; i/ `% W: i0 r; w! Q& ^4、Python代码) z$ R' Y* n/ F3 `" C* x" x" `% p: `
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- " C2 B/ u% r i" y6 q* c; N: V 2 Z" I* A! m B( ^# h. `import random, r9 @8 g, S" \* D. `! }
import math e9 S$ N5 l$ {$ S& s
from operator import itemgetter 5 |3 U! P7 Y G( t/ |* N( O- m # M! w* v7 H3 Y7 K6 mclass Gene: 1 a3 q0 m Q, V+ Z ''' + V3 ^* ]( T% [% S9 r, F# _ This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom ! g8 k* |! f- g each object of this class have two attribute: data, size; n; b( r: F# r4 h$ u2 h/ c3 c5 D3 l
''' / H" V, q* @) F K* i) U9 }3 r) r4 F ` def __init__(self,**data):, I4 S2 L3 I& ^# Y6 g( l( ~! C7 `0 J
self.__dict__.update(data) 2 N) G. l' S" G/ M9 w self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene , a1 k$ L2 o( w + k& {9 S3 m3 V2 Q+ l 6 h$ [$ v- U% S! i# @class GA: & z1 u( u2 k: j; X% M ''' \" E2 e. B! z% z# f8 T
This is a class of GA algorithm. 4 P, T( T+ O M( L! i
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def __init__(self,parameter):+ E+ b+ [2 T4 z6 d8 S7 {7 B
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Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value . 7 }( U" i: D3 y& v) n The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that: 6 y5 h/ c0 s- M+ M0 X4 v1 b' L1 t/ D& c
{'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)}7 Q8 B: M" o7 I4 h! W4 A
Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2] " U( i9 b9 w% G$ p( \7 q# g/ S8 D: I& _. g% r- i$ q2 I
'''# X% n4 h5 m% }6 W" Q( H
#parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up] 9 |$ h9 ]4 }! h self.parameter = parameter4 {; f* {9 q. d
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low = self.parameter[4] ( M2 q3 f/ ]7 D5 i7 E5 w up = self.parameter[5] % ^2 {* t. A2 U% G( V . D4 q- U+ k$ o$ T) } self.bound = []( M- X2 g; i& a, _# R! g% ^
self.bound.append(low)" v- q: M" z U N& X; [
self.bound.append(up) 1 A4 p/ j! Y( n# R5 i" ~& J* o ( `7 ?# L; i3 g4 G pop = []) q9 T1 \! n/ T: S- x
for i in range(self.parameter[3]):" s4 t: c+ l* K+ G3 B7 t6 ?/ O
geneinfo = []1 Q( m3 t( ]9 h7 [' I3 J! b
for pos in range(len(low)): 1 _2 T& U! t# R geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation b8 _) {* k9 F$ h8 w1 c, j 2 ^- R5 P$ J2 h2 f% M# M fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome! V% H" F7 i8 f: c
pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness. m5 w3 P; n0 U. a: U
. Y5 R' ]; G: X, r% c( w self.pop = pop 7 K8 i. S1 u8 x1 L3 b' }8 e self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population# D5 ?& Z3 U4 K0 z# f
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def selectBest(self, pop):3 N ~' c9 V& u0 L& T: G& x0 V- L
''' 0 }0 d+ ]7 G3 b, d6 x' ?5 W select the best individual from pop & T6 N8 i. t" t% ~. S1 x) R" r ''' # n8 T) e- s! M& L s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False) ( r& n9 p+ u$ u0 X! D# c% T return s_inds[0] 5 x. Y5 o5 O( t$ P . {) V2 D% f- I: U+ e def selection(self, individuals, k):( h! K4 [6 Q" p+ i5 W! F
'''/ V8 Z3 w- c8 o
select two individuals from pop1 g- h: [3 z2 \ |; y
''' & p9 p, }5 J( a+ Z9 ^" C+ N2 K s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness 8 M" M5 F$ W' V3 h
sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop2 ?8 @& u' r8 {1 M i
+ N0 X! L0 z# S& ^# v2 J, I chosen = []) u8 D: K, ^" P4 ], ^% n: d
for i in xrange(k):# |+ c3 y. h Z3 m2 U* A
u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits], m+ W( {" m/ E' T
sum_ = 0# l5 [4 K, g+ L0 M' X$ m
for ind in s_inds:1 t. g( g& z) @% s o
sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness8 c3 ^5 I) L" n. O
if sum_ > u: 5 j. Q( Q- s1 |; {+ ^/ a #when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop: V7 O v# I( |% ~9 N
chosen.append(ind) 5 C) B9 ?" w: A& V; t9 H break 2 j7 @2 n( F3 D; P. B, T& A& x# ~( i, C8 R5 w4 c* T
return chosen 7 U. M$ ?6 B( T( M T# m2 B ) l8 t6 w& {* E9 L0 Z9 `) x" w+ m, ~( z$ C* ^6 ~" ?$ _- A
def crossoperate(self, offspring): 8 o6 ~! Y, r7 B. f5 F9 m. ? '''$ \! e* [- h, O* T1 D% `+ U" w2 T
cross operation z4 B$ y8 p3 y: g J* x, ^
'''/ t( h& w5 `! |1 n2 d
dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data). ~3 w: I8 s. ^7 Q: U6 F0 h3 m1 B
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geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop2 S& X. A) ~* ?* ?0 [8 _8 E3 J
geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop ) o! r+ g0 I. W+ d O( F9 z1 @+ ~2 n
pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, o8 `1 j+ C( i) ~/ z- S0 b pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim)# K- d5 T/ T5 Z$ R6 ?3 v
( m. j2 b( ~' g& }3 g newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation , i: P4 O `: S1 ~8 o temp = [] D1 }) d9 s& ]/ A6 l" A
for i in range(dim): , j: h. ?; G3 s9 | y4 I# U+ G) z8 k if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)):" A! N, v$ X/ W. K
