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TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2020-7-12 09:52 |
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签到天数: 116 天 [LV.6]常住居民II 管理员
 群组: 2018教师培训(呼和浩 群组: 2017-05-04 量化投资实 群组: 2017“草原杯”夏令营 群组: 2018美赛冲刺培训 群组: 2017 田老师国赛冲刺课 |
MATLAB 并不需要任何类型的声明或维度报表。 MATLAB 每当遇到一个新的变量名称,创建变量,并分配适当的内存空间。
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如果变量已经存在,则MATLAB替换以新的内容的原始内容,并分配新的存储空间,在必要的情况下。) D, f% O" @' u* E- f9 ^
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例如,1 T9 k7 a6 }" K: O1 K* H2 x
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Total = 42
/ C8 B9 d2 k J3 z C上述语句创建了一个名为“Total” 的 1-1 矩阵存储值42。1 t0 q& t; n4 A7 V" ]- U* i
4 F& m) g( ?7 h* J) a. U! nMATLAB中可用的数据类型
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: h/ H* X4 |3 O& j4 s- b# W) r3 OMATLAB 提供15个基本数据类型。每种数据类型的数据存储在矩阵或阵列的形式。这个矩阵的大小或阵列是一个最低 0-0,这可以长大为任何规模大小的矩阵或数组。
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下表显示了在 MATLAB 中最常用的数据类型:
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数据类型 描述& I0 s5 O7 Z9 W6 A5 i
int8 8-bit signed integer
+ a- Z7 K# \. muint8 8-bit unsigned integer% D, `, K& X' Z% r
int16 16-bit signed integer
/ X4 d, I2 a o) f: @uint16 16-bit unsigned integer2 U! b4 E- j! ^- a% ~/ U+ W
int32 32-bit signed integer X2 q0 V* D6 X/ F$ t
uint32 32-bit unsigned integer
" V) [6 w# Z# ?2 _/ k5 d2 Mint64 64-bit signed integer7 a, \; r+ y1 G+ }, M
uint64 64-bit unsigned integer
, H9 H3 Y% W# o5 t5 o4 d" dsingle single precision numerical data8 ?" M' O; T/ Y
double double precision numerical data
6 }& M- U+ y% h" @! g% Clogical logical values of 1 or 0, represent true and false respectively
6 r* ^# n5 k0 G( K5 K! tchar character data (strings are stored as vector of characters)0 M7 J1 |3 i( D0 I; z+ d. {) @+ w
cell array array of indexed cells, each capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
/ q" O4 D# J0 [% P# h, w, Ustructure C-like structures, each structure having named fields capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type- ]" ^/ [( y* ?. q" I8 v4 r
function handle yiibaier to a function7 C* W, v ~! ?; ^. Z; c: b, I/ A6 C
user classes objects constructed from a user-defined class8 ~) |0 o( O0 r4 g) Y$ J
java classes objects constructed from a Java class
6 D; W" H* I- E$ {例子! f) @8 ]9 L9 z7 P5 l. _: F, }9 B9 h) N
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创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:# k# e. {' Z' M9 v E; ?# [
- e0 w4 a. Z5 b; b! J& u! M
str = 'Hello World!'2 ?$ J& N: K) T4 M& |( t( g
n = 23452 N4 h) f" v8 v, t3 S, W
d = double(n)8 A) ` l" m. l9 U0 V$ b: h7 `
un = uint32(789.50)
' e5 E: t& X! A6 _0 D) J; ?rn = 5678.92347* o- e& C2 Y. X# I% |9 I
c = int32(rn)- q a3 W- c0 q
上面的代码编译和执行时,它会产生以下结果:) J/ e4 i$ H |$ R, ?
$ {$ |0 |7 @7 j& I
str =% O4 ?6 i' K) h. N' q
Hello World!
