数值计算,例如微积分、微分方程求解等存在大量的函数调用,故高效的函数调用对数值计算软件来讲是至关重要的。# f9 t; l& q8 T, B: [4 G
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Matlab 2009a的测试代码:
f=@(x,y,z,t)x+y+z; ; S/ s- d) c; l& s/ @. [3 ?5 ^
tic; : J- y! R6 j# f, i% D* R$ ^( e6 T
s=0; & ^3 L3 x% ]) f
for x=0:1000 $ T5 ?, M8 r( Q
for y=0:100 % l+ E0 S, r( T% M* S. s
for z=0:100 2 O7 n, h/ c: k
s=s+f(x,y,z);\" u3 Z' S+ @7 \! ^1 l% M o
end ' J6 Q/ ~+ j: G$ b3 R/ a\" S6 [( }
end( j A6 W: k. _! J/ p
end: U# w2 u/ s; W: t$ d2 f
s2 b\" b' i8 T4 E' J$ k
toc5 }% |, [7 F- O8 E
% e) z2 V$ I& G' ^6 i9 Z0 P
s =( X6 D\" u6 R( l0 k
6.126720600000000e+009 ) c7 `5 y6 u- F5 ^! |
$ f! h1 f+ X/ d1 t
Elapsed time is 9.546717 seconds.
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发现将函数写成m文件后效率会提高,如下例: 5 q9 p5 n6 o; x' qm函数:
%file xyz.m9 k, v+ n; ]% H% O
function c=xyz(x,y,z)+ u) t\" U# W; E5 |* }% V
c=x+y+z; & E# j G\" E; J$ ]; J4 H2 `* m) S P
end
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测试代码:
tic; {2 A7 e5 a8 ]3 @* v! |
s=0;\" h8 ?7 Z4 B/ l1 N6 m' {1 N
for x=0:1000 & r8 X3 q0 ~3 G9 s
for y=0:100 0 h: ]) K\" ~8 C8 S4 C& R, x
for z=0:100 + l) N' ?+ p7 M\" ~0 H
s=s+xyz(x,y,z);( w, o( }& P% [4 o
end # z$ [9 k8 o0 w+ U
end / o$ N7 V' b8 ^1 X) ?
end \" H1 _( h2 n$ A' X. |8 m+ w5 A
s ( L$ w* ?2 @, ^1 `# H6 `* G3 n( T2 ^
toc $ I$ c' j) f' t9 l$ c- a
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s = - m: V$ F- k* L/ e+ s
6.126720600000000e+009( a8 ~+ {( i3 M% v2 M0 I
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Elapsed time is 4.724592 seconds.
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Forcal 9(OpenFC演示)代码: