* s. u( ~. N9 K( [' X布尔类型就像一个开关,只有两种状态:true或false。c#对布尔的要求比c/c++严格,与java类似。 , f T$ M; z. ?
在c#中false不等于0,true也不等于1;false和true都是单独分离出来的一个值。学过c/c++的网友 9 b* o) A& R( ?, K- m. c5 q都知道:*/ 1 v, ]$ W$ U" ~5 O
int i = 0; $ j* ]5 ? ?$ M0 {2 f; e
if (i = 0) { // Bug: 应该是 (i == 0) / g, ^ Y7 M, b) a/ L+ A# m.... ( v* A# \! R1 ~/ A) a
} : L- b+ k9 r: c5 S, r8 }4 l/* 是没有问题的。但在c#中会引发一个编译错误(error CS0029: Cannot implicitly convert o$ K" Z0 R! _0 i, @$ P( Ytype 'int' to 'bool')。当然,这样牺牲了一点没有必要的灵活性。我们再也不能这样:*/ 4 l! r5 w+ x7 ?/ I
string str; & W/ k' I8 |4 [' q! Q J# X
.... 3 Z$ d% V0 v K* _, ], Y; X
if(str = Console.ReadLine()) { / j0 h8 A/ m% U, F* V! { Console.WriteLine("Your comments are: {0}",str); " ~& r6 s! A: f$ N8 [" K; ^1 Y. d.... ' P# f" i. Z4 M) o2 q( a. ^3 D2 U/* 而必须:*/ ( y% a1 \. A# t; d2 |using System; . Y4 m* g: R0 d! O
class BoolTest # u5 H2 m. v z6 c
{ * i1 W) s$ D3 _
static void Main() { , S9 V1 {" I+ H% I1 u# b& ], Z string str = Console.ReadLine();//也可以:string str; 1 @0 b. b) P# D' Z* j9 {0 E) m if(str == "") // if((str = Console.ReadLine()) == "") * I, ` d }$ p A) K* I
Console.WriteLine("i can't read your comments. Please tell me something! O.K.?"); ) w1 p) m1 S7 N8 S8 i
else ' m. f' R+ d! E6 ^% J Console.WriteLine("Your comments are: {0}",str); 2 L" I- t6 j! `, v, e! N" t3 i1 h
} $ _5 Q) D& F# Q1 U# V: f
} 3 d( k. e2 ~6 ~- e* z6 I
/* " ~% C' B8 X# T, ~, N( j4 R我抄了一张预定义类型的简表供大家参考。 ) x; h- z" D/ }% ^9 T9 I
1 c0 h3 z' `; b' U! k! d4 l1 rType Description Examples % [8 u( ~# D2 A4 a8 W! v" E+ P
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object The ultimate base type of all other types object o = new Stack(); 3 ]% I6 J( T: K; e; O9 |: B: {; s3 C+ B7 E% W- W- a4 G4 S
string String type; a string is a sequence of string s = "Hello"; 9 ^2 }7 c" c/ u. W E% q- e9 R Unicode characters . h9 g! `. a8 k; B
# O+ B% h- k) ^9 H/ I
sbyte 8-bit signed integral type sbyte val = 12; , J2 o9 b" h V6 t" C5 _" V' Q$ }
short 16-bit signed integral type short val = 12; 7 N# n6 X1 J! y3 r
* M* @' b3 I3 n* K/ p- g1 O1 aint 32-bit signed integral type int val = 12; ) w% q; S4 P) o 1 r( J1 \, V; Nlong 64-bit signed integral type long val1 = 12; , ^) |2 K9 T4 s! v) w0 l# R' {
long val2 = 34L; - x$ d5 ?! \) a$ i# Q. l5 i" J$ h
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byte 8-bit unsigned integral type byte val1 = 12; - j- D! O7 a+ J
byte val2 = 34U; 8 W: a9 u1 ?+ b6 u: Z
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ushort 16-bit unsigned integral type ushort val1 = 12; z8 k" X# L! |( d. b
ushort val2 = 34U; . ~* t7 T1 \1 n8 B- r7 R% Q 5 y6 s. X1 M. r: e: ^2 `' |uint 32-bit unsigned integral type uint val1 = 12; # P+ Q+ ] j* Q& F2 I, b
uint val2 = 34U; Z; e1 {6 X' ~, y* q
E b; j& t/ q9 v% |: Hulong 64-bit unsigned integral type ulong val1 = 12; 5 K6 S* Z# \8 `8 m ulong val2 = 34U; 6 c5 _6 o- U6 _' @6 G+ J
ulong val3 = 56L; - F% J z* P* X8 [# i6 o4 z
ulong val4 = 78UL; , g! }4 d, v4 U& r3 _+ O( f3 F , w3 s1 |: X0 t9 k3 q0 n2 dfloat Single-precision floating point type float value = 1.23F; . Y% z7 F$ ~$ w3 y; d
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double Double-precision floating point type double val1 = 1.23 " X6 G* ?, [ F
double val2 = 4.56D; ( a& H3 J1 R; h0 B! U+ U
8 `& ?6 I: r! w( w5 L4 Y* nbool Boolean type; a bool value is either bool value = true; 2 g1 [, s/ k: I9 w true or false & j! S' j& j" I* Y, v' o
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char Character type; a char value is a Unicode char value = 'h'; S% i3 q0 ]8 r; h2 S+ z7 n
character " k; a0 F) `+ ]; O; |/ r
8 `! L5 F8 S v) t; ~1 s8 m
decimal Precise decimal type with 28 significant digits decimal value = 1.23M; k* `6 J2 p3 W6 J+ u6 `
[. Z, F# g0 ?你也可以自定义自己的预定义类型,可以这样:*/ 7 V9 A1 N* L% _4 P- j- Q c0 x
using System; 9 i5 O# s4 A4 y6 U1 X( z
struct Digit ' J( Q& p+ |( n% I' K! i{...} : l, v6 i$ d+ Y$ ^% S) e
class Test 9 T! }4 z/ a) V; }. j# _8 q
{ $ d, Y" r9 R) x8 s+ d1 D static void TestInt() { $ Y# u4 s6 j+ I
int a = 1; 8 A$ H8 @( K ~+ o# ^' g int b = 2; ! A" m1 @- z; j3 b' Y7 @& g
int c = a + b; 6 m. H- y1 I3 @$ _ Console.WriteLine(c); : e5 h& Q9 S6 D: V7 j
} ; X! W+ @4 T) O8 a2 d) ?4 m8 H2 k
static void TestDigit() { 6 _# n& ]( r+ Q% S3 Z+ q
Digit a = (Digit) 1; ! j% X& }5 g$ p q& b* K
Digit b = (Digit) 2; . L( o- R% i" q& Z [$ P( W# ? Digit c = a + b; 7 ~1 F& Y- s+ k* C2 ~( R Console.WriteLine(c); . D2 Z M0 a& v* f
} 6 y, s7 ?0 l' p" T) ]7 b' h
static void Main() { # g' Q) n% X: r- R! @
TestInt(); ' x. ]! @. v! ~ TestDigit(); 8 @+ J. z* s ?0 z/ q } ! \% z" |- A. F7 z, Z; ?5 Z) A V} w! M* |3 \5 ~
/* 8 c6 a' N' o' g
这一节有点沉闷。:(4 V& v! @/ }5 t; y& M