8 J( X* b9 ]% |( T L& Y xn =
$ R: o. y: s; _2 {4 B3 a4 T* t; v1 r 2345
: o, O ^$ ~2 l2 s$ id =
' o: S3 N* |3 }' q% ]5 l: H9 e- r0 R 2345 P5 [# z. f& E; x
un =1 j& U2 h4 S8 E* A Z
7906 q# B. Z$ e: _
rn =
! h9 }7 W3 ^2 U) h" W% H 5.6789e+03" S+ ^' s6 h% v* A1 g
c =
% Y6 I# B$ ^) }/ V% v 5679
( i, Y) |4 U8 J( P+ ~8 G, p数据类型转换+ ?4 F! m9 a% c1 c
& {" D9 G. s5 r, R. eMATLAB 提供各种函数,用于从一种数据类型转换到另一种。下表显示的数据类型转换函数:# l+ ^# I& p9 {& e' t
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函数 目的/作用7 u$ o) o1 ?4 X1 ]8 r8 z- }# ~
char Convert to character array (string). D& ~5 w! H W2 ~. @9 w# _
int2str Convert integer data to string
! d% K& a: a2 X* k% h7 f7 omat2str Convert matrix to string
& q: [ x% s. E2 @- a8 Ynum2str Convert number to string" e' l7 X0 X& ~. U& k
str2double Convert string to double-precision value. Q# W; B2 i" O L* C0 ?% w8 j# M
str2num Convert string to number$ O# F# X4 J1 _3 s4 m
native2unicode Convert numeric bytes to Unicode characters
, |6 g. x' O" K4 eunicode2native Convert Unicode characters to numeric bytes
h" U9 A6 m6 {, f. M5 jbase2dec Convert base N number string to decimal number) o" P# e- @/ x2 f8 a( s& i
bin2dec Convert binary number string to decimal number
) `& q& b1 l$ _+ e( |, Kdec2base Convert decimal to base N number in string
9 g' ?- e3 D5 X2 Sdec2bin Convert decimal to binary number in string
& X: F& T* h2 B7 fdec2hex Convert decimal to hexadecimal number in string
) t6 s1 X4 |% R, Ehex2dec Convert hexadecimal number string to decimal number( ~# ]' D! s8 V3 H
hex2num Convert hexadecimal number string to double-precision number: R" K. E9 [- _
num2hex Convert singles and doubles to IEEE hexadecimal strings% ]8 y3 ?/ e% O4 P' V# l8 q9 h
cell2mat Convert cell array to numeric array
! F# x7 x/ B/ j6 R5 Y; x* ncell2struct Convert cell array to structure array
: X- y: J/ ?* f7 p2 d* ]cellstr Create cell array of strings from character array5 Y* c+ p1 z! K$ H9 B0 X+ G
mat2cell Convert array to cell array with potentially different sized cells
) H- L( s6 B A) Q2 Jnum2cell Convert array to cell array with consistently sized cells' D( \. b: t w
struct2cell Convert structure to cell array4 J+ V# u" h0 _: C- O* p' D; \5 q
测定的数据类型
3 ]6 T3 {" S4 m, \
$ {% T+ m9 x% }MATLAB 提供各种函数标识数据类型的变量。/ {' `" c. @& ~, m" C- m
' `; k0 s2 t+ t9 Z# P8 Q下表提供了确定一个变量的数据类型的函数:
4 M, L0 {8 r: Q/ l3 p% ?
) K9 o. `* W( D7 ?函数 目的/作用, B( e5 A; F: \0 R* L
is Detect state9 }; l' @7 k: i4 v( M5 O; R8 o
isa Determine if input is object of specified class
. e& G% G) Z/ a% X+ d% piscell Determine whether input is cell array
8 F/ u6 g4 l K$ h1 K4 Viscellstr Determine whether input is cell array of strings2 ^- x0 T& n5 H( y Q$ P
ischar Determine whether item is character array
+ P: `; i0 ]6 N; ^6 O* hisfield Determine whether input is structure array field4 A( L6 ]3 {' q, A2 r
isfloat Determine if input is floating-yiibai array! ?2 i% U) X5 c7 d8 m
ishghandle True for Handle Graphics object handles: R% X8 `" b: a
isinteger Determine if input is integer array( M6 I, G5 N1 K2 N: p; S
isjava Determine if input is Java object# K7 I4 e, K0 Y/ c5 }$ z
islogical Determine if input is logical array
( V; F/ ~$ {. sisnumeric Determine if input is numeric array
& w; r0 m$ X6 |5 gisobject Determine if input is MATLAB object
4 j+ y- g& S! k7 v w3 Zisreal Check if input is real array% f1 y C# r' u7 _2 A
isscalar Determine whether input is scalar4 N8 \& k; n6 \! ^1 \
isstr Determine whether input is character array! k; m2 V2 I9 Q* E% G. u
isstruct Determine whether input is structure array" a {; x. `0 H" a
isvector Determine whether input is vector' f2 r: @* g; f9 i: O( ?
