass("OpenGL",hInstance)) // Are we able to unregister class
{
 MessageBox(NULL,"Could not unregister class.","SHUTDOWN ERROR",MB_OK | MB_ICONINFORMATION);
 hInstance = NULL; // Set hInstance to NULL
}
}
<

>/* This Code Creates Our OpenGL Window. Parameters Are:
* title - Title To Appear At The Top Of The Window
* width - Width Of The GL Window Or Fullscreen Mode
* height - Height Of The GL Window Or Fullscreen Mode
* bits - Number Of Bits To Use For Color (8/16/24/32)
* fullscreenflag - Use Fullscreen Mode (true) Or Windowed Mode (false)*/

bool CreateGLWindow(char* title, int width, int height, int bits, bool fullscreenflag)
{
GLuint PixelFormat; // Holds the results after searching for a match
WNDCLASS wc; // Windows class structure
DWORD dwExStyle; // Window extended style
DWORD dwStyle; // Window style
RECT WindowRect; // Grabs rctangle upper left / lower right values
WindowRect.left = (long)0; // Set left value to 0
WindowRect.right = (long)width; // Set right value to requested width
WindowRect.top = (long)0; // Set top value to 0
WindowRect.bottom = (long)height; // Set bottom value to requested height
<

> fullscreen = fullscreenflag; // Set the global fullscreen flag
<

> hInstance = GetModuleHandle(NULL); // Grab an instance for our window
wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_OWNDC; // Redraw on size, and own DC for window
wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC) WndProc; // WndProc handles messages
wc.cbClsExtra = 0; // No extra window data
wc.cbWndExtra = 0; // No extra window data
wc.hInstance = hInstance; // Set the Instance
wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_WINLOGO); // Load the default icon
wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW); // Load the arrow pointer
wc.hbrBackground = NULL; // No background required for GL
wc.lpszMenuName = NULL; // We don't want a menu
wc.lpszClassName = "OpenGL"; // Set the class name
<

> if (!RegisterClass(&wc)) // Attempt to register the window class
{
MessageBox(NULL,"Failed to register the window class.","Error",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
<

> return false; // Return false
}

if (fullscreen) // Attempt fullscreen mode?
{
 DEVMODE dmScreenSettings; // Device mode
 memset(&dmScreenSettings,0,sizeof(dmScreenSettings)); // Makes sure memory's cleared
 dmScreenSettings.dmSize = sizeof(dmScreenSettings); // Size of the devmode structure
 dmScreenSettings.dmPelsWidth = width; // Selected screen width
 dmScreenSettings.dmPelsHeight = height; // Selected screen height
 dmScreenSettings.dmBitsPerPel = bits; // Selected bits per pixel
 dmScreenSettings.dmFields = DM_BITSPERPEL|DM_PELSWIDTH|DM_PELSHEIGHT;
<

>  // Try to set selected mode and get results. NOTE: CDS_FULLSCREEN gets rid of start bar.
  if (ChangeDisplaySettings(&dmScreenSettings,CDS_FULLSCREEN) != DISP_CHANGE_SUCCESSFUL)
  {
// If the mode fails, offer two options. Quit or use windowed mode.
if (MessageBox(NULL,"The requested fullscreen mode is not supported by\nyour video card. Use windowed mode instead?","NeHe GL",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION) == IDYES)
{
fullscreen = false;    // Windowed mode selected. Fullscreen = false
}
else
{
// Pop up a message box letting user know the program is closing.
MessageBox(NULL,"

rogram will now close.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONSTOP);
return false; // Return false
}
}
}
<

> if (fullscreen) // Are We Still In Fullscreen Mode?
{
 dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW; // Window extended style
 dwStyle = WS_POPUP; // Windows style
 ShowCursor(false); // Hide mouse pointer
}
else
{
 dwExStyle = WS_EX_APPWINDOW | WS_EX_WINDOWEDGE; // Window extended style
 dwStyle = WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW; // Windows style
}
<

