1 }- w! z( H/ T/ O( U4 U15 d( L$ U- @) c$ G+ `% [
2 % i. U! X1 S6 c& m, w39 F' Q, T# `1 V/ w2 u' A3 W, O
4" r) `1 @# K% E: d f
58 Z* K a; ~' q! M
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7 * [; {( w2 H6 b n- q; D, J3 W2 y7 T8# p" b, ~3 D" L. q: k; w
5. PyCharm对字符串进行了优化处理 7 w& J% U z/ X# Z6.字符串驻留机制的优缺点1 t- t- x( C0 e! N
当需要值相同的字符串时,可以直接从字符串池里拿来使用,避免频繁的创建和销毁,提升效率和节约内存,因此拼接字符串和修改字符串是会比较影响性能的。 0 {- u5 [) ~/ O `& t. H - X5 O* h0 a) o: Y6 e 在需要进行字符串拼接时建议使用 str类型的join方法,而非+ ,因为join()方法是先计算出所有字符中的长度,然后再拷贝,只new一次对象,效率要比"+"效率高 。 6 p, q& L* z9 q, A8 P j1 k% {% {1 k9 ]' W
二、字符串类型的操作 $ `) ~: g) a7 N, p+ {Python类str内置源码:% [+ G' e8 ?7 x$ s% N/ R8 S
9 g: D1 ^ f+ @/ X S
class str(object):- L- r6 e$ P1 u& \
""" d. V! p9 h7 E* z4 o# i4 D n1 R str = "(对象)——> str / e/ m X+ \7 k: K 0 y% B6 H8 I; X( f8 K Str (bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> Str 9 M# @! ^ w4 s7 t# j! Z ; I: o% S; ~& A1 k: L1 C( K 从给定的对象创建一个新的字符串对象。如果编码或,则对象必须公开数据缓冲区0 g, W l( ?" }! c' H6 G" c
将使用给定的编码和错误处理程序进行解码。 i7 ?% T: H$ v5 D C# {
" t1 a7 H5 D' H) |0 A7 `
否则,返回object.__str__()的结果(如果已定义)或repr(对象)。2 V: Q- E$ r7 d+ [4 W( R
0 _8 H) v+ b, p1 t _5 Z 编码默认为sys.getdefaultencoding()。! L. U; `8 y; R" S2 }( X: l
/ J4 W7 j$ d. ^( s& {
Errors默认为'strict'。 : d$ J" M8 |! ?% j3 ~, _ """ ' G' r$ |6 y0 Y def capitalize(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown& y. A3 P: h* u% F' u b6 Q4 V
"""( K1 B+ n$ a6 y1 S. e
Return a capitalized version of the string. / V( h) y7 w+ n5 r" f% C8 ] 6 i: ?" d, r2 x2 B$ v. J1 E& e More specifically, make the first character have upper case and the rest lower 4 n7 i* ], m: m case. ' q0 R- ^6 v: B: \ """ ( Y4 _ ]" |: w; ~7 i pass: [3 j: o. c( J! ~" b6 B( ?* [
! A5 n$ v/ u8 W7 f8 V8 I" q def casefold(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown1 V) V3 S( V0 ~$ K: f
""" Return a version of the string suitable for caseless comparisons. """ " p4 V, p2 b O% p( Q9 { pass 7 r5 T, L" T8 V% \: O+ f0 N4 I6 `; q- m$ A( k, O* R$ q: c0 c' t' ~8 l
def center(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown, Q2 q; @% L- N+ z6 w+ u' R
"""! X( H2 c# N, `
返回一个居中长度为width的字符串。4 m7 \; k1 Y5 Y q2 q; ] T
7 u7 D% {. i9 W
使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 6 f7 O- b5 Q! c/ S8 k, H5 ` """) G' y( \& {' @) }3 }) d0 K/ {0 m
pass B; X; M8 b4 B E P3 L+ d5 x3 W& C0 m6 J8 Q C) i
def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__; k s8 z+ ~* `5 M! D: ^% B5 E8 |) |: b/ G
""") U' ]8 [, Y/ p+ Q4 c8 q$ F Y7 J
S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> 5 m9 t. v7 N% r U/ O3 q0 Z
& e7 o% ^/ \4 b# T: F2 { int .count(sub[, start[, end]]返回子字符串sub in不重叠出现的次数 7 d1 Z/ x3 \; c1 `3 j2 V& y! z. o8 \" W e8 d/ D
字符串(开始:结束)。可选参数start和end是用切片表示法解释。 - y. b# e9 K6 z7 z """ 1 n5 Y1 [0 y3 D0 K3 }. C" w" U return 0 3 I: o, v% e. z2 d6 g' _ ! P- k; B$ G$ }$ \ def encode(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ' e- A, c, T* m+ l: V2 _5 u$ q" ] """: n+ H& G. u7 P: h, Z
Encode the string using the codec registered for encoding.2 z2 r" H) h' t& x- L
