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    function ACO(inputfile)
    ) `1 A2 X0 L2 m* q- I%% Example: ACO('ulysses22.tsp')0 B4 f: ?5 V0 e# U# k, }
    disp('AS is reading input nodes file...');
    ( Q+ o  ~. o) Z5 Q/ @[Dimension,NodeCoord,NodeWeight,Name]=FileInput(inputfile);
    9 J7 I3 M$ ^: pdisp([num2str(Dimension),' nodes in',Name,' has been read in']);6 `  D" M8 k, m4 s
    disp(['AS start at ',datestr(now)]);! d0 D$ h$ P- y; O% K4 K  \( R& Z
    %%%%%%%%%%%%% the key parameters of Ant System %%%%%%%%%" {6 b; ~9 o4 |$ x* i2 g" \
    MaxITime=1e3;- z, q: U6 J0 Q& w9 b- i1 T3 O
    AntNum=Dimension;
    ( E( A3 B& b/ r! D, H" |alpha=1;* s/ `" u3 u7 B) c- E3 w$ g
    beta=5;
    : }$ [8 U* y- x  G! orho=0.65;' k9 U. `/ V8 R9 M* Y1 r
    %%%%%%%%%%%%% the key parameters of Ant System %%%%%%%%%# R( R" Y( `. x
    fprintf('Showing Iterative Best Solution:\n');' Z5 q- J$ I% K
    [GBTour,GBLength,Option,IBRecord] = ...
    1 W& k) G6 V& T' |$ H! UAS(NodeCoord,NodeWeight,AntNum,MaxITime,alpha,beta,rho);    ! b& q9 t- q" c
    disp(['AS stop at ',datestr(now)]);/ i4 u( o" @: R4 i
    disp('Drawing the iterative course''s curve');% R* T0 {( t! g/ z, i4 q$ p
    figure(1);) t# M: w( Z8 q6 J5 i4 D
    subplot(2,1,1)' q, O, ~9 d- W6 j4 C2 o5 n
    plot(1:length(IBRecord(1,),IBRecord(1,);
    7 Z: I2 ]# D! I, G  \% gxlabel('Iterative Time');0 Z- X9 t( p. x8 ]* c
    ylabel('Iterative Best Cost');
      j* {) N! `1 D8 ktitle(['Iterative Course: ','GMinL=',num2str(GBLength),', FRIT=',num2str(Option.OptITime)]);6 W/ ]! Z. r! H& d
    subplot(2,1,2)  {; T) u$ h0 @$ i6 h; _  g
    plot(1:length(IBRecord(2,),IBRecord(2,);
    ( I6 t1 E1 c% c$ M# e3 sxlabel('Iterative Time');
    # E3 m1 [+ `. [" x* ^9 |* oylabel('Average Node Branching');
    3 p* Y4 W. Y' g$ k5 M) ?) }6 _figure(2);
    . t5 }# t6 s7 [: jDrawCity(NodeCoord,GBTour);
    9 N) _* v3 S6 Z7 `5 L5 G3 X) X: jtitle([num2str(Dimension),' Nodes Tour Path of ',Name]);
    * M* G$ S4 D: g9 R0 s  o' D- m9 @" `. i* i1 \" \* {
    function [Dimension,NodeCoord,NodeWeight,Name]=FileInput(infile)
    6 o; F3 }3 p0 F) |% u- I. o- [if ischar(infile), B, I! V& s- s% H: v
        fid=fopen(infile,'r');
    7 ^8 @; Z2 o2 Q; y; |  n6 S* i. f& @- ^else
    1 o: S; a9 R5 m- z' s! h7 E% T0 D    disp('input file no exist');& O- m0 o+ ~& ^* v3 L
        return;
    " ?; a8 O1 g9 P* {: R( Yend
    , J$ \% i, w* L. t" X/ e, pif fid<07 Q1 W# l  h& B4 B8 A! B
        disp('error while open file');
    ! u: [" B' B* o0 G7 @4 N) ]    return;( y. |4 }  K) B, n2 [! y7 S5 [: t* ~
