函数大全(m开头)

韩冰

< align=center><FONT color=#0000ff size=3><B><FONT color=#cc0000>函数大全(m开头)</FONT></B></FONT></P>
1 |( ~2 O6 V; c4 J< align=left><FONT color=#ff0000>main()主函数
</FONT>每一C 程序都 <B><FONT color=#000000>必须</FONT></B> 有一<FONT color=#ff0000><B>main()</B></FONT>函数, 可以根据自己的爱好把它放在程序的某
) `" N: U: }" f个地方。有些程序员把它放在最前面, 而另一些程序员把它放在最后面, 无论放
% O( I# a" A7 S( h2 q在哪个地方, 以下几点说明都是适合的。
<FONT color=#000099>1. main() 参数 </FONT>
1 p1 A% y* K( d# I在Turbo C2.0启动过程中, 传递main()函数三个参数: argc, argv和env。
* argc: 整数, 为传给main()的命令行参数个数。
* argv: 字符串数组。
3 V5 U% c0 g6 u$ [! N& m0 g9 O. _- ?在DOS 3.X 版本中, argv[0] 为程序运行的全路径名; 对DOS 3.0
# x  m! U7 g$ \" |6 S9 K- v# Z以下的版本, argv[0]为空串("") 。
argv[1] 为在DOS命令行中执行程序名后的第一个字符串;
9 j8 u+ Q5 K8 b5 [4 H* ~argv[2] 为执行程序名后的第二个字符串;
...
argv[argc]为NULL。
*env: 安符串数组。env[] 的每一个元素都包含ENVVAR=value形式的字符
串。其中ENVVAR为环境变量如PATH或87。value 为ENVVAR的对应值如C:\DOS, C:
8 D* _  T" s/ D* j$ c\TURBOC(对于PATH) 或YES(对于87)。
Turbo C2.0启动时总是把这三个参数传递给main()函数, 可以在用户程序中
说明(或不说明)它们, 如果说明了部分(或全部)参数, 它们就成为main()子程序
) ?0 A/ W# z" t8 i* K" g的局部变量。
请注意: 一旦想说明这些参数, 则必须按argc, argv, env 的顺序, 如以下
的例子:
<FONT color=#0000ff>main()
main(int argc)
( f7 z: }- Q$ t0 G8 y. Ymain(int argc, char *argv[])
main(int argc, char *argv[], char *env[]) </FONT>
其中第二种情况是合法的, 但不常见, 因为在程序中很少有只用argc, 而不
用argv[]的情况。
3 }8 A+ [: z$ [2 x5 `* G以下提供一样例程序EXAMPLE.EXE, 演示如何在main()函数中使用三个参数:
5 ~" ]# S; p3 ^<FONT color=#0000ff>/*program name EXAMPLE.EXE*/
#include <STDIO.H>
" W; W6 \" o) y. u' v. k#include <STDLIB.H>
main(int argc, char *argv[], char *env[])
{
int i;
- l& [5 \$ O# fprintf("These are the %d command- line arguments passed to
( B5 C/ i$ K; {9 B, }main:\n\n", argc);
; x$ s: D, S3 C- d& B- }for(i=0; i&lt;=argc; i++)
printf("argv[%d]:%s\n", i, argv);
printf("\nThe environment string(s)on this system are:\n\n");
for(i=0; env!=NULL; i++)
printf(" env[%d]:%s\n", i, env);
- `# p9 n; J9 i$ r& ]" Y, I} </FONT>
! _" s3 ^  y# X# U2 V' q  H- Q如果在DOS 提示符下, 按以下方式运行EXAMPLE.EXE:
0 K8 C4 @+ k$ |/ l5 sC:\example first_argument "argument with blanks" 3 4 "last but
one" stop!