# f) u; G D6 m+ m* j. W, k/ l encoding ) L$ v# K" ?/ R O. W The encoding in which to encode the string.0 d' t+ l3 ~. E: r& O; J
errors , c! X- Q; t; O5 j The error handling scheme to use for encoding errors. 8 L# n/ S& v, K. f* Z0 h The default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise a7 C( p* {- {# M
UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and0 t8 I. E9 C9 B
'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with' o \& g; O4 @4 X4 k9 F' Z
codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors. 8 U" O9 Y2 O% u( S' d : L9 R. u% }6 h, u 使用注册用于编码的编解码器对字符串进行编码。 $ D9 `! R2 U5 y# s % I2 p: d8 A0 b 编码5 s" P' a9 |; y# X: K
用于编码字符串的编码方式。 6 i0 d& Z2 v s# c- Y- _2 d4 @. a% I$ X 错误3 E& W, U' D( m
用于编码错误的错误处理方案。, @( @* t( y9 y" E3 z1 T. g- a. \2 A
默认值是'strict',意味着编码错误会引发UnicodeEncodeError。 % C9 v8 s+ |$ N* u 其他可能的值有'ignore', 'replace'和'xmlcharrefreplace'以及注册的任何其他名称编解码器。 2 W3 d: t( a8 P 可以处理UnicodeEncodeErrors的register_error。 : Y, N. [$ d7 b """ % {& o" k" B& p; h pass0 p- N8 t: Y; p3 k" q/ H# g, q
: W+ R. b* n$ ~) L+ A def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__3 b7 e8 u* k4 ?% {, z: Q; N
""" 7 N0 ]* b1 u& V$ t9 H1 [9 ^ S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool9 b0 e6 f; T J! S: W
( ]" X; g: D1 S7 B! {, t; @& K
Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise. ' M7 ?% o# e5 ] f$ A With optional start, test S beginning at that position. / c! l; x% W; a y With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. 6 _3 l: f7 G# h5 u% O* {9 [- G suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try.) I4 a. Y& z8 B
""" % J" }0 E" E8 R! W- \6 }! s return False + {; l* |8 i3 p6 A5 k2 u7 O% q; { 9 s2 l' F3 i/ ]4 t+ y# L9 A def expandtabs(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ( o& X8 G9 r2 G5 a7 k4 I6 W """+ N, M" x6 C( o1 o0 w& X W+ |
Return a copy where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. ' L6 \% y8 l+ P 7 g' i X' n4 P- W2 k If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed. " Y6 F W1 _2 ]9 r) S """ ! `$ s) Z, `0 X2 I9 P! v* H. X2 n" v pass ) P; n/ ?3 _2 N" S% M " X* q: ]5 j+ D! L def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__5 r, i9 b) D' Q- x
"""% d+ k7 |. L- B0 a2 |
S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int # q6 O( q5 S$ `! W1 Z1 i 0 |3 t/ Z: c( q9 s5 _. e Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, ! t( O' G1 z, z! f6 Y1 c- o such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional & m# b$ i! w( Z arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. `0 E/ B! C: Z3 w7 F
2 ?! }' ~0 |% ?: @
Return -1 on failure.6 l. k3 j$ A5 `; a( I
0 L2 O! a7 y+ I1 T/ m% _4 U9 j
S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int( r, r" ~" Z5 A; Y7 r
7 Y5 {. ^' k0 k0 E 返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。5 ?' s9 ^" F- n* H
可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。$ r' i6 _3 A& y r9 P* Y
, }% V+ U) s% ~: o% y3 h 失败时返回-1。 Q, O9 [. T- n' `% H 7 h4 t J9 b- |7 ?- S% @8 p+ R """ + [# Y& u5 Q) `( @+ D& @0 I, s6 u+ ^ return 06 K- j6 S! u. p. c8 R, A1 o
9 a- y7 L2 Z/ x5 g5 e3 ?