    end7 p7 F9 {6 ?2 M! o  ~' w" t
    NodeWeight = [];3 U# t0 U8 A& N: S! o
    while feof(fid)==0
    9 T7 S8 g7 e+ R/ b1 U/ k) f& |/ L    temps=fgetl(fid);# g  M+ y0 h3 ]- U% Z/ k
        if strcmp(temps,'')
    7 T2 p; m+ k7 K. U( S  x        continue;0 O. I- @8 A# H5 ]# N# _
        elseif strncmpi('NAME',temps,4)" a" N2 H# R! W2 }2 `
            k=findstr(temps,':');7 X& |7 m: e# \; [1 O8 J
            Name=temps(k+1:length(temps));
    * W7 A- ^- |1 [$ C    elseif strncmpi('DIMENSION',temps,9)4 Q& g! a$ v/ ?$ j# W: B
            k=findstr(temps,':');) e6 `: E; N2 y5 N3 ^
            d=temps(k+1:length(temps));2 d! d8 R5 x6 a
            Dimension=str2double(d); %str2num
    * t8 b  ~" d( U0 ~# m1 k" j, \    elseif strncmpi('EDGE_WEIGHT_SECTION',temps,19)
    # f6 |  J. W4 V: q        formatstr = [];  W9 q/ I4 }' i2 b' W
            for i=1imension. Y5 r: f: ]: M" c7 i* Z
                formatstr = [formatstr,'%g '];
    , L* S; w1 C& L; T# z        end4 L7 {% ?3 _9 ^% O. |0 E- F& H
            NodeWeight=fscanf(fid,formatstr,[Dimension,Dimension]);
    & S3 n: t4 w  ]$ z        NodeWeight=NodeWeight';% B+ \: D: t/ f9 u& ]7 f) g
        elseif strncmpi('NODE_COORD_SECTION',temps,18) || strncmpi('DISPLAY_DATA_SECTION',temps,20)
    . ^5 L8 d2 e- B/ {! a( G+ u# s1 U        NodeCoord=fscanf(fid,'%g %g %g',[3 Dimension]);. u  U$ x4 j' I; w# p4 d
            NodeCoord=NodeCoord';) e( I' c) p, Z% p: F, @6 Z9 N1 Y- `
        end
    - m! r. @- u1 jend
    8 _! B+ d8 e  M0 y9 Lfclose(fid);
    # O$ n& Z. Q( L5 L3 W- p0 c
    / u- G/ R( J& i- C+ ]/ ffunction plothandle=DrawCity(CityList,Tours)) R& o2 n! T3 }' z5 W; T5 q8 i; u  t
    xd=[];yd=[];
    - L( ^$ m2 M- g0 \nc=length(Tours);, c; v* v9 g& M- |8 D8 d4 C- Q! w: B
    plothandle=plot(CityList(:,2:3),'.');
    8 M. S. T; r. p+ k* W, Lset(plothandle,'MarkerSize',16);
    $ d5 h% i* R3 A4 e! ?for i=1:nc5 L0 t9 O/ m3 ]! e
        xd(i)=CityList(Tours(i),2);6 ~$ S$ ^0 h. d* ^$ N
        yd(i)=CityList(Tours(i),3);
    $ c, k" W2 M( [  Uend6 T0 j7 i+ S+ R  k/ Z! T" T- ^
    set(plothandle,'XData',xd,'YData',yd);
    1 f+ ~" R$ c/ K8 D0 L  x4 pline(xd,yd);; w& u) E0 O0 G- p" _. C3 t
    9 h# d# ~% `- W' A3 c2 j
    function [GBTour,GBLength,Option,IBRecord]=AS(CityMatrix,WeightMatrix,AntNum,MaxITime,alpha,beta,rho)
    9 h. J  t  t% \4 S8 W. O%% (Ant System) date:070427
    / l& Y+ ^0 s$ G% X' ^; F%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
    ; C: R0 l- j- p* S, o! V7 s, Q: x% Reference:
