时间序列预测(必须掌握)4 n1 s' Y- B) M
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与马尔可夫链预测互补,至少有两个点需要信息的传递,ARMA模型,周期模型,季节模型等 5 ]5 f1 t& f4 \, ^$ `" B6 b: X7 }# Z2 U' {+ c" {9 d( r, E" t) ]0 y) f
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clc,clear 6 q0 x- w6 D- @8 @y=[533.8 574.6 606.9 649.8 705.1 772.0 816.4 892.7 963.9 1015.19 t" _! p& }4 s$ V7 F
1102.7]; " ?0 I m( | c1 Vm=length(y); + M/ J7 X8 f# P/ |/ ^1 V4 Cn=[4,5]; %n 为移动平均的项数 % \9 _ x: U9 @& i. ufor i=1:length(n) # C2 \ K+ k$ d* m+ b! n( M%由于n 的取值不同,yhat 的长度不一致,下面使用了细胞数组3 X7 w2 G3 W1 l5 S9 x& f6 q- J
for j=1:m-n(i)+16 S- a. p* F6 N+ l3 `4 Q/ D
yhat{i}(j)=sum(y(j:j+n(i)-1))/n(i); ( [# e( u4 j/ c9 w, _4 Rend 4 v: s) `8 f8 A) s& g: C/ Jy12(i)=yhat{i}(end);6 m2 j8 `, z3 h' ^ \
s(i)=sqrt(mean((y(n(i)+1:m)-yhat{i}(1:end-1)).^2));9 p6 G9 B; Q2 I2 s. C- ^
end ( s9 y: K6 I; r" W6 T: ]: py12,s 6 u( v. d% @6 N# ?: A0 A ( x9 l# _3 {% Z6 j" L4 g3 C9 @8 ^# U$ w3 d6 p- c1 q
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y=[6.35 6.20 6.22 6.66 7.15 7.89 8.72 8.94 9.28 5 n) ~# }( b* ?9 {$ q, k3 A9.8];) J- l8 m, `( Y0 Q# k
w=[1/6;2/6;3/6];1 M; b/ G1 L4 K) p/ l- p: B8 v
m=length(y);n=3;* v2 L1 _2 U5 _. o8 Y( M
for i=1:m-n+1 : }0 n: I0 K5 i6 O# h$ B- \yhat(i)=y(i:i+n-1)*w; 1 f# R% @( n) h: U/ l2 U2 tend ; x l; K* Z4 N6 r# ?yhat 0 e- X8 [7 y9 J1 r- werr=abs(y(n+1:m)-yhat(1:end-1))./y(n+1:m)3 Y) t0 F% b/ `) \
T_err=1-sum(yhat(1:end-1))/sum(y(n+1:m)) 8 K2 }3 S2 ~1 V1 o& E1 B( Fy1989=yhat(end)/(1-T_err)1 p" W! g6 j% m
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: c' r- w/ \3 \2 m 0 b( n G L( j9 p* R1 J! c " i7 x1 m$ R5 q* R9 V O5 A+ ^; O/ a) ~ T+ H ?/ Q ! G; A% m& H5 c5 ~2 H8 @; u" eclc,clear ; R/ a$ f6 g# j7 v2 E; P6 A7 N5 R, `4 {load fadian.txt %原始数据以列向量的方式存放在纯文本文件中 $ m; @$ R4 f4 @) Gyt=fadian; n=length(yt);' w6 N$ \! J# {6 a4 [
alpha=0.3; st1(1)=yt(1); st2(1)=yt(1); ! G: u4 x+ J- d) w% A" Zfor i=2:n : P& r6 ]# j; D& v; t U, lst1(i)=alpha*yt(i)+(1-alpha)*st1(i-1); % a F* Y$ S0 T9 |- s5 est2(i)=alpha*st1(i)+(1-alpha)*st2(i-1);9 |4 V; ]& M3 b# Z
end* B' K! L4 y. b: u
xlswrite('fadian.xls',[st1',st2'])& T- ?; {% N- b" p) W7 Y. K" O
a=2*st1-st28 @* m5 B: H8 m9 t( y# D5 r/ E
b=alpha/(1-alpha)*(st1-st2) 9 n. Q% V2 v, Zyhat=a+b;4 W0 h0 ~) \- Z/ @8 s) `: e1 m
xlswrite('fadian.xls',yhat','Sheet1','C2'): S9 A# x) l: }7 y7 P
str=char(['C',int2str(n+2)]);$ M* V; g7 j- i1 k4 B+ r) `
xlswrite('fadian.xls',a(n)+2*b(n),'Sheet1',str) - m* v- Q: V' ?4 @! B- W, R8 {! @( |( o + i4 h. O0 f; v, _: N6 W0 j3 H: t& g0 \) v* D1 M: o3 y " H* T3 f/ Q, v 6 \ n% ]5 {% v) z$ B4 G% m; l6 ^7 C% r: D
clc,clear 6 v; M# ?# u; Q' o6 V2 |! [load touzi.txt %原始数据以列向量的方式存放在纯文本文件中) c+ ^7 X1 K6 G- l* @: z/ F
yt=touzi; n=length(yt); % L& Q5 V0 O# L0 N/ Valpha=0.3; st1_0=mean(yt(1:3)); st2_0=st1_0;st3_0=st1_0; $ q; _% C$ E+ q; _, h+ Y9 N& A* tst1(1)=alpha*yt(1)+(1-alpha)*st1_0;, g3 [9 g- B" [# h. U: j
st2(1)=alpha*st1(1)+(1-alpha)*st2_0;4 R' V& T% k+ x6 m2 q
st3(1)=alpha*st2(1)+(1-alpha)*st3_0; 1 [7 k# S# x' A, F; kfor i=2:n' T" h* s( N( C7 n+ N
st1(i)=alpha*yt(i)+(1-alpha)*st1(i-1);9 V3 d m' \% L: a s
st2(i)=alpha*st1(i)+(1-alpha)*st2(i-1);9 B" k! g, Q; m' x
st3(i)=alpha*st2(i)+(1-alpha)*st3(i-1);7 Z6 a% n" g4 K0 o' a8 W4 i% n& D
end+ |1 r9 B' h; y; U
xlswrite('touzi.xls',[st1',st2',st3']) L) k. K% @! i$ ?! M! Hst1=[st1_0,st1];st2=[st2_0,st2];st3=[st3_0,st3];% V* y' E" l1 e2 l
a=3*st1-3*st2+st3;) z' q7 f [. I2 L+ Z( o- {$ q
b=0.5*alpha/(1-alpha)^2*((6-5*alpha)*st1-2*(5-4*alpha)*st2+(4-3*alpha)*st3); 6 T! Q5 X3 O. F* K/ ~1 Y/ F% Zc=0.5*alpha^2/(1-alpha)^2*(st1-2*st2+st3); 1 b( c3 w* W% B' s: _! w Syhat=a+b+c; 2 p) m" b' M1 y3 wxlswrite('touzi.xls',yhat','Sheet1','D1')/ ]% [/ _1 I! m) b+ ]# ^
plot(1:n,yt,'*',1:n,yhat(1:n),'O') 5 v2 O- Q$ y5 H* Y8 S6 _9 W, klegend('实际值','预测值',2) " i* Y/ I5 V, P( n3 G: q5 pxishu=[c(n+1),b(n+1),a(n+1)]; & k0 g% l/ P! A8 @ M/ f' nyhat1990=polyval(xishu,2)3 N% \, B/ @/ U
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