# I- l3 L" I6 u" {& i# c注意: 可以用双引号括起内含空格的参数, 如本例中的: " argument
) `+ a1 R- a+ y' vwith blanks"和"Last but one")。
结果是这样的:
<FONT color=#0000ff>The value of argc is 7
7 N( @% e  I0 A) g" l% o6 q7 U  fThese are the 7 command-linearguments passed to main:
argv[0]:C:\TURBO\EXAMPLE.EXE
- o3 `! _  F8 u. d- iargv[1]:first_argument
( ?5 D, r$ y0 W5 n  I% x: |4 A1 F% }argv[2]:argument with blanks
5 [- P/ {- s/ z: Q$ dargv[3]:3
) p/ L  @$ y# N6 }/ x/ B; d& }argv[4]:4
) I' T  X; p2 v" D5 w' Margv[5]:last but one
argv[6]:stop!
" r3 h  ~6 k/ largv[7]NULL)
* ~6 ^2 @+ Z- B: i) aThe environment string(s) on this system are:
7 ?8 e7 Y0 B: V% O" h3 V: d: Yenv[0]: COMSPEC=C:\COMMAND.COM
env[1]: PROMPT=$P$G /*视具体设置而定*/
env[2]: PATH=C:\DOS;C:\TC /*视具体设置而定*/
</FONT>
6 m: }+ g+ t/ c, h7 {) f$ T应该提醒的是: 传送main() 函数的命令行参数的最大长度为128 个字符 (包
括参数间的空格), 这是由DOS 限制的。
</P>
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: matherr </FONT>
功 能: 用户可修改的数学错误处理程序
用 法: int matherr(struct exception *e);
# _5 [; @# V  r8 L  O程序例: </P>
; p1 x/ }+ T' b- d2 e<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* This is a user-defined matherr function that prevents
+ W, u- Y8 o, Z& Hany error messages from being printed. */ </FONT></P>
8 o" Q! Q- T1 ]2 q8 t: ^<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include<MATH.H> </FONT></P>
; g& z- z' w5 V1 C# X<><FONT color=#0000ff>int matherr(struct exception *a)
{
* L$ h* P( |6 [return 1;
}
/ x# M8 `3 U' H% d! [, P: A- _. U</FONT>
, G" a# F5 b9 M$ u# n, {
3 I  |) w* S+ Y7 d: K</P>
( p3 x) l! M! Q0 q<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: memccpy </FONT>
功 能: 从源source中拷贝n个字节到目标destin中
6 t6 }9 ]2 W! `9 y- X' Q. ~用 法: void *memccpy(void *destin, void *source, unsigned char ch,
# K' w) }8 V5 s  }( c8 D! Lunsigned n);
4 ]& @+ g% P# X程序例: </P>
( N, m& k0 H0 t- G+ X$ N. J<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STRING.H>
$ |$ g, {' K8 O' N8 L7 f" G5 w#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
0 o: h* ^$ Y4 L9 k5 l+ O<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
+ y3 z) c, r7 c3 o3 x{
1 C/ T; H- ]* r' @# ]. A2 Ochar *src = "This is the source string";
char dest[50];
char *ptr; </FONT></P>
$ J* j7 E2 {; j. K5 ~( h" Y<><FONT color=#0000ff>ptr = memccpy(dest, src, 'c', strlen(src)); </FONT></P>
0 W; S6 k" G; Z& l0 `* H* Q<><FONT color=#0000ff>if (ptr)
. T1 ^/ L0 X/ w% l" N% ]+ P3 |1 d{
; K) a( |4 D5 R3 v6 _( N*ptr = '\0';
printf("The character was found: %s\n", dest);
3 O' a" j- L$ a# w6 V1 d! s) ~* V}
else
* Y; l9 C$ f# k* g2 xprintf("The character wasn't found\n");
return 0;
: D; @5 N6 x5 x$ B}
2 p  ?7 @5 K1 g! w; C- t& W8 r</FONT>
1 x* R- M& Z5 ^& Z- X' @</P>
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: malloc</FONT>
  R& `" ^& D0 F8 q  ?5 D功 能: 内存分配函数
8 s1 T  @# d2 i" A1 a1 y8 A) {用 法: void *malloc(unsigned size);
程序例: </P>
<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
#include <STRING.H>
5 x! z8 o' T: E+ D7 {; D6 [, D#include <ALLOC.H>
- M: u. y# z, c3 r6 w' a#include <ROCESS.H></FONT></P>
. o6 [& O% A! n5 J" F+ K: `<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
% L% [$ t# L. x$ a# W) y' N" p! Fchar *str; </FONT></P>
9 g9 v* j  S  R1 h$ S<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* allocate memory for string */
- f5 ^* @* z7 A# \( @/* This will generate an error when compiling */