    9 O, G2 v, v4 A% Dorigo M, Maniezzo Vittorio, Colorni Alberto.
    - g" x4 ~, j9 K% A! z9 r%   The Ant System: Optimization by a colony of cooperating agents [J]. ' C2 a9 B3 V4 K' ]( r
    %   IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics--Part B,1996, 26(1)
    + f, v1 ^" Q& k' P! A5 K! h4 s* S2 S%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%# M# j/ ]0 ^2 E* c6 {
    global ASOption Problem AntSystem
    7 ?5 X4 ]4 u- k; W0 B: i% r* cASOption = InitParameter(CityMatrix,AntNum,alpha,beta,rho,MaxITime);
    ( h7 X& `" j) K* j# ]' M* PProblem = InitProblem(CityMatrix,WeightMatrix);
    2 t9 e) C& D1 k; N2 M6 @AntSystem = InitAntSystem();+ |2 z$ Q+ m0 k; q* M
    ITime = 0;; i6 D9 D: f5 D% C
    IBRecord = [];
    2 J! Z1 y$ Z/ v% e) jif ASOption.DispInterval ~= 0, R$ M6 t9 z: @, [' \: L6 {5 V1 a: b
        close all
    ' Z; G1 }: [  W7 T+ T& `' E    set(gcf,'Doublebuffer','on');6 Q9 L; @& n0 c. }: v
        hline=plot(1,1,'-o');
    7 R1 u" e) R1 b9 l$ y8 C# hend  U7 r( ?; S( Q( Z
    while 1
    2 p& k% @# ^) d# l2 Y) z) x    InitStartPoint();
    + |1 M& [( x# J+ Z% Q+ M- u    for step = 2:ASOption.n
    % [' D* X7 f8 P" K5 N) h  ]9 D2 E6 f        for ant = 1:ASOption.m
    1 \% g% D7 @, v5 `7 h  _            P = CaculateShiftProb(step,ant);- @4 z7 h, \# r3 m! d3 M# x
                nextnode = Roulette(P,1);: h% f# F4 d- A8 T* H; z8 Z
                RefreshTabu(step,ant,nextnode);7 x' U/ s2 [$ I" n% |, h
            end: u( `/ A& J& F
        end
      D; G4 {% E- L8 N' G& x) D/ g    CloseTours();) `5 o6 P9 b. K$ l; ~+ l
        ITime = ITime + 1;
    4 _* b+ g  }4 q5 F, `6 Y    CaculateToursLength();
    4 a  u% W4 q+ L! o    GlobleRefreshPheromone();$ L* l5 V, Z3 }; z$ J& M& N- H4 E  A* n
        ANB = CaculateANB();
    + ~2 j0 f9 X7 g/ Z4 \- g& s    [GBTour,GBLength,IBRecord(:,ITime)] = GetResults(ITime,ANB);
    , l" s+ L3 U' P& ?6 `    ShowIterativeCourse(GBTour,ITime,hline);6 @. }; N0 ~4 a  _
    %     ShowIterativeCourse(IBRecord(3:end,ITime),ITime,hline);( s# W9 ^& }3 X* b
        if Terminate(ITime,ANB)9 q) X) n0 Y5 L
            break;- n+ q1 h9 W* M0 L4 l
        end2 y; U0 U- ]2 K) D  o% g, X$ \
    end
    9 |; @1 D- e: I$ eOption = ASOption;
    4 x2 V9 H3 i7 V- ]* I& P4 b%% --------------------------------------------------------------, E6 A0 u7 c3 o! Z# }& U9 R; L
    function ASOption = InitParameter(Nodes,AntNum,alpha,beta,rho,MaxITime)
    - s+ z: O9 ^: X1 ~1 J3 d( [ASOption.n = length(Nodes(:,1));
    / z" N' K9 t* F% VASOption.m = AntNum;: D- E7 n. f" |  A5 I' Z
    ASOption.alpha = alpha;6 p, p7 P: ?. H5 ~- z) x
    ASOption.beta = beta;6 T! q9 @* @% d
    ASOption.rho = rho;- ^5 e! X0 x+ V* H
    ASOption.MaxITime = MaxITime;
    : ^/ v* m2 {. |& K  `ASOption.OptITime = 1;  O& J1 V$ X( g" P9 [
    ASOption.Q = 10;5 ~/ J7 N4 c& P8 p8 e! R
    ASOption.C = 100;5 e  Y7 {9 o2 L0 V; i
    ASOption.lambda = 0.15;( \. E, n7 s, K
    ASOption.ANBmin = 2; 4 o' A6 D/ e2 _5 m
    ASOption.GBLength = inf;
    & i# A. ^) [  ^; }) z2 VASOption.GBTour = zeros(length(Nodes(:,1))+1,1);8 j2 j6 d1 ?9 d) l. X
    ASOption.DispInterval = 10;