> AdjustWindowRectEx(&WindowRect,dwStyle,false,dwExStyle); // Adjust window to true requested size
 // Create the window
if (!(hWnd = CreateWindowEx(dwExStyle, // Extended Style For The Window
 "OpenGL", // Class name
 title, // Window title
 dwStyle | // Defined window style
 WS_CLIPSIBLINGS | // Required window style
 WS_CLIPCHILDREN, // Required window style
 0, 0, // Window position
 WindowRect.right-WindowRect.left, // Calculate window width
 WindowRect.bottom-WindowRect.top, // Calculate window height
 NULL, // No parent window
 NULL, // No menu
 hInstance, // Instance
 NULL))) // Dont pass anything to WM_CREATE
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Window creation error.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd = // pfd tells windows how we want things to be
{
 sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR), // Size of this pixel format descriptor
 1, // Version number
 PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW | // Format must support window
 PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | // Format must support OpenGL
 PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER, // Must support double buffering
 PFD_TYPE_RGBA, // Request an RGBA format
 bits, // Select our color depth
 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // Color bits ignored
 0, // No alpha buffer
 0, // Shift bit ignored
 0, // No accumulation buffer
 0, 0, 0, 0, // Accumulation bits ignored
 16, // 16Bit Z-Buffer (Depth buffer)
 0, // No stencil buffer
 0, // No auxiliary buffer
 PFD_MAIN_PLANE, // Main drawing layer
 0, // Reserved
 0, 0, 0 // Layer masks ignored
};

if (!(hDC = GetDC(hWnd))) // Did we get a device context?
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Can't create a GL device context.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 if (!(PixelFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(hDC,&pfd))) // Did windows find a matching pixel format?
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Can't find a suitable pixelformat.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 if(!SetPixelFormat(hDC,PixelFormat,&pfd)) // Are we able to set the pixel format?
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Can't set the pixelformat.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 if (!(hRC = wglCreateContext(hDC))) // Are we able to get a rendering context?
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Can't create a GL rendering context.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 if(!wglMakeCurrent(hDC,hRC)) // Try to activate the rendering context
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Can't activate the GL rendering context.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 ShowWindow(hWnd,SW_SHOW); // Show the window
SetForegroundWindow(hWnd); // Slightly higher priority
SetFocus(hWnd); // Sets keyboard focus to the window
ReSizeGLScene(width, height); // Set up our perspective GL screen
 if (!InitGL()) // Initialize our newly created GL window
{
 KillGLWindow(); // Reset the display
 MessageBox(NULL,"Initialization failed.","ERROR",MB_OK|MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
 return false; // Return false
}
 return true; // Success
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, // Handle for this window
 UINT uMsg, // Message for this window
WPARAM wParam, // Additional message information
LPARAM lParam) // Additional message information
{
switch (uMsg) // Check for windows messages
{
 case WM_ACTIVATE: // Watch for window activate message
 {
if (!HIWORD(wParam)) // Check minimization state
{
active = true; // Program is active
}
else
{
active = false; // Program is no longer active
}
 return 0; // Return to the message loop
 }
 case WM_SYSCOMMAND: // Intercept system commands
 {
switch (wParam) // Check system calls
{
case SC_SCREENSAVE: // Screensaver trying to start?
case SC_MONITORPOWER: // Monitor trying to enter powersave?
return 0; // Prevent from happening
}
break; // Exit
 }
 case WM_CLOSE: // Did we receive a close message?
 {
PostQuitMessage(0); // Send a quit message
return 0; // Jump back
 }
 case WM_KEYDOWN: // Is a key being held down?
 {
keys[wParam] = true; // If so, mark it as true
return 0; // Jump back
 }
 case WM_KEYUP: // Has a key been released?
 {
keys[wParam] = false; // If so, mark it as false
return 0; // Jump back
 }
 case WM_SIZE: // Resize the OpenGL window
 {
ReSizeGLScene(LOWORD(lParam),HIWORD(lParam)); // LoWord = Width, HiWord = Height
return 0; // Jump back
 }
}
 // Pass all unhandled messages to DefWindowProc
return DefWindowProc(hWnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam);
}
WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
 MSG msg; // Windows message structure
bool done = false; // bool variable to exit loop
 // Ask the user which screen mode they prefer
if (MessageBox(NULL,"Would you like to run in fullscreen mode?", "Start FullScreen?",MB_YESNO|MB_ICONQUESTION) == IDNO)
{
 fullscreen = false; // Windowed mode
}
 // Create our OpenGL window
if (!CreateGLWindow("NeHe's OpenGL Framework",640,480,16,fullscreen))
{
 return 0; // Quit if window was not created
}
 while(!done) // Loop that runs while done = false
{
 if (PeekMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0,PM_REMOVE)) // Is there a message waiting?
 {
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT) // Have we received a quit message?
{
done = true; // If so done = true
}
else // If not, deal with window messages
{
TranslateMessage(&msg); // Translate the message
DispatchMessage(&msg); // Dispatch the message
}
 }
 else // If there are no messages
 {
// Draw the scene. Watch for ESC key and quit messages from DrawGLScene()
if (active) // Program active?
{
if (keys[VK_ESCAPE]) // Was ESC pressed?
{
 done = true; // ESC signalled a quit
}
else // Not time to quit, Update screen
{
 DrawGLScene(); // Draw the scene
 SwapBuffers(hDC); // Swap buffers (Double buffering)
}
}
 if (keys[VK_F1]) // Is F1 being pressed?
{
keys[VK_F1] = false; // If so make key false
KillGLWindow(); // Kill our current window
fullscreen =! fullscreen; // Toggle fullscreen / windowed mode
// Recreate our OpenGL window
if (!CreateGLWindow("NeHe's OpenGL Framework",640,480,16,fullscreen))
{
 return 0; // Quit if window was not created
}
}
 }
}
 // Shutdown
KillGLWindow(); // Kill the window
return (msg.wParam); // Exit the program
}
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------

