< >熟悉<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER 2000</FONT>的数据库管理员都知道,其<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>可以进行数据的导入导出,其实,我们也可以使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出操作。在<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句中,我们主要使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">OpenDataSource</FONT>函数、<FONT face="Times New Roman">OPENROWSET </FONT>函数,关于函数的详细说明,请参考<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>联机帮助。利用下述方法,可以十分容易地实现<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>数据转换,详细说明如下:<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> 3 R L+ D, O/ ^< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 ?$ {* w; ~8 @0 e# z" \3 o
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>一、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>的数据导入导出</P>8 A {8 t h5 ^8 a! z5 w
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 8 d% i6 x% Q' \8 n0 j: j< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>常规的数据导入导出:使用<FONT face="Times New Roman">DTS</FONT>向导迁移你的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>数据到<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL Server</FONT>,你可以使用这些步骤:</P> : |7 v2 C& x) Y6 b; {7 S< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 5 `2 i" i j: j# O1 ]< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>企业管理器中的<FONT face="Times New Roman">Tools</FONT>(工具)菜单上,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data Transformation</FONT></P>1 S' C) I* X2 ]
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 4 Y3 N; x& U" B7 `% i; N9 F$ f< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2Services</FONT>(数据转换服务),然后选择<FONT face="Times New Roman"> czdImport Data</FONT>(导入数据)。</P>5 m, {& ]9 O, h' G1 }
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 f& o+ \2 e L d) |7 i0 l+ _
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Data Source</FONT>(选择数据源)对话框中选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft Access as the Source</FONT>,然后键入你的。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>数据库(。<FONT face="Times New Roman">mdb</FONT>文件扩展名)的文件名或通过浏览寻找该文件。</P> 1 ~! E* B |8 F, j( B( J9 {1 |< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>/ z: X& V! n; ?% K- y
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Choose a Destination</FONT>(选择目标)对话框中,选择<FONT face="Times New Roman">Microsoft OLE</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">DB Prov ider for SQL</FONT> <FONT face="Times New Roman">Server</FONT>,选择数据库服务器,然后单击必要的验证方式。</P> * J B0 b9 m3 C& T W1 p< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 9 J1 n2 l' y* g! S. X: d3 h8 S9 E5 x< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 5</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Specify Table Copy</FONT>(指定表格复制)或<FONT face="Times New Roman">Query</FONT>(查询)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Copy tables</FONT>(复制表格)。</P>' V# G% G& u, x n# A
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< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 6</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select Source Tables</FONT>(选择源表格)对话框中,单击<FONT face="Times New Roman">Select All</FONT>(全部选定)。下一步,完成。</P> 9 O/ d0 Y1 I$ u5 f8 j1 b- m< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> . `: N- m0 h3 B' x< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> Transact-SQL</FONT>语句进行导入导出:</P> # e5 B& k( S: t; c< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>9 }5 b9 b1 U7 |, V/ f: H
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1.</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>数据:</P> $ o+ u. \ l: O' V' R. t< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>5 w p5 u- k+ `3 _2 R) g3 n ~
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\'</FONT>)……表名</P>5 Z- `( m* `2 {( d! j
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> - z* y. W% S9 W( ~6 r% }5 ]< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">access</FONT>导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server</FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P>5 |/ d1 ~8 b9 A0 T1 f0 }" ?
< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> , |6 |: ^$ g( [2 Y O1 |' P< ><FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * INTO newtable FROM OPENDATASOURCE </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">assword=\\\' </FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> 0 S5 b0 a0 N4 D4 ~3 n< ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>$ e* a1 \4 w" e8 H, F1 a6 N
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3.</FONT>将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>表里的数据插入到<FONT face="Times New Roman">Access</FONT>表中在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>里运行:</P> # c, T: I% t0 R* p4 H<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>! U0 l5 c, y" b0 P* O" o2 M
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source=" c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DB.mdb"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=\\\'</FONT>)……表名<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>(列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select </FONT>列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,列名<FONT face="Times New Roman">2 from sql</FONT>表<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> B* w! M4 Z4 }3 k1 Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 9 H) g, }) K3 m9 u<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">insert into OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\db.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Test</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> select id</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">name from Test</FONT></P> ; |2 s9 t5 r; }* L2 j<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>' k$ N9 R+ e8 S A3 w# P
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> INSERT INTO OPENROWSET</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\trade.mdb\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'admin\\\'</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>表名)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM sqltablename</FONT></P>- D, G3 h8 _6 ~9 d" ^
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>: i9 ?5 [$ ^1 c) `( v+ j" ^
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>二、<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER </FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>的数据导入导出</P> 7 W! ~& K, s. M1 p4 M<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>+ H4 ]: v2 _( a# y3 i* a6 x( [
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 1</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里查询<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>数据:</P> 0 l" S& {6 q- X) r7 T0 G% X<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>0 ~% e* v& R, S/ g
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P> 8 {: q* L, \8 @8 p' K9 I9 k<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 N% b, D7 r) O- s. P7 U2 C5 i
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>下面是个查询的示例,它通过用于<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Jet </FONT>的<FONT face="Times New Roman"> OLE DB </FONT>提供程序查询<FONT face="Times New Roman"> Excel </FONT>电子表格。</P>3 T0 Z1 n% u7 T) K5 r4 Q
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>2 A0 E( i* u2 l% F
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P> 9 T( A( A, k/ p6 {<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>" `/ L& p' _' s* N. }1 d4 X
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 2</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>的数据导入<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL server </FONT>:</P>1 i& N# V& l3 D T
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P># P- E( n4 R% ~5 b- p' A
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\book1.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Sheet1$] </FONT></P> . D3 i, ?, f$ p) `; Z<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>6 t% N1 b% s- F( m* X2 B
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">SELECT * into newtable FROM OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Finance\\\\account.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xactions</FONT></P>0 m* w' X; w8 s; H1 p& ?% s
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> " w# r. G; [; L) M<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 3</FONT>、将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>中查询到的数据导成一个<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>文件<FONT face="Times New Roman">T-SQL</FONT>代码:</P> 3 }7 G/ B- ?% L. ~& @( ^ k! S<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> / M; m0 R& K% }! p* j<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""\\\'</FONT>参数:<FONT face="Times New Roman">S </FONT>是<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL</FONT>服务器名;<FONT face="Times New Roman">U</FONT>是用户;<FONT face="Times New Roman">P</FONT>是密码说明:还可以导出文本文件等多种格式<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> - V* ^% M) I: h4 L<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>- a+ z8 i& t4 t8 Y8 t" o
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>实例:<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"\\\' </FONT></P> # D3 b, ~! V8 o7 ?5 ~<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> . f# C) e# P/ U/ ?- I" b3 h<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> EXEC master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT au_fname</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> au_lname FROM pubs</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'</FONT></P>+ {5 ]0 W0 U. {
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> . M' B% X; ^9 |7 Q* K6 |) Q<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>在<FONT face="Times New Roman">VB6</FONT>中应用<FONT face="Times New Roman">ADO</FONT>导出<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>文件代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">Dim cn As New ADODB.Connection cn.open "Driver={SQL Server}</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Server=WEBSVR</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">DataBase=WebMis</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">UID=sa</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">WD=123</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">" cn.execute "master</FONT>……<FONT face="Times New Roman">xp_cmdshell \\\'bcp "SELECT col1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> col2 FROM </FONT>库名。<FONT face="Times New Roman">dbo.</FONT>表名<FONT face="Times New Roman">" queryout E</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\DT.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword\\\'" </FONT></P>' u* R: D; {0 T7 r' m t+ j
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 8 R# W# J8 O8 e' h k/ |<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> 4</FONT>、在<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>里往<FONT face="Times New Roman">Excel</FONT>插入数据:</P>' ?. ^& c2 k5 k
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P>* g# o; P$ ]& c7 p
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> insert into OpenDataSource</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Data Source="c</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\Temp.xls"</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">User ID=Admin</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Password=</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Extended properties=Excel 5.0\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">table1 </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">A1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">A3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> values </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">1</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">2</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">3</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT></P> , \* h& i+ h, J/ s. O' ~<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> ( ^' ?* m1 e- e2 a+ i<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> T-SQL</FONT>代码:<FONT face="Times New Roman">INSERT INTO OPENDATASOURCE</FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0\\\'</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0</FONT>;<FONT face="Times New Roman">Data source=C</FONT>:<FONT face="Times New Roman">\\\\training\\\\inventur.xls\\\'</FONT>)……<FONT face="Times New Roman">[Filiale1$] </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">bestand</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> produkt</FONT>)<FONT face="Times New Roman"> VALUES </FONT>(<FONT face="Times New Roman">20</FONT>,<FONT face="Times New Roman"> \\\'Test\\\'</FONT>)</P>" j* Z7 S2 f7 u) T
<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> <p></p></FONT></P> 5 H9 I- Y) b* C8 b: Y% d. q$ d7 \<P ><FONT face="Times New Roman"> </FONT>总结:利用以上语句,我们可以方便地将<FONT face="Times New Roman">SQL SERVER</FONT>、<FONT face="Times New Roman">ACCESS</FONT>和<FONT face="Times New Roman">EXCEL</FONT>电子表格软件中的数据进行转换,为我们提供了极大方便!</P>