$ ?& w2 q, o1 G% y  J. g1 h7 B; Z  y9 X/* with C++, use the new operator instead. */
if ((str = malloc(10)) == NULL)
! y/ [" h, B3 W{
printf("Not enough memory to allocate buffer\n");
1 o* {' b4 @% S$ u; S! vexit(1); /* terminate program if out of memory */
( M/ ~( M& w5 n  D, B: j" `0 {" A} </FONT></P>
3 V1 ?0 B$ K, ?8 s" S<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* copy "Hello" into string */
; h9 Q% x6 Y: u" d1 q; S- y7 G( Dstrcpy(str, "Hello"); </FONT></P>
8 T6 o( \/ s* \& d2 w- K  s% v6 I' B<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* display string */
9 D, f  w5 D+ Q& z0 Q0 q# s- Oprintf("String is %s\n", str); </FONT></P>
<><FONT color=#0000ff>/* free memory */
7 X; f1 ~: `$ B" `8 lfree(str); </FONT></P>
" q  p5 J7 y9 H: t# ]  \  N<><FONT color=#0000ff>return 0;
* `( }7 O. M' H8 W}

</FONT>
</P>
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: memchr</FONT>
& t: Q5 a* G5 T+ E! v/ U功 能: 在数组的前n个字节中搜索字符
0 G/ z0 y8 ]" g- H/ n7 ~用 法: void *memchr(void *s, char ch, unsigned n);
7 ]7 X/ @; ?; F+ W+ M程序例: </P>
<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STRING.H>
#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
: Q  I7 X$ H/ p, e0 L* \<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
( X& Z* g$ W: @& ?9 D4 [{
3 U  c* G8 Z# a5 _5 u9 X5 lchar str[17];
char *ptr; </FONT></P>
<><FONT color=#0000ff>strcpy(str, "This is a string");
ptr = memchr(str, 'r', strlen(str));
if (ptr)
printf("The character 'r' is at position: %d\n", ptr - str);
& z- b$ l7 n' W6 D" `' ]( jelse
printf("The character was not found\n");
- S' F+ ?/ D5 R' oreturn 0;
}
& w# t- B, R  o4 z3 s</FONT></P>
7 ^! R: L! _1 ?# H$ l6 k<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: memcpy </FONT>
+ u& |; |' u  v( t功 能: 从源source中拷贝n个字节到目标destin中
$ H' c* n& I+ a: ~用 法: void *memcpy(void *destin, void *source, unsigned n);
- X. R3 h2 v8 |, f- W2 f/ d程序例: </P>
<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
#include <STRING.H>
% S  V% f7 J' }# {1 j, Z; J2 Zint main(void)
: n: u4 l# a6 }2 [" F{
9 L- |: J# C# Gchar src[] = "******************************";
char dest[] = "abcdefghijlkmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456709";
5 B" b0 ~/ J) n! hchar *ptr;
printf("destination before memcpy: %s\n", dest);
ptr = memcpy(dest, src, strlen(src));
  s; L. [: q, d- n6 M( `) {if (ptr)
printf("destination after memcpy: %s\n", dest);
else
printf("memcpy failed\n");
return 0;
}
</FONT>
* t. j9 A8 [6 m& u( s8 C  B& q1 W</P>
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: memicmp </FONT>
2 n5 x: K  q( a1 D! O2 ^功 能: 比较两个串s1和s2的前n个字节, 忽略大小写
用 法: int memicmp(void *s1, void *s2, unsigned n);
; H: E+ d0 ^5 d4 y程序例: </P>
5 B( M1 X6 s* ?: ]<><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
#include <STRING.H></FONT></P>
8 P2 f- x. z) ?<><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
/ e' U" O6 g7 K7 Y{
char *buf1 = "ABCDE123";
char *buf2 = "abcde456";
. v# o5 C8 }7 a; T% Oint stat;
stat = memicmp(buf1, buf2, 5);
printf("The strings to position 5 are ");
if (stat)
. ^8 ^6 Z  A" sprintf("not ");
printf("the same\n");
return 0;
}
</FONT>
</P>
<><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: memmove </FONT>
功 能: 移动一块字节
用 法: void *memmove(void *destin, void *source, unsigned n);
: A" z9 l" z1 c' a4 x程序例: </P>
