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4、Python代码 9 x3 e7 h2 \4 Z c2 p* h( ^#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- - L! L& r6 \% @' _% j" b5 ~# W/ w$ G! x3 J
import random . c: L. F) m9 g, U8 W/ m- P$ rimport math 4 l! B/ ^( v5 M; [) t* e) yfrom operator import itemgetter ' i8 ?4 k5 E: J+ ~1 {5 K : M7 f6 g6 w6 P- sclass Gene:' j, Q+ B6 _/ E% r# H- d
''' N" X2 Z, ?" `8 Q, t This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom $ E9 D2 [, {5 U9 F* v# N7 Z8 | each object of this class have two attribute: data, size B Y% F( K/ C& Z ''' * I7 G* l0 A0 ] def __init__(self,**data):' A( P P8 Z/ h+ Q! k
self.__dict__.update(data) 7 q) ^; ^; L5 s+ _0 q& m6 b& e self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene2 O, Z; I* Q" R0 r, r$ r
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9 ?5 v! @, z$ Q iclass GA:" J& a. p: u4 |% \
'''1 ~ }5 z4 p( _) o+ h" W" k
This is a class of GA algorithm. & ^" l6 }3 {1 a& p) D( r
'''2 x7 D2 S% C( W
def __init__(self,parameter): 9 m1 g5 b9 h4 {: s3 H7 }: N ''' 0 y4 J5 c( f" z% W$ y: Y0 n Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value . * J2 a# F9 X# d9 w The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that:4 `9 V8 d, n! S; b9 Z
w, J, {# i4 o2 {$ N6 S1 R" K {'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)} B5 D: c5 G* M$ t% b' T Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2]: M5 O/ {4 a6 {. n. p- I2 c' n% }- \
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'''0 ^: d! q: f# N/ g8 W: R
#parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up] / e! Y( t; b$ n- K/ h# F$ b$ x4 p self.parameter = parameter4 A- e; n3 D0 y
% {- ^0 N o! a
low = self.parameter[4]& d4 r& Q3 U0 P! X
up = self.parameter[5]; L0 T. N- t. \1 a4 d% W5 k& a
5 K k( G! n) e2 O) t& g self.bound = [] 8 @/ q5 e3 o, i, h, B self.bound.append(low)0 ]# w* |/ b3 P$ w
self.bound.append(up) 6 o0 T2 ]$ [! b9 P, C+ I* w5 ]& Y) C$ c2 d) ?2 V
pop = []- F; c( {0 N5 q- A
for i in range(self.parameter[3]):7 G" N0 s3 |9 o- l1 M
geneinfo = []3 U' D6 j6 Y. G# r
for pos in range(len(low)):6 w( D: d5 G# |
geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation! H- t0 x2 j) P U0 `% E
1 [( W" F& j2 H" D fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome 1 t, R- [7 k7 V) U( r1 v4 {; j8 k pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness z8 I, m H% h/ E0 g' [ K, Y+ z
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self.pop = pop 4 u3 S* _& n1 T6 \. Z) ^6 z self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population$ \3 i" Z8 P' a$ A$ p; n
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def selectBest(self, pop): 1 H8 w! x M: K- b7 g9 ~- S8 w2 _ ''' 4 M# h0 D! ^" m select the best individual from pop: l, N* A6 g+ T) [
''' m9 U" ]1 h; _
s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False) 5 @+ d. U6 h& B# n% A ~" ^ return s_inds[0]. N9 e$ a5 ^# Y% c& r/ m9 P
' Y) `& B* G8 g) Q$ F def selection(self, individuals, k):9 @. E3 ^3 j9 K s; ~! u
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select two individuals from pop D8 c m) I; C5 f$ D! \, q '''. ~7 w/ d/ S! f9 C
s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness . H! H' ?) [- D6 ?$ @. Q5 }' I
sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop ! C, Q$ c8 O6 F1 c+ f( K. C0 E+ x; A" x0 X* ?' Z* V. K7 X8 D9 F- }
chosen = [] ( u2 i! ~+ A) | n+ K for i in xrange(k):+ A3 j1 H' @1 b0 S
u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits]) G5 h' ^( ?# v
sum_ = 08 E) J% e' R3 [, p: Y1 m* L$ m
for ind in s_inds:" l4 o$ q C0 W6 e3 D, {6 T" z! k
sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness. [% ]" e/ t8 J; W
if sum_ > u: + g1 F( m; V9 M8 c i4 ? #when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop - Q0 ~: A/ j, O3 X chosen.append(ind) + `# [$ X6 N/ v) Z- U3 | Q" f break3 e4 p p. d- m
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return chosen - J1 C( {6 x: p5 \" D- s" }5 g* M. R- {4 Q: p q% @) r
3 }# L/ ^' {( H9 w c def crossoperate(self, offspring): 9 |' c4 u# S, ~, t) H" v '''* b7 x0 P6 g8 s
cross operation7 n2 U* J2 a: n; b) j
'''# B# O$ M7 B: |9 _- D+ B
dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data), C5 I v; v# r7 |1 n5 L
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geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop : e* B0 b( Q4 A& n geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop# S1 \7 Q0 }4 e6 E+ Q `3 k
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pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, 9 x* W* B) {: \* R pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim)6 \8 ^! `* E6 S9 c6 P6 b
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newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation, i3 b3 I+ @& n* l8 c
temp = []* p. p8 E1 F; \# E2 y2 `; {
for i in range(dim):* T1 V; Z5 O+ G8 `& B2 K$ X7 f
if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)):# {) @7 R0 f6 L' E
