QQ登录

只需要一步,快速开始

 注册地址  找回密码
查看: 5054|回复: 1
打印 上一主题 下一主题

[分享]SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换

[复制链接]
字体大小: 正常 放大

2

主题

0

听众

19

积分

升级  14.74%

该用户从未签到

新人进步奖

跳转到指定楼层
1#
发表于 2005-8-8 14:22 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览
|招呼Ta 关注Ta
< >熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>6 {! |6 D1 I. H
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>( H" w' p; i8 i8 T% h
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>3 T+ I4 u" V, Y
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>, T8 u( h% P) n; Y8 ]$ n+ g
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P>- B4 ]  p' c. @
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>3 h; i5 j; ?* J
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P>+ i, u; V8 a5 v; D% H  J
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>  \% v8 f3 o0 x& c
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P># V) q2 r+ x! J# w# N
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
  P: d. Z5 L9 y- b, K; q; h3 H/ k4 s& W< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P>! X; W$ ]" n* x+ u
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>& w3 |# h: n. ?0 U: w3 Z
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P>
4 v+ ^! R; o" B9 M$ T1 {< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' M  c- ?" M( w$ P- _; z
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>; c% m) W& I- T/ v- e' D
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>8 H3 l( G8 s2 s3 _
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P>
7 s- Q. W) x, ^/ Z( {* Y/ ~6 V< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>1 @4 S# N0 h. B% a
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P>  E5 W# H; B* M( C2 h$ G
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' A# I' I% t8 ]  \
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P>
% I) W* y: }4 P- y: c: E< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>1 k5 @( {- k0 Y  ?, J& r& Q
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>
7 z0 G6 G  d- F( D$ u& k* n3 r< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>! d+ G* s. P2 q% v9 t4 F. Q
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>5 {6 X- q3 }) d( Y# m; T( E& r5 n
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
& }  ]" o% l8 ~< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
, ?- X  a! g5 |/ u; B" @- E" c0 \) }< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>, |- v, B; r) J5 K
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>
4 }* z* y+ e+ r4 |<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 O: Z1 r2 [- w& P; A
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
' V- E0 x5 Q( F* {4 _( d5 ^3 n9 k: Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 Y' j& a8 i- a0 {; N
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P>& @$ f. O8 E% _. v
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>% _, i1 e/ ~# _+ W) e! N
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P>
( M  g' _% Y5 V<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
/ [  W  V1 R& i4 Y5 f<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>
9 b7 u8 {5 T( I; t, ^1 h# X9 M! S<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
1 R( h4 q' s* E& {8 |, j$ X<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P>" q- b0 s9 @- w5 B) l/ W5 Q
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
( o/ i7 T; _# E- y: N4 Z% ]* J- y6 L<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>
6 R5 e0 i7 E' o! |4 S<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>" d; ?- g; y% I8 y
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>7 F5 x1 u/ q7 o" ]8 _
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
% S5 O9 l3 q3 U% V<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>1 ~; l% D8 ~1 `0 b
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
4 s/ v. T# a1 H/ E7 d<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>
! x" T/ P' A. ^& q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>) a" x+ v2 [$ H- [+ F$ u2 ?1 ~. D
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>% s2 c' U4 h2 H  C+ x1 m( a7 L
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
) ~5 X& V; q  N& K' [<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>
: U5 C2 W' d* _  Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P># f! O( s/ N' Z; ]
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P>
3 t) U' W3 p+ @! A7 K! f1 |<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>1 z4 z- g" a( }. Q' r- ?5 ]
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
5 a) p. T: I, o' X" a( U<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>! e  E! t, @/ A. k+ f8 r4 Y# h7 Q" m
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>
/ }+ H0 j) c- C2 V; _<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>: g  U; h$ g! n+ D# x0 M
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P>& a0 R! }* H4 j- w8 B. U# h6 s
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>; J& W' l( t; Z" K& ~) K% @
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>& {$ {+ m, Y$ H5 F, P7 E7 p2 {
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
0 z. ?8 U" G. V" M0 n& U<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P>' Y9 ]7 S; a9 W. u* v8 u+ w- ~
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
, V/ W2 ^4 D, c$ d- b( Z<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
  K7 l  W$ }1 D4 I/ I<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P># a+ J' M5 h/ G+ a+ s) z2 R2 ^" P
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>
& e/ V* I, o( L4 P3 O<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
9 }  U- H: r7 E! [<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!</P>
zan
转播转播0 分享淘帖0 分享分享0 收藏收藏0 支持支持0 反对反对0 微信微信
lzh0601        

2

主题

3

听众

89

积分

升级  88.42%

该用户从未签到

回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 注册地址

qq
收缩
  • 电话咨询

  • 04714969085
fastpost

关于我们| 联系我们| 诚征英才| 对外合作| 产品服务| QQ

手机版|Archiver| |繁體中文 手机客户端  

蒙公网安备 15010502000194号

Powered by Discuz! X2.5   © 2001-2013 数学建模网-数学中国 ( 蒙ICP备14002410号-3 蒙BBS备-0002号 )     论坛法律顾问:王兆丰

GMT+8, 2026-4-10 14:43 , Processed in 0.444563 second(s), 62 queries .

回顶部