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TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2020-7-12 09:52 |
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签到天数: 116 天 [LV.6]常住居民II 管理员
 群组: 2018教师培训(呼和浩 群组: 2017-05-04 量化投资实 群组: 2017“草原杯”夏令营 群组: 2018美赛冲刺培训 群组: 2017 田老师国赛冲刺课 |
MATLAB 并不需要任何类型的声明或维度报表。 MATLAB 每当遇到一个新的变量名称,创建变量,并分配适当的内存空间。
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如果变量已经存在,则MATLAB替换以新的内容的原始内容,并分配新的存储空间,在必要的情况下。
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例如,% ~- L8 l) m8 }6 R( T y
5 A, @) l z% j" D
Total = 42
j; C7 s) f2 ` j+ r+ v$ H3 J. n, R上述语句创建了一个名为“Total” 的 1-1 矩阵存储值42。
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; r5 J* @1 q! F& ^0 p# p; MMATLAB中可用的数据类型
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! g# [8 z9 U) mMATLAB 提供15个基本数据类型。每种数据类型的数据存储在矩阵或阵列的形式。这个矩阵的大小或阵列是一个最低 0-0,这可以长大为任何规模大小的矩阵或数组。, ^% x. X6 L0 Y4 `8 V* A$ i8 p# `
7 u4 y" i! e; [+ o7 _( W5 J0 {1 ]
下表显示了在 MATLAB 中最常用的数据类型:
Z1 y' A- j9 |9 n3 j! A% ?7 X
. L" n6 u0 m& G I3 M' T, W$ s! C7 o数据类型 描述 p6 I6 B8 H$ ? c- t+ d
int8 8-bit signed integer
2 C7 Q# b( }0 ?# Ouint8 8-bit unsigned integer! `% h) q! R# a) N+ V
int16 16-bit signed integer+ c6 `& ?* W7 l7 T, ~9 l1 m+ C
uint16 16-bit unsigned integer
9 K! s! c- O1 Y. mint32 32-bit signed integer+ v L) J/ X2 q. r c
uint32 32-bit unsigned integer. c: X' d) }/ v. I/ ~& s y7 P4 Q
int64 64-bit signed integer
2 F) ^" |' [: s8 A" \/ U9 ?uint64 64-bit unsigned integer) h* ^6 k8 }7 e3 p
single single precision numerical data
7 L4 q, T, b0 y mdouble double precision numerical data4 @: g( D, j8 X- @" Y1 [
logical logical values of 1 or 0, represent true and false respectively7 d: X5 R/ A4 y$ \6 R) } ]2 a7 ^5 x/ P
char character data (strings are stored as vector of characters)' }# G& }7 \4 Q$ F7 W2 L4 U
cell array array of indexed cells, each capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
% W. T$ N7 y- L5 sstructure C-like structures, each structure having named fields capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type/ T# L) ^ B5 z/ O1 c" K5 O
function handle yiibaier to a function# [ \+ s. l7 k" z
user classes objects constructed from a user-defined class* B2 V" R1 ]2 g9 N, H2 ~' c
java classes objects constructed from a Java class
$ B- P9 A# x7 ~, i. N# ?1 P& W/ S2 J+ V例子
5 g! H# k9 }: t
, \6 g s* |# G9 }( t创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:
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/ \5 D% K9 p8 l; t1 G3 [/ N" j; g str = 'Hello World!'
0 }2 @; a+ Z3 c' `. b: I1 Dn = 2345
' b9 j9 z( f: Dd = double(n)
& J9 [3 n: k* @( ?& T* E* G* I+ \un = uint32(789.50)9 V h! E. v& Q
rn = 5678.923479 p! v4 c$ L J5 {2 C2 U3 Z% L9 L
c = int32(rn)
& a2 L& f" y1 ]上面的代码编译和执行时,它会产生以下结果:: F" z$ c" E' J% ? u5 ~: R- Y
2 j0 q* b9 m- zstr =: I3 b$ H7 I3 q( e& Q1 H2 S: J. M2 O
Hello World!
