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4、Python代码3 Q2 `7 d8 |2 X% b. y5 v! f2 U
#-*- coding:utf-8 -*- 4 [& F) p; N/ s1 ^" q X* ~3 K, q7 \7 H5 q( o& Nimport random0 x6 M2 H- s; R/ J8 ~# M p7 ~
import math ; S( K0 `; Z; i* Bfrom operator import itemgetter0 o5 J2 G) @# V8 V1 O
6 i8 E/ v2 y7 i* L2 b' `$ Gclass Gene: ( {- H: `/ ?( R* | X# |; ~ ''' + S: c) q6 e3 Q9 ]& [3 B0 r- E This is a class to represent individual(Gene) in GA algorithom $ _3 ?1 `4 _% q9 t" B4 X each object of this class have two attribute: data, size # q/ k9 R/ t+ G2 M ''' " T( k& t. Q5 f' }; Q {2 s' v6 O( ` def __init__(self,**data):9 a1 ^( N- T) t7 n! V7 `
self.__dict__.update(data) 4 B7 ^; a. s) \3 ~ self.size = len(data['data'])#length of gene ) N, }) y- _( \' T4 y9 [; i8 ]- J( z
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class GA: * I. f- p' x4 I2 B! Q '''2 H* j Z0 j4 L: F% t+ Q8 [
This is a class of GA algorithm. : c2 W! z' f6 V ''' 4 z5 |$ @, M0 P) Y. F def __init__(self,parameter): 9 `( T* g. B8 o& B7 [# w ''' 9 e8 }* S) X" [: | K+ n Initialize the pop of GA algorithom and evaluate the pop by computing its' fitness value . + c$ j, m0 I$ ]. N" l The data structure of pop is composed of several individuals which has the form like that: ; J" f6 H3 D& Q( g/ U) h3 X$ [9 F0 L: e0 Q, Z; V V) H
{'Gene':a object of class Gene, 'fitness': 1.02(for example)} ( m. J5 l: @9 a Q5 m/ I Representation of Gene is a list: [b s0 u0 sita0 s1 u1 sita1 s2 u2 sita2]3 K/ U( t" y Q5 k. d0 j' }
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'''1 c' v" E# A2 q/ c9 b- V3 Y
#parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up] 9 g: ^3 C ?1 x! [ self.parameter = parameter . }; H1 k5 h7 e/ N0 Z8 ]$ X - g/ |* i) b9 E- S4 u' T8 r) _ low = self.parameter[4] 0 G! i& l4 \4 T: y q. b' n up = self.parameter[5]- P$ j! F1 Q* `& a7 g
! B2 T3 r( d& G u5 B6 O self.bound = [], `9 j$ V8 Z2 s! A; Q
self.bound.append(low) - r2 ?0 u. E, P self.bound.append(up)- B9 N$ W* l- `, k/ K# D' U5 d
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pop = [] 1 f/ Y. u( v4 g6 i5 D for i in range(self.parameter[3]):! t1 [7 o4 a2 v, g
geneinfo = [] # ^+ S. c0 m# N# g: R7 f for pos in range(len(low)): q0 H# p. m( m8 ~3 [
geneinfo.append(random.uniform(self.bound[0][pos], self.bound[1][pos]))#initialise popluation 8 @! X7 s* F9 o+ N6 x: B( w2 E" a. D4 [4 C$ I# ]! @
fitness = evaluate(geneinfo)#evaluate each chromosome6 U2 I% L' q6 h. \* U& n
pop.append({'Gene':Gene(data = geneinfo), 'fitness':fitness})#store the chromosome and its fitness/ v( k- I& p, e7 R
/ v& ^1 l, X% v. ^- F. ?( Z self.pop = pop / v2 M, {' W$ L" E: a self.bestindividual = self.selectBest(self.pop)#store the best chromosome in the population & _. G% W7 W5 U! A* ~( ?% A8 j# T/ t# i% _- p" d9 p
def selectBest(self, pop):& b* [9 A+ G, c" b+ l
'''& V. Y o) _2 }
select the best individual from pop ' S7 A2 `3 f/ q: Y$ o* n ''') J( b4 b3 p3 X* ~% g3 l
s_inds = sorted(pop, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse = False) 4 h: E0 E/ _0 f% U* @ return s_inds[0] 0 k1 O) }, O) x3 P ' Z' K/ G8 G6 Q& A def selection(self, individuals, k):! _' z- T5 U h: u( U
''' 7 V, o9 S$ | n' ]; G, } select two individuals from pop ) G: R$ ~9 L% c0 H- C! l ''' ! |* n2 a" T. p; v* G+ x s_inds = sorted(individuals, key = itemgetter("fitness"), reverse=True)#sort the pop by the reference of 1/fitness + o7 j6 m g) u3 C2 P9 I sum_fits = sum(1/ind['fitness'] for ind in individuals) #sum up the 1/fitness of the whole pop ( A5 m( q3 v7 z h; X6 i ) F4 U# \, n9 `1 F: @ chosen = []. M2 d/ n$ c5 c, @& d) \
for i in xrange(k):9 m. q2 E' }9 Z! z) f( c0 H0 X+ A
