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TA的每日心情 | 慵懒 2020-7-12 09:52 |
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签到天数: 116 天 [LV.6]常住居民II 管理员
 群组: 2018教师培训(呼和浩 群组: 2017-05-04 量化投资实 群组: 2017“草原杯”夏令营 群组: 2018美赛冲刺培训 群组: 2017 田老师国赛冲刺课 |
MATLAB 并不需要任何类型的声明或维度报表。 MATLAB 每当遇到一个新的变量名称,创建变量,并分配适当的内存空间。
) ]" f0 Q: o8 T) G* v, [% c
) k# }) m8 h v7 Y如果变量已经存在,则MATLAB替换以新的内容的原始内容,并分配新的存储空间,在必要的情况下。4 u" a B( N2 H G: e
1 \ {( E6 p, O! a' Q6 u* R
例如,$ Z- L$ P2 L, j+ ^2 k
% @2 | R. H7 n: }* k8 f4 [Total = 42 j8 A1 R# `9 I- A1 Q
上述语句创建了一个名为“Total” 的 1-1 矩阵存储值42。
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MATLAB中可用的数据类型
s' E* d6 E2 F k6 Y( B' V9 X# v2 |4 w. D4 H
MATLAB 提供15个基本数据类型。每种数据类型的数据存储在矩阵或阵列的形式。这个矩阵的大小或阵列是一个最低 0-0,这可以长大为任何规模大小的矩阵或数组。
' l; |8 z1 a6 g" g
& i6 l4 Z6 L$ E; ^0 w6 W( @下表显示了在 MATLAB 中最常用的数据类型:
! n, W. }( k: {9 ]
+ M& n. q- c, r数据类型 描述
r- V4 V" V* Y& B8 ~int8 8-bit signed integer
0 J8 G% O# W% q' D Ruint8 8-bit unsigned integer
/ d+ x) L) l: j( ?int16 16-bit signed integer
. ^8 i2 s5 {7 D5 K2 L3 H& Y9 {uint16 16-bit unsigned integer6 H; D9 ] i' x3 o+ g5 Z( N! w/ V
int32 32-bit signed integer) B. K- J }1 F6 i4 _
uint32 32-bit unsigned integer# T. S7 r6 I" i) g5 d# W; e" K
int64 64-bit signed integer
' ?# g! p/ P0 k3 a, F- X) {uint64 64-bit unsigned integer" {8 E/ P; h3 v" K, ^! t
single single precision numerical data
# Z% C, X. h* h8 idouble double precision numerical data3 r0 T i+ j C4 |* _$ {- ]- I
logical logical values of 1 or 0, represent true and false respectively
# A- g0 q# m" n& D) x& A. f$ B" kchar character data (strings are stored as vector of characters)3 c. O% d% c) c, d# }
cell array array of indexed cells, each capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
. p/ h+ t* k1 g: e9 Nstructure C-like structures, each structure having named fields capable of storing an array of a different dimension and data type
3 W9 x F# d' e: Ofunction handle yiibaier to a function
% z3 G; n1 ~0 j* C8 G: i: uuser classes objects constructed from a user-defined class! j6 u8 W: o. S' i, L6 g2 Y7 s1 C
java classes objects constructed from a Java class
' Q O; C1 A0 v. T/ G2 m例子% ~+ R6 f- H# b1 s+ W
0 D0 C3 w, z2 z! _; S
创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:2 L7 y2 q; o; C; C1 B
) q! E8 \0 p' F2 f2 p8 W- z str = 'Hello World!'; ]( C* Y/ ]/ z
n = 2345* J7 ^( Y+ t3 Q6 D8 C
d = double(n)" T9 T* }) p; a2 X0 ^
un = uint32(789.50)
9 `; o; @, G0 k/ w5 t3 Y# Arn = 5678.92347" f5 a2 f+ \3 E& `, C! i
c = int32(rn)
9 o' I& d+ r3 S- J上面的代码编译和执行时,它会产生以下结果:
0 @- U4 I4 l2 K7 u& E9 v' J% J' q5 l/ Y% b
str =
. ^5 L4 G+ q0 b1 {( q! M# @$ t( CHello World!+ ]7 d* M$ F$ z3 j
n =
6 d! t: F! R, \ 2345
2 U# d3 {: _6 p- }d =
$ j% F) |1 m( G; R. G( f6 a J 23459 e& f4 P+ `8 z6 u
un =$ T/ I& h1 {; }# @/ M: ^
790+ [7 A6 h7 `& I" x
rn =
1 \5 f4 y$ t7 p. Z6 q" d 5.6789e+03
% P8 P, L/ v) _6 b$ Bc =% x5 c: ]% V: M! g! k
5679$ w; h/ h) y/ Y4 I# _
数据类型转换! K! x: v( I/ D, C" H
3 o3 G$ |5 T+ J& W& b! \1 n; u+ p
