0 a1 f _) v$ V' h% ~1 L: d + |$ A# u' ]5 B9 S, g4、Python代码 4 N! i y4 z: D9 a+ q#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-3 s+ b/ P }' a6 H( ?
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import random. N g- s, A6 }! s; C! p3 [+ F
import math ' ^5 c& |% y8 D L' U% Afrom operator import itemgetter/ c" o* U. D; x
, S9 h, q/ w! F+ Q) d; S. a" pclass Gene: ) E4 i! r2 C! K8 j9 s5 w ''' ; ^/ P* i# }7 t0 p5 [4 I This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom 2 M1 m9 g* P$ K M0 Y" r3 { each object of this class have two attribute: data, size* `. j$ F7 ?* O( i, Z/ j
''' + h: p. P% k: l, {7 n def __init__(self,**data): ! ?6 A% E$ W3 w2 q' u- B/ Q* g self.__dict__.update(data) - R, R4 V3 @0 F. V1 b self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene( W' f$ M0 C! Z
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class GA: : l# R* t. A5 o" o J7 ` '''6 F o1 t1 }2 F" w. D
This is a class of GA algorithm. 5 K- [0 _5 h4 L) D$ h '''4 z" C# w. ~1 Z- v. D
def __init__(self,parameter):9 w/ ~& g h# k% U2 _9 B5 h7 _
''' 0 c5 r+ M3 }" E2 Q& w: C, H Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value .: J! K2 C$ a3 j* }0 V' X
The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that:3 _' e8 S0 l. {% J
) K* v4 v V2 r0 B" X! {" |. x0 P {'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)} # w- ]4 ?$ n4 z" e. ^ I8 { Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2]3 w3 [2 E: x/ I; H2 l5 J+ G$ C
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#parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]9 {$ [4 B/ U7 r! |% v2 b
self.parameter = parameter2 |; e1 Z+ g& _8 M4 I
1 f; | P* F. d4 P3 c9 V low = self.parameter[4]0 O' O4 f- B% ?8 w
up = self.parameter[5] . w& Y/ V ]5 G) S, B# t) q9 j9 o+ c* e
self.bound = [] ' ]& Z+ J; h6 p0 k& a$ q7 ^) P self.bound.append(low)6 u. h' `+ B$ @0 E/ A! {+ B; a
self.bound.append(up) ' ?: {; l9 |6 y. Y/ D/ t 4 B7 m, R( O( j" t; V G pop = [] 5 i: Q6 @. w; {- V for i in range(self.parameter[3]): C+ d$ A. r2 H
geneinfo = []. V' L9 e/ ^2 P7 q2 K* q- Q* C
for pos in range(len(low)):" \% ]5 K5 ?' }) {
geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation 9 c4 k+ r$ W; l! W2 y. b* h5 F- h2 Q. @/ b% A
fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome6 p* V' Q$ R G9 r. k
pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness 7 R0 N) D: U# u : \& h8 ^5 d8 c r- l self.pop = pop # E4 b" Y5 I/ G$ W) }/ q: u1 H self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population+ f5 p1 E) v! N
) b4 T0 V0 u7 y% C2 x def selectBest(self, pop): 2 ]; s& K/ }' G5 I: K6 W) I3 ` '''3 N* Q T3 d8 Q+ a( R* v q- d
select the best individual from pop/ Z9 t) P' D# {! l
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s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False), m d$ ?7 B3 j, h0 Y, U- w( l+ R" @# u
return s_inds[0] / x" ~5 F& s0 u0 J& u 3 s% M& F1 S7 @- `- W# e8 ]% y3 V def selection(self, individuals, k): . O3 u$ e$ z& r$ u7 M& c4 Y* J9 q, O! r6 s ''' 3 ?9 V; x# j! z4 Q% k select two individuals from pop0 w6 J5 @: [4 u% F/ y) J( M! T
''' . \# Y& b: ?) Y* ?- f- Q2 p s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness ) a3 O, Z* R9 ]" B3 z1 N8 W$ d sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop " P3 s: h. z" n4 r6 W: D, {2 x6 H* D) |$ S
chosen = [] . ?" a4 ]3 Z* Q: G+ i/ Q for i in xrange(k):0 m0 V0 @- p p, [
u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits] 1 J: Q# B1 S7 [/ v sum_ = 0' m1 N: i0 ~: p1 o/ L& ^9 ^! k' l: h8 N. j
for ind in s_inds: & Z5 i8 ~5 ]5 W- d4 u, R' g& t# C sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness 7 n2 m' J2 K+ u- Z( z if sum_ > u: ( E& [/ M, {. y7 r #when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop5 d) ?# R( \; l, A* u% I) g- D/ I
chosen.append(ind) 8 X. J8 }, K0 e9 a E' N( V break $ ~( D' O2 A2 v5 f2 D/ u: ]6 u0 t* b0 ]# H) q
return chosen 7 m$ }; y$ s2 e+ D. a! ^ 4 V8 y' i; `6 M3 P! s! f & ~2 _4 c7 K$ E2 e: y def crossoperate(self, offspring): % P! n$ I; b& p% v) e0 u1 b '''& @2 ~, Z9 G! w3 I5 |3 n' j
cross operation: _* q; A' \# D0 `3 `8 t
''' 6 V, h) R; N0 E! c7 s/ s, I+ W dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data)4 S% [6 u4 h& x+ r2 M6 D
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geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop ; \9 a$ P! p! v; P! } geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop k' _6 R: V6 P! l! g7 t( C
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pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, + d9 G# x( ?+ D0 ~) h
pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim) 1 w5 F, \1 B Z 2 i/ l% }& Z8 \ a0 n) i' [$ q newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation O# R( Z* H( B3 j6 a5 ~* X3 x# s
temp = [] 9 @. g0 ~3 P- [ for i in range(dim): 6 r' N" I& D+ ?: r4 P% G if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)):: v9 W. S! @$ d C7 M6 _
temp.append(geninfo2) ) `% Z/ B1 n) C$ h+ f/ g #the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)]! d% j4 s8 P; s1 g7 ~; a Q
else: ' U2 o8 O6 T6 j7 {+ i% R# S- Q- p8 Z temp.append(geninfo1)8 k. ]% D4 M7 ?