    ; @' ^& c6 [* U6 e4 orand('state',sum(100*clock));" E: {9 I9 }& ^, }: t' w
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------
    # d% u4 m( y) [& d: f* K$ Dfunction Problem = InitProblem(Nodes,WeightMatrix)/ _- E3 N- G1 m8 Z+ S- Y
    global ASOption
    4 K( B7 }& w5 H8 j% R8 @+ In = length(Nodes(:,1));7 Q9 {* o6 f8 m/ h: \2 l
    MatrixTau = (ones(n,n)-eye(n,n))*ASOption.C;; t, {) _/ A, u+ b! d. c7 m! ^
    Distances = WeightMatrix;
    * x. R, N6 P: CSymmetryFlag = false;
    & b) Y1 j2 a2 z' ^5 t, jif isempty(WeightMatrix)7 Y' k3 N7 B0 p( p
        Distances = CalculateDistance(Nodes);. G% `1 P$ W. @3 X) f
        SymmetryFlag = true;
      J' }# R2 |+ s8 v7 send
    0 e# a6 |2 m" ~/ n" ~$ [Problem = struct('nodes',Nodes,'dis',Distances,'tau',MatrixTau,'symmetry',SymmetryFlag);3 _( t& h) u$ \
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------
    / |" h4 B' i, D) r" Y- \function AntSystem = InitAntSystem()
    + r0 t& f$ X0 yglobal ASOption5 N3 h7 o$ m9 J: \& o' B
    AntTours = zeros(ASOption.m,ASOption.n+1);
    . T; {9 b7 [7 z- x. KToursLength = zeros(ASOption.m,1);9 [; i) O5 n& a: J. M; P* q
    AntSystem = struct('tours',AntTours,'lengths',ToursLength);  U! j; }1 M  G8 G) w/ `
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------
    " X% V+ h" _+ l+ y' g. Ufunction InitStartPoint()
    $ B- Q8 G6 H" x4 Oglobal AntSystem ASOption" z/ m% J! F* W% W
    AntSystem.tours = zeros(ASOption.m,ASOption.n+1); 3 ~/ y- ]' W+ `; n( D2 Z
    rand('state',sum(100*clock));! z  \! `+ J6 P* m( O) V
    AntSystem.tours(:,1) = randint(ASOption.m,1,[1,ASOption.n]);; `+ k" F. ~! f" N: Q2 J. t4 C+ W
    AntSystem.lengths = zeros(ASOption.m,1);
    . V. f% o. o- W# l3 z) d9 i: R%% --------------------------------------------------------------, K2 A, U9 ]% R4 O, I9 C+ B
    function Probs = CaculateShiftProb(step_i, ant_k)
    - y5 @/ n& F, ]+ `4 \global AntSystem ASOption Problem1 i* t1 k2 x. i. W% S3 c' L4 I6 j
    CurrentNode = AntSystem.tours(ant_k, step_i-1);
    , V% U+ B+ j. {5 p* cVisitedNodes = AntSystem.tours(ant_k, 1:step_i-1);
    , l) H( ^/ S- ?; |- W8 X1 l3 X2 Wtau_i = Problem.tau(CurrentNode,;
    3 k! J; @$ N0 ]( ?+ ]tau_i(1,VisitedNodes) = 0;
    . n* r5 n2 R/ G) O3 Qdis_i = Problem.dis(CurrentNode,;
      ^" r* N. D) |' ^9 O  ^dis_i(1,CurrentNode) = 1;& U8 E' c5 Y& ?. W
    Probs = (tau_i.^ASOption.alpha).*((1./dis_i).^ASOption.beta);2 p3 ^0 M. ?6 v
    if sum(Probs) ~= 0
      }5 y2 Y5 }" {    Probs = Probs/sum(Probs);" g" P: [5 a5 z& T5 Q: a6 O
    else , a+ ^/ ]. a6 z. M$ I
        NoVisitedNodes = setdiff(1:ASOption.n,VisitedNodes);
    / f; d2 n) A5 X) j    Probs(1,NoVisitedNodes) = 1/length(NoVisitedNodes);
    : ~; _& j8 ?: j; Qend
    8 s/ Y% l1 J3 y$ u%% --------------------------------------------------------------' I/ C) e7 V7 {3 _
    function Select = Roulette(P,num)9 ^  L, t3 n3 F, ^
    m = length(P);
    / [* b: s) Q" y: y0 S: `. b. vflag = (1-sum(P)<=1e-5);6 q" ^/ b' k$ x. J- ^! X0 C
    Select = zeros(1,num);( H% l8 C, C& b, z
    rand('state',sum(100*clock));0 Y( Q. Y9 ^6 ~" L) {/ v
    r = rand(1,num);/ T* G$ c- H% ~& f
    for i=1:num+ w+ X7 I# l% O$ i  G
        sumP = 0;