zan

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xShandow

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国际赛参赛者

4^#

发表于 2004-11-16 19:05 |只看该作者 |招呼Ta 关注Ta

<

>你们都知道我在看OpenGL啊.

我也说一句

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ilikenba

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3^#

发表于 2004-10-16 00:41 |只看该作者 |招呼Ta 关注Ta

<

>我也支持一篇<

>转贴：Win 95/NT下OpenGL编程原理 ----<

>科学计算可视化，计算机动画和虚拟现实是现在计算机图形学的三个热点。而这三个热点的核心都是三维真实感图形的绘制。由于OpenGL（OpenGraphicsLibrary）具有跨平台性、简便、高效、功能完善，目前已经成为了三维图形制作方法中事实上的工业标准。自从WindowsNT3.51在微机平台上支持OpenGL以后，现在微软公司在Windows95OSR2、WindowsNT4.0中连续性的提供OpenGL开发环境。VisualC++从4.2版本以后已经完全支持
OpenGL　API，使三维世界的"平民化"已成为必然。
----Windows操作系统对OpenGL的支持
----具有Windows编程经验的人都知道，在Windows下用GDI作图必须通过设备上下文（DeviceContext简写DC）调用相应的函数；用OpenGL作图也是类似，OpenGL函数是通过"渲染上下文"（RenderingContext简写RC）完成三维图形的绘制。Windows下的窗口和设备上下文支持"位图格式"（PIXELFORMAT）属性，和RC有着位图结构上的一致。只要在创建RC时与一个DC建立联系（RC也只能通过已经建立了位图格式的DC来创建），OpenGL的函数就可以通过RC对应的DC画到相应的显示设备上。这里还有以下需要注意的方面：
----1.一个线程只能拥有一个渲染上下文（RC），也就是说，用户如果在一个线程内对不同设备作图，只能通过更换与RC对应的DC来完成，而RC在
线程中保持不变。（当然，删除旧的RC后再创建新的是可以的）与此对应，一个RC也只能属于一个线程，不能被不同线程同时共享。
----2.设定DC位图格式等于设定了相应的窗口的位图格式，并且DC和窗口的位图格式一旦确定就不能再改变。这一点只能期望以后的Windows版本改进了。
----3.一个RC虽然可以更换DC，在任何时刻只能利用一个DC（这个DC称为RC的当前DC），但由于一个窗口可以让多个DC作图从而可以让多个线程利用多个RC在该窗口上执行OpenGL操作。
----4.现在的Windows下的OpenGL版本对OpenGL和GDI在同一个DC上作图有一定的限制。当使用双缓存用OpenGL产生动画时，不能使用GDI函数向该DC作图。
----5.不建议用ANSIC在Windows下编写OpenGL程序。这样的程序虽然具有跨平台的可移植性（比如很多SＧI的例子程序），但是它们不能利用Windows操作系统的很多特性，实用价值不大。
<

