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TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2020-7-12 09:52 |
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签到天数: 116 天 [LV.6]常住居民II 管理员
 群组: 2018教师培训(呼和浩 群组: 2017-05-04 量化投资实 群组: 2017“草原杯”夏令营 群组: 2018美赛冲刺培训 群组: 2017 田老师国赛冲刺课 |
MATLAB 并不需要任何类型的声明或维度报表。 MATLAB 每当遇到一个新的变量名称,创建变量,并分配适当的内存空间。' s( r9 A) M9 L0 e$ G
6 b A) R: Q r$ @( M7 n如果变量已经存在,则MATLAB替换以新的内容的原始内容,并分配新的存储空间,在必要的情况下。
# n& \' K$ g, L, t7 K9 H0 R" p# g4 M7 S' V" b. u7 w q, n
例如,% m2 f; R% M% M* D" E* [( \
3 S1 X. I. M/ {/ ATotal = 42
; M" u) i. e' W# h, `; k/ j% A! p上述语句创建了一个名为“Total” 的 1-1 矩阵存储值42。
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MATLAB中可用的数据类型
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MATLAB 提供15个基本数据类型。每种数据类型的数据存储在矩阵或阵列的形式。这个矩阵的大小或阵列是一个最低 0-0,这可以长大为任何规模大小的矩阵或数组。
7 w! e ?1 Y0 q, _, N2 ~1 c/ n9 K- X8 V( k8 V" a' s, G# ?/ J# b
下表显示了在 MATLAB 中最常用的数据类型:
. G/ B- s! K" D2 c1 Z# L! F7 k9 F6 w }: b- N+ \
数据类型 描述4 s( P: V+ }) j& [1 U! H7 T
int8 8-bit signed integer4 U6 ]. w- C6 i; f! U) w2 }0 m
uint8 8-bit unsigned integer8 ?* D/ _7 U- x, m \( F# }. S
int16 16-bit signed integer
5 [% Z. }" Z* K7 @1 E+ ^uint16 16-bit unsigned integer
; w9 P) @8 J1 c, E6 Z$ r* m, Zint32 32-bit signed integer! Z: w# t$ v! W) E5 h: L% X
uint32 32-bit unsigned integer& n: y) s/ N3 \5 Y" u% X
int64 64-bit signed integer% a% k+ C: L3 Z; A2 l" d
uint64 64-bit unsigned integer }6 z; |* y7 ~
single single precision numerical data% V! Z* m9 S) T8 G" `% `% n/ o
double double precision numerical data6 h" g0 b6 L: ?: G: N
logical logical values of 1 or 0, represent true and false respectively# _2 b x2 \+ L$ Q* r! k4 D3 }
char character data (strings are stored as vector of characters)0 @9 Q2 }! }0 [, @( t+ D7 e
cell array array of indexed cells, each capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
$ L! o3 E6 M) [1 Y8 Estructure C-like structures, each structure having named fields capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type# x1 L w$ A3 A
function handle yiibaier to a function
: m, t |! c! L4 h5 Zuser classes objects constructed from a user-defined class
/ R! Y& }' A' p. E1 bjava classes objects constructed from a Java class
+ S6 [# K$ t6 K0 Z. L8 |# a n例子
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创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:
- ] P- L8 D; `3 G2 f7 z3 D% e: G! O$ p7 Z/ p) Z. E- r
str = 'Hello World!'
