QQ登录

只需要一步,快速开始

 注册地址  找回密码
查看: 5111|回复: 1
打印 上一主题 下一主题

[分享]SQL SERVER、ACCESS和EXCEL电子表格软件中的数据进行转换

[复制链接]
字体大小: 正常 放大

2

主题

0

听众

19

积分

升级  14.74%

该用户从未签到

新人进步奖

跳转到指定楼层
1#
发表于 2005-8-8 14:22 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览
|招呼Ta 关注Ta
< >熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>
+ a9 {$ S9 ~+ y2 X) p< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
, H; d9 F1 \) [< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>& L' r# c- J* ~5 o* W
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
( ~3 ?9 _! a& |/ U& M8 a< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P>; H$ t+ d6 V/ `- ^- }
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>5 M6 g) [7 K! B9 p: `; p
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P>. E5 d9 q, S4 C$ b
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
, F4 R" w5 y5 ^4 w, P< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P>1 `/ x# x8 U: {3 R# [1 O5 z
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
1 p  H, H, j+ `< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P>
% b: P" s' j% b$ Y, b< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 ~! B/ V/ I. D; F  k7 C6 H8 {
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P>
0 `/ ?) l1 _* P< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
* S6 K( z4 @8 T( L5 X' T+ R< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>+ g) F; p  H5 x" j0 @7 F
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 u8 T! e. J+ [2 V5 P3 {* `5 L
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P>
% N  [2 Q( A* Q4 h4 l< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
( {& }& t/ e( q# t< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P>
" R0 }. I0 i9 e  Z! Y' Y: D( |1 n< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>. T! b. x: q9 a* m, U7 N
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P>% c. ]+ h1 e6 l
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P># H* x# ]9 C5 b2 m
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>3 J$ t0 J4 _+ K6 ]" s2 l
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
9 x* _. @, e# ^2 G# h: T" G6 k< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>
6 M5 U4 O' z$ k* \! s< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
' t# L  x; w: n< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>; C5 b! c6 ?  D; `( f, Y
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
2 B& K1 Q6 n6 V# U5 m4 x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>
$ j" U  e: N. G) J<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
5 ^1 g( q2 h2 j( s6 y, @: U3 B<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>- O1 y2 ]. B4 L& y2 j
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>( n, l- C8 ^* n; r% C+ [
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P>2 R' C* W7 r7 d2 H0 |, H1 H$ H: ~
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>, X, G# I, N* `6 f, f+ N
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P>( t% d6 i& c" J9 Q0 r/ H
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
4 W! Z0 @  S) J8 Y+ w<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>
6 z" ~6 t  @5 i/ p  e$ K2 }<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>& z7 J- q: ~) V# G
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P>
7 X* V9 E3 W* v( w5 ]/ W3 |" Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
( r1 ?$ X( ^/ B- [<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>
6 F5 h6 r* A. V4 k# D9 X<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 X; S0 `1 \  O# B$ J4 B& h" o
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>
# m! m8 s9 r: B$ ]<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
5 z. [* a! l: S5 l: l, Y<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>
( @/ c8 x2 J. A9 w& ?<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
6 W5 R& w# u( v, q4 b2 D<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>
. L4 A8 @5 Q6 {0 L( x, v5 l<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>9 f9 Y* n( A/ j6 p' j6 X9 v
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P>
" Y: U: k$ V, g9 e8 D4 U; B: ~- Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
6 ]9 R& R4 p/ g<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>' t# G8 }! _, E1 h5 S
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
: ~9 ?& ?5 N" B  b; P. A4 U/ _<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P>
" D) x, H: D- i8 P0 F<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>. _, R( ]/ d% O% L* \
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>  B% W4 o0 T9 v- v
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>) d5 Z+ u& k) y2 F1 o' X
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P>
6 Y7 K& z5 n! _7 \<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P># t* Q; f' V* T# R. I
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P>6 |' }1 k( S2 L! v7 O# j9 F
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
# J6 F; j  I, d<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>
, X# b& L; H( s2 x<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>4 P3 W$ {/ V$ G& N
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P>
% p* T6 p! t% E; \<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
7 ^; c/ c; d; ^" d  q! M  q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P>. `2 B/ L5 c- E: G' }* Y8 ^1 V
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>8 H- h+ B: i  Z% e
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>: M0 x9 ^# p. ^2 R. L) P
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>
: j0 ?) T; P. S+ m# p; V<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">    </FONT>总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!</P>
zan
转播转播0 分享淘帖0 分享分享0 收藏收藏0 支持支持0 反对反对0 微信微信
lzh0601        

2

主题

3

听众

89

积分

升级  88.42%

该用户从未签到

回复

使用道具 举报

您需要登录后才可以回帖 登录 | 注册地址

qq
收缩
  • 电话咨询

  • 04714969085
fastpost

关于我们| 联系我们| 诚征英才| 对外合作| 产品服务| QQ

手机版|Archiver| |繁體中文 手机客户端  

蒙公网安备 15010502000194号

Powered by Discuz! X2.5   © 2001-2013 数学建模网-数学中国 ( 蒙ICP备14002410号-3 蒙BBS备-0002号 )     论坛法律顾问:王兆丰

GMT+8, 2026-8-5 06:51 , Processed in 0.742880 second(s), 63 queries .

回顶部