>----用VC来编写OpenGL程序

----经过上面的分析，用VC来调用OpenGL作图的方法就很显然了。步骤如下：

----1.先设置显示设备DC的位图格式（PIXELFORMAT）属性。这通过填充一个PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR的结构来完成（关于PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR中

各项数据的意义，请参照VC的帮助信息），该结构决定了OpenGL作图的物理设备的属性，比如该结构中的数据项dwFlags中PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER位如果

没有设置（置1），通过该设备的DC上作图的OpenGL命令就不可能使用双缓冲来做动画。有一些位图格式（PIXELFORMAT）是DC支持的，而有一些DC

就不支持了。所以程序必须先用ChoosePixelFormat来选择DC所支持的与指定位图格式最接近的位图格式，然后用SetPixelFormat设置DC的位图格式

。

----2.利用刚才的设备DC建立渲染上下文RC（wglCreateContext），使得RC与DC建立联系（wglMakeCurrent）。

----3.调用OpenGL函数作图。由于线程与RC一一对应，OpenGL函数的参数中都不指明本线程RC的句柄（handle）

----4.作图完毕以后，先通过置当前线程的RC为NULL（::wglMakeCurrent(NULL,NULL);），断开当前线程和该渲染上下文的联系，由此断开与DC的

联系。此时RC句柄的有效性在微软自己的文档中也没有讲清楚，所以在后面删除RC的时候要先判断以下RC句柄的有效性（

if(m_hrc)::wglDeleteContext(m_hrc);）。再根据情况释放（ReleaseDC）或者删除（DeleteDC）DC

----所附程序说明

----所附的程序用ＭＦC完成了一个简单的OpenGL作图，用OpenGL的辅助库画了一个有光照的实心圆球。OpenGL本身的函数这里就不解释了，仅对用

MFC编OpenGL时需要注意的内容做一个简要的说明：

----1.一旦设定了一个DC的位图格式，该DC所联系的窗口的位图格式随之设定。该窗口若含有子窗口或者有兄弟窗口，这些兄弟/子窗口的位图格式

没有设成与对应RC一致的格式，OpenGL在它们上面作图就容易出错。故而OpenGL作图的窗口必须具有WS_CLIPCHILDREN和WS_CLIPSIBLINGS风格，程

序中在主框窗的构造函数中用LoadFrame(IDR_MAINFRAME,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW|WS_CLIPCHILDREN|WS_CLIPSIBLINGS,NULL,NULL);指定了主窗口的风

格。

----2.在ANSIC的OpenGL编程中，由auxReshapeFunc定义设置OpenGL视口大小和作图尺寸的回调函数。在MFC中应该由WM_SIZ消息的处理函数来完成

。在ANSIC的OpenGL编程中，由EauxMainLoop定义作图的回调函数。在MFC中应该由WM_PAINT消息的处理函数来处理。相应的，由OpenGL定义的键盘

、鼠标处理函数都应该由相应的Windows处理函数来响应。

----3.OpenGL自己有刷新背景的函数glClear，故而应禁止Windows刷新窗口背景。否则，当窗口需要重画时，Windows会自动先发送WM_ERASEBKGND