- W. a4 V8 X0 P) x: rn = 2345
1 S/ d/ c; _2 h/ W b: xd = double(n)
5 B1 C2 ~' ^7 Tun = uint32(789.50)
* w% _0 M4 `5 Z3 brn = 5678.92347
4 g- N8 [/ e# y" y- a# y* H0 Bc = int32(rn)" [( N7 z& h: z( u; v# b. K
上面的代码编译和执行时,它会产生以下结果:
* O) t4 Q5 p5 _' ^( @+ ]# F
8 w: V' m! u4 F$ kstr =2 W% j7 h8 u i$ B
Hello World!9 }5 V8 ?/ U' f8 f$ @# T
n =
. ~ J8 I; ?- s; N$ v I$ b 23456 i* R, C3 H, z3 [) ]
d =* z" q y) t) e% I0 k7 Z( M) a
2345: Q. U( A. K* c, @6 ^
un =
7 r+ k% D- [$ s 790' k$ ^* h% J, v3 e: M$ Z* Z" C5 m3 E
rn =% B& q8 o, H0 S0 N' r1 I W
5.6789e+03
2 b2 {; K n# N( ic =
$ }( `3 i, e6 m- H 5679
- D: r: s% C" f0 @数据类型转换) b! b5 M9 I' F: ~7 d$ o2 o
9 X( C+ G( J2 J9 D0 SMATLAB 提供各种函数,用于从一种数据类型转换到另一种。下表显示的数据类型转换函数:
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函数 目的/作用5 w! C: y j i
char Convert to character array (string)$ G! r. a/ J; d' g4 I
int2str Convert integer data to string
+ x' q c- U# k8 f8 {mat2str Convert matrix to string O6 u# P! W% k4 B
num2str Convert number to string9 Y" R, H' X( t4 J) A. O! k
str2double Convert string to double-precision value
2 u' @! N1 b4 T& Zstr2num Convert string to number* b1 a }/ o7 u, g" U; o
native2unicode Convert numeric bytes to Unicode characters
: l6 z% [' k* `unicode2native Convert Unicode characters to numeric bytes
- O1 u/ g4 n9 u! j4 tbase2dec Convert base N number string to decimal number
1 x+ V8 x7 d0 I' T% Ybin2dec Convert binary number string to decimal number! R% h% ~. e9 l1 X6 f5 r
dec2base Convert decimal to base N number in string3 T, t9 H# V- K/ ~1 s
dec2bin Convert decimal to binary number in string
) F# S5 ]6 @# e0 Zdec2hex Convert decimal to hexadecimal number in string* t, R: ~0 }5 a
hex2dec Convert hexadecimal number string to decimal number1 E# x$ C& Y! L* Y% z5 K
hex2num Convert hexadecimal number string to double-precision number. h' a; C) F* ?1 X3 s- D
num2hex Convert singles and doubles to IEEE hexadecimal strings
* }. }, {1 r+ A7 [+ |: ^, Ncell2mat Convert cell array to numeric array* f1 b0 I! r4 M
cell2struct Convert cell array to structure array
0 T) X5 H7 `9 n! X9 D2 mcellstr Create cell array of strings from character array: ?$ p+ K. u2 m& S! f+ I) ?
mat2cell Convert array to cell array with potentially different sized cells
0 \+ h( u- m: E$ X& N! d$ H5 @num2cell Convert array to cell array with consistently sized cells
$ g- g4 M0 M, n5 A |& ]struct2cell Convert structure to cell array/ }% n) S( E3 j0 D% W l$ p! f0 O
测定的数据类型
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MATLAB 提供各种函数标识数据类型的变量。# S7 ?/ c' ?$ T' N4 f: r
+ S# r- ]/ h3 p9 a2 c" T' [
下表提供了确定一个变量的数据类型的函数:- [' y3 \8 G- r3 G7 r8 L) u
5 |8 p* ~! R* w% K* \# _8 x8 ^% d, h/ Z函数 目的/作用" v. I7 K* p; h( r
is Detect state
6 C \1 i' ]. e2 S# q- z2 oisa Determine if input is object of specified class
7 `6 {) Q( G6 Uiscell Determine whether input is cell array
, U' \+ C/ U D# Wiscellstr Determine whether input is cell array of strings
6 b: B6 B; \3 z; K3 G8 Lischar Determine whether item is character array
' G' J: m! D I3 r Pisfield Determine whether input is structure array field, W$ o& U& ]- i
isfloat Determine if input is floating-yiibai array8 I. F! y7 q" J8 _& N2 W
ishghandle True for Handle Graphics object handles1 \% \: b! p" ]! ~, l) u
isinteger Determine if input is integer array
1 O3 ^( s; ?$ J) Y) J1 s" L' u4 o: L, eisjava Determine if input is Java object5 c7 a' p2 j; `% A. e
islogical Determine if input is logical array$ s' i& I; n* N3 A ^% K
