. S+ g( j$ S" X4 n" H: e1 U与马尔可夫链预测互补,至少有两个点需要信息的传递,ARMA模型,周期模型,季节模型等3 e6 j$ G7 @/ m5 A2 }/ C 7 L4 }/ m/ S7 s2 i9 h$ v
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+ o2 o T) R' l! R9 cclc,clear8 i% d' Z. H! b
y=[533.8 574.6 606.9 649.8 705.1 772.0 816.4 892.7 963.9 1015.1 P: a$ n4 W1 `+ ^
1102.7]; . e) A! M7 f3 |. {8 I1 Mm=length(y); 5 t7 ^8 n5 y& E9 X) N9 Un=[4,5]; %n 为移动平均的项数 3 p+ Q6 x$ k5 ifor i=1:length(n) ( y- `9 A+ J+ k% d7 U& a" I%由于n 的取值不同,yhat 的长度不一致,下面使用了细胞数组% \- H6 m# A3 C5 ^6 P+ O
for j=1:m-n(i)+1$ K+ p1 A8 N# ^& l
yhat{i}(j)=sum(y(j:j+n(i)-1))/n(i);! d. r8 F+ z, I/ ~# \
end % E8 L$ O* n/ [$ ^# q# {y12(i)=yhat{i}(end);, R* A2 Z5 a8 e. T8 i
s(i)=sqrt(mean((y(n(i)+1:m)-yhat{i}(1:end-1)).^2)); * T4 f- i. T2 Lend' \7 ] H2 R5 ?- @% G5 c
y12,s" l# \! Q' e, D( S8 K! r6 v1 v
2 }( ^( p: {% _6 i! u# h0 g ) c) U' b4 L0 P1 O! d1 K8 o" E % n1 O) c% M+ z4 \ , Z. z( n- I0 a6 s- ?, [ * p5 J) w P4 q& |y=[6.35 6.20 6.22 6.66 7.15 7.89 8.72 8.94 9.28& _' s% }9 o* W2 ]8 M
9.8];0 [% o o" I8 c% l6 n( n
w=[1/6;2/6;3/6]; ' U$ K7 I. f1 R( {% |9 e- t- mm=length(y);n=3;% Y: B T9 {7 ? l) r
for i=1:m-n+1 / ^9 V/ R/ o. ?3 X" {; Qyhat(i)=y(i:i+n-1)*w; 2 f3 A% p7 V; r. h- dend. v+ |2 `+ G- [6 B, P2 }
yhat; U W1 K( r2 @2 @# k+ q
err=abs(y(n+1:m)-yhat(1:end-1))./y(n+1:m) - M# L, L! b6 D: E" ET_err=1-sum(yhat(1:end-1))/sum(y(n+1:m)) ! C! Z0 V$ ^) q- G ly1989=yhat(end)/(1-T_err): Q L, c4 P" v4 W' A
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" o: q- M2 ~# l " U! {* ^& P) t ) p+ t: N* F1 C& [, n. Q # P* [. \* F, U0 o: B% { d8 c6 r5 V) Q$ R- e- B) G. z 1 H$ Z# H1 M, l / c# K$ \* D# a. D& z% |9 a$ U8 k# w6 i9 ?9 w P* t
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/ R) W3 T; g( \- G! \, X9 ^' X+ W , Z+ t) z- D$ t" n( [" q' R
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0 }: o7 |3 @7 ?& \& h- ~# Z # {- B- y M3 y% k# W0 }3 a7 ~, } c8 i% o* e& Y @) c( I# I5 p& U% u 5 M5 n2 R/ y9 k7 ]clc,clear$ {9 `+ k9 R0 N. t1 ^( t9 Q* K
load fadian.txt %原始数据以列向量的方式存放在纯文本文件中/ d8 U9 V$ i% S6 ~. i1 Q" g6 c
yt=fadian; n=length(yt);$ Q2 v. k7 w/ s) R$ R7 n4 k8 u
alpha=0.3; st1(1)=yt(1); st2(1)=yt(1);- N% x. k2 g& d) C
for i=2:n5 a9 U# b6 H/ e6 c
st1(i)=alpha*yt(i)+(1-alpha)*st1(i-1); " ^- i) o7 R; _7 `! A0 tst2(i)=alpha*st1(i)+(1-alpha)*st2(i-1); / e6 z6 R; o) g4 Z7 K, _6 Dend; k7 g1 S' b- z, _( u) e
xlswrite('fadian.xls',[st1',st2'])5 ~; I) u1 ^+ r
a=2*st1-st2 0 x) y9 B! @6 y1 R+ p* Ib=alpha/(1-alpha)*(st1-st2)( g! @9 x& j+ J7 O8 S' Y; Y
yhat=a+b; 8 {8 n( y) G& m2 s8 Y# @' Hxlswrite('fadian.xls',yhat','Sheet1','C2') 4 w8 d; n& ~: v. H- X/ c" Astr=char(['C',int2str(n+2)]); & _8 S* V% @! {7 w: L, J7 \$ {xlswrite('fadian.xls',a(n)+2*b(n),'Sheet1',str)3 E- v7 }( l, }% u6 d
