$ x' ~4 o3 I K# J4 L) q& J8 r: e& [
4、Python代码 ' q& D4 }+ d* x#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-" W% o: S0 _7 c. A* w
8 @: ^' H5 b) `7 ^3 h4 c, ^import random ' |/ n% u) p( f, A0 Timport math " q5 \+ J+ W+ d7 yfrom operator import itemgetter 2 q- w3 x( H1 _9 E0 |9 p 0 p. f1 ?4 Y5 ?; L: [class Gene: ' s( y1 u* H' b1 J9 p5 s$ F '''5 a& K6 n* B4 Q9 w
This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom/ \2 R" l! t; h& A9 v
each object of this class have two attribute: data, size % N% `9 C, n0 z L) I4 y ''' - i+ j$ _( A. R" i def __init__(self,**data): 8 L/ j4 w% J* M8 s& s" p self.__dict__.update(data) ; E3 E- ~! ~9 d+ P
self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene ) t3 x8 T: b- G, V% M4 C8 O( R: y I, q/ k$ {3 M2 ? $ o' `* K9 X. E) d& yclass GA:0 N+ Q1 B" Z, [ j5 U4 d( t- C
''' # w% i T9 `/ l+ }$ H This is a class of GA algorithm. . J u8 P$ E( v8 b6 [+ p" |% P ''' $ O! {0 S! ^+ |8 N def __init__(self,parameter): ( s5 b& l0 s9 \$ Q' n7 ?9 I) v '''# W: W0 c5 I( x6 V9 Y
Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value .; K6 m* O* o3 K$ k0 Z3 G
The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that:' V+ g; Y9 f, E
J2 i# V0 ~! q6 e7 f$ J8 M
{'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)} 7 M. k1 O, { x5 y3 w+ x Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2]5 J0 W, Q" s! L1 C8 C+ j7 u: ~' c4 N
/ I, S8 d4 V( }9 R ''' 8 c+ |: K% A. N' g4 ^# A #parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up], R8 S: q6 K+ m' T
self.parameter = parameter # s4 {7 I! D- a. C; l0 c; I5 l- e; v# D( v& a" ^5 w- ]( P6 | P+ S
low = self.parameter[4] 3 O5 j, c" t7 p+ V2 h0 B5 o7 z up = self.parameter[5] 1 g. C+ W+ M. }' e ~ n8 D7 G) X/ ]. W5 p9 n7 W e
self.bound = [] 3 j2 R) b8 Z, K5 _0 c" A! x L self.bound.append(low)& |/ a7 w1 y* G- ~
self.bound.append(up) % U0 |5 R% A: \% j 0 L$ p! X; i/ {; @9 W) C! X r1 V pop = []. {* U. F: ?1 s; y7 ]
for i in range(self.parameter[3]):& m2 S5 ~/ [$ R- ^. x1 c" \0 g
geneinfo = []+ G' f/ l: b# }+ F7 |. Y
for pos in range(len(low)): : \& z3 Y$ p3 m4 i5 _; T6 _ geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation & e. x: C# T2 g/ h $ E$ B# [2 [9 ~1 a Z8 O fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome6 Q$ U0 c! S$ r: A8 }
pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness : i! i0 J, ^( z ` 8 N% m8 C L5 A% l0 p self.pop = pop. w2 u0 R, r3 G- [7 T; G
self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population8 _7 G" [' I& a
2 [6 t4 d2 Q$ G$ K4 `
def selectBest(self, pop): 4 x* o6 q8 [% }7 E8 s( N( t- o '''+ e% o* Y% F, _: [. X
select the best individual from pop ) D' p5 |3 Z+ e! n) o! @, o ''' " [) w4 z, J5 G3 Q, u7 |& M: s/ Q4 s s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False) : \' \7 ^; L9 |$ O6 o" j# l return s_inds[0] & P0 l! H( y4 s! K e 0 G- r! D+ {- [" z$ r G def selection(self, individuals, k): . R# V- U8 C( g8 h% Y ''' 3 p* @" ?- y- f6 j6 d select two individuals from pop3 U! I9 ?1 P" O: E
''' , ?& K0 ~- H. | s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness 9 ^9 k& y* S' E, L& C sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop " ]" f3 X3 O* L7 _( Z* r, K7 P- ]' |# ~3 `/ K( O