% \# {) O7 M. yn =. x4 J% x t/ E( S9 P8 w
2345, l. x1 l$ O4 b9 w) V
d =9 c8 }$ t& _* d0 k7 }
2345! ? h4 t9 b# F3 Z
un =
6 N% _; [- M5 e! N* f% l, a: [0 W; T 790$ k+ X1 U# }" @2 O% t5 ~9 w
rn =, _) O& j" o% M' a q
5.6789e+03
7 w; k6 `; S5 _" ic =
: c' d: V% m9 v0 ~( ~ 5679! C. N# s' J5 C: a
数据类型转换. P- }+ d1 h6 D- b; H6 J
3 P: e4 P& F7 o
MATLAB 提供各种函数,用于从一种数据类型转换到另一种。下表显示的数据类型转换函数:
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3 T* r9 D2 s# i8 Q- e函数 目的/作用
$ D, {7 L( d5 M p) qchar Convert to character array (string)
, f0 a- X k% t* uint2str Convert integer data to string, b6 t1 ?# \6 `& F" J; S& J$ S; u
mat2str Convert matrix to string
2 a8 {' g) \2 v# K1 t: A; |num2str Convert number to string& C0 q! o2 J& @0 }. |
str2double Convert string to double-precision value$ @: E$ `7 J* D
str2num Convert string to number
" h/ z/ L3 S2 m0 v5 Z% P( [native2unicode Convert numeric bytes to Unicode characters
- N, x& \8 g6 o* X1 aunicode2native Convert Unicode characters to numeric bytes
$ r+ a0 G' ?& ~0 m7 Xbase2dec Convert base N number string to decimal number. H z& A6 ~$ N2 b
bin2dec Convert binary number string to decimal number' W5 o* T6 ?7 t8 h' S& @8 |# d. j7 V" V
dec2base Convert decimal to base N number in string
! `' b- }4 ] V3 C6 udec2bin Convert decimal to binary number in string3 }& Y4 ], ]8 O: v- _3 q: e8 @
dec2hex Convert decimal to hexadecimal number in string. {6 Y$ S8 q& b% c- [+ p
hex2dec Convert hexadecimal number string to decimal number
; w+ n. E. Q& F2 y) K; X. g4 Shex2num Convert hexadecimal number string to double-precision number
9 g9 L1 _5 K) w, i) L6 I7 p( F3 Mnum2hex Convert singles and doubles to IEEE hexadecimal strings# z& O$ M# S/ X. m
cell2mat Convert cell array to numeric array
( Q# M6 p) c9 k X0 [cell2struct Convert cell array to structure array
$ B% W! G5 w7 u5 jcellstr Create cell array of strings from character array/ h9 O" |4 X% j" c" Q0 b
mat2cell Convert array to cell array with potentially different sized cells0 V, J, z: p* g6 c" @ I
num2cell Convert array to cell array with consistently sized cells5 I+ M% H! X p% B5 ]( O
struct2cell Convert structure to cell array1 d) E$ o9 a7 g2 I+ U+ |1 \6 L* l
测定的数据类型
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) Q: n& ]1 l2 S4 aMATLAB 提供各种函数标识数据类型的变量。
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下表提供了确定一个变量的数据类型的函数:6 E5 y% }1 M. T. _* X
9 C' H; n5 T3 W$ j. h/ `; H; Q函数 目的/作用
; x2 @$ X0 k) H, G/ q% Tis Detect state: e% L: [' _+ w% a4 N
isa Determine if input is object of specified class
( x5 g0 A; n, O0 |iscell Determine whether input is cell array' K3 L1 y: J8 P! R+ ~
iscellstr Determine whether input is cell array of strings
7 u8 F$ ^" Z6 L+ h9 B& ?% Uischar Determine whether item is character array( c- j6 ~1 @/ e6 s# Z( |
isfield Determine whether input is structure array field( G, d0 r F7 ^1 h( ?3 D& L
isfloat Determine if input is floating-yiibai array
6 c: J- M e4 D2 P# h7 Z: P9 dishghandle True for Handle Graphics object handles
+ P6 Y7 v" j& f4 i" visinteger Determine if input is integer array3 Y" M3 c0 ]6 ?$ b$ |# Y2 {
isjava Determine if input is Java object/ {1 G7 B" M" O& f
islogical Determine if input is logical array
4 B9 k/ `4 }9 S* k) }3 h& Y: J4 i: Risnumeric Determine if input is numeric array