u = random.random() * sum_fits#randomly produce a num in the range of [0, sum_fits]! o) e2 x* A9 w) E
sum_ = 0: _7 E( A, v9 I, p5 v) |! u: H
for ind in s_inds: . b4 {! |% j9 i$ l: e- u# r* h a sum_ += 1/ind['fitness']#sum up the 1/fitness( d( {. z: F- i( \9 B6 K
if sum_ > u:1 ?3 d8 a) t5 f0 ~0 l/ h" |
#when the sum of 1/fitness is bigger than u, choose the one, which means u is in the range of [sum(1,2,...,n-1),sum(1,2,...,n)] and is time to choose the one ,namely n-th individual in the pop 3 t M: \2 c7 F% w0 S! `% I chosen.append(ind)7 }# w6 J7 o: W
break ( b: C( M" C9 J$ t ' m( G6 F E( U- {6 I return chosen 1 R) W2 C# E: T6 t+ D6 I9 @
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def crossoperate(self, offspring): " h- h- w9 X% L) S '''% ~4 M7 m; \5 [# }0 B
cross operation }" }" @9 D/ A* r( y: y '''% d ?/ n5 G% Y( o# S' d' _
dim = len(offspring[0]['Gene'].data) 0 _+ n2 D/ x7 v, {9 w+ c6 s( I 6 e! c6 _2 z4 \0 x5 c% O- m geninfo1 = offspring[0]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of first offspring chosen from the selected pop; o( K$ H/ g0 c
geninfo2 = offspring[1]['Gene'].data#Gene's data of second offspring chosen from the selected pop$ Z* t4 |& j1 E8 Z' u" x5 k
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pos1 = random.randrange(1,dim)#select a position in the range from 0 to dim-1, 4 O/ ~2 l7 |3 Y: @/ A' J u pos2 = random.randrange(1,dim) 2 ^1 q. f9 O; M8 ]# A& ^" b# _: I5 R" }* d: Z# i
newoff = Gene(data = [])#offspring produced by cross operation $ }% \* a, ?$ u( d, _! T temp = []; s4 E( e0 E) S: M
for i in range(dim):3 j6 b" {* p* G
if (i >= min(pos1,pos2) and i <= max(pos1,pos2)):* b5 r) |3 ~& R. Q! l$ a8 w' V
temp.append(geninfo2)* D8 g$ B9 w! q: b$ T
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the second offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] A* v& j+ |& ^8 B& U, g else:3 n" n3 @9 K4 d$ a0 P$ t4 b9 y
temp.append(geninfo1)& H7 H9 a$ }% K3 K2 y6 @
#the gene data of offspring produced by cross operation is from the frist offspring in the range [min(pos1,pos2),max(pos1,pos2)] $ J; a' J0 z% Z: Y8 G: @* ~5 ~ newoff.data = temp- r# r j: s% K! T2 h( `. j! O
* r7 W( V! D) w# @! { return newoff' L# c x8 G+ s$ U' {
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def mutation(self, crossoff, bound):7 h- C2 J) |' h. l p3 c0 D/ ]
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mutation operation# N- P2 V* g& U
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dim = len(crossoff.data) 8 W; a2 ?4 i1 r+ K/ N1 N" p; v$ ~) f2 R/ B" t* @
pos = random.randrange(1,dim)#chose a position in crossoff to perform mutation.4 a! P% P1 ?" I, a& K, [3 H
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crossoff.data[pos] = random.uniform(bound[0][pos],bound[1][pos])$ \8 m4 Z6 \* ?/ S. U, h
return crossoff6 h" Y+ t& o1 Q3 s: Y) \$ q. e
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def GA_main(self):/ J/ ~4 \" a' [4 h; Z) V2 ]' m" M
'''4 c% m! g1 Q8 q/ ]! t3 {
main frame work of GA* B/ t, {8 c" C* N0 a
''' 8 J; X8 A* l+ h6 Q& {6 K" k6 E! Y. [5 ]7 n7 }
popsize = self.parameter[3]; U" P0 n$ e: Q6 W7 }3 A
, C( H$ Z2 K9 _7 E X3 z0 s print("Start of evolution") % F7 r+ }/ q6 M; v0 L% `1 v- y
# Begin the evolution# `- u3 t5 U* P+ E5 N& e9 j' h
for g in range(NGEN): " }3 P9 x1 V8 `0 | 6 Y9 o/ ~$ I4 ?! S( P B( U9 r print("-- Generation %i --" % g) 2 s$ p# M. N2 y0 j0 t$ n
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#Apply selection based on their converted fitness' `/ p2 ] r3 v1 v3 Z
selectpop = self.selection(self.pop, popsize) ( S1 j6 G! l2 a# m7 _9 f