& n8 W' v. I, `+ f& ]0 E<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STRING.H>
# ^* X, w$ n/ t2 ?, E#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
. p6 b: O3 W4 \  e{
! ], s7 {3 H8 D$ ~% c1 ~( Fchar *dest = "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
: {! |3 V1 @7 r7 `char *src = "******************************";
printf("destination prior to memmove: %s\n", dest);
8 y8 Q" Z  ]/ }8 ]+ J) Qmemmove(dest, src, 26);
printf("destination after memmove: %s\n", dest);
% \. X3 W: ~+ B' L5 F2 ureturn 0;
! K9 v, t' |) l}

</FONT>
! o) X7 d5 F) i4 A6 Q# V2 M</P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: memset </FONT>
8 m" Q  [1 M0 ~- R% k功 能: 设置s中的所有字节为ch, s数组的大小由n给定
2 w0 w) N. o+ Y7 ~1 e% Z用 法: void *memset(void *s, char ch, unsigned n);
程序例: </P>
& _. _, B' m& l* N2 O3 `; ]<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STRING.H>
8 L$ U' x3 W8 Z( o) y3 L, J4 v5 t#include <STDIO.H>
  M, P/ o& S# T: ^" r#include <MEM.H></FONT></P>
4 @4 c* ^  K$ O) c% h% N<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
% _, L  j( V0 j$ Tchar buffer[] = "Hello world\n"; </FONT></P>
* a! o. o0 q4 Q- G; G. q5 g<P><FONT color=#0000ff>printf("Buffer before memset: %s\n", buffer);
9 t" _7 |/ ]7 D' dmemset(buffer, '*', strlen(buffer) - 1);
printf("Buffer after memset: %s\n", buffer);
return 0;
% O5 S2 }. [3 H! @} </FONT>

5 x2 J9 C0 j1 M) x% ^) C</P>
# R- D) d+ H) \" _0 V& E<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: mkdir </FONT>
- H( Y1 f3 w/ a6 }6 m9 C功 能: 建立一个目录
; q$ @% I7 S- |5 L* b$ Z用 法: int mkdir(char *pathname);
8 R' M5 H' S  g  G% h4 e程序例: </P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <STDIO.H>
#include <CONIO.H>
2 W! ^& H' t* o1 X6 I- O: i#include <PROCESS.H>
- [) i5 k& L! R+ z% S0 F# ~#include <DIR.H></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
2 C4 }9 D6 l( e8 k6 N{
int status; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>clrscr();
status = mkdir("asdfjklm");
(!status) ? (printf("Directory created\n")) :
6 K$ e/ a  H4 B: D( w7 K(printf("Unable to create directory\n")); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>getch();
system("dir");
7 x0 R% g  q6 i3 `: b& E8 P8 xgetch(); </FONT></P>
( A0 m. D- Q8 W1 U; P<P><FONT color=#0000ff>status = rmdir("asdfjklm");
(!status) ? (printf("Directory deleted\n")) :
' _5 l  f' O! r- J(perror("Unable to delete directory")); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>return 0;
}

; L+ ?5 n$ ?. {3 Z+ H</FONT>
</P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: mktemp </FONT>
功 能: 建立唯一的文件名
用 法: char *mktemp(char *template);
2 t5 {. O" C# J/ `, b& d& q- V程序例: </P>
& {4 w* d5 H- `# H7 L<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <DIR.H>
- q6 j$ Y1 f3 B' @1 l#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
  @: J. r# R; m{
/* fname defines the template for the
temporary file. */ </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>char *fname = "TXXXXXX", *ptr; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>ptr = mktemp(fname);
# H* q) @- ?2 eprintf("%s\n",ptr);
return 0;
3 }' w) G, f1 F% w( \6 v* K}
, S2 q9 ^3 N# i. a5 l</FONT>
</P>
# A! ^  l1 V* a<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: MK_FP </FONT>
7 T3 b& R) b- [' W; e7 C" ]$ q功 能: 设置一个远指针
+ A1 H$ p% k( H% H2 R6 d) q; \用 法: void far *MK_FP(unsigned seg, unsigned off);