chosen = [] 2 {/ f2 A. t2 @+ e* G, U for i in xrange(k): % d3 j1 r U" t' |; U/ N u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits] ( f8 ^, I3 T# b5 D; t; ]0 g3 z sum_ = 0 6 a3 S* y* H5 w1 \# z5 ?1 @ for ind in s_inds: : \0 k3 v7 z8 [4 ?0 q8 k, `# k sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness , h& H: o( ?9 X8 p( c if sum_ > u:$ r4 C8 _8 }( {: f! Y8 C8 V- c
#when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop. C$ ^6 E/ u/ F5 F
chosen.append(ind) 6 W8 R5 B! l" ?, ]5 E break2 i+ o! q, u1 q1 @ B% K+ p2 g1 |
$ R. q& u- w' n5 b return chosen e+ ^8 S2 Z5 c5 O5 X. m4 j$ J
; `* e! q5 {( I* }( G. B* R) e9 ?3 `+ K! O ]4 }7 H7 S
def crossoperate(self, offspring):: [( @9 |' n8 @5 r0 _% W! p' Y" z$ h* _
'''& T/ E& p4 M6 k) b
cross operation+ U1 a2 d+ F- S% B" O5 v
''' 2 ?7 u7 u h! \/ q$ }9 M dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data)7 `+ ?" L2 E1 u9 Y% _
) P$ K; l, X% ]2 ?* t+ R- Z; t geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop |7 w/ H) c( M0 X; t
geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop8 U" A2 q# i- V; j/ \8 S2 K
% Z. a) p1 d% F% X pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, 5 j1 R9 d- v! `3 S. p! S* Z0 W+ e
pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim) " {( ?$ p7 z1 U- O& E . n9 T Z' m) l% X7 ?1 G& o. B newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation( i- e2 R2 X* H" N( ^+ W
temp = [] 0 {8 g# `: Y$ \# \* h( [4 e/ Z for i in range(dim): 7 L ^ o3 Q( i% I if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)): u9 F. f) a. l
temp.append(geninfo2)5 w( B& I3 F& |! Q5 g% I0 I5 r* P
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] & k- o+ g$ h! N3 ` else: $ x+ } t5 K0 Z8 ~5 F* U1 O temp.append(geninfo1)/ ~7 r( F. ~( p' H+ I' y( t3 F
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] 8 n5 F/ D- k$ L newoff.data = temp , V/ `! Y6 ~6 b# E) X, M# i& k$ ]& x) e2 j. t. Q
return newoff6 ?' i0 F: @; R% R
3 q2 l: \9 Y" O* R7 @9 g# ]
* v2 [, j6 U! c" H$ H7 f def mutation(self, crossoff, bound):$ P, k$ B3 N+ S, k4 |1 W( O" h
'''' |: {0 G" I4 h2 [
mutation operation; d& |# E4 n n, ]# c' U) }
'''; G7 Q9 x* w8 X1 ]0 p/ a& Q* l
) c2 n: l) m6 e/ x
dim = len(crossoff.data), M/ r$ O( K) M+ j" n
+ \6 k* H+ ^" a: H
pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation. & Z d- u2 n; j6 ^. i+ E' m # y& H+ p# y1 h; u$ ^ crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos]) , H5 O2 q. x- v$ y7 N1 w return crossoff + g' s2 `* Y! i# e* p3 [ 8 t7 ^. q# r! j def GA_main(self): ! x! N* l5 B- f3 z: c3 p3 m8 n ''' % @' i A6 n% p9 ?$ N" L main frame work of GA & U B M% [2 [) w6 [6 { '''/ e1 V3 W- u: U& X, ?" k- r9 c
+ V) L1 I+ J9 D1 M, `! Z popsize = self.parameter[3]; \/ E& M- m9 L( B
' a6 G' S L" r: O0 }$ n
print("Start of evolution") . U8 y! M e2 D! Y7 L # d( l/ N, f& [/ } # Begin the evolution ; s) D/ i: Y% R. N' a; p for g in range(NGEN):8 l9 X* @2 B. C" p+ b. V
, I, q- q3 e4 c2 ^5 I4 h
print("-- Generation %i --" % g) # U! p* y9 L- @: q x G3 x* w# n4 Q, s1 y
#Apply selection based on their converted fitness* R( N* N4 w* y7 l* k, b
selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) 3 \) F* Y0 \6 l6 @0 s r8 [6 [ 8 A# v6 ^. O( A4 | nextoff = [] # O1 M# m0 o9 ?; s
