Symmetry Operation ! C" h+ E3 M! Y; y h( \0 x! FSymmetry operations include the Improper Rotation, Inversion Operation, Mirror Plane, and Rotation. Together, these operations create 32 crystal classes corresponding to the 32 Point Groups. % d# C- Z; e8 ], b
The Inversion Operation takes h: B A' t+ P9 S1 j(x,y,z)=>(-x,-y,-z) 7 A* H' c6 u B and is denoted i. When used in conjunction with a Rotation, it becomes an Improper Rotation. An Improper Rotation by 360/n . For periodic crystals, the Crystallography Restriction allows only the Improper Rotations 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6. & n% l& s/ K& r$ I O' p+ n% M
The Mirror Plane symmetry operation takes Q }: ~4 a e9 v8 ]: A(x,y,z)=>(x,y,-z)=>(x,-y,z) - N, p; K) c( S+ Retc., which is equivalent to 2.