isnumeric Determine if input is numeric array5 z1 n( M; B8 {# V- e# u0 o9 N4 a6 L
isobject Determine if input is MATLAB object
. `* }& U2 }( C+ Y% eisreal Check if input is real array
; w% y }' q8 b8 i! ]0 C6 Eisscalar Determine whether input is scalar
! x1 H" p) q! Y4 e) @/ a: nisstr Determine whether input is character array* n1 J' P- d% j% z
isstruct Determine whether input is structure array
7 t* ~* Z+ R+ X' {' `9 xisvector Determine whether input is vector
6 F3 l$ u8 T3 bclass Determine class of object
, S# p2 y, Z) w# c& n* b# r+ kvalidateattributes Check validity of array' [* w: i: C4 y+ b; v! M9 {
whos List variables in workspace, with sizes and types
9 k2 J) k+ j5 x例子+ S; k0 L- ~3 h/ C
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创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:
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x = 3
5 Y' I& W+ B. ?, \7 Iisinteger(x); {$ I4 e9 F& ~; s
isfloat(x)
. }1 X, h. t3 n9 j/ X0 t; j! v5 gisvector(x)
& t1 M. |+ {/ M: ]$ v8 ?isscalar(x)& r6 R( \' [, j8 r1 u
isnumeric(x)" v; t6 X( v4 H9 J
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x = 23.548 v+ b/ z& O# O8 k( h
isinteger(x)
; S3 \, W- N g# V y! D! o' Fisfloat(x), C5 N0 @9 d. ]. M) S. P, P- e
isvector(x)" R5 z% o9 n+ B8 @: {8 o; f
isscalar(x)
6 M7 y/ i! a4 p. { y4 ^isnumeric(x)
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6 P0 K v" d# N% S! ~) s# a/ Ux = [1 2 3]3 r6 d2 k9 A5 _; y7 _6 e/ }
isinteger(x)
" i" Q1 Q6 S5 F2 {isfloat(x)
0 _/ x( a: h: K# X Hisvector(x)
1 C9 C% V* E- s5 T" h0 Z* \3 ?isscalar(x)
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3 b- I3 o _) }, K+ `* P$ Px = 'Hello'
- W K/ G, e Zisinteger(x)
3 e+ c0 k. `* m0 u' ]isfloat(x)) Y" t3 C3 [! l: X7 Y) d: N1 J* Y
isvector(x)# A8 A, b4 ]8 z- P& j, J" z7 u
isscalar(x)
+ c p' T# ~* d9 Z2 z& F8 W# sisnumeric(x)% R: X4 H. o) G) ^8 I
当运行该文件,它会产生以下结果:& U9 @! \5 m# \# P1 S, V2 H
& [0 r! G# J9 B
x =
, o: ?) ^" A3 p! `: b( p! Q 3
& c& k( r$ k+ F1 j; M% Cans =
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ans =3 ^$ X3 c+ e; {2 a/ a
1$ S9 A/ P$ \8 K6 `- N3 m( v
ans =
& m/ x! g/ T4 H; z ~( x 1
! q/ L+ _0 F! @( Yans =7 B8 ]2 a$ Q9 D, p
1 f/ c" G8 Y$ o* c
ans =: c: m- }: f5 f( B# N9 p+ e5 W _$ _, y
15 I: Q5 n; J# Z$ w% q
x =
, [+ f ~! Y o! V 23.54009 y) R& w, _5 z& l; x9 I2 k* a/ [
ans =
' U) r% e( e6 j( w; A3 h 0+ l7 ^. n7 T' o& ~9 U- ~* m
ans =0 D% g! z1 s( L7 \
14 I3 t& L. o7 Q/ f
ans =
5 E$ {7 d! M0 _1 {. N @5 {5 K 1+ d2 \4 l& _4 s' g) @: b. S
ans =1 B; j9 W$ z3 a, R1 _+ G
18 j/ n& R2 d) G0 s
ans =0 w B- R" W; d v
1
, G* z8 Q# F6 s0 z" @/ _! f. Hx =% w Z9 @8 r% d7 X" s3 O8 w
1 2 3# ?8 s9 o1 h, c/ J+ J
ans =
# _( t& P3 y8 U4 i 0
" \# ]; \- f4 Y# J5 b, s* Nans =
. i3 l6 |/ b6 I, C( I; g 19 T1 a* e& e, `6 J( k
ans =
4 T/ p3 [ { S 1
- P0 b2 M2 a' S& p5 |ans =
7 j. [8 \ x* v! D6 f/ i( J7 v 0
; ^. D K1 U9 i7 \% z# X% x& |+ Nx =# [- n) w6 z' i( C+ ]
Hello
6 [# H$ |4 c0 zans =
) N& S+ ^4 r5 k, s 0
6 W' e# K! u2 A l3 x4 u1 ~ans =
* Z/ x& E( [! A1 g, ] 04 O2 Q8 B1 h5 Z) g/ z g. e _- \
ans =
# F" N% B9 j6 z5 t; }8 W 1
0 g; _1 o1 z2 E0 W6 } jans =
, D# y% z0 J2 \# A& b6 Y 0; M% w( l% L- I6 Y3 x! I
ans =
4 i: F8 \0 h. o/ L 0
+ d, |: B# _( r9 G1 V, h- c3 r0 l. J: }8 b
————————————————
2 S, B, V) A9 @( t. C6 w, F版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「Phil__ming」的原创文章。+ N9 t& y1 K! }" }, y& Z
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Poseidon__ming/article/details/750925751 l4 I3 o9 L2 c0 ^; |
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