while len(nextoff) != popsize: 6 f6 A* b4 W+ v% F8 t
# Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring # X5 W* R$ H: X& q" R/ ^# Y
7 ]2 [3 G' c- d/ x [2 I- ?5 S # Select two individuals 1 S) L4 A8 V( Z3 L" o% Q7 [ offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)]) L/ F$ w. ^. i" v- y
+ K- k6 r1 B z6 O" m0 z6 Y if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB/ C5 k- ]( b/ N: c8 w* h
crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring)2 U! U* f9 x1 u/ w9 X
fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals 6 R+ ?# B5 s' @3 k3 {$ F& V: T $ m9 l( S- P/ F! w. y( r0 l. b if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB# Q) \8 M& K6 c1 l2 `, e
muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound) 9 b. E: P# ^0 L fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals1 ?" b1 q* U+ m' x8 K6 H
nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff}) ( I5 v& ?3 L ^ 4 w* d; f M" h: |) z! g( B- {# O # The population is entirely replaced by the offspring / t% m( e+ }( {* q6 b' N. F% E self.pop = nextoff& e d. j8 q' H7 k& e1 y$ Y
5 H7 ?% w" E; V/ {; P4 ?5 q+ I # Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats% W# d9 y3 w2 ^( X8 r% N! p
fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop]$ T! A J# p, ?
m1 J g$ p4 L3 e
length = len(self.pop)3 u$ N l; S9 `
mean = sum(fits) / length O1 ]3 e Z% T7 n$ ?+ y& x
sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits) 7 p7 o; p, |! @& x( h; M std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.5 9 S K6 [% }! s* M- g O best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop)' ~, M3 I- A( r. k4 w& z
& N/ [" H% z/ _, c& `1 _ if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']:) \+ v) d n* [
self.bestindividual = best_ind4 p. k3 k8 w. T9 J s" x
" @( }; K. ?' ~/ i print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness']))) V" `* m' \3 M% z+ s
print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits))8 n2 F1 X h6 O% ?* N$ y
print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits))5 ^5 ?) w: C7 D/ }
print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean) - B3 E" t8 ^ a, |! t8 X print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std) 2 K9 o# k1 Z1 E2 [! y ) h1 x) J, y& P print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") 8 ?$ a) {, M- _3 J
3 T# W* [8 k4 w$ L [, U* Dif __name__ == "__main__": 4 ]1 e7 z0 o# B5 ~! S7 f b* @' e) ]& P: f# e- y5 k
CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters - v" Y# ^7 q% s" F' E x 7 B8 ^7 P0 I' F2 X' Y b1 ~- |. b up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables 4 h9 @ P$ K" k. {$ i& d low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables4 ~9 r6 {; n; E- \- p# R" |
parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]* t. _, v0 n; l ^9 D
) S- |6 h2 v, I- p8 X5 L! o run = GA(parameter) 4 ]- v1 z! O1 |* M. X5 P7 o run.GA_main() W; }0 e% I$ a9 L0 |
————————————————- c1 d3 G% ^, a6 Q5 u7 \" D
版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。 ^! F1 j( \2 N# L" k' ~
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/72782675! Z. l& ?" ?- t- m/ ]