    . y) \9 u1 W" n# P    j = ceil(m*rand); : Z) V) v8 ?0 p- c; N
        while (sumP<r(i)) && flag6 ?8 L' b$ ~7 X  O. h9 F; N
            sumP = sumP + P(mod(j-1,m)+1);
      `5 Z' ?: ?$ z' S! e& z; b1 E        j = j+1;* {, G/ S  r# V  [* D' V( |
        end. }& K( v+ w4 j; d$ n: [6 K6 T
        Select(i) = mod(j-2,m)+1;1 W$ R+ L: R. e( y" D
    end0 ?# E; |4 S6 T$ U/ h  I
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------3 @7 s' `+ e$ w7 b% {7 F6 o
    function RefreshTabu(step_i,ant_k,nextnode)" o6 n$ K5 Q" k4 V+ Y# j1 M6 i+ N/ y
    global AntSystem! i" L5 x$ x  \9 C' k& c. o2 v+ K
    AntSystem.tours(ant_k,step_i) = nextnode;) X) p+ k. M, b6 V
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------
    # ^  g& n2 I5 sfunction CloseTours(). u1 f5 u  I, I9 v! G% ]
    global AntSystem ASOption
    7 \8 b4 U! C: w8 \8 v. t  PAntSystem.tours(:,ASOption.n+1) = AntSystem.tours(:,1);
    , I  v  S8 c. W( P%% --------------------------------------------------------------- k  B  z5 a8 Q
    function CaculateToursLength(), d$ C% X2 `/ p! h1 a
    global AntSystem ASOption Problem5 D! Y: V, H/ }" I, R8 w! q* A* z
    Lengths = zeros(ASOption.m,1);& T- g5 f% y- c2 v1 X: J
    for k=1:ASOption.m
    3 h8 M& g5 j& U& c  z    for i=1:ASOption.n
      H% C/ o, L; u9 |+ Y3 r+ D        Lengths(k)=Lengths(k)+...  v% e6 ~/ f& ]8 L" I4 j9 ]
            Problem.dis(AntSystem.tours(k,i),AntSystem.tours(k,i+1));7 N( ]- W( g) D2 G2 D" ]
        end
    1 m3 |& J4 k3 q4 f+ l6 u; aend, x& Y; |3 q8 b6 ]) p2 L0 R( x
    AntSystem.lengths = Lengths;
    ( R; w$ s! U2 w: v. P5 K%% --------------------------------------------------------------  W# S. Z6 ~# x% F. m- j+ _
    function [GBTour,GBLength,Record] = GetResults(ITime,ANB)  U2 P/ S* X0 c' D
    global AntSystem ASOption
    . Y" P  H9 \* F' x3 G* Y[IBLength,AntIndex] = min(AntSystem.lengths);1 N- o8 |+ U; Q; l/ _9 J  ~
    IBTour = AntSystem.tours(AntIndex,;
    3 y" B+ L5 y* u4 iif IBLength<=ASOption.GBLength
    % }2 Z8 Q0 T$ _' h( T% U        ASOption.GBLength = IBLength;- |4 r4 {3 k! N. {, o; Z  y% X) V- @
            ASOption.GBTour = IBTour;* C9 j; B" V' Q& n5 _& w
            ASOption.OptITime = ITime;
    , R5 B; A+ _3 |+ B, pend
    8 D- M! K, ^1 H/ q) p$ cGBTour = ASOption.GBTour';
    ( Y2 }  h# g- w7 ?6 m' |. HGBLength = ASOption.GBLength;
    & K- e% Y& l7 Q, ~6 nRecord = [IBLength,ANB,IBTour]';/ C. s: N8 U$ f) \
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------
    ) w2 J  o6 I: W# L# u3 W# A# |function GlobleRefreshPheromone()
    ' }1 Q8 Y( b9 K0 \4 @) Lglobal AntSystem ASOption Problem
    , U) f! ]" L; S5 K4 x/ |AT = AntSystem.tours;' l: W5 ^8 ?) M
    TL = AntSystem.lengths;
    2 X7 m# O  V4 C* }  n, P& ]sumdtau=zeros(ASOption.n,ASOption.n);   
      r" N) M5 _. y; X& c/ dfor k=1:ASOption.m
    . O5 ?  i/ D5 m4 J: z, R4 d8 r7 c    for i=1:ASOption.n
    * X! T* U: z& @, B# O        sumdtau(AT(k,i),AT(k,i+1))=sumdtau(AT(k,i),AT(k,i+1))+ASOption.Q/TL(k);/ @2 S3 |% O0 [: A5 I9 h
            if Problem.symmetry
    * F9 V: l0 a" k! a            sumdtau(AT(k,i+1),AT(k,i))=sumdtau(AT(k,i),AT(k,i+1));
    , }  t( H0 D! ]+ ^; `9 c+ Q" K        end; @% }* Z# m5 ?
