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[其他资源] 对太阳辐射的拦截叶形状的影响 The effect of leaf shape on the interception of sol

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    发表于 2014-12-8 17:09 |只看该作者 |倒序浏览
    |招呼Ta 关注Ta
    The effect of leaf shape on the interception of solar radiation
    : Q9 f4 t5 k1 Y/ D6 \9 ]2 W8 ~C.B.S. Teh*
    : {0 |, m. X6 J4 b. q& t* r( @Department of Land Management, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor,* I4 x) z, C3 S. u( _% T! h# K
    Malaysia, g) e1 C+ R) B0 w  v8 V
    5 Abstract
    ; E, M! M7 ~$ z8 pOne of the properties of canopy architecture is leaf shape, and its effect on solar radiation
    + y+ N8 R4 D0 |/ o4 w* V- U6 dinterception by a plant is little understood and studied. Consequently, this study was to evaluate2 B" |3 b% O6 w8 t1 g, H" X
    the effect of six leaf shapes on both direct and diffuse solar radiation interception using a: H! W) o- K  N: i0 ^! L- u3 z
    detailed 3-D solar radiation model. Six hypothetical plant prototypes were computer-generated
    1 G2 `* L0 k& w2 F1 i- e10 so that each prototype was equal to each other in all aspects; only the leaf shape for each
    9 H- b4 Y3 f7 a) X/ U; Q8 _' Jprototype was varied. The leaf shapes selected were round (RD), square (SQ), triangle (TR),
    / \3 e* h1 h2 F/ [5 N2 B8 R  tinverted triangle (ITR), ellipse (EL) and lobe (LB). Computer simulations revealed that leaf
    ' ~/ x3 l0 ?& e! Vshape did have an effect on direct and diffuse solar radiation interception. However, its effect
    / E5 L0 O& z4 lwas to a rather small extent of not more than 11% increase in solar radiation interception. The6 M* l" v0 @! l9 q, g$ y
    15 mean hourly interception of solar radiation by the prototypes decreased in the following
    ! P- X! _/ `: J3 i% jmanner: (ITR ≈ EL) > (RD ≈ SQ ≈ TR ≈ LB). Although leaf lobbing is often hypothesised to
    " _0 c! F" Z3 A  k; k; U# Dproduce deeper sunflecks within the canopy, this study however revealed that leaf lobbing per4 e1 e- J& c' N8 s+ H
    se had no effect on solar radiation interception. All properties being equal, solar radiation) |6 n* j% [* ^, V! A% ^
    interception could be increased by having leaf shapes that are: 1) long and narrow, 2) broader at
    0 o( L* ~# O- M9 p; ^20 the apex than at the basal, and 3) supported by leaf petioles. These three conditions increase
    0 Z! k" S, n  nsolar radiation interception by causing the canopy to be spread out more uniformly in the aerial
    " k6 \5 G8 Z( L) R# [' Rspace; this, in turn, means less leaf clustering and self-shading. However, the effect of leaf7 Z9 D' H) i6 f% @$ T$ w/ T
    shape on solar radiation interception decreases for near or full canopy cover because at this
    3 M5 F! n: W5 F; l1 U9 x" astage, the canopy is already intercepting solar radiation at near maximum capacity. Leaf shape+ n9 b6 M( X! I; g2 m/ F
    25 also did not affect the diurnal variation of direct and diffuse solar radiation interception. This& |! B! v( R% ~( t9 x+ W! X' n! f
    study may help to better select crop varieties having the “proper leaf form” for optimum plant
    & F3 }4 H  G! ]production, as well as to better understand plant adaptation mechanisms in response to7 N: Q. Y3 x, D: y6 ]: N$ u4 g6 d
    environmental stresses.
    & [6 L2 B  W" g% Q7 }3 b  zKeywords: leaf shape; solar radiation; Beer’s law; canopy architecture
    * i  T: w* e9 m/ x& r" ~8 n2 s& X) |0 U5 R/ k5 s8 s2 l# r  R

    ) f. I- L7 G8 n: J: s+ S& [* V& D: e- m
    leafshape.pdf (409.86 KB, 下载次数: 2) 9 k" i0 m+ j# }0 A* P, E
    / N) Z5 X7 @2 z
    % m$ m# O, Q/ Z: W& c; S% I2 ^

    ) E% \, J& O* A- ]( ]: j# L
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