4 n+ K0 {9 f$ r2 C" j4 S) P wisobject Determine if input is MATLAB object
% J2 Y6 Z+ o' p' oisreal Check if input is real array
7 b4 U! M& o! `isscalar Determine whether input is scalar
# u/ O! X# q8 {4 y2 oisstr Determine whether input is character array
. h8 B' R2 ^1 G: T# Cisstruct Determine whether input is structure array/ Q& M( ^& j% Q; P( `
isvector Determine whether input is vector
- {1 A- K# l2 p( `% lclass Determine class of object
! e& ?/ d) \6 e. U! Qvalidateattributes Check validity of array* r3 n# o( e& r c6 F
whos List variables in workspace, with sizes and types
3 w' i( o# w6 y4 A例子
5 Y \. _, t& v1 W% c
! Z- a0 _& b' g1 {6 m创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:; [( |* h) n1 O4 n
- O, O# g# d1 L/ R" R) _9 ix = 3
: ^4 k, I/ M! p4 V8 B) E) yisinteger(x)% v7 l/ c4 ~' V$ J+ S+ B
isfloat(x)
- j% ^. \* S3 O& qisvector(x)0 M% a& t" @6 Z( f7 L! [3 {' B
isscalar(x)
% J+ b2 I9 I& Q; e* L7 Lisnumeric(x)1 ^2 B8 h" R" y. K
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x = 23.54
% r) E7 @# R2 J h0 z- ^1 W9 s9 cisinteger(x): i0 `/ m! |% i0 z% h; k3 N
isfloat(x)
/ T! @! a, G1 Aisvector(x)( o1 [% T2 r# L7 c. ~4 O
isscalar(x)
: n0 [# j/ X, W) C6 b! T Misnumeric(x)5 ]* l/ ?$ G& g) w' M
- v! w! V. g# Q, {x = [1 2 3]' k/ g) D' d" c: y" X
isinteger(x)
0 y ]2 `8 i9 L: E. m# @isfloat(x)& ^6 \ D4 b. X
isvector(x)
8 V# _- K" p% V8 I X- v* z9 q: sisscalar(x): Y& F- q3 L; i0 k9 U# Q
6 Z+ q% r- S6 C( ]9 Hx = 'Hello'
3 G f/ r( W8 c/ J- I. oisinteger(x)1 ~: W% S7 ~" \7 x2 \9 @8 T
isfloat(x)
9 L! l Z+ q; U7 Y0 X/ {. Z: Hisvector(x)
9 N0 z- s$ i$ K8 ~isscalar(x)
$ \6 f- d3 {* fisnumeric(x)
. F- Z" k8 v( D/ b当运行该文件,它会产生以下结果:
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x =- ~9 n# P( w) Z- V
3
, w! |6 ]6 _" ] v. x0 T+ Y! a: @/ Tans =2 v3 y( `. f8 h: j9 Y
02 o0 O: K; r! I
ans =: R5 `: @+ j# g/ x6 F5 F/ |
1
3 d! q* z- R& ~' y% ^! {3 Lans =
5 z% @- r+ C9 o. T0 \2 e 1
& ~( M* ]' r0 b/ gans =8 |4 O+ ?" j$ S" V" `6 i% Y% U% U
1+ K' r2 i6 [* a
ans =! C9 V1 V4 d+ K( N' |' Q0 L2 d
1, S9 T7 H! d) W5 w7 ?
x =
) B0 V. G C! w* x" q* c9 u% @ 23.5400- J7 Y: a; E1 B2 l m8 r) K' r" ~: e
ans =& x- J2 |: c8 Q2 C. E% Y
0- y1 `# \! b2 f2 J. X3 @# p) Z
ans =( X- t5 Z8 X% f) L) K
1
) N" ]3 f, z; r1 ^: e# \1 c% L" u' rans =
- I* E# \ l+ F 1
' D- [) b" [2 i8 [: ?1 Bans =
; X4 J, N9 @3 C% Z4 Z7 J4 Q | 19 R3 Y, \9 H( X. k
ans =' H+ L, q) K5 C. z6 e0 M
1
, Z3 S+ Q; N: Cx =" u( I3 Q7 v$ f: [
1 2 3$ C' R) V! @2 J0 b) K
ans =
X, x, X* V2 ~+ x3 O 0) k1 a0 W0 Q# |) T
ans =2 o& a, a8 A/ @# s. b, m
1+ z- B3 P. N# O7 H3 w, `
ans =& E. q+ C# ^$ `5 M* f0 ~& E
1; L" c6 H2 y+ p- l/ s
ans =
* R% w1 J9 p$ I0 M 05 o% ~/ `7 S" ?& Q. ~
x =
# U4 K2 V" s5 u6 @4 r! jHello5 l# h8 G: T8 |6 p
ans =7 P: k: P( J2 V) M: S( M7 [% S" A' M
05 d7 q5 n1 K" z; y0 U+ C. B
ans =9 V+ x k1 S+ s7 Y: S- o
0/ H& B/ Y: O' p% Z: O
ans =
. t- `8 h. Z+ C# p 1
+ E P+ `" D" W) h9 z7 Q2 U( g/ @ans =% W' V' I' y0 j2 y" c F; S
0
8 g0 K1 r6 g8 \% yans =; @; e8 V: r( t
0 }0 J: ~2 D6 C0 K
- S# G1 M0 A( w' w: p
————————————————
9 Y3 n6 X6 L2 `) `9 x* m+ M, Z版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「Phil__ming」的原创文章。
, g4 p3 n }2 @原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Poseidon__ming/article/details/750925753 G$ u5 k3 I$ J$ k
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