def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format ) W: g+ ^/ r' n; q6 Y( S """ % B/ `1 W- R$ ^5 y) r' R! J# p S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str * W7 l4 G* Q o 2 |1 |9 C5 p% p: M: S' ^( ^) a Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs. , j) ?) [2 a) E3 Q" A; m The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').5 f/ X' S8 S' b/ r# ?+ [
+ \; {6 ?% ~! D1 Q* O- _2 M
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str - U7 l6 F& s. @! X. t% ]& g" }1 c1 S& J+ `- f. K
使用args和kwargs的替换,返回S的格式化版本。 , x% f6 k- P; h) @9 B3 K 替换由大括号('{'和'}')标识。 , n. ?6 r6 Y4 y8 \4 ` """; Y& A+ `5 N6 S
pass 9 W. v- D+ [! W4 l( Q U* `7 n: ~' L Q& w& x
def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__' E; R$ ?/ ] d {1 |" L0 N. T
""" " w. b; C4 @/ P7 c S.format_map(mapping) -> str ) A) t+ A, s7 @' U& U3 N- Q# f# O% Q+ @ B
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.! s1 J" \! T% m9 s5 r. d' [
The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').+ a' |* F3 A6 b% h, v0 {: J* f
""" c% C% _" R# g- S) c1 D
return ""6 ? N2 V* Q% U7 W1 c
# ?) p0 E. ]% ]/ V' `: J! u def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 7 |( {0 H" s0 a. m% g* d- } K """2 f4 T% J' K: v! H. W
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 6 a: G* x D' c: W; U7 D* j- c2 Z4 }% i$ |2 I
Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,6 z- U+ }0 ^/ F0 y9 R! F/ I
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional / O: \1 W9 X* N arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. 2 k* U2 d2 W, L1 K F 6 V$ S2 m% W% P' n Raises ValueError when the substring is not found. ' C( b# F$ x4 W2 J: d- P/ s4 y( E; R, x% L! S3 G$ l/ o/ B
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int & S! d% o: P* J" @
.index(sub[, start[, end]]; x- ^! O2 e5 l- ^9 |" q& w
% z: p; ]7 X( W* v) Y
返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。( f6 u" T: N9 G1 h# a7 |. ]) ~
可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。7 r6 x& B: p+ p
# I2 t# M) k7 J# f6 q 当没有找到子字符串时引发ValueError。 ( s, `0 c+ U+ Y- p+ q/ a """ - r: y" U. r b) i# f return 04 e+ B. F$ j7 S+ R' d
& Q9 s2 D" Z/ H3 E, m8 u
def isalnum(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ; m/ f- Q" F0 y( l: X5 [4 ]: J8 | """ . t: j& o0 k9 P$ Y$ K6 J( S Return True if the string is an alpha-numeric string, False otherwise.( i, d5 Q) T1 v3 w M% G0 p
! [- F, X0 M! z; q
A string is alpha-numeric if all characters in the string are alpha-numeric and) }. V, N' f# N- W
there is at least one character in the string. / a' Q2 @( P! E0 I! r: ^; @+ C """ - O B+ w& v! @7 {; ~ pass # S0 U* g- e, _7 Z5 D' _ . y' t/ ]0 ^( ]' ^ X* _ def isalpha(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown , G V9 }6 {7 t+ T p- \5 c% A """8 A; Y, {: p- J- s) o3 J
Return True if the string is an alphabetic string, False otherwise. ( y, y* W7 ?( [6 o, [ }3 o0 j, i# |% ~# s: P# a0 n6 b
A string is alphabetic if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there5 l+ L3 H) K0 Z8 P7 J1 Q
is at least one character in the string.0 `/ _( @! ]' `. ^* h9 R
""" : H7 G) }1 v0 p) e* @ pass + A* z9 @1 N! \5 Z+ R1 R& `6 d, j, o3 z+ y7 P0 N
def isascii(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 3 p7 W7 Y$ Y* ~4 N. d! E% h; r. S """ * z3 { S' Z; _% Z Return True if all characters in the string are ASCII, False otherwise.& U3 c2 D0 ^* C+ N
+ C3 [) e" }" Y! O6 h ASCII characters have code points in the range U+0000-U+007F. 8 V* g$ U# C2 W Empty string is ASCII too. . r( b4 `) C3 t* N. `' Q. Y# X9 N+ Z """ 6 \/ I' S9 X. J# W pass- }. W( G- E) a4 Z/ K7 z: w
: q. \0 q$ }8 A& J+ @$ d! c def isdecimal(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ( Z/ ~- ]* J# m2 {' @' ~ """ 0 H7 p+ f8 a0 ~. T9 w# r6 {9 r9 [! R Return True if the string is a decimal string, False otherwise.! f# a6 q6 d Q `