8 w- O# ~: b* E' W6 L程序例: </P>
9 Z# m+ B7 c$ |9 Q( s% |! K<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <DOS.H>
! `" w5 D9 F* [8 G) C5 {9 G#include <GRAPHICS.H></FONT></P>
! M& t8 S2 F! M' s<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
% J. a8 d; o0 @3 o4 b{
, r. N# e6 Q6 I$ r8 q# fint gd, gm, i;
unsigned int far *screen; </FONT></P>
! {$ k8 e) [, ~/ A# T<P><FONT color=#0000ff>detectgraph(&amp;gd, &amp;gm);
if (gd == HERCMONO)
screen = MK_FP(0xB000, 0);
0 F6 {8 k5 ?, c6 j* z2 i# [+ ]else
' F& i/ z- S. Rscreen = MK_FP(0xB800, 0);
3 j2 E# J+ p7 _; {& @for (i=0; i&lt;26; i++)
screen = 0x0700 + ('a' + i);
. S3 T1 O, a5 N) `( P$ X) ?! E  Oreturn 0;
& S1 @- M3 R- z7 T$ h  _9 K" S}
8 e9 U/ z: k6 x+ a5 D</FONT>
6 K. P! y) y  T, j% F0 M</P>
* e; V" C* w/ f! x( l<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: modf </FONT>
功 能: 把数分为指数和尾数
用 法: double modf(double value, double *iptr);
程序例: </P>
+ a" p4 ^! }5 b& L<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <MATH.H>
#include <STDIO.H></FONT></P>
6 {8 P/ U3 K  U; ?" x; t( L<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
double fraction, integer;
1 Z' Y' U. g* ^double number = 100000.567; </FONT></P>
4 {% ~0 e; m/ |6 s7 o<P><FONT color=#0000ff>fraction = modf(number, &amp;integer);
printf("The whole and fractional parts of %lf are %lf and %lf\n",
number, integer, fraction);
( `# C) [1 v8 g' l  |: K1 X% `return 0;
} </FONT>
' o; d" H0 N# ^" ~2 ?5 N0 P
8 L4 `5 o! \: s7 D; c</P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: movedata </FONT>
功 能: 拷贝字节
用 法: void movedata(int segsrc, int offsrc, int segdest,
/ K' G! ^! i5 ~  Oint offdest, unsigned numbytes);
  k% L" f$ t- s+ U7 K程序例: </P>
2 ?0 z# ~. x1 l  z- y  c<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <MEM.H></FONT></P>
! S) n( h/ f4 A5 v<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#define MONO_BASE 0xB000 </FONT></P>
- R% ]4 q0 S6 S0 z5 A<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* saves the contents of the monochrome screen in buffer */
+ P: q$ X$ y- j; \6 `1 Y+ p' i2 Q) avoid save_mono_screen(char near *buffer)
{
# Z% A+ W8 ~1 e8 c5 |movedata(MONO_BASE, 0, _DS, (unsigned)buffer, 80*25*2);
} </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
: q9 i$ h6 P' V' M  o4 d5 S* K: ]" Xchar buf[80*25*2];
save_mono_screen(buf);
/ d" E% V8 h- N, p2 ?$ t7 T! Y4 ?}
6 K  t3 j. W5 ]4 i, j# T</FONT>
</P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: moverel </FONT>
  t0 d" \% g' r5 C2 d1 N  t4 r: ~功 能: 将当前位置(CP)移动一相对距离
用 法: void far moverel(int dx, int dy);
程序例: </P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <GRAPHICS.H>
#include <STDLIB.H>
#include <STDIO.H>
* v, p$ u9 W# D' @: ^5 i" E3 q- D$ M#include <CONIO.H></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
/* request auto detection */
int gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
- x- x, n4 p7 L4 Ychar msg[80]; </FONT></P>
  |  R6 L2 m7 F+ k6 O7 \3 u& m" P<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* initialize graphics and local variables */
initgraph(&amp;gdriver, &amp;gmode, ""); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* read result of initialization */
; B4 N3 a; I# |+ K. O: zerrorcode = graphresult();
1 o1 s6 z) x, [2 s! m; Pif (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
" g% _' h5 r1 |{