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)]9 w1 ]0 _, N) s( P4 S2 D9 }
newoff.data = temp % z) y% K' g1 Q2 L- g0 T! u% p# s0 _/ i8 W7 o' p6 k
return newoff. W0 b. p4 m9 ?
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- u8 m1 x6 l6 N def mutation(self, crossoff, bound):; g! \' O4 L0 ^) z2 W. s9 Z
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mutation operation7 o4 i1 j8 d+ i1 \, {" }
'''/ l1 A" A; @4 Z! w& I L' p7 z" k
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dim = len(crossoff.data)+ I T, ?5 E( H. d
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pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation.& D, ? u6 d+ D0 ]" e, c2 X
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crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos])( E S' Y$ A' K5 d" E/ q# {2 h: e
return crossoff 3 x# c( S/ c$ Y" M) Z9 C' P2 G! `1 m' S! O/ F$ O2 _, i0 j. P
def GA_main(self): 9 y9 X2 a( l4 m8 k+ J* F0 @1 j# M1 J ''' . c5 t! B5 L5 ~* y7 ^2 k main frame work of GA ( a( H# f% j- X( d' l; j6 n ''' # w* L5 `$ g4 e ~# U$ V, B' ?0 U) l, o' Y3 q/ b1 V
popsize = self.parameter[3]5 D+ l$ K% P7 |6 `' l- E% m
. P7 K. u) H/ a. D7 f print("Start of evolution") ; v/ X3 f D- B6 j; |8 h/ a5 p$ u( ?6 h0 k
# Begin the evolution U' g# W% Y B4 L1 Q for g in range(NGEN): + ^$ P3 w7 y! \/ x( ~: z+ `) |8 l4 ?$ G/ o& r j# u
print("-- Generation %i --" % g) + K/ V7 ?3 @# z
E! @3 X7 a' {3 q- X* q #Apply selection based on their converted fitness + _/ ^; Y; L2 F# t- V selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) - s7 ~. ]0 Y3 E2 b. l8 O: b2 F |/ ?# S$ z1 U7 l
nextoff = [] * h7 v6 P* J$ Z" J* @5 a while len(nextoff) != popsize: + B+ F7 _' m8 S: s O2 C0 i" f # Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring # W! Y* I) t4 H; \; ?5 j / N9 _5 y- r( J4 k # Select two individuals 1 a- y3 J' I3 T offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)] ( `9 c! w; w4 S0 \2 ` $ \% i! N* v: z) J) k' A if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB : X( C; G4 r+ C crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring) 1 W9 s) S( t9 X) K2 u# Y) G& A fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals : Z! F' S& K% o% u
4 j, E# x; b* \9 Y0 ]: W if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB& x9 O+ Y9 y5 m$ O" I+ F
muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound)" m6 F: c2 e' g0 _/ ?
fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals & W3 X& S* v2 t2 S! Y6 d1 u( x& }! J% d nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff}) 3 m, C+ [# ?7 t( v2 U1 V# e, ]* t2 H$ u5 M7 S) u: \! t
# The population is entirely replaced by the offspring J9 E: o4 e0 C' V* S' ~+ K) S
self.pop = nextoff2 p' ~) \: q0 }6 f
* P8 [- @0 ?! s) p4 l # Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats c, w' I0 Y0 R; X# ^# N) @
fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop] $ b4 i3 w( c3 b. R4 H" Y* B1 V2 u) K& @! _
length = len(self.pop) 7 \2 N! g1 G/ A7 ?2 R) W! s, r mean = sum(fits) / length : v$ \5 k; a5 d. K" d sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits) ! e: r! W7 Z" b! X/ a* K std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.5 5 s Q7 O; Y0 Z, Q best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop) + e4 t7 l, Q8 [3 n. y) Y/ w' e' |5 q b! k9 ?) j/ x K+ K
if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']:$ _1 T2 L( J8 n+ D9 x1 ?5 R y) t# I
self.bestindividual = best_ind2 s8 ?# w* w; F
& ~# `! \+ L" x# C- w- {0 L print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness'])); h6 A$ R s$ o; s' Z) }' q
print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits)) 6 a! J W' M+ h+ M print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits))- G4 Q' C4 ~( k5 E2 H
print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean) ; V' y7 `. G! t! `6 R7 r4 O print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std) # F( w- s, j8 J( o) Y$ e+ D I7 k# z% L
print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") , U% ?) m0 f3 }& k ^; O0 J6 `
) f! S0 b: r) p& nif __name__ == "__main__": ; E, m l5 C& m5 E0 K! y& h4 e9 E$ z* M4 w: b& b: x
CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters5 Y6 E5 V$ I! G3 r' r0 ?; E
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up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables ' a" G9 x: q# l" @6 T low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables R/ `1 Z, V% R5 A& {) I; r. n
parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]/ w8 h4 {7 f- w* V
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run = GA(parameter)0 @7 d% w; J0 R3 }% |
run.GA_main() % K o0 ^2 I1 {9 H6 c1 Q: m———————————————— ; v& ]! c. j( F3 |% o/ [版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。 ) ~9 G& G( S% u原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/72782675$ i& M' C& V. Q
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