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clc,clear 5 D- f/ }. q+ }4 C- b% Rload touzi.txt %原始数据以列向量的方式存放在纯文本文件中 m8 J& {- G& F9 R* y1 a- s- {- xyt=touzi; n=length(yt); 3 k/ X: s5 [- }* z Ralpha=0.3; st1_0=mean(yt(1:3)); st2_0=st1_0;st3_0=st1_0;4 v! f6 l% t/ M, _
st1(1)=alpha*yt(1)+(1-alpha)*st1_0;; o1 Q n1 U; h) Q* n
st2(1)=alpha*st1(1)+(1-alpha)*st2_0;/ Z; X. X2 n* B: W/ [; d% }
st3(1)=alpha*st2(1)+(1-alpha)*st3_0; & D' G+ D4 x0 _9 T# y# pfor i=2:n% y* z9 s* O1 y M' h+ n
st1(i)=alpha*yt(i)+(1-alpha)*st1(i-1); / _9 v( ]7 Q( J% {- \( x" `& Ist2(i)=alpha*st1(i)+(1-alpha)*st2(i-1); 6 _3 Y6 e/ A+ I! [; t/ a# ]! K) Ist3(i)=alpha*st2(i)+(1-alpha)*st3(i-1); 1 Y' a* F5 @6 _+ ~4 vend8 d9 P i1 b' C' a* p5 h, s7 e
xlswrite('touzi.xls',[st1',st2',st3']) 2 J. k3 _4 P8 a5 K {. Kst1=[st1_0,st1];st2=[st2_0,st2];st3=[st3_0,st3];8 C; H( l6 R' ]
a=3*st1-3*st2+st3;6 F3 K0 t/ ?! `& j7 s
b=0.5*alpha/(1-alpha)^2*((6-5*alpha)*st1-2*(5-4*alpha)*st2+(4-3*alpha)*st3);% k* d* N! A7 b% u% A" n
c=0.5*alpha^2/(1-alpha)^2*(st1-2*st2+st3);$ ^5 V/ K6 z5 E1 e- s! w0 X9 b7 X
yhat=a+b+c;0 e9 y4 `: [/ S; }! W2 d5 ?
xlswrite('touzi.xls',yhat','Sheet1','D1') / ? c! D# h4 e# R' bplot(1:n,yt,'*',1:n,yhat(1:n),'O')% k; v( `0 [/ C% D
legend('实际值','预测值',2) , {5 z! `6 q1 K) I9 h( [/ }xishu=[c(n+1),b(n+1),a(n+1)]; 1 z1 \% a; U* }yhat1990=polyval(xishu,2)+ N' _: ^/ E {. G) U3 y
6 A) O) l9 m/ N8 C# b' P/ i5 Y" P ( D8 n5 J# X( t6 h8 X. ^+ G" X# i. \! M* Y! K1 A- ]) \! { 4 B$ s. _% y/ N: z" h2 y: H8 O. g4 g ) L" r7 \2 Y- s, d1 ^) ]7 l# r . ]9 M4 l5 {6 y. P) Q1 w& k+ q8 C, B. I5 ?, \ # Z8 H' ?1 H4 N* K 3 S' R# d8 x# C5 E5 [' {9 v0 @ 3 g( H4 \+ T1 T1 \ " m: ?: x, M8 d8 p4 N3 T$ w; } }- x $ Q) B( R# V3 {, ]! E( k, C; w" \ F G % K) M+ t1 }' @. n. n' T$ L- W* y# A2 `" ` 8 _- a' Y& b1 H4 r/ T s- }$ v8 R1 {) H5 J9 K 1 V9 @+ J! `2 a) u; k: v( N8 w ; G5 L4 A" |3 | i 1 `* D4 Z/ h7 |' d% G $ U5 z$ W( H: ]1 _! e . Y" s. ?8 c+ n: I x+ k3 k( B) l* q5 {, Y" M3 p & T2 b; f2 a% J Z9 o ' |8 r7 E5 ?; { X2 ]9 _2 O# o' U3 Q& E: v, _ [2 [ : I: b8 q+ s! G; ]; Q7 o$ M7 j\7 W/ c; k4 p$ Y$ G7 v* {, C4 S ; _9 F) Z1 s; u' ], z 8 l% H, A, P+ U4 a1 [/ W5 V 2 \) b ~, {3 I1 y& p/ p- t, t1 l( ` K$ a$ s . V2 H. j5 G2 r1 u; b8 G) g. v$ d* {) ]3 ^ l1 P 1 ~' A' y C; m% k# L6 S' ~+ S/ x9 j2 t' L4 m1 s" a# z1 m1 K # X0 K) D- m5 T, Y1 ^ 4 A4 O' ]2 ^" o/ ^: Y # l, W* M3 C5 e. ~; `: `9 Y% ~' }: {6 Q d6 R$ I( X. U& N/ J* } . p0 r% b8 ]4 X4 G# v8 t" d ( d% A5 a. {, H) L U+ w3 s! O5 d+ q6 W( B/ \ ( [5 c* a9 ~/ M7 g* f G% ] & L5 [$ p9 n: T9 P ) W6 d3 I6 ?. C$ O % c7 s& X4 M% \9 a6 @$ I ; s& r* a6 ~0 u