MATLAB 提供各种函数,用于从一种数据类型转换到另一种。下表显示的数据类型转换函数:
7 k8 L% {8 h. O0 A X
; E( ^. @; f, e+ k函数 目的/作用
4 J6 P$ p9 r6 W7 F' Ichar Convert to character array (string)
( f- Q, ` f- _- k7 r; r, qint2str Convert integer data to string( p: H; \' v4 N
mat2str Convert matrix to string
1 M8 k8 b. z7 H& d# wnum2str Convert number to string: W. K5 k% m* o5 G
str2double Convert string to double-precision value
$ [" { \5 j Z: i1 J; wstr2num Convert string to number
% C* i+ q$ n% \& v# \native2unicode Convert numeric bytes to Unicode characters8 @! O- q: U' X% ]
unicode2native Convert Unicode characters to numeric bytes N/ B: ^7 j; v8 @+ \
base2dec Convert base N number string to decimal number
+ p- U2 w; H9 A, O: c [! kbin2dec Convert binary number string to decimal number8 A) t4 G4 |: C8 S q! @
dec2base Convert decimal to base N number in string, r- b* e0 W. v7 W# Z8 ~
dec2bin Convert decimal to binary number in string
* }# N, S1 |) }3 {/ z% _9 }dec2hex Convert decimal to hexadecimal number in string5 x' C; d V4 R9 w
hex2dec Convert hexadecimal number string to decimal number
: l$ F: G& s5 zhex2num Convert hexadecimal number string to double-precision number2 d# B, V) n/ h, t, [3 W
num2hex Convert singles and doubles to IEEE hexadecimal strings8 }# Q' i% W5 w0 k4 k) n* ]! K
cell2mat Convert cell array to numeric array
9 d2 K" I# {& w' p# i' D+ {7 {cell2struct Convert cell array to structure array
$ @7 [, q) {1 ]1 k2 }% \cellstr Create cell array of strings from character array
7 x6 e$ }; x; w* F7 U( h" Emat2cell Convert array to cell array with potentially different sized cells
: f# W4 w1 i" R% j2 [num2cell Convert array to cell array with consistently sized cells" [+ U4 _% G/ X: ~
struct2cell Convert structure to cell array! q( b7 ~+ g6 d' N
测定的数据类型! L- m" ~1 _ ?- j
& \( u3 E3 k9 R# U
MATLAB 提供各种函数标识数据类型的变量。' R& A% \ S- O" K
$ L& c% Q+ z5 z, @5 |- \下表提供了确定一个变量的数据类型的函数:
) P5 @+ i7 i) P2 E
, I3 B2 ]" ~: ~. p9 w) P函数 目的/作用- s) y' U; S# I0 K
is Detect state
; X$ p3 F" M0 g" {0 Yisa Determine if input is object of specified class D. }& s3 m- T5 c/ b2 e, h) q( Q5 I
iscell Determine whether input is cell array M9 @, T8 t. Z! w' v
iscellstr Determine whether input is cell array of strings
- u# Y0 r f8 b' t" tischar Determine whether item is character array) Q- S% s+ H r. y
isfield Determine whether input is structure array field
- F5 L: V' H5 O- t* fisfloat Determine if input is floating-yiibai array! N+ H6 \% q8 @
ishghandle True for Handle Graphics object handles9 R7 r- h# M7 M, x9 \5 A9 R
isinteger Determine if input is integer array; U& f2 E/ b* M2 E r( P2 p5 I
isjava Determine if input is Java object) @0 J! V! ^4 G W5 U7 `
islogical Determine if input is logical array) x8 g, }5 S( D1 I' a8 O7 L% E
isnumeric Determine if input is numeric array
" e9 @ I; |2 E3 R$ W) Xisobject Determine if input is MATLAB object
& i" t C% u+ V- s# V; h7 risreal Check if input is real array
) J! y& c* ^' Disscalar Determine whether input is scalar
5 s3 ?# ~* H3 H7 Visstr Determine whether input is character array
