QQ登录

只需要一步,快速开始

 注册地址  找回密码
查看: 4800|回复: 1
打印 上一主题 下一主题

[分享]SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换

[复制链接]
字体大小: 正常 放大

2

主题

0

听众

19

积分

升级  14.74%

该用户从未签到

新人进步奖

跳转到指定楼层
1#
发表于 2005-8-8 14:22 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览
|招呼Ta 关注Ta
< >熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>: d9 l# b$ E$ R. Y2 A9 x! h& R
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
6 S8 W1 p9 J2 u9 s7 C# \< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>; k2 e5 ~& ]: i( D
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>8 ^6 U* [8 B) {# X* \( j* {
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P>) ]& S# `8 w' Z7 \* Z
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
4 u+ e! J2 ^3 |* S( n< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P>
( V: a# d% M/ e8 B< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
) U& }$ v$ M4 @$ I8 L% x& v< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P>; }, j3 o9 }, b. o: ?  y
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 X0 g. I  g  o5 T& i7 w2 F
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P>2 r/ ~# l3 s, @$ s  _
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
. s, R& x" J' s! x9 c8 D< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P>4 G1 Z* D! X$ [! u: p
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
2 h; e7 n" y% D( r& I< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>+ R; u/ Z3 L: }' X' F4 j9 D, q
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 B# @0 z6 u6 l% ?2 b
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P>4 \  z$ o* L+ N+ x" N# D
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>; c  n" b- ^* c0 x& R9 c
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P>
0 n- ?0 `% b) c7 D" K5 c! H< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
$ U/ s/ M, Y; e< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P>
3 N$ Y3 J, K$ Z% L" v( @; N/ y< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
' w! I" _" z9 L) ]< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>0 Z3 ?* z4 U7 l* j1 r( J: H- K
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
! {& o$ I! f/ N" z. b, }4 w0 l< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>! B/ `2 `7 @! a3 t# L+ S$ A) C
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>) N5 v, ]/ i9 Y2 y
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>+ {6 Y6 y1 _  S# r
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
! ~/ y3 Y1 i- H$ [! ]* [<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>
! v( A& M$ e3 Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
6 J, I  Q! P2 M6 l" E  O: z* O<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>6 V/ \6 Z9 n5 t
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>/ M. l9 {8 a+ v& M9 O% i( F
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P>
8 |9 C' i( w: A* Z1 A<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>* \* o: w! d, I" w, m
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P>
* |, p" A8 w! g$ {<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>- A. i: @- ?+ m8 j1 b4 ^
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>
6 Q) z4 U3 \4 j<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>8 ^3 e" _, k8 e. [& h2 R1 J
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P>
- }2 R% i3 ~+ T% V+ g9 x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
3 ]$ F+ x7 l- O# _9 F5 J" L# u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>
# m0 I+ \5 \5 Y+ l: H<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
$ `/ N( D9 ?) Z<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>0 I2 O5 X0 Z& x! a* Z
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>( D- n+ A( d  x! E
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>
, O) m, |& H9 y8 c- X7 D' Z6 Z<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
9 v1 {0 |' e; ?: T. ~<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>
5 _, N# d8 T0 s7 \3 b) J<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
: z' q5 a2 M% v5 `  x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>
- W. w# d  V# w+ t8 O+ [<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>3 I0 l3 H. ^+ _- S& P/ J
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>
2 K+ ]% I: H" i* p" n<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>% X% ?) e& q$ K1 }8 |6 D
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P>
0 |6 `2 h, v- S) ~$ k<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
' F* _. ]! b& L8 |2 V<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
: q# v: I- B% F/ B& K6 v0 f<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
7 X6 H! @; k/ b- C, B<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>
7 j1 {1 \+ i1 j5 d7 g; R% ]<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>% p* s+ `# k; y6 }
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P>0 T3 B  a" z* p$ e) P) ^0 k
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
7 \9 {  W8 T- g- a; I2 d<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>
5 o& n7 @# u% Q  m0 ]2 K5 J+ G<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>) k+ v2 y$ D9 j  c6 k
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P>
# H8 a4 O, j* x$ k<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
# Y9 M* ~* v* {5 s<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
/ x+ u8 Z6 t, k! q( X# h<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>" L5 s+ z: u/ ?* m& T
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>
* r+ i0 J; I' t/ Y& [9 ~<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
/ |9 H0 R  N% _- v- V$ h, \<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!</P>
zan
转播转播0 分享淘帖0 分享分享0 收藏收藏0 支持支持0 反对反对0 微信微信
lzh0601        

2

主题

3

听众

89

积分

升级  88.42%

该用户从未签到

回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 注册地址

qq
收缩
  • 电话咨询

  • 04714969085
fastpost

关于我们| 联系我们| 诚征英才| 对外合作| 产品服务| QQ

手机版|Archiver| |繁體中文 手机客户端  

蒙公网安备 15010502000194号

Powered by Discuz! X2.5   © 2001-2013 数学建模网-数学中国 ( 蒙ICP备14002410号-3 蒙BBS备-0002号 )     论坛法律顾问:王兆丰

GMT+8, 2025-9-17 14:51 , Processed in 0.541250 second(s), 62 queries .

回顶部