        end; d0 Z7 T; {2 Y, S7 F5 F3 W/ C/ _  C
    end
    4 h& S5 A. [* CProblem.tau=Problem.tau*(1-ASOption.rho)+sumdtau;: z, e+ C/ h: L/ O: h& c' s
    %% --------------------------------------------------------------
    5 D9 ?& p! d* n/ ^; [. R" m' Hfunction flag = Terminate(ITime,ANB)9 f' N' f" \& t" ]* E8 `8 d
    global ASOption
      O: V0 L! ]. [+ ~1 T" f+ C* |, \flag = false;5 L$ E4 Y1 f; p
    if ANB<=ASOption.ANBmin || ITime>=ASOption.MaxITime  \0 Q2 j  {# r, e. o% ^
        flag = true;+ c+ ]6 j3 V: Z( o% \0 E' w
    end
    ' J3 V9 ~1 F0 x- m  a. @# M%% --------------------------------------------------------------0 Y$ C+ ?* P7 S6 ^* z
    function ANB = CaculateANB()
    ; d8 a7 H! f% p/ [+ [) b# ?, j( ]2 Rglobal ASOption Problem
      H' ?% T; {3 E8 Tmintau = min(Problem.tau+ASOption.C*eye(ASOption.n,ASOption.n));
    9 L8 w; ^5 r) N( p" \sigma = max(Problem.tau) - mintau;3 D  `$ r$ h* J1 W/ i: F& J
    dis = Problem.tau - repmat(sigma*ASOption.lambda+mintau,ASOption.n,1);
    ; x; n2 W; m  d1 Y) s! _' [$ kNB = sum(dis>=0,1);' G3 }; P* x: _( l5 n) M9 U3 J
    ANB = sum(NB)/ASOption.n;
    : |8 [. M$ t5 n%% --------------------------------------------------------------
    1 t7 X9 L. f) N+ n' b$ Lfunction Distances = CalculateDistance(Nodes)- W2 o; e9 T3 K: Q4 ~  O
    global ASOption + B+ E6 Q, K8 `
    Nodes(:,1)=[];
    8 f$ B- G# @1 D0 o4 VDistances=zeros(ASOption.n,ASOption.n);, y9 Y) O" ?  ?. J
    for i=2:ASOption.n9 J! C7 z4 r% e" [
        for j=1:i
    ! V0 a/ s; t. r% p5 j, X7 U        if(i==j)    7 `7 J9 q4 N- L. @- {
                continue;
      F7 s0 [2 h& S0 h        else' L# v/ n! x, ^; C
                dij=Nodes(i,-Nodes(j,;9 w; K- k/ _5 C
                Distances(i,j)=sqrt(dij(1)^2+dij(2)^2);2 _$ c4 C9 |  @
                Distances(j,i)=Distances(i,j);  : p8 Q6 p/ L* `; G. P  S
            end! a  X. f9 E4 a
        end1 c* j. a$ o2 z4 Q! j
    end
    " z  b% F; I8 U# V- E8 w" g( q%% --------------------------------------------------------------& L3 T) N, b2 e4 D3 @& Y5 k
    function ShowIterativeCourse(IBTour,ITime,hmovie)
    ! G( p/ R8 R6 j% }' I$ L0 D& J$ fglobal Problem ASOption5 F4 p% e# c% f' r, r) i7 g  P2 W4 C0 O
    num = length(IBTour);
    3 h$ [* x+ D, b; Q  D& fif mod(ITime,ASOption.DispInterval)==0  y' g+ m+ t" g/ J/ w% T; J
        title(get(hmovie,'Parent'),['ITime = ',num2str(ITime)]);
    . R; c. x9 f/ `$ l    NodeCoord = Problem.nodes;
    * b5 n" ^( x1 Z    xd=[];yd=[];
    : G# n% b' U- [    for i=1:num- n0 \  F* m4 ]/ ]7 B, C  g
            xd(i)=NodeCoord(IBTour(i),2);* l) g$ E, Q3 b6 Y$ |, n
            yd(i)=NodeCoord(IBTour(i),3);. r- S* `3 z/ S5 F& h/ `$ U3 W
        end
      a' s* z5 ^3 ?/ X! U    set(hmovie,'XData',xd,'YData',yd);
    3 x1 A7 S9 U) \$ l, ?* M    pause(0.01);8 [0 G+ p  y% C2 Q
    end
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