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4、Python代码, f# u9 l1 z, q' }8 {& v1 L# f
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*-9 i2 V( |2 M. P* v( C3 y& z5 }: n
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import random ! a, O0 j: n# C# v& Vimport math 0 _; L1 n) h5 v- g3 y2 [$ ~1 J+ mfrom operator import itemgetter6 K0 H5 z* w% ^# P$ R# X
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class Gene:, \) f5 w0 n; e7 {% ]
''' , \: E4 u5 S) C) ~0 C This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom 3 d8 U. w( |0 A: a% s& } each object of this class have two attribute: data, size ' ~3 t$ K5 b6 B$ b- x5 g '''5 {* W9 h2 J6 v- U, E$ F+ y% n
def __init__(self,**data):) }2 B4 K) y! L# G3 I
self.__dict__.update(data) # q# U1 M5 O5 G4 L) g. K self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene ) y; h& y! a" u5 C2 N/ Z+ R3 h. k2 p W
6 y6 h8 P' \ sclass GA:' b' c3 Z6 j! ~' C) k# ~9 I# r
'''; c6 Q- I. S( K) x2 m- h3 O
This is a class of GA algorithm. 0 G- C F9 b; w! Q/ ~6 U
''' 7 ^' m) Z, q3 F2 J2 j9 N: @ def __init__(self,parameter):5 p, a& v' O/ L* n* i' Y
''' - N5 t) T- v) U8 z Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value . : W. {7 t6 O* w" g5 j* j' F The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that:1 [: C( F! e9 ~3 V; q
" W- S. u3 o z$ \% e9 L {'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)} , {/ U! m9 x- [; F+ ]) k Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2] 6 |$ D6 y) w( M3 N , M8 Z) T& R& Y A, x! s ''' & d( O# S3 W& v. V* ]9 v& ] #parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]5 n5 G+ r% r0 f: {7 q7 }% J. y
self.parameter = parameter 9 u5 Y) W7 g2 E$ Z) B3 X0 t ~8 N% ~. l/ a' K0 _
low = self.parameter[4]1 E# r# I j M5 C6 e! D
up = self.parameter[5]% x: q4 D4 R7 U
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self.bound = [] / X- N) M* k% O# z; d D. f self.bound.append(low) $ V: V9 K. V8 Y' M7 T self.bound.append(up) 4 J% f- B* C% K# C: n/ g0 s, Z& L/ _7 j4 D r
pop = [] 7 } i! N. o' o9 f for i in range(self.parameter[3]): 0 j2 v7 F3 P4 o& E. l. g$ \$ A3 r geneinfo = []' Y! P- b+ I' J0 b6 A3 @
for pos in range(len(low)): " l& e: K% ^7 v: i1 a3 h geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation' k! q0 a6 k1 p) e2 ^; p0 E
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fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome . X1 @! F! R1 ]/ l: @ pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness x; C: ]) o( L
5 z% A" Y' w/ s9 m6 P self.pop = pop - M" W- |" g" x: g& g9 S' E self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population ! F4 b% D: ^, ]) X2 s8 k* `7 g& X! @, m- a; i
def selectBest(self, pop): ' D. F& U1 ~& k" v4 E$ ] '''1 d% G' y# }* j. j
select the best individual from pop . Y, Y8 U* K6 N: E" P2 A+ B; w& I '''3 ?2 t6 g0 B7 I& W: m
s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False). [3 T3 Y( Z- [6 p1 W6 x. y' u! s
return s_inds[0] * ^# H1 p9 Y2 b% p$ q$ X7 c& d8 x& d- D
def selection(self, individuals, k):% j' N- `* d7 L* l* ?+ z( t
''' : V4 F) s# A5 [( z) F9 P2 N select two individuals from pop 9 P$ q; r( S- H# [/ ?; R ''' ! B* T9 D# O9 [3 r z. B6 O s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness # ^" a( ]% s; o9 Y- l. D
sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop ; y3 C# d; A" N; E . p# @. p" B; U) }' K' N. y% O chosen = []$ x+ B0 f) x: w, r# t& a ^/ c
for i in xrange(k):& S6 ^+ ]( u! ]) h
u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits] * @: ?) j+ W: D" p% \ sum_ = 0# U# N9 l% ^% G3 f( a9 ~2 I
for ind in s_inds:0 e! [! J- f+ h9 w
sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness8 y3 h( I) `% S Q. L; I. N
if sum_ > u: / g3 Q5 N* K& R8 |' x' n #when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop " T" z$ D# z5 E+ h$ ]) @. \ chosen.append(ind) ) X9 W1 E4 [1 L break ! X @" j" k1 f; Q) z. T$ u1 h; ^ Y
return chosen . M( O! n7 s. e ! |+ l# z( b8 ]; Y c! N7 {0 W* g7 N' q: K5 B
def crossoperate(self, offspring): # ? O% c; e6 l8 n) p" S) p8 J ''' + V8 p7 ?- t( L6 P+ Y- u cross operation }9 Q" h9 ~$ X! J3 h) c
''' 3 @) V( @# {* ]3 l7 h5 W9 v+ @ dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data)* O1 h. ^. H5 O
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geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop% X% ^; O7 O6 w3 c8 d0 W
geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop- A: Y# A! \# O1 L
8 X3 _+ p- k7 O' _ pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, - w4 j5 g+ i* u, F, j
pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim) ( y& o% k2 p% `8 A, n 3 Z( x5 D& o2 N1 O% P newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation }) Y2 g$ ?+ A+ o+ W: k0 c+ k' E
temp = [] + c8 a; g# n4 W" ~' J; T for i in range(dim):( f- P. e5 D* g% T: _% s
if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)):: \$ F6 Z; f$ `0 ]& b1 k' O- A
temp.append(geninfo2) & B* z2 k! X; p7 A, ^& f& m #the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] p4 Y7 k8 N6 z