; x, I" L; \3 a  `' q( [printf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
+ I' V0 {$ F+ Z/ iprintf("Press any key to halt:");
' F  o; I# d* w2 l: vgetch();
exit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
} </FONT></P>
% n' A8 R" b2 W) z+ F9 B& a* A<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* move the C.P. to location (20, 30) */
moveto(20, 30); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
. s/ P5 a4 |1 o5 U4 I0 q/ Q0 {5 iputpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor()); </FONT></P>
. c6 E' v; T2 C; c' b<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* create and output a message at (20, 30) */
6 g/ ~" V0 n: r2 Xsprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
4 x  C5 h9 @; {% Douttextxy(20, 30, msg); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* move to a point a relative distance */
( ^( N- q7 M8 s1 `: G" F8 Z/* away from the current value of C.P. */
moverel(100, 100); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor()); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* create and output a message at C.P. */
sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
) U1 M9 q/ ]$ p5 O4 K- y" V/ q& I" xouttext(msg); </FONT></P>
4 H3 g* r* I  ^<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* clean up */
8 O- L9 W6 Y! W! B; d8 r1 v# Y1 Ugetch();
' t7 y" q. f8 k# f- _. C, d1 H4 Qclosegraph();
: j6 F7 W* ^9 w! Y' Jreturn 0;
}
</FONT>
+ Z' A" F/ [" [/ ?5 o</P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: movetext</FONT>
功 能: 将屏幕文本从一个矩形区域拷贝到另一个矩形区域
用 法: int movetext(int left, int top, int right, int bottom,
int newleft, int newtop);
程序例:
7 N/ ^, _( g  H' E2 \/ y7 u7 y/ m<FONT color=#0000ff>#include <CONIO.H>
+ f5 I7 m- i# O0 s4 E#include <STRING.H></FONT></P>
8 ~, p4 @2 W9 M+ J4 z+ w- k<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
char *str = "This is a test string"; </FONT></P>
) Z3 q# v* F6 w7 \1 ?& r<P><FONT color=#0000ff>clrscr();
9 [) w* X+ ?: v9 }cputs(str);
getch(); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>movetext(1, 1, strlen(str), 2, 10, 10);
getch(); </FONT></P>
& S% }* c  t; a$ w<P><FONT color=#0000ff>return 0;
}
4 v. ?  i1 o. g9 d( @
</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: moveto</FONT>
# R$ R% D& d) @8 u功 能: 将CP移到(x, y)
用 法: void far moveto(int x, int y);
程序例: </P>
4 _& W0 f9 Z+ p4 T  L4 ]<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <GRAPHICS.H>
#include <STDLIB.H>
" M1 y5 K1 Q5 F+ P8 z. p#include <STDIO.H>
: z1 h0 B6 J4 O/ G: H8 x& K#include <CONIO.H></FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
# m; B0 i* u% O( l4 P1 E{
( R+ d" r; l/ y* |/* request auto detection */
& V8 I8 N" R% M, ?) R7 C4 L* B. K6 Nint gdriver = DETECT, gmode, errorcode;
char msg[80]; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* initialize graphics and local variables */
. t: J, ^7 W( T" linitgraph(&amp;gdriver, &amp;gmode, ""); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* read result of initialization */
errorcode = graphresult();
+ I. @5 `, K9 Y' `+ N! ]9 u7 g6 Yif (errorcode != grOk) /* an error occurred */
8 p9 G+ u! B% P8 R5 l3 j2 h{
; b6 @# V1 e3 G# Vprintf("Graphics error: %s\n", grapherrormsg(errorcode));
0 N% m7 }2 [  m3 A$ U3 A+ ~2 Kprintf("Press any key to halt:");
$ u% f2 k! ~. J9 qgetch();
