< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> % v* p, q8 O& T! U3 N$ B f. U< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 0 w3 v* b2 S: c7 h< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P> $ c* I0 {/ T+ v$ Q4 G< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>/ i# \1 S6 [8 g9 s& D6 D
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P> 6 Q$ a' E# o. {4 @5 k" ?< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> & T$ C) o6 I( T$ r0 t< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P> 3 \, j) e! [ \" c- G< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>3 p9 Z; ~+ z( k# Z$ z9 I" S. s1 j! F
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P># R& g7 W- c! w( e$ J: [
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>( `* t8 j! e2 y
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P> + w7 t4 t, \/ Z9 j6 H$ e< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' M) a8 z9 ]' t; g- i
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P> 1 J6 W1 @" U9 n< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>! ]/ ~1 L @: ]: E
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>$ l( }6 H2 I. u3 ?2 S
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 B" `; }- P6 b( S# `
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P> " n& { c1 g: W" Y `< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>" V3 H; z, A) N6 G
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P>3 o$ k4 ?% t/ Q7 O# N) w4 b
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P># O% l+ C9 E9 y9 r6 |
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P> " p# R- M, B& a9 N3 A% @) p9 l< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 Y+ Y4 W( R, e5 A u$ ~
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>! @* k7 J6 D$ ]+ I x
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ; t6 r0 }% W& A8 d6 J6 ^< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>+ j* P0 L3 K6 L
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 5 a! T; `% o; @- u0 T+ a4 a. T< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>1 n3 h, e' ~2 k2 l8 o
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>+ s9 n+ N1 F* M! q2 k
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>, B4 h4 P v# K5 R2 y
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> / {$ m' D$ _$ q3 I8 s% P0 V<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>. v( F2 s. r% R# X8 m, ~7 ]
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 |; S; K* M/ o
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P> / x" Y8 J9 M2 X# ^/ E<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>& Q! A4 C$ K$ D
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P> ; e( ?1 q g! i+ |2 S2 ?5 E0 ?, F<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' U% h9 G! G! f5 M# A$ v
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>! @. ^) h! K. b
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 2 l8 \4 i" u0 Z<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P> 8 b! q/ w- m- y6 o; V! E1 f<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>! _) w; L+ h5 y. K: t# {) N
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>2 e# u. }& G, U; l
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>: z4 T7 S V% d' }$ Q9 G* ?
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>2 }+ G& w+ l& p, h) x
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 6 b" J4 |/ y9 \7 R4 \0 \1 y2 J<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P> 6 K, G/ h3 l+ ?& T; V<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 6 ^4 Z& E* i, M9 H" R<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>0 ? g1 I0 g* P5 c0 n+ [
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> " u1 s/ f) I- h* q- H% F s<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P> l* Q# k4 l* ~8 p% q. R<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> . y* }% X X5 `" u" K<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P> . g- }. d" p5 [' h [<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 c! t7 t: `6 v3 ^) b ~; C' A U
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P> 7 n& Z/ c+ l9 b<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>: i, O6 @" V; Q. n( p- v* R
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> ; {% \3 ]) @- F* d<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 _# k6 t5 k% V
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>: R) }2 _0 P! H$ f
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>/ _" I& [0 _' U0 ]& @
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P>* v! m; X0 p) ?2 O5 W( s4 `! z' V
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>7 U9 K5 C' }: S/ n' K O& C
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>5 A$ U7 l& v0 c$ H9 B
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> / u% V4 w1 r9 A$ {1 |' E0 O6 ], n<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P> % d4 A7 U" M5 Q" |2 ^$ U: A<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>. e) t/ g/ o* A- B& X: Y
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> ' ]$ W: t- J6 [/ m& R8 u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>1 |: i4 b+ d$ }
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>) i# j3 P6 c' |
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!