< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> " n# j, m2 @$ @" a" F< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>& E" t; z5 O* `+ o
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P> # s9 T: q! a3 Z, g5 Q8 W% s< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ) ?" N4 u& m( W3 o< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P>9 L# y% C8 z5 o6 N3 P/ t% k# |# p
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 1 e6 }) v( \& y O# H3 S' b< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P>- G0 c, r4 u4 N% ? ]
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< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P> , h* u- D7 }& u) j @2 u. w% ^5 [& s< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 q3 V( s* b( j& T
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P> & J4 e' B0 f" m2 Q* [< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ! u: p. i, Z$ b: R6 p5 q: R* B< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P>; m# k C( ^+ ?/ x& _" U
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> }$ _1 `0 g; r+ R. g- q< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P> u7 Z* M# V$ Y9 Z/ n0 @
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> - c3 _' {! [, k$ {) g, ^2 {* M+ f< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P> / h0 t: x' i7 e w6 Q+ y7 }< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> / J# }2 h0 u3 ~/ E2 a! `< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P> f: m0 ]& ]2 b
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> E, v5 x. H; l. j- |! |< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P># j4 q, X, y3 Z0 L1 T# @% o# \
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< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>3 e; U6 v* l. x# @2 [3 B* F3 L& w: _
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< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>3 R2 W D2 s* S+ T% [
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> % q2 B) a, z5 c, U< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> ) K! c8 f- }6 a0 A) W, V< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> G9 I8 I: P6 }" h
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P> 6 x" f1 k3 \9 c9 U. r) i8 U<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 7 C5 X+ O1 S. m# ?+ J) S' x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>, h0 r9 t- g6 o3 P; l& B
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 0 k `, C+ N4 I5 P<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P> , Y0 ]' s% Q! C( u+ q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> $ h7 O( A, D; L) q$ ?" A* j<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P> : ?( u9 ~% `! w* E7 i3 U0 l<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' t/ U& h$ G; T
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P> L7 S% l- i2 q& i<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>5 C. V- n8 g# D
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P>( `4 B( K, ?5 o [- v) Y' q; U
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 9 V1 X4 h$ b# V+ u# P5 ]<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P> m |2 _6 A( k. F8 a( |
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>9 ?$ P# d& p* b! z8 F; ^: M, ?# Z3 S
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P> 4 K7 t5 F9 o; C3 {+ M' }<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ( y+ k& r6 Y4 O( `, X* }0 U<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>4 P/ X9 W" S: m
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 1 J, K! R, s' A: b, l<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>5 R) c% P' M* }6 [
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 6 V) _% K `- r/ Y9 K+ z7 Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P> $ a: p2 @5 v* }2 R, [8 T# T8 l5 c0 n<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>+ O; K* ] C( f, ^0 _
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P> 8 P, X; N" f8 s F+ k* E3 M$ y<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' W; i$ M( }0 o6 S/ Z& U n( J% I
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P> 5 r( j: k% i+ `6 B<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 9 P+ n- u4 u, m4 l3 J0 e: @<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>2 u" a$ G- {# `0 Y* t$ j
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>/ w* y" ~4 A ~* k8 \5 @- u" [3 Q& v
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>6 q z) q, H e2 V$ [
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>8 Z4 w- X% d+ {1 x9 P9 U6 Y
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P>9 w. K+ J' }- t" b3 I5 d9 y
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 0 [9 W5 C) X: X* E<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P> }9 S! W! F. _0 F<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 8 \9 A, b" p3 q, ~( M<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P>4 e7 ^* R# y' g& F- i) q
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 6 m/ h# ~0 w" Q( D<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>' e6 |& T" ^9 W
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> # b/ I6 H: x1 {8 h$ [4 W4 m3 w H$ w0 G( x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>2 A% R( G. n$ z1 A' |
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!