! E) ?6 W! y5 H1 e今年的A题关于埃博拉病毒,B题关于马航MH370的搜索。我当时选的是B题。当时是因为头脑一热,想起自己在果壳网、知乎网、新浪微博、科学网博客等网络社区读过一些MH370的信息,就高高兴兴地拍板选定题目。交稿后第二天,回头想了一下A题,发现A题比B题更好玩……现在我的感觉,无疑是: ; A2 k. d, `6 o8 _ * z! }7 x2 y1 S) N6 N# L; m女儿已长到8岁了,忽地发现当年娶错了老婆。还能怎么办,女儿都有了,离婚不行了,找当年的意中人发发短信、搞搞婚外恋就算了吧……还能怎样呀……唉。 ! o$ V8 Q0 l5 x# ~, D8 A' M2 q, }) J) d2 I2 Y5 O6 z. l
于是,今天就试着做了一下A题。 0 @3 S% _, {: @0 v3 k. x# y( h [5 N- T
A题题目原文: 6 C0 E$ t4 L: M# R% T, A2 N7 b- \; h; p1 s PROBLEM A: Eradicating Ebola - F( q$ q+ X- B1 v- {7 z( p2 y# R7 L3 e) X1 ^
The world medical association has announced that their new medication could stop Ebola and cure patients whose disease is not advanced. Build a realistic, sensible, and useful model that considers not only the spread of the disease, the quantity of the medicine needed, possible feasible delivery systems, locations of delivery, speed of manufacturing of the vaccine or drug, but also any other critical factors your team considers necessary as part of the model to optimize the eradication of Ebola, or at least its current strain. In addition to your modeling approach for the contest, prepare a 1-2 page non-technical letter for the world medical association to use in their announcement. # A! b/ i$ w. ]8 L3 E' u( D b* w& z3 s2 ^! {
翻译我就不做了,埃博拉相信也不用多费口舌介绍了吧……重点稍微用粗体标注了一下:题目关键是“疾病的扩散”“医药的配送”“疫苗的研制”等。 d- y+ |3 H+ [) C# B7 H
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解题思路可以用SI模型;埃博拉目前不能完全免疫,于是不能用SIR模型。但SI模型在这里显得太过于笼统了——大量细节信息都被覆盖了。于是我就省去计算SI模型的环节了。直接做小程序仿真模拟一下疫情。8 t# {* `4 E1 j7 ?7 W
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程序是NetLogo写的。就是《模型思维》MOOC的那个Scott老师用的NetLogo。文章最后会附上.nlogo模型文件。得安装NetLogo软件才能打开。 3 Z8 {8 j2 G4 g2 N. B2 n4 D# s: Y. j" E' @% X
NetLogo官网下载地址:https://ccl.northwestern.edu/netlogo// Q, ]+ y) P2 g; k
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这个小程序的界面是这样子的 1 O v: h$ s% l: U; y6 E7 n, {* X& ^0 K