( n& _: f/ T' Qexit(1); /* terminate with an error code */
" [# G& h9 B, A1 M+ P/ N% T  N" z7 ^} </FONT></P>
% M" r  A! z* n: Q$ g+ K<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* move the C.P. to location (20, 30) */
) E$ B/ E+ o. Smoveto(20, 30); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor()); </FONT></P>
5 i/ {* \/ p* s; }- r. t+ k<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* create and output a message at (20, 30) */
9 {4 f( E) c( T5 I: b7 m# Msprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
outtextxy(20, 30, msg); </FONT></P>
) r' W' r/ C4 ]  O' T<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* move to (100, 100) */
moveto(100, 100); </FONT></P>
2 P0 O: [- i8 J. h8 g<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* plot a pixel at the C.P. */
putpixel(getx(), gety(), getmaxcolor()); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* create and output a message at C.P. */
sprintf(msg, " (%d, %d)", getx(), gety());
( j% A. j/ q3 J3 V/ ~* i7 Uouttext(msg); </FONT></P>
: B+ e: R8 y  r0 i( B<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* clean up */
1 t: J7 C6 v" K, C$ r  ^% Kgetch();
7 x, n! o+ h# O6 L0 Nclosegraph();
return 0;
, Z& M3 R. x8 b1 _+ e/ q: j}
</FONT>
; a. K' k( I# J7 s0 h0 {2 e/ o</P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: movemem </FONT>
功 能: 移动一块字节
$ m4 A3 [/ D: f" F+ r4 @, ?  C用 法: void movemem(void *source, void *destin, unsigned len);
8 w, O/ [. h$ |# V$ e: C8 b) |程序例: </P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <MEM.H>
#include <ALLOC.H>
#include <STDIO.H>
#include <STRING.H></FONT></P>
9 N  W" P* H5 _/ g! `<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
7 D5 g. |5 k2 p% ]/ [char *source = "Borland International";
$ Z+ H1 S- t# n% ]; k! h/ ?char *destination;
int length; </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>length = strlen(source);
+ q) d7 X: Q$ b4 l' K- ndestination = malloc(length + 1);
movmem(source,destination,length);
& ]% ^, b* G( e! M9 cprintf("%s\n",destination); </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>return 0;
}

</FONT></P>
, k- z) v* |' T+ K/ f<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: normvideo </FONT>
功 能: 选择正常亮度字符
用 法: void normvideo(void);
程序例: </P>
+ @- F! d5 m% u- a<P><FONT color=#0000ff>#include <CONIO.H></FONT></P>
7 X* s4 V$ I' T8 H  V: `3 S5 V  E<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
{
normvideo();
# }* X' W- b* R: ]cprintf("NORMAL Intensity Text\r\n");
return 0;
7 R7 s0 J: b4 {+ Z}

</FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#ff0000>函数名: nosound</FONT>
9 _8 H2 W* M; e1 c5 U功 能: 关闭PC扬声器
用 法: void nosound(void);
程序例: </P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>/* Emits a 7-Hz tone for 10 seconds. </FONT></P>
: L$ M4 t" D. P<P><FONT color=#0000ff>True story: 7 Hz is the resonant frequency of a chicken's skull cavity.
This was determined empirically in Australia, where a new factory
generating 7-Hz tones was located too close to a chicken ranch:
When the factory started up, all the chickens died. </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>Your PC may not be able to emit a 7-Hz tone.
*/ </FONT></P>
<P><FONT color=#0000ff>int main(void)
) S  X; p( N2 _{
' ]% i/ V, d9 v0 t7 J3 Fsound(7);
* a% t; n1 ?- @. r; x2 Wdelay(10000);
nosound();
}
</FONT></P>