8 S& I/ R1 J" d6 X
A string is a decimal string if all characters in the string are decimal and6 p# O6 R* Z! c$ N
there is at least one character in the string. $ }" G4 }# [' B7 E """ + @3 c* H9 K% m# o' p& Z1 |# T pass2 }. |; n# L& b; p
1 t0 W' M: O0 y9 i
def isdigit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown/ i6 @" [# [3 n: u( X
"""* i$ Q' y8 ^# f; ^# W! N" z
Return True if the string is a digit string, False otherwise. 4 Z/ F' I6 ]$ r% v- S6 a9 Q! ?! f( S5 k" e) O, F! \3 O
A string is a digit string if all characters in the string are digits and there 4 S3 z6 {- z$ e5 s- T is at least one character in the string. ) V+ a) h/ b+ v7 ]3 H& q8 M6 ^ """ + ]" G: y2 L t% P7 s9 G pass5 D" a4 O1 z/ y _! B/ y0 ~4 Y J
. U, k( |: i2 y7 _- l3 P6 H def isidentifier(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown" a6 m- M1 u$ D2 f
"""- G% T/ r* X0 ]9 v/ I" C
Return True if the string is a valid Python identifier, False otherwise.) ]5 M1 G. D9 e& O# P1 L2 r
7 g8 h9 U7 }+ d# g7 q
Call keyword.iskeyword(s) to test whether string s is a reserved identifier,6 d' G- x. I, ^8 M' g
such as "def" or "class".! r/ h s4 a- z* {4 k B; y, C
""" - f) e) c6 R( L0 R0 d m pass: n& [: E. m) S; x6 k$ [% G
8 u9 |5 r4 U6 O2 B- m) M def islower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; J# b2 S7 u* [
""". q/ X" J' D: n* A$ s# |7 k
Return True if the string is a lowercase string, False otherwise.5 K" l$ p" m- s: c: R- C
0 i. }8 ~1 z% a" h A string is lowercase if all cased characters in the string are lowercase and& u& {; H4 g0 [6 | `* V
there is at least one cased character in the string.7 l5 }# i- @- S# O$ ?5 g( p
""" $ }* @( A/ N! J6 I pass7 b# [1 W$ K+ j- Q7 a [
, M) V* M u m def isnumeric(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ' p" P- `# s: b% r! d """: G/ e' w# E/ x+ \
Return True if the string is a numeric string, False otherwise. 9 a/ y4 A" n2 Q- Y- r0 u7 d* ~9 Z* ~9 _5 g5 O D" u# ]1 r: e. U
A string is numeric if all characters in the string are numeric and there is at- Q( b. h) X) N( R
least one character in the string. ( T% R% b/ v0 i9 O$ e% Q """6 P$ K* X& h3 D) I- `$ j K
pass * T% ?$ n& N6 X4 N. } 1 v9 a' I$ @9 J def isprintable(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown# v( H- Q8 l l* R. P
""" 3 B9 r( y. K' T5 Z+ ~ Return True if the string is printable, False otherwise. ' K: p o5 L4 I. [2 W ' Q& b6 [' f5 Y, f; ^( C: I A string is printable if all of its characters are considered printable in" @( v" a |- z/ q# {: n/ s! e
repr() or if it is empty.% a! L# Q: n( S; w" ^3 `
""" Z: h. k! v, k. q! r- d
pass ( ~' R0 F* _4 P. [0 b3 }$ P' J# T# v+ ?$ }" m. T; [$ l! K1 M
def isspace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown8 k+ z- ~8 v7 y# O6 A. E5 Y5 F
""" 1 I, ^4 ?# v. g2 Q2 q r Return True if the string is a whitespace string, False otherwise.1 l# O% a& [ h0 @# R9 |1 w
/ }0 m" f4 W6 j" Q& e+ a
A string is whitespace if all characters in the string are whitespace and there# t6 L1 Z* O6 v$ q% `
is at least one character in the string., h- H+ t- B( j T
""" ! c' k! \% |% I) |/ g: G" B; i pass ( ] [1 S% J* W- W, J# v' @1 h* Y# m- [9 V
def istitle(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 0 x: c, C* S) r; p """* u5 [3 u# S# l/ P1 n+ P
Return True if the string is a title-cased string, False otherwise., J8 k2 M( T, k2 }
: x8 e( i0 X& M, I: M In a title-cased string, upper- and title-case characters may only! k3 g0 u2 f4 k0 F A
follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones.# g m: j% _) y( W' [/ z/ w5 J5 Y
""" - @5 |2 A4 O. h, W+ e# U. I pass / K- D4 W$ v8 H7 y' v/ j9 P Z# w# l5 ?0 F8 |; T8 V" C