temp.append(geninfo2)1 E0 E5 l# F2 C" O- g
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] 7 P1 q& i- a$ @' l" A# ]% E else:6 U+ S' L9 h4 o
temp.append(geninfo1) 7 R# I9 Q7 n8 `* t: I! ^4 v #the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] - R) u: M( Q9 t$ s h& } newoff.data = temp 6 F B" p, g6 |: i( }2 v$ e0 {: W , s* _! O" B: v0 Z* \- Z return newoff * l( `3 L: C, C ( I+ v7 f, Q$ H! b1 R3 r! h$ a; M3 q$ i) L2 n$ P" ]
def mutation(self, crossoff, bound):* b7 k0 N& A k7 X% a A% E
'''8 t6 e. X. O* ?" I- b
mutation operation % |& [7 y- Q( g '''( B; S; Z/ T5 k X+ ]
1 {# Y/ k* s( B7 [ G! M dim = len(crossoff.data) 3 `3 F6 i' u( g* U% i5 P7 z% C# k+ z( S
pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation. 5 d; {+ R" t: S' ^ 4 ^8 y; O) n% d H+ u crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos]) 1 m$ f6 n- b+ R return crossoff 2 v. n8 b( @: @8 K. H ' f* F; p: m M. u. b* P# z) q6 T def GA_main(self): 5 p/ ?6 P3 n# ^5 n2 R; N' K& c Q '''1 _, o! z+ `2 s
main frame work of GA . v Z& n1 h" l( s; o$ x8 [ '''( a, s4 E' q3 P$ e
* Z2 Z& a# g. c$ D* K+ P popsize = self.parameter[3] ( r$ {' F: F2 n @- U. C / d( K5 z4 G1 q! `/ b5 \4 b print("Start of evolution") h! Y) i1 }# s7 A
2 J. J) n% q9 c3 V # Begin the evolution 3 n" P- h- ^1 L6 j3 ?3 A# F for g in range(NGEN): \- _5 g* n6 O& }: }' j% [1 ^
7 K3 y+ a# _3 [ z print("-- Generation %i --" % g) 0 R) N( o: x+ F) B8 _ Q- c* O. T- m% E7 x% Z3 r7 I7 ^3 n
#Apply selection based on their converted fitness 1 t" Z( [8 w: r selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) 8 \2 J! c8 S3 K4 i2 r
g/ Q. ^; \7 F3 M6 y nextoff = [] / @; `. B e6 |
while len(nextoff) != popsize: w: p5 l1 p) A
# Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring . x6 q/ L1 d9 D5 i5 L! L ! X4 p7 B7 J( f # Select two individuals7 Z$ K$ q' X" B% h) P
offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)]2 H, [7 S6 P6 o" S$ V8 o
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if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB- \" f+ z# D5 Y0 G; n
crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring) 8 s% }5 j/ P7 d& S F fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals ! n' | Q$ Q+ ]# J! S+ {* O; d3 _6 g( ]6 b- J
if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB ! e% V& R$ |1 m$ e; K1 s# }6 x& e muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound)$ N' J' a6 x# ^1 C7 O( p
fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals2 K {: N9 T1 t x
nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff}) + x. T6 J6 b- T" f: {# Q* b- [ ( ^+ r! y3 ]4 Y # The population is entirely replaced by the offspring: Z. B3 f# r5 f
self.pop = nextoff; k- t+ K3 H: @6 E& N
3 U2 p8 S) i2 \- C # Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats4 Y" P* }& Z- }" f+ y8 U$ P) n1 t
fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop] 9 l% `7 ?, }; D $ I1 p# j. `5 m, G0 X) T( } length = len(self.pop)% O0 X7 G% r( E) Z& D9 J
mean = sum(fits) / length 6 D% S7 U+ h+ Q2 d) R, } sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits)* F. `4 \) _! v3 I. |
std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.5$ z: P6 v% e: P' i* F# K" w1 T
best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop)7 p. I% p8 }: U3 M$ A7 N. b s9 z* K
& E" I# [* E& `" z! E if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']:' u0 N1 }3 T! s/ E9 s4 v D
self.bestindividual = best_ind , h. K" Q7 `- F. h- c - F: Q0 x- S9 W$ m$ C- W print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness']))7 L2 p: C2 U. L8 V; x. V. z$ S
print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits))5 h4 }6 U& F- J3 I% |$ v# O
print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits)) + t6 ~" h/ O( @4 x) @ print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean) ! ^2 Y% H9 b: r- z/ d print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std)3 |8 o$ a( I5 z. C
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print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") # \4 d# E/ j- G2 Q7 c+ Y: t+ J4 _" e
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if __name__ == "__main__": ! B6 \4 m; [. X 3 B' H$ I& C$ V CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters2 E0 |: J# `: ?8 K- Q% l* L. a
$ x8 S6 l. ^# Q up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables " C9 X; D K4 @: p7 A" M8 S' d5 ^; V* ` low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables 9 T" H8 |3 w$ U9 ?2 u1 ]$ E6 T parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]$ X2 ~8 x" ^4 |
+ O" b1 ~4 ~7 H run = GA(parameter) 0 \0 q3 S1 y2 Z; B. M+ v( N, M5 J run.GA_main() ! P: h0 r( w( T- H———————————————— & \4 V& s) g! b9 `+ s版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。 ; {# J- g% Z) ~5 P原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/72782675 + b4 u* }8 T: e * ~7 k+ O. I$ o2 n; h 7 ?* {7 G9 M% t' G! B9 e