，而缺省的处理函数使用白色的背景刷。当OpenGL使用的背景颜色不是白色时，作图时有一帧白色的闪烁。这种现象在做动画时特别明显。程序中

只需要在WM_ERASEBKGND的消息处理函数中禁止父窗口类的消息处理，简单的返回一个TRUE即可。

----4.由于OpenGL的跨平台性，它必须用操作系统的调色板。所以如果GL_INDEX_MODE作图时，必须用VC自己定义调色板。不过一般情况下，用

GL_RGBA_MODE模式比较方便，很少用到GL_INDEX_MODE模式。

----5.在OpenGL作图期间，RC对应的DC不能删除或者释放。

----6.由于OpenGL作图时需要长时间占用DC，所以最好把作图窗口类设成CS_OWNDC。MFC缺省的窗口类风格中没有设这一属性，程序中在主窗口C++

类的PreCreateWindow方法中自己注册了一个窗口类，除了设定了CS_OWNDC属性以外，还设定了CS_HREDRAW、CS_VREDRAW和CS_SAVEBITS。设定

CS_HREDRAW、CS_VREDRAW是为了让窗口缩放时产生WM_PAINT消息，修正OpenGL视口和作图尺寸；由于OpenGL作图需要很多计算，设定CS_SAVEBITS是

为了在OpenGL窗口被遮盖后显现出来时，不产生WM_PAINT消息，用内存存储的图象来填充，从而用空间消耗换取计算时间。

----7.本程序中没有对OpenGL函数的出错情况作出处理。OpenGL出错后返回错误码，不会抛出异常；而且在某一个函数出错以后，后继函数也一般

不会出现异常，只是返回错误码，一不小心就可能忽略某些错误。而对每一个OpenGL函数都做出错与否的判断比较麻烦，所以编程序时对OpenGL的

函数应当非常小心。

----参考书籍：

----《OpenGLProgrammer'sGuide》SGIinc.

----《OpenGL三维图形程序设计》廖朵朵、张华军著，星球地图出版社

----《VisualC++5.0联机帮助》

----附程序：

----程序运行时必须确定OpenGL32.dll、glu.dll、glaux.dll在Windows的System目录下。如果找不到这些文件，可以从Windows95OSR2的机器上面

将这些文件拷贝过来即可。OpenGL运行不需要注册库信息。在VC的STUDIO中运行程序时，工程文件中必须加入OpenGL.H、glu.h、glaux.h以及

OpenGL.lib、glu.lib、glaux.lib，这些文件由VC自带。

----主窗口类定义（OpenGLWnd.h）：

s#if !defined(AFX_OPENGLWND_H__3FB1AB28_0E70
_11D2_9ACA_48543300E17D__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_OPENGLWND_H__3FB1AB28_0E70_11D2
_9ACA_48543300E17D__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER &= 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER &= 1000

#include & afxwin.h &
#include "SimpleGLApp.h"
#include "resource.h"
// OpenGLWnd.h : header file
//
///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
// COpenGLWnd frame

class COpenGLWnd : public CFrameWnd
{
DECLARE_DYNCREATE(COpenGLWnd)
public:
COpenGLWnd();&&
// protected constructor used by dynamic creation
protected:
HGLRC m_hrc;
CClientDC *m_pDC;
// Attributes
public:

// Operations
public:

// Overrides
// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(COpenGLWnd)
protected:
virtual BOOL PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs);
//}}AFX_VIRTUAL

// Implementation
public:
virtual ~COpenGLWnd();

// Generated message map functions
//{{AFX_MSG(COpenGLWnd)
afx_msg int OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);
afx_msg void OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy);
afx_msg void OnDestroy();
afx_msg BOOL OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC);
afx_msg void OnPaint();
//}}AFX_MSG
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////

//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Developer Studio will insert
additional declarations immediately before the previous line.