def isupper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 5 A: m+ Q1 I1 w """ ' R+ h1 y9 m6 s/ n+ {3 ] Return True if the string is an uppercase string, False otherwise. 7 M2 I; L7 m- F) s) Q$ b* }, n3 ~ [( C$ d$ j X0 o I
A string is uppercase if all cased characters in the string are uppercase and 4 c# G. V: {" y" }5 p1 N4 }, D) ?2 ] there is at least one cased character in the string.5 W0 v: \9 r- Q4 Q
"""( f! E, h1 ?6 A4 B, }# e
pass . J8 f* l8 b# |' F e" R h! k# e/ i+ @* A# z. k- q* u def join(self, ab=None, pq=None, rs=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ ) H" y- u) i+ x# r+ i# Z """9 h) V+ u% d7 a
Concatenate any number of strings.0 I! e$ W' A2 {
! W( S! Q9 {! O- ^5 M9 v( W; t
The string whose method is called is inserted in between each given string. F& L9 s9 T$ e& y
The result is returned as a new string.8 c: i0 Y% W# Z) S) d5 V8 p" Y
0 y6 q, B! Y' _; R Example: '.'.join(['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs' 5 m9 x+ J+ _) U3 Y1 u/ f$ z+ I \ / B% C& B3 j9 y$ s/ X 连接任意数量的字符串。 ; k. D+ s% c+ p# I8 R e- j" m' M y7 o% X9 O/ Q
调用其方法的字符串被插入到每个给定字符串之间。 + D4 `, R: T) j1 e3 _8 |0 d$ E 结果以新字符串的形式返回。 * i }0 k% U: }$ L6 R- w: A 2 P( l( y7 L7 A4 R$ G! M- ^
例如:“。”。Join (['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs'" B& L' L: V1 m
"""9 y0 m6 O8 V1 }! e3 R8 S7 O: j# A
pass0 E- m! F2 I- k
) s' ^( B0 R! ~' ~ def ljust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + m2 u! J$ A. R """ 8 m1 P4 L- f- @ Return a left-justified string of length width. : W) u& ^$ h& l & K, n3 q1 l2 d) P; P2 d Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space).- P+ I1 S7 g2 X0 l4 P* ?% L a
; q1 r/ k- p# \3 ?- c
返回长度为width的左对齐字符串。5 z2 G' M7 H% s }' Y' T( J
1 [2 T- `/ O: ~! D 使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 & x0 {( _3 ?/ s/ p$ M" G, z """4 \) s' j5 a$ \, p
pass, b% `/ k5 Y1 R- Y7 b
4 {1 W- _9 c" G9 a6 v4 v8 z
def lower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown9 }$ h- R$ r- b
""" Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase. " q5 e9 N/ N& N0 n) ^8 W" t3 |
返回转换为小写的字符串副本。""" 4 I0 s: J6 o g# ]3 h: J4 | pass1 _' q" [% N6 q' O' G3 L# Y3 X" k
# u7 Y9 X9 b2 S/ F2 {
def lstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 2 R2 u; Q+ v1 C! }* i5 J """0 p W% s# N1 Y% ?. C
Return a copy of the string with leading whitespace removed.5 E1 _) m, U9 y4 B9 R0 `2 E3 h
. A: K$ I" j# ]4 b3 q
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. X: U/ O6 O$ k9 H# ^
# P* o. F) L- f% n 返回删除前导空格的字符串副本。9 ?& \" `# Z( s5 e- g6 m8 I
5 O& B8 {; M& Y I# V$ j0 k) N 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 6 s9 x( O# N5 r- v' k8 e/ x """ * E. x; q2 g' K' n% y pass% N3 E0 C$ U* |$ T! M) y+ m# h
& a+ w+ W) ^( M( F: L: w) \' ? def maketrans(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown3 U9 i7 Z! @" H' A; ]
"""! r. V) X; k+ J6 N
Return a translation table usable for str.translate().6 P3 G% F( z; x. y. G+ f2 r
* n/ w. ?4 |) E& ^* Q If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode1 g. `# ?) M; e1 j" u2 A
ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None.0 w8 F# v# G. ?8 r. i
Character keys will be then converted to ordinals. / Q. Y s) `% x X- U If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and2 C8 q8 d# X! }! _' R# g
in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the$ _- E5 m+ a+ X4 d& g% {" [
character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it $ ?! U! j, n& u8 G/ f: W must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result. 8 b+ [$ E- A- h# u* }' I """ * ]" _! @9 |0 ?, @ pass0 j8 _% L" K. |. n4 T/ o
& g9 b; Q: C" f+ z3 d& f6 R
def partition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown2 {& M( B0 ]# b. @# g2 a
