Symmetry Operation 4 c. y% N& i4 \" _# e! W' ]Symmetry operations include the Improper Rotation, Inversion Operation, Mirror Plane, and Rotation. Together, these operations create 32 crystal classes corresponding to the 32 Point Groups. - k- z, w6 X# o& W/ ^# d, k* v) @& MThe Inversion Operation takes $ }% |3 _3 G0 B) V
(x,y,z)=>(-x,-y,-z) ! r8 e# m5 m, E and is denoted i. When used in conjunction with a Rotation, it becomes an Improper Rotation. An Improper Rotation by 360/n . For periodic crystals, the Crystallography Restriction allows only the Improper Rotations 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6. - Y, R! U6 ^' ^$ WThe Mirror Plane symmetry operation takes ! K' o$ Y' j7 A% L
(x,y,z)=>(x,y,-z)=>(x,-y,z)" U1 w4 r7 ~" }; W$ u
etc., which is equivalent to 2.