#endif // !defined(AFX_OPENGLWND_H__3FB1AB28_
0E70_11D2_9ACA_48543300E17D__INCLUDED_)
主窗口类的实现（OpenGLWnd.cpp）：
// OpenGLWnd.cpp : implementation file
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "OpenGLWnd.h"
#include "SimpleGLApp.h"
#include "gl\glu.h"
#include "gl\gl.h"
#include "gl\glaux.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
// COpenGLWnd

IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(COpenGLWnd, CFrameWnd)

COpenGLWnd::COpenGLWnd()
{
m_pDC = NULL;
m_hrc = 0;
LoadFrame(IDR_MAINFRAME,WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW
| WS_CLIPCHILDREN | WS_CLIPSIBLINGS
,NULL,NULL );
}

COpenGLWnd::~COpenGLWnd()
{
}

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(COpenGLWnd, CFrameWnd)
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(COpenGLWnd)
ON_WM_CREATE()
ON_WM_SIZE()
ON_WM_DESTROY()
ON_WM_ERASEBKGND()
ON_WM_PAINT()
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

BOOL COpenGLWnd:

reCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{
// TOD Add your specialized
code here and/or call the base class
cs.lpszClass = AfxRegisterWndClass( CS_DBLCLKS |
CS_HREDRAW |
CS_VREDRAW |
CS_SAVEBITS |
CS_NOCLOSE |
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&CS_OWNDC
,AfxGetApp( )-
& LoadStandardCursor(IDC_ARROW), 0 ,
AfxGetApp( )- &LoadStandardIcon(IDI_APPLICATION));
return CFrameWnd:

reCreateWindow(cs);
}

int COpenGLWnd::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{
if (CFrameWnd::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)
return -1;

&&&&int pixelformat;

&&&&m_pDC = new CClientDC(this);//在客户区作图
ASSERT(m_pDC != NULL);

static PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd =
{
&&&&&&&&sizeof(PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR),&&//固定值
&&&&&&&&1,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&//固定值
&&&&&&&&amp

FD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |&&&&&&&&&&&&// support window
&&&&&&&&amp

FD_SUPPORT_OPENGL |&&&&&&&&&&&&// support OpenGL
&&&&&&&&amp

FD_TYPE_RGBA,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// RGBA模式，不用调色板
&&&&&&&&16,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&//程序在16位色彩下运行
&&&&&&&&0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// color bits ignored
&&&&&&&&0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// no alpha buffer
&&&&&&&&0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// shift bit ignored
&&&&&&&&0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// no accumulation buffer
&&&&&&&&0, 0, 0, 0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// accum bits ignored
&&&&&&&&32,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// 32-bit z-buffer
&&&&&&&&0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// no stencil buffer
&&&&&&&&0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// no auxiliary buffer
&&&&&&&&amp

FD_MAIN_PLANE,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// main layer
&&&&&&&&0,&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// reserved
&&&&&&&&0, 0, 0&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&// layer masks ignored
&&&&};

if ( (pixelformat = ChoosePixelFormat
(m_pDC- &GetSafeHdc(), &pfd)) == 0 )
&&&&{
&&&&&&&&MessageBox("在该DC上找不到与PFD接近的位图结构");
&&&&&&&&return -1;
&&&&}

if (SetPixelFormat(m_pDC- &
GetSafeHdc(), pixelformat, &pfd) == FALSE)
&&&&{
&&&&&&&&MessageBox("无法在该DC上设置位图结构");
&&&&&&&&return -1;
&&&&}
&&&&m_hrc = wglCreateContext(m_pDC- &GetSafeHdc());
&&&&wglMakeCurrent(m_pDC- &GetSafeHdc(), m_hrc);

&&&&glClearDepth(1.0f);
&&&&glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

&&&&glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
&&&&glLoadIdentity();
&&&&glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);

return 0;//OpenGL窗口构造成功
}

void COpenGLWnd::OnSize(UINT nType, int cx, int cy)
{
CFrameWnd::OnSize(nType, cx, cy);