"""& b: ]/ r" v' R9 n+ O
Partition the string into three parts using the given separator. , V5 a3 }9 ~6 v" K- W8 }! G6 U" H% i R) _, U; K; V6 J! }
This will search for the separator in the string. If the separator is found,4 @( w0 m! U" P z, M# B9 c0 c
returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator9 @; y; o( N! j# g* p i
itself, and the part after it.7 s) @* @3 o" Q" C1 t8 _
: u9 `- j, R ?# @ a l2 \6 L
If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing the original string& X' o; R$ I4 B# V) ^8 t
and two empty strings.; v% x1 J7 j8 v" l- j2 V" E
"""6 v0 r w# q- o2 I) m2 z
pass, }+ G+ \# F4 ^5 B& _& I6 c
/ V* H4 i6 O9 A4 ~9 Z+ ^ def replace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown7 h3 f y0 a+ c2 w+ {! L0 @
""" 4 \ h R; A7 F7 G7 {! t3 h0 o4 U/ [ Return a copy with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. 7 M; O! c# l c* U) `/ g8 h5 I 7 J. Q/ j0 n n1 e; c5 O' R count* n) D8 c. e5 r! V+ W+ S" b
Maximum number of occurrences to replace.' o! e4 K8 M) k" m
-1 (the default value) means replace all occurrences.8 J% t3 A m7 b9 n
; L" }8 s5 |2 H0 w& k! M If the optional argument count is given, only the first count occurrences are* K1 A( B/ Y N+ i
replaced. 4 F# c( g3 o# n1 [ * u; U w7 [7 _% t 返回一个副本,其中所有出现的子字符串old都被new替换。2 p* v+ e/ k/ `' _! ?+ S% l
: e6 V4 o8 Y/ m; Z3 D P/ T# z
数- Q, u. Y* r" ?% B5 X. U
替换的最大次数。 3 u6 J+ V2 n' T; h! V: ~5 p -1(默认值)表示替换所有匹配项。 * w4 v1 H0 Q$ P+ u & i1 Y, I6 ^% @9 z5 z 如果给出了可选参数count,则只出现第一个count更换。 ( L& w* L& }; e) y! ?! J. A4 l """' @+ U# A$ l! f: E1 G5 B
pass + {7 i- X' n% C 7 y, `4 K$ I( z6 L def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ " Z$ q6 I0 i( M" f/ ~* K. G """ 1 Y8 V& e( \/ r( `9 w$ g S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int" |! s% N/ a$ o3 w1 ~ a6 p
& v1 y9 N$ k8 H4 u& R- R: t
Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, 7 J' K" |, w% Q. m6 T such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional1 i* W, ]% n5 k& S4 @/ h
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. + ~3 \: R `9 T/ s: l 8 |8 Q6 e+ `% `" y Return -1 on failure.+ v$ z* H! j& Z
""" . X2 V; V4 i$ G5 d$ n1 R return 0 , @# E* ^1 b' g9 A2 R2 N. @! ]. ?5 s4 ^; Q+ B) s4 H+ ?" ^1 ~. [, C
def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__; ] c( Y# Y2 s
"""' ]8 c! Q- ^! W0 N' h: M
S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int* N+ c. D' L0 d2 f& Q! A; y- K6 [9 c
' E8 `1 d0 {0 R+ d1 S0 z c# [ Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, " N* l" X! V+ f' k/ U$ ]$ i such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional: Z* j# g6 y! g7 ~% `
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. - W+ s( E0 {9 ]# g' A, s 1 y( z5 `* X4 F+ v' k Raises ValueError when the substring is not found.( e+ w6 F- v, h8 ]
"""8 T8 H* x/ I4 P" D. D/ t* ]
return 0( P# m0 I$ ^5 P: r( E, b! ^: W
* B# L1 I1 a- W# b! v4 k def rjust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown* F7 z8 v" K. j: C
""" + G+ X) F/ M* O3 a, J' s, o Return a right-justified string of length width.9 Z1 ?; d: [+ l
: s! O( }' d* _8 ]- d) r Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space).6 L& u6 ?( \! i1 B- k" }! s
' s$ e' }' u( d1 s) @: Q; f 返回长度为width的右对齐字符串。" _" Z/ [1 Y" r; W* J3 q
- Z+ P% k7 i1 {- t- n5 e- T
使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。$ \) I* }: B9 N
""" # l2 \7 V8 X5 U7 c pass 7 W: M. p; W" N5 ?; o8 A' E" E8 |, f; R
def rpartition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown& n' P; K& D+ `4 h* w+ T
""" : d/ \) c! x/ b1 ^3 _ Partition the string into three parts using the given separator.; J( \8 t& ^$ H; J/ G1 P
: l- L5 u/ s% M- V8 j This will search for the separator in the string, starting at the end. If6 ~9 }( G% H! c, g: u
