< >熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> ! L4 z, g4 F1 q< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> " _! n' P+ A6 R0 K< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>% H! P o& j, Y6 T
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> : ?+ ?" E4 u! U" E< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P> 7 i, ]# G* X* a5 s' {< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>( z5 v" M, S# S! m) ]
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P> 2 v) W0 q4 S! Z# d# X2 C6 q5 f% I1 E< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>3 Z1 g! [; [+ T( u1 q
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P>9 n6 I; G# j2 G- \9 E; w
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 6 _& P7 j" r4 P' N" [5 f8 e) n< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P> 6 o3 Q3 z7 t, r6 N' t< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 2 C; o: @+ L- d+ Y* t" l< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P>' O& [+ ~$ s) i+ b$ r+ K/ }" {
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>7 U, \2 k7 A& a
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>2 h; x! t9 a* H1 Y# \/ O7 F- S
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>: p7 f! ?. o0 w& P; I4 P
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P>* b8 I- o6 g# C M2 k# Q7 _
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>- _( r* P" H1 S# H+ l( J+ v
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P> , a* \' D- I) `2 o2 j- @. {) `< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> - G0 _0 Z$ S8 V9 `, o( s< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P># n. U5 W1 U2 O; Z
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 9 T8 p b! t% c2 Q* b/ v! I< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>; k# }' @" _" Z
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 c0 V0 r2 G: v( A! R
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P> ; H* `) ~2 X% I& o- Q ]6 Z% f< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 2 o1 _1 d' C+ M2 f$ M) w. F< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> - W/ t; Q+ y' _" I< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 h, @# C1 F4 O5 B$ F- `$ u- B
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>8 O+ w+ P# q5 N
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<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>7 ] x! e: H4 _% \
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> + U6 y, {5 V/ i% C6 A$ u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P># h' {4 [+ i# z4 D) `
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ) K% P) M0 d' A$ k7 R1 D0 |, ^<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P> / Y6 x# Y- p5 L+ E<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 5 _. _$ _3 A1 r" @<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>$ h+ f4 R! P- H+ ]
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> " k& w; Z( b% D, m/ a<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P> / S' e6 ^( h- \8 V+ \" X7 t# o<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 T1 @* e# W3 U2 K( l) O
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P> ; d# k: L) ]. b3 g7 ~- u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> , ~9 r! D+ g8 X, c. v<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>3 {- ?* I7 j; T2 d' ?# l+ z/ X
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 p' T% v( [8 F- P
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>' i, w4 U; N( U% ~/ D" R, `) B# K
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>1 y7 J# ], z/ |' z* q
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>4 n9 T% G2 @! {# p$ F9 Q, t
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>+ n7 A' s; d/ Q- p& @/ R7 X
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>9 s% l6 ^* f: f% x
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ) H+ \; C+ Q9 r# g2 r<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P> 3 L# ~) w& w+ j% u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 4 ]% _2 e2 x/ G3 F( }<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P> & n$ X# D$ D) t! z- b2 `* t* j<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 8 F. G" y( ]6 n3 Q \! S0 U' J2 k<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> # T( y6 t1 n, _<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>) c' q; g& G. i' g* {5 R: o
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>3 ]! g) G9 R+ e) W( D8 L
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>, H2 V) g8 q/ Z8 d, R
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P> _7 A4 R4 V8 s+ h3 j9 Z& m
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>% a5 }( T+ @. M; _4 }
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>: p* H- g" G: a+ D9 W2 V- _
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 F+ y2 L) `6 B4 Q5 b. E, l e
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P> a2 ^& P) }5 a( x' s6 h5 O& |$ t
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 3 Y8 g u) ?2 k<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>+ y6 h1 B' u( m; g H3 r7 U/ D
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 Z: h# _0 T) W$ O' P& X
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>! p% q: x% Q/ w# k. l8 @+ Z5 Z' V0 @
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> / z# }0 I- k9 H+ F<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!</P>