// TOD Add your message handler code here
&&&&if(cy & 0)
&&&&{&&&&
&&&&&&&&glViewport(0, 0, cx, cy);
&&&&&&&&glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
&&&&&&&&glLoadIdentity();
if (cx & = cy)
&&&&glOrtho(-3.0,3.0,-3.0 * (Glfloat)cx/(Glfloat)cy,
3.0 * (Glfloat)cx/(Glfloat)cy,-3.0,3.0);
else
glOrtho(-3.0,3.0,-3.0 * (Glfloat)cy/(Glfloat)cx,
3.0 * (Glfloat)cy/(Glfloat)cx,-3.0,3.0);
&&&&&&&&glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
&&&&}
}

void COpenGLWnd::OnDestroy()
{

CFrameWnd::OnDestroy();
&&&&::wglMakeCurrent(NULL,&&NULL);
&&&&if (m_hrc)
&&&&&&&&::wglDeleteContext(m_hrc);
if (m_pDC)
&&&&&&&&delete m_pDC;
// TOD Add your message handler code here
}

BOOL COpenGLWnd::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)
{
// TOD Add your message
handler code here and/or call default
return TRUE;
//return CFrameWnd::OnEraseBkgnd(pDC);
}

void COpenGLWnd::OnPaint()
{
CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for painting

Glfloat light_position[]={2.0f,0.0f,4.0f,0.0f};

// TOD Add your message handler code here

&&&&glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
&&&&glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

&&&&glPushMatrix();

&&&&&&&&glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -2.0f);
glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0,GL_POSITION,light_position);
glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
glDepthFunc(GL_LESS);
glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);
auxSolidSphere(1.0);

&&&&glPopMatrix();

&&&&glFinish();

// Do not call CFrameWnd::OnPaint() for painting messages
}
应用程序类的定义（SimpleGLApp.h）：
#if !defined(AFX_SIMPLEGLAPP_H__3FB1AB29
_0E70_11D2_9ACA_48543300E17D__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_SIMPLEGLAPP_H__3FB1AB29_0E70
_11D2_9ACA_48543300E17D__INCLUDED_

#if _MSC_VER &= 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER &= 1000
// SimpleGLApp.h : header file
//
#include & afxwin.h &
#include "OpenGLWnd.h"
#include "resource.h"

///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
// CSimpleGLApp thread

class CSimpleGLApp : public CWinApp
{
DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CSimpleGLApp)
public:
CSimpleGLApp();
&&&// protected constructor used by dynamic creation

// Attributes
public:

// Operations
public:

// Overrides
// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides
//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CSimpleGLApp)
public:
virtual BOOL InitInstance();
virtual int ExitInstance();
//}}AFX_VIRTUAL

// Implementation
public:
virtual ~CSimpleGLApp();

// Generated message map functions
//{{AFX_MSG(CSimpleGLApp)
afx_msg void OnAppExit();
//}}AFX_MSG

DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};

///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////

//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Developer Studio will insert
additional declarations
immediately before the previous line.

#endif // !defined(AFX_SIMPLEGLAPP_H__3FB1AB29_
0E70_11D2_9ACA_48543300E17D__INCLUDED_)
应用程序类的实现（SimpleGLApp.cpp）：
// SimpleGLApp.cpp : implementation file
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "SimpleGLApp.h"
#include "OpenGLWnd.h"

#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif

///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
// CSimpleGLApp

IMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CSimpleGLApp, CWinApp)

CSimpleGLApp::CSimpleGLApp()
{
}

CSimpleGLApp::~CSimpleGLApp()
{
}

BOOL CSimpleGLApp::InitInstance()
{
// TOD&&perform and per-thread initialization here
m_pMainWnd = new COpenGLWnd();
m_pMainWnd- &ShowWindow(m_nCmdShow);
m_pMainWnd- &UpdateWindow();
return TRUE;
}

int CSimpleGLApp::ExitInstance()
{
return CWinApp::ExitInstance();
}

BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CSimpleGLApp, CWinApp)
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CSimpleGLApp)
ON_COMMAND(ID_APP_EXIT, OnAppExit)
//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()

///////////////////////////////////////
//////////////////////////////////////
// CSimpleGLApp message handlers
void CSimpleGLApp::OnAppExit()
{
// TOD Add your command handler code here
CWinApp::OnAppExit();
}

CSimpleGLApp SimpleGLApp;