. m/ c. U8 O0 l) D. L nextoff = [] / x7 g- F2 u7 t; n5 ~6 r
while len(nextoff) != popsize: ( }8 U! k& c' s; S ] # Apply crossover and mutation on the offspring - f h9 Z0 a6 `5 z2 W+ |; I6 o9 \. R) j( `' M* j* M y) u7 h; G
# Select two individuals * X4 |- {2 m. f' o5 E4 Z offspring = [random.choice(selectpop) for i in xrange(2)]/ Z5 s0 q% z5 B. N4 }
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if random.random() < CXPB: # cross two individuals with probability CXPB4 n( ~' `% \ \* O5 Q' K- u" Q
crossoff = self.crossoperate(offspring) # N, r$ [' \( o& B, c& W/ W2 `, f! { fit_crossoff = evaluate(self.xydata, crossoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals 3 I$ w1 M4 Q2 S. ^, x. w% g) p+ n
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if random.random() < MUTPB: # mutate an individual with probability MUTPB, @' f9 h4 G+ E# E5 s
muteoff = self.mutation(crossoff,self.bound)3 G0 v! ?/ c8 p+ Y
fit_muteoff = evaluate(self.xydata, muteoff.data)# Evaluate the individuals6 T+ J; y9 J1 F8 h
nextoff.append({'Gene':muteoff,'fitness':fit_muteoff}) * t, o- T) T7 E. R, M2 f- }0 g" p% K2 v" d- ]! g4 r
# The population is entirely replaced by the offspring0 O% X2 J& [$ A
self.pop = nextoff/ z' k) |3 C2 M7 T$ H& j) ~" f% b+ n# W
6 ]+ i% P6 ?( q/ i0 w # Gather all the fitnesses in one list and print the stats 5 G5 w# P/ ` F4 U4 ^% \% b8 u fits = [ind['fitness'] for ind in self.pop]2 C1 I% P& V. }/ C+ J
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length = len(self.pop)& l' _( M! y) s
mean = sum(fits) / length 4 M6 b7 e. O6 _/ a. S sum2 = sum(x*x for x in fits)" a- g4 b T6 |; q
std = abs(sum2 / length - mean**2)**0.5 1 G, y6 ?9 }% \; n& l' |" f best_ind = self.selectBest(self.pop), Y H" g$ [ m6 B9 R
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if best_ind['fitness'] < self.bestindividual['fitness']: 2 n# Z4 Y u* G& i6 H) h* {$ F self.bestindividual = best_ind/ ]4 |, x v7 G! R0 S
. x, ^# a, K- W5 y2 ] print("Best individual found is %s, %s" % (self.bestindividual['Gene'].data,self.bestindividual['fitness'])). |5 U) I* W3 k$ m* [% E" D+ |
print(" Min fitness of current pop: %s" % min(fits)) - X& N% ~* P6 n! B" C+ |+ i6 I/ n, ` print(" Max fitness of current pop: %s" % max(fits))+ O7 K5 A7 k3 K
print(" Avg fitness of current pop: %s" % mean)9 R, p" w* i J- p. z" }. E
print(" Std of currrent pop: %s" % std)3 j1 v2 v3 m+ V& J9 H4 x% r
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print("-- End of (successful) evolution --") , I4 M' p+ Z2 d: }3 T" A. C
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if __name__ == "__main__":. w- Q& C D1 [ U7 O! X
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CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize = 0.8, 0.3, 50, 100#control parameters" Q' J( F1 S4 \& x2 J
" r. a/ ? G9 j; B& g up = [64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64, 64]#upper range for variables `/ O; E L% x" @+ I low = [-64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64, -64]#lower range for variables" } c6 D) H0 B4 t9 V9 d
parameter = [CXPB, MUTPB, NGEN, popsize, low, up] 9 [- [* n* C+ S/ A+ Y5 t f ?% O/ c; S8 X
run = GA(parameter) - c2 \& M4 p% Z1 A run.GA_main() ' w# w9 q# T$ h) Z* T———————————————— " P7 J; T$ l& [$ S6 ~版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「bible_reader」的原创文章,遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议,转载请附上原文出处链接及本声明。3 H0 f1 \3 S( v2 P& C
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/bible_reader/article/details/72782675 & K. p. A7 | q5 L9 C" C1 B& h& o1 @- L
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