temp.append(geninfo2)+ E2 j. E( B* l
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] ! Z. K: _# q0 _2 \' t" b else: , A$ ^$ A/ z5 |1 P- \ temp.append(geninfo1) 3 o& x. z0 g/ ~) S1 X+ n8 R #the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] , Y- H: y% D; F; P newoff.data = temp' {) v$ C( L2 R4 W' Q' {* P. X
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return newoff9 p) e9 l& l: d8 E, Y! y. _6 I7 w) H" p
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def mutation(self, crossoff, bound): $ q9 o& A3 \8 W* D) o( x ''' ; M/ O' p5 f& t mutation operation ' y7 O2 R# ]- f( d '''5 B6 v8 N1 C* s4 S
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dim = len(crossoff.data)6 G6 c! j0 e ~5 W" z9 s
5 }* [& ^5 H0 S6 B9 o5 `5 _1 { pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation.( s9 ], V$ B2 G& u; E+ Z! @, `! ~
2 S! A; n6 J+ v$ v" z crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos])' q9 F; O5 b o; y
return crossoff, [* @5 v8 l& m/ u' E" c
: p ]8 E! N6 a5 L$ Q* |/ ` def GA_main(self): * Q ?, k0 e5 [- b4 _ '''9 i4 O F5 Z/ t3 j' W( I. F, d
main frame work of GA 3 q8 ^# f% I, j. m* i1 o '''4 r. ?3 n4 z1 N0 U; t
1 Y2 Z6 m; B/ W) N$ c( E G" `& M print("Start of evolution") - o( w" _# r- W& `8 G% O7 Q" P( N3 e
# Begin the evolution / O/ t5 o, G: M( C, N$ P2 x$ o for g in range(NGEN): ! W! V$ R2 w% P1 Y2 d3 l p9 h* I) n6 a
print("-- Generation %i --" % g) I& ~* l' g/ L% ]8 ]9 G& s3 C% w: Z
#Apply selection based on their converted fitness; y: Y& B; l( S i) J
selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) ( \4 Z" _3 e- \& p+ r5 m$ p( X* P# Z# c0 H
nextoff = [] ) J1 T. Z$ m& x1 X8 n. ]
while len(nextoff) != popsize: 3 Y6 X# M: V$ \3 z! f( w # Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring 7 O6 e+ C8 u/ a
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# Select two individuals# D# g& _3 A5 Y
offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)]) F0 O' N5 o. ?1 ^. F
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if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB ) ] P- y, L' R( P4 l+ g# B crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring) - W9 M2 v" {$ K fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals " r |! q% I, H$ A& y7 f( C1 O% L6 H" A2 }# [
if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB# @+ Z9 V T4 H2 x
muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound) 0 {" G9 n5 W U( V. d' }% D: L fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals3 V9 D' E8 ^/ R
nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff})1 ^8 _6 N# Z# c8 u3 s& [
. a) Z5 y% K% } # The population is entirely replaced by the offspring % C/ h- t+ F. ~2 ~$ L self.pop = nextoff' d. ?" C/ i' U; x8 r- r( m8 Y
% R) {5 w. H& ~ # Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats ( W. [; {& N7 p fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop] ( q% t, E3 U+ I( R& e2 [$ }, ?( D% C( {) |/ J' ]0 ?2 U3 {
length = len(self.pop)$ `6 M3 k$ C5 N: e0 O5 @' j5 ]
mean = sum(fits) / length6 l r, W# D3 p7 ~/ L4 ~* s
sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits)/ f* Q1 ^/ P- U! T8 I+ Y B5 }2 [
std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.5: I+ @# y- U" {) R
best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop)3 b" A+ g! Y* W d
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if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']:6 V8 a( @% }1 t% t
self.bestindividual = best_ind , v* {0 t& X. v3 B i 5 h$ T2 O+ c1 f) f) E. U" h print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness']))" S- h* Q8 x( j4 w
print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits))8 J1 l5 T; U( f x- s
print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits)) ; l0 Z1 k& n) Q& Z print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean) }% @6 M7 Y! i) R" r' S+ ]4 Y
print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std)5 b3 A' @5 q e+ G
& V1 h; H8 v6 z0 E+ L print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") 1 j8 i7 ?; t4 d/ E2 {( d8 R 6 K: ]- O5 B! B' I' z9 Q8 iif __name__ == "__main__":& A" ^7 y7 W; `. w
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CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters( `8 m# P: c/ z! b4 r
. A1 ~. M- s9 f6 `2 @6 r8 N up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables $ U* y& x* _! u5 j8 m; S( A low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables # ^9 {2 j2 @! d4 m1 q& k; e" D parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]) ]) L9 K! y E' p$ b+ R
! A% m0 I& x/ i m run = GA(parameter)- E& O5 o1 s$ Q6 E; ^6 C @7 s
run.GA_main() ) B! N& V) p# T# ~8 Z————————————————" s9 u8 }4 f9 a& {: V( W
版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。 ) E; d* f C# Y8 u0 Z& d原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/727826756 r: V' i/ P4 Z3 u' h
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