else:$ S; v: _ R, S, d8 P
temp.append(geninfo1) 6 ]& }% ^( L/ i H #the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)]% F8 ~( I9 m% S' [; x
newoff.data = temp% W4 N/ c! R( c- L& g0 S( c3 T1 }
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return newoff% m& C, d8 a6 Z' |: M; G/ J
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def mutation(self, crossoff, bound): 1 D* h8 b# V0 @: Y5 Q+ { ''' G3 ]# B- Y( q' ^: `6 { mutation operation # n) \) C8 N3 B; e' A1 ` ''' 5 {! i) y8 M' F. v' d8 A2 S8 e# v" [! [( I! f; W8 {9 T
dim = len(crossoff.data)0 Z8 _, M# v# m5 V
8 h+ ~$ Q7 }; \% S& r F pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation. ?; B" A+ B$ x$ Y2 _& J$ h: n6 {$ d; N& u
crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos]) ' s+ O7 y1 k- e; h5 `) J& Y' A' B return crossoff0 \$ K8 \$ C4 t3 ]3 M# W' Y0 F
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def GA_main(self):4 S- S5 `) u6 ~* e) Y# A' ?5 i
'''9 I/ C5 ?* d; E- i" S6 @( b
main frame work of GA & R% f+ \+ n7 }2 W ''' & _8 p& D0 ~( S% e& ?* |, B& L. P8 J- K1 z
popsize = self.parameter[3] 5 W; v& v0 p+ `) }( | e' A1 S8 |4 U6 ^
print("Start of evolution"), I- G# I5 i8 x H1 F4 _
$ F1 c2 f7 E0 Y' V6 T" J5 L& S # Begin the evolution 7 m& t* I( i( R T! S. z& { for g in range(NGEN):( I7 b+ t! P1 k6 a7 v9 T8 a. L/ x5 ?
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print("-- Generation %i --" % g) ( o8 _0 s% B2 C; j( u! h% c( V* d! b
( ?% F# Q# M9 g1 n+ Z #Apply selection based on their converted fitness9 B' U% A& U6 I$ f! I
selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) 9 d* t7 g" |! h% t# y * S7 X1 v. s( s4 ~6 w9 Y nextoff = [] ) w3 k" b. T8 B% |: P0 z
while len(nextoff) != popsize: 6 |/ [6 \2 W9 z+ z3 F # Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring # G* ]" e1 F- Q) w( Z% d) j ) [$ u& D# z3 M2 W; Z& H # Select two individuals ( f. h A* ~- `! Y1 P offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)] & Z: {$ x: I& `' w7 @0 |" o# I5 R% T2 F6 e' v0 b/ z
if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB3 R% s& g. w8 q
crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring) 9 w& y, w: r' e& A; {$ L6 n { fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals . X9 a- D, g" O
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if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB 9 E/ }% D6 t5 T* p1 N7 x1 v muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound) % b! O4 K5 x4 s N: L! j fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals - k& D- v, t. m$ i- z) | nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff})+ j0 t: ^& v) y& J
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# The population is entirely replaced by the offspring5 H. E6 B3 Q. b! h* g' J; k
self.pop = nextoff# f5 r4 W/ z6 |/ @% K1 R* B
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# Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats' w% _5 {0 `. c1 E* z: U. \
fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop] * I9 c9 [1 i2 e% C 7 V0 ] Z4 y# V. r1 c length = len(self.pop)% I5 `, [( V! n3 o
mean = sum(fits) / length8 w( U2 w* _, G7 Z/ z
sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits)2 t' E" h9 C% S) r/ J' `8 s
std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.51 n! [' |$ u2 n `/ |
best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop) 7 A6 c* v a- E$ x3 z; P# f% d- B6 M) I- L* `! P' y' \
if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']: / n; j9 K5 L" l& g% @- ^" s! B self.bestindividual = best_ind 3 p; m; T! f/ M' g# \- r( e/ v, G$ i& \# ~, l" d
print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness'])) , A1 w8 K. \% ]5 ` print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits))$ |- Q8 W7 o7 `9 d Z
print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits)) * J1 Z" w/ F$ y; f$ M; R! S$ |& C print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean)! T2 R3 E4 g T+ q. T& V
print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std) ) U. X5 F" b) f+ g q) D$ v- t. b
print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") 9 J4 p5 |. U8 q/ ]) j. Y4 O4 b/ K: G
/ r3 \* U- `/ [- g! f* Aif __name__ == "__main__": ' d! H5 W* _5 }" U4 I ; O6 f+ d) L- f# n, Q2 a0 m$ _ CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters C9 M+ o$ F6 P" Z
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up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables & o8 O, z% j5 Z! q6 f low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables7 K; W5 c9 T Z: m
parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up]1 V2 D+ V- l# l
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run = GA(parameter) - A3 r+ ?, u$ O/ `) m! S run.GA_main()% O, S/ u" f0 ]0 }2 b" w5 W5 R# e
———————————————— - O q2 @6 o. N$ J/ o* j3 l3 H8 C版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。% w# I9 j: m9 e" k/ ]4 \( W
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/72782675$ V- `+ ]# [5 _; R1 l* {
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