AM真菌在生态系统中的作用

杨利霞

AM真菌在生态系统中的作用
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Forests accumulate and store large amounts of carbon (C), and a sub
2 M; M& q+ m2 G) U' c/ B- rstantial fraction of this stock is contained in deadwood. This transient pool is subject
; r2 c* \( q6 W; T, z. K- Gto decomposition by deadwood-associated organisms, and in this process it contrib
utes to CO2
emissions. Although fungi and bacteria are known to colonize dead
wood, little is known about the microbial processes that mediate carbon and nitro
1 d) W5 L0 t# m2 Fgen (N) cycling in deadwood. In this study, using a combination of metagenomics,
' U. a( n# \% P* {% Y9 ]metatranscriptomics, and nutrient flflux measurements, we demonstrate that the decom
4 ^5 E  K* w" y9 tposition of deadwood reflflects the complementary roles played by fungi and bacteria.
Fungi were found to dominate the decomposition of deadwood and particularly its re
calcitrant fractions, while several bacterial taxa participate in N accumulation in dead
) B( U6 Q9 l6 a0 B7 X% c# n1 cwood through N fifixation, being dependent on fungal activity with respect to deadwood
colonization and C supply. Conversely, bacterial N fifixation helps to decrease the con
+ S  P" ^/ O" L: |% b- p2 P3 f5 qstraints of deadwood decomposition for fungi. Both the CO2 efflflux and N accumulation
2 M0 S3 C9 x3 t4 Gthat are a result of a joint action of deadwood bacteria and fungi may be signifificant for
0 t# S/ Q+ l- b, y9 s$ e% Dnutrient cycling at ecosystem levels. Especially in boreal forests with low N stocks, dead
6 X/ M1 ]0 a4 Hwood retention may help to improve the nutritional status and fertility of soils.
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