class Determine class of object9 H1 f1 c+ s/ W( U
validateattributes Check validity of array6 q- `) C5 Y2 Q4 M8 K) h8 N0 Q: Z, W
whos List variables in workspace, with sizes and types
n: p: M( k, z+ g# u8 V/ m例子 y: M/ n7 a# ?0 E/ z- ^" ]
h9 `; K6 B7 q) t- X: k
创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:8 Q' b. b; S2 X0 B3 ]/ k# ]
/ s- H; [; a; [. O2 B; l6 c8 Xx = 3+ N Y- z9 |* j5 i
isinteger(x)
) I1 ^$ S' [7 d8 E3 V! ~# A Qisfloat(x): k! @- s% d2 |/ O; i' ^* }; r
isvector(x)
/ ~5 ]4 F9 C# j$ W( S& C4 d; I1 zisscalar(x)' ~( P# w/ U( b" S5 Z4 [
isnumeric(x)$ U: m3 N1 z0 K1 _# c3 i
' p" S; |6 w# S& Ex = 23.54
3 T/ u2 V- Y. l* \& n( L6 j" ^+ Nisinteger(x)1 R- ]1 R& b; l) X
isfloat(x)
) m+ w2 I! @6 o8 Cisvector(x)
4 ^* I& o/ d& v1 ]; s' D3 \isscalar(x)% `# _0 x: m) S# P" p/ J6 |
isnumeric(x)
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x = [1 2 3]
5 p% }3 T! \4 B- z1 Nisinteger(x): q* s4 c5 G& {: r# ]1 Q; X& v- H
isfloat(x)+ ^5 u( q7 ]) L0 c# i+ U3 B
isvector(x)
$ L, h: ]4 W; Z% |9 Y/ \5 j6 T8 Qisscalar(x)& V" s T4 x! B) c
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x = 'Hello'+ D/ l; D" Y2 o( d
isinteger(x)9 \: X; R) k* A/ z) l+ E0 u( w
isfloat(x)- J) l8 N1 @1 P1 L# U
isvector(x)1 e6 n+ x! K( Y9 ?6 _& X
isscalar(x)& Z6 m K" u$ Y) ^" j# [
isnumeric(x)
c# _; e; j+ \9 \当运行该文件,它会产生以下结果:
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x =' a7 B' @8 V% Y0 I1 z0 }9 R
3
* k" ?& W7 C$ uans =
- o. m6 M+ W9 n8 V6 \! N3 a1 b 0
3 s, h* O3 F6 j) x2 `ans =
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ans =
2 m5 e; [( G1 X. \) N1 `( X 1
# a- F3 O: M3 I6 t' zans =
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ans =& [" b# ~0 a% ^; d2 \4 d
16 h' r+ R* V* b& ?; W% j
x =
, |1 |$ H! d7 F; W 23.54000 N. Q7 M7 z& n v& c, ^, U) D
ans =
' \' K4 R+ j! [5 b! F5 _/ n1 U 06 H/ W. k- v6 z- S3 b' _$ o W
ans =# s4 t+ U& j# z! |/ U) ~( O% a
1
' X, ]& c( F6 Q4 Q) v/ J# Pans =2 O" C: A4 ]; y/ t
1# [4 A8 Z& ], g' ?5 H; q; m
ans =
: K7 G" D2 F- ]- A3 z5 J# Q# }8 { J 1
5 C1 E* T; ]3 m! K" q Oans =
0 e0 L5 X0 g2 }: b8 U1 k 1
; W$ S# u! G4 p6 e; Ex =! N) D9 m4 W6 T& _
1 2 37 g3 M" u. R- t2 ]" M0 }
ans =
) Y! {1 \: n) W 0
/ N- r: e6 B4 }+ {2 J0 z& rans =
5 u) [. v3 n1 L5 \ l7 } w! Y: u 1: f% o% R/ W+ j7 v% Q# o+ H p
ans =
m7 U3 O+ [( [" T) V 1$ I7 l- K" ^6 A; i& H* J/ f
ans =
" p- D& J% k4 m# ]/ D 0
1 Y% v, R) u4 D: q# jx =7 T; F$ ^7 l d$ j: }/ ]; a0 A4 u
Hello
" K# S$ z1 ?" B- r5 Zans =) t* M6 k$ ^5 f& q( V U
0$ N- ]* H( c6 G
ans =
2 ~3 A5 s* {5 E2 C& R+ k Y 0( T& X- C8 ?9 ]8 k
ans =
/ h3 w/ f2 x' g+ L2 ~0 S 1
+ T9 o7 u% e; Z/ Gans =/ ]' y0 O5 p7 ?4 ~3 @& h* W
0
) e8 ^; p4 d+ y: A, s J! [ans =
- n" s9 {3 K9 T! V$ Z 01 o8 ?* C+ B& y% Q3 P- u
. x% M0 t. p& J: w0 P- P————————————————. y/ W: H0 \7 W& G8 A) G$ a
版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「Phil__ming」的原创文章。) u0 p! N( @ K* a, B* H
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Poseidon__ming/article/details/750925751 | V6 V& D( U- B$ }' O
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