the separator is found, returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the 5 I( R+ r, t# X U) i2 Q: t" w separator, the separator itself, and the part after it.; T- J/ D9 A: \2 C0 |
* y8 A u! j6 u5 |- Y If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing two empty strings3 L( k& ?9 C7 {4 r* [: D
and the original string. , ]1 ?& j8 H: q$ y! {. G l """ " D' t* w1 d1 l- n5 V6 f pass9 B" W% e$ u# i& b y; Z
- j$ l4 J% e# N- J! R$ x1 Y Y' d def rsplit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown3 H, K6 i( t, N4 O }" G
""" 7 r! O# q# F4 i( s/ j, }; K Y a Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string.6 x5 Z! e: {+ M
; C9 M/ w" k5 b" ^$ L/ j sep# z F9 G' o Y0 s5 b1 x6 T7 E
The delimiter according which to split the string.5 G" s% }4 o& f' r! `/ L; o/ K2 E9 M
None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace, # \. I3 P$ N. ?/ d- P$ o0 G6 b, P and discard empty strings from the result. . B" V$ m( ~* R2 ]7 {4 u maxsplit ! m* L' J. a7 C: j Maximum number of splits to do. & A: C& |0 N, P -1 (the default value) means no limit.# l$ X" t7 ], m& k |# G2 {
' I/ M4 W6 b/ ^
Splits are done starting at the end of the string and working to the front.. A2 V6 f! b0 t- C" E+ \: K9 }2 }
& C! B- O2 G5 B* C
返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。: X$ `5 T7 J6 }( m
sep / ^6 t X7 V# c2 I: q' @5 _7 q 用来分割字符串的分隔符。4 w+ B6 [2 h0 ?; S9 g- [7 _( y
None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。4 Q% [( f; k! a/ t$ W
" b q( Y+ a/ b8 u8 W* {
maxsplit& y8 r8 l# {5 Q* \1 k# K
最大分割次数。 : F# r" t$ I! U! G; Z, d8 o/ G8 ?6 } -1(默认值)表示无限制。 8 t% x5 w$ r, Y + X2 \5 E/ E9 o- b# a2 @
劈叉从绳子的末端开始,一直到前面。 ; a, w7 y$ ?% ^2 @ """6 p) O4 ^+ B' A3 d4 X. r
pass ; v1 ]% g; x; p9 h0 S7 C+ k* ^# O6 V* ~) f6 m( i6 I
def rstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown1 ?* B3 |% s2 N( u: n" L' e1 h
"""4 B5 v" ?; V4 A; c* `
Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed. 8 a: O& ?" G, Y) `" B3 r& H8 P2 ]& k1 r q
If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. / I6 X' H- ^9 j( Q, u0 s1 @8 b z
返回字符串的副本,删除尾随空格。 % q; k' R. \" Y2 I* X7 O3 p5 Y% t& _# \: }
如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 & j% Q1 y8 A, i% F" I" K """+ B W8 S+ [1 g& l
pass ' R! E! J; l# q 9 \: z) P3 u0 S3 |0 t8 v def split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + X0 |2 O7 n) t8 I8 @+ ^ """ # f# P9 B% g w( M3 z! u Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. * V9 h. T' {" {+ K# J& @) J# t9 y' k7 ^. J/ b
sep - q/ G( `" ?% B/ z$ b* } The delimiter according which to split the string. , T- p+ }( _) }$ |; u$ G8 q/ w None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace, / z+ F) _ O3 W3 I" k and discard empty strings from the result. / W" J. l+ J, _; c maxsplit0 W6 o X [$ `; X5 c
Maximum number of splits to do.8 o" J/ Q' _! U
-1 (the default value) means no limit./ A/ d- p8 E3 P& y. r
""": {! n( m( o$ P% z) J
pass V' X9 ]5 W0 t5 i; n. u
3 D" N5 Q/ B" {+ _$ _. \* Q def splitlines(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown9 s3 Z% g- }7 z$ t9 ^6 B
""", ^' N. D* S: [8 A" @8 Q9 I
Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries.9 a9 O0 j. M) d
, E6 f' Y3 M# c7 U4 C! r
Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and* m# n& ^+ b5 l5 R: ?3 L( N1 C) ~
true.) Z. i* |6 l. Z* A: H
"""* y" `4 ?! j2 S! V; A# i0 S4 p
pass 2 q9 g: t5 p) n7 l7 n. s/ M; C/ }: ?( h. w8 k
def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__7 T ]: `) v; V D7 X4 k0 q0 K" z
""" . Y! j, G3 `' W5 ?6 G S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool / h& l# I3 A9 j' ~! |% v0 Y* P, S' L$ e
Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.% h1 a) p# K' r
