2009年MCM B题 能源和手机 翻译 参考资料 数据集中帖（更新资源）

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kk3320b

资料~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~·

mathilda1006

PROBLEM B: Energy and the Cell Phone

This question involves the “energy” consequences of the cell phone revolution. Cell phone usage is mushrooming, and many people are using cell phones and giving up their landline telephones. What is the consequence of this in terms of electricity use? Every cell phone comes with a battery and a recharger.

问题B ： 能量和手机

This问题介入手机革命引起的“能源”后果。 手机的采用量迅速增长，并且许多人使用手机后放弃了他们的座机电话。 这种情况会导致电能源的使用出现什么样的后果？每个手机都配套一块电池和一个充电器。


Requirement 1

Consider the current US, a country of about 300 million people. Estimate from available data the number H of households, with m members each, that in the past were serviced by landlines. Now, suppose that all the landlines are replaced by cell phones; that is, each of the m members of the household has a cell phone. Model the consequences of this change for electricity utilization in the current US, both during the transition and during the steady state. The analysis should take into account the need for charging the batteries of the cell phones, as well as the fact that cell phones do not last as long as landline phones (for example, the cell phones get lost and break).

要求1
假设认为当前美国，拥有大约300百万人民的国家。 从可利用的数据估计家庭的数量H，每家m个成员，过去全部使用座机电话。 现在，假设所有输送路线被手机替换; 即m个成员每人拥有一个手机。建立数学模型估计当前在过度转折时期以及平稳时期美国这种能源所使用量的变化后果，分析应该考虑到对充电手机的电池的一系列不同之处，包括手机使用时间不如座机电话长的事实。 (例如，手机的丢失和损坏)。


Requirement 2

Consider a second “Pseudo US”—a country of about 300 million people with about the same economic status as the current US. However, this emerging country has neither landlines nor cell phones. What is the optimal way of providing phone service to this country from an energy perspective? Of course, cell phones have many social consequences and uses that landline phones do not allow. A discussion of the broad and hidden consequences of having only landlines, only cell phones, or a mixture of the two is welcomed.


要求2

考虑第二个拥有约300万左右人口的“伪美国”，与目前美国拥有相同的经济地位。然而，这个新国家也没有手机也没有座机。这个国家从能源角度看什么是最佳的提供电话服务的方式？当然，手机有很多固定电话不拥有社会后果和用途。广泛讨论一个国家只拥有座机，只拥有手机，或两种混合的隐藏后果是非常有价值的。



Requirement 3

Cell phones periodically need to be recharged. However, many people always keep their recharger plugged in. Additionally, many people charge their phones every night, whether they need to be recharged or not. Model the energy costs of this wasteful practice for a Pseudo US based upon your answer to Requirement 2. Assume that the Pseudo US supplies electricity from oil. Interpret your results in terms of barrels of oil.

要求3

手机需要定期充电。然而，许多人始终插着充电器，同时，很多人的手机每天晚上都要充电，不论是否需要。建立模型在要求2的基础上讨论这样情况下伪美国造成的能源成本的浪费。假定伪美国使用石油供电。在石油使用两方面解释您的结果。


Requirement 4

Estimates vary on the amount of energy that is used by various recharger types (TV, DVR, computer peripherals, and so forth) when left plugged in but not charging the device. Use accurate data to model the energy wasted by the current US in terms of barrels of oil per day.

要求4

估计不同的数额能源所使用的各种充电器类型（电视，硬盘录像机，计算机外围设备，等等）时插着充电器但是没有进行充电。使用准确的数据建立模型估计目前美国每天在这方面所浪费的能量折合成石油。


Requirement 5

Now consider population and economic growth over the next 50 years. How might a typical Pseudo US grow? For each 10 years for the next 50 years, predict the energy needs for providing phone service based upon your analysis in the first three requirements. Again, assume electricity is provided from oil. Interpret your predictions in term of barrels of oil.

要求5
现在考虑人口及经济增长在未来的50年内的情况。如何使这个假设中的美国发展壮大。对于每一个10年的和50年内根据您的分析前三要求的结果进行提供电话服务的能源需求预测。另外还有一个假设是：电力来自石油。解释你预测到的石油桶数目。

cumtbo

我也来一个

lott

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fengxiaolong12

我也抢一个啊

猜我是谁

抢……抢……

妹残

报道，选了这个题

妹残

报道，选了这个题

80204779

赶紧啊！谢了！