AM真菌在生态系统中的作用

杨利霞

2 N( P9 D; j3 e+ TAM真菌在生态系统中的作用




Forests accumulate and store large amounts of carbon (C), and a sub
stantial fraction of this stock is contained in deadwood. This transient pool is subject
2 ^) S1 W  X$ F# P6 z9 @to decomposition by deadwood-associated organisms, and in this process it contrib
) z5 {! Z9 |! X7 futes to CO2
emissions. Although fungi and bacteria are known to colonize dead
! Q8 j+ _# [2 ^+ Ewood, little is known about the microbial processes that mediate carbon and nitro
gen (N) cycling in deadwood. In this study, using a combination of metagenomics,
metatranscriptomics, and nutrient flflux measurements, we demonstrate that the decom
position of deadwood reflflects the complementary roles played by fungi and bacteria.
Fungi were found to dominate the decomposition of deadwood and particularly its re
6 T) D$ r( W4 U8 S  o. T3 |8 x  y! _( h7 mcalcitrant fractions, while several bacterial taxa participate in N accumulation in dead
* G# f( `7 E% o+ v. p- Rwood through N fifixation, being dependent on fungal activity with respect to deadwood
1 Y# x  M/ s* Ucolonization and C supply. Conversely, bacterial N fifixation helps to decrease the con
7 H4 F. u  `" F  Nstraints of deadwood decomposition for fungi. Both the CO2 efflflux and N accumulation
0 N0 Y/ B& u' [# Lthat are a result of a joint action of deadwood bacteria and fungi may be signifificant for
nutrient cycling at ecosystem levels. Especially in boreal forests with low N stocks, dead
, l4 t7 P; h  ]4 L* Q! [wood retention may help to improve the nutritional status and fertility of soils.
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