. J4 X: A& z: T" g' A7 D8 Pisstruct Determine whether input is structure array
, x% z/ C8 B C, i! bisvector Determine whether input is vector1 m" O" f3 l: K( v! N1 G9 i
class Determine class of object" l7 H$ {% l2 ?2 X1 U
validateattributes Check validity of array# u5 ~% O" ]+ M: j& {) X5 @
whos List variables in workspace, with sizes and types4 T' y3 c+ P' K+ g6 k. i
例子3 ^; j! S1 B. L+ N% c6 C5 z
4 @& X8 k7 B* U1 L$ Z创建一个脚本文件,用下面的代码:0 k1 o: y9 V9 k. G* u% W
1 J. ^4 h" |8 L8 Ux = 35 h0 @ T& K/ v/ @% B! D
isinteger(x)/ O: p2 m$ ^- ~2 K# ]4 @8 d; [, i
isfloat(x)5 l9 H! Y$ s6 K' L2 @
isvector(x)
# X5 v/ M' J/ E& jisscalar(x)
2 W0 K7 _" x- Z6 ~* `% Iisnumeric(x)
% J9 d1 P, n. H2 c' z; e5 S; d+ X$ F" y4 M2 o' T
x = 23.544 ^3 y1 X0 g A" ~, X7 w" [! o4 B
isinteger(x)
% i: \# p0 ?/ e2 [% _+ xisfloat(x)
6 Q0 E! O3 z/ F: n( ]3 ~0 f- Bisvector(x)& I% t' R( n% v% @! L0 U
isscalar(x)* N8 @1 w7 `1 r, H9 N4 J
isnumeric(x)
+ `! c" r, o7 g: K' v1 H6 O% b m
Z# ?3 G/ h' Y& ?8 A% x; Sx = [1 2 3]
% m* t$ P/ X' f6 T" Oisinteger(x)+ L" c Y# e% ]. k& }3 X
isfloat(x)' L8 F3 j7 \, T: N$ A$ |$ O
isvector(x)) W6 L2 J8 S7 a
isscalar(x)0 c5 g/ U+ |" {- t
8 C- |; e. V- _6 Px = 'Hello'
5 b6 q1 R# c& e+ Wisinteger(x)
2 e2 d, L, l5 Tisfloat(x)
* c6 t+ g1 A2 Risvector(x)
& r3 @$ W4 ]) a+ Q, X9 {isscalar(x)
/ b1 [9 u* E$ f6 y& r6 w" ~' Yisnumeric(x)' M6 ?( K1 t' `! \. O
当运行该文件,它会产生以下结果:
* I! K% u/ Z" g, O% W& |) [3 T/ S- ?
x =
0 f3 H7 e+ k' D7 i: C 3
" }0 D7 N6 s3 nans =, C( |; B' d: p
0
4 i" \% l1 ]0 w7 v+ F9 n* q/ L& Cans =
$ D$ D& E) ]6 x7 X9 ?! ^- z( N 1) i: p ^' i6 Y; ?0 b: r) D
ans =1 J/ ?5 E: Q8 y
1
% I! \: s n, S# F/ {+ m/ `; aans =
: ?, @1 h3 i9 A' Q 1
) f# J$ O. E0 T: gans =0 ~/ k# A7 K$ r6 M; v7 @
10 [5 D8 E% a0 d, _$ r9 {
x =
4 a4 ^. d% ? d0 ^; ~5 s Z$ n: y. H1 a 23.54003 c& v1 l: G, l ~) `$ h
ans =9 M0 l& l, D- q5 c. r2 E" l) x
0
! n' u# B1 W3 ?8 g( V2 T7 h' t0 \ans =
6 K: r+ f- I# i' j/ g r 11 R8 O% x) P0 E. L5 I
ans = X) U' [. F0 j3 v
1
3 u- X0 E' R6 s" o rans =
+ U. \+ A6 M3 {' \: s( X7 ]# x 18 W5 T8 ^9 C# S: S
ans =
, O, h/ Q% _ Y$ y+ J0 K/ N+ e. j 15 Z8 V: \& t: k! K$ q0 i9 N8 Q
x =
" G* W& |; e. w! g7 j5 R) _% O 1 2 3
5 R2 x) Q( D" H8 x4 @ans =
; [( k$ { ]8 u; G 0
# y3 z. X( {* Q; ~& |7 b; mans =, l7 ^3 Z7 {8 H" C5 B
1
- K6 t6 ^, [" j: K: i- t' pans = O, ^0 ^% h7 C
1
7 Y9 j4 z O# nans =
# M1 \! e7 |0 j( D 0
2 U% @9 B2 S1 A/ z2 [x =$ I. t, e7 A( r! C F
Hello5 z3 Q* ?( q! M2 Y( _4 J
ans =
1 _, P! @" i9 ~/ O) L 0
" m1 C A3 J, Gans =
1 _6 R4 b- k) c: H! V- c+ _ _* i 0' U- G7 e d7 J# C; X1 K0 l
ans =
1 f# k5 ?3 h0 ] 1
3 \( f5 S5 g4 `ans =
' i; w. W" Q9 w U# c8 ^ 03 |. Z5 c& S- v. W4 i p8 w( `4 v
ans = _( ?5 C/ V9 c" X! b" D
0
4 ^! R+ ^6 A" s% C* k$ U
% K7 J) t T" d9 L# D. k# E6 z" K: v————————————————4 _9 I6 L( E' `5 G
版权声明:本文为CSDN博主「Phil__ming」的原创文章。3 }2 e1 x4 F# S- s' Q/ t# m9 Q
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/Poseidon__ming/article/details/75092575+ k4 ~# H; b5 X9 V
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