With optional start, test S beginning at that position. " t! `, t% `/ g5 M$ Y! `' u0 w With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. - z$ W( T1 |/ U prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try.6 v7 W- p- ?' `7 z4 n$ T: O
""" 8 i i( Q: k" A1 v return False9 Y1 F8 D( v; X: f1 }1 l
9 S1 B! j; e! o/ _, V def strip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown8 T! P$ B! \% D0 x( Q
"""8 ]% ^- m: ?% m
Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed.6 S' D/ Y& k% A1 e. k
' s9 h7 z L+ ^7 E If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.: e! l7 E% b8 f' F
2 C! u/ v! \8 D% z
返回删除前导和尾随空格的字符串副本。 A' V5 v0 f- J1 J7 \ ! P, T9 m. E( j+ C4 q+ h9 ~ Y 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 4 E6 t# s" E1 ^, Z& t """ 6 V" E* t& n0 ~* ^- ]2 G pass 1 p) Q9 p2 p4 [/ Z3 j9 X& r9 v# Z. C+ d
def swapcase(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ! ^1 N. k4 U/ i* O) x' i, t5 b, B2 r """ Convert uppercase characters to lowercase and lowercase characters to uppercase. """ o& L, v# H( \2 R2 }' j pass: W. H4 z$ b1 f
! F; a- Z$ y" F def title(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown- I' D1 A7 s: N. E2 C3 O1 g. e
"""2 @# ?' V2 Z- B& {9 j+ V
Return a version of the string where each word is titlecased.$ F# e7 p' F2 u! [$ ^8 o
9 E) m5 B- n0 O
More specifically, words start with uppercased characters and all remaining+ q) f& s* L* s3 K6 }( O4 x6 I) V
cased characters have lower case. 2 t8 o& a/ P2 ]: \, y3 b9 w """5 h3 }$ s$ v# w5 _: ] g0 ?/ l
pass ( s$ I* [: ?7 o/ r 3 g. E E' j% E1 H# {. r9 }- X def translate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown & U( W8 p2 d8 b """ 7 ^/ a) d! z8 b Replace each character in the string using the given translation table. # U# X8 s# y: \! [6 S! | g( j2 d8 n. k- e" F- n. | table . J* U9 g) {2 T Translation table, which must be a mapping of Unicode ordinals to " D# |+ k& G, g Unicode ordinals, strings, or None.1 l0 {% D ?) a6 m/ @5 f* |
5 v: p4 x' |( q: n& ` k7 J" N, G
The table must implement lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a; d1 Q# ?: S* Y& p* l8 I6 F
dictionary or list. If this operation raises LookupError, the character is- K( \" ?/ X5 \! l
left untouched. Characters mapped to None are deleted.$ Y, T8 T) R A$ c. E; C
"""' }( u/ X% ~8 _* W& a; f5 y
pass : o1 n) E# T6 W. i2 W) b 5 Y2 V# o: u9 j# `3 Q( ^; G1 u p def upper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 6 Y7 N6 _; x" D """ Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase. """, s8 l5 W! V1 }
pass 7 I& j3 Z) |+ d/ V ; P* `+ E# l2 d) e. D$ J$ ?+ Y% w def zfill(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown, Z& O$ D2 U/ Z4 J( w! p
""" - D) A. w0 r- H+ ] Pad a numeric string with zeros on the left, to fill a field of the given width. ; L5 Q0 i8 l2 g7 |0 A8 D7 t# _ . ?* M# q4 E7 V( Z$ X) z The string is never truncated.& _: U5 t- u% Q1 }
"""+ [0 P/ [ d7 r; f! _4 I% s) ~
pass+ K/ _ J" G& @! g* \: R
& ^7 X/ t+ G! G& |1 q% y9 q
def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 3 k8 H0 q8 Y2 q """ Return self+value. """$ _% G, P2 s* G/ s2 @5 m
pass* q$ @4 |$ P0 V: _
: O* r9 H4 [6 I! g. R def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown # ?! Q6 c, L5 y """ Return self==value. """4 E2 E2 w6 d- E" b
pass 2 h3 N p9 U3 Q9 `% S1 P7 y/ J+ _$ S
def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown * M5 [+ ^2 z1 b2 X """ Return a formatted version of the string as described by format_spec. """ ; T" N l: c4 ?: G pass/ u' S* c t) x( O. |
3 K/ j7 P& h& i& l1 U def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 k* K: m# a4 u3 `
""" Return getattr(self, name). """( C4 Y) d) z: t7 i9 F4 g
pass 7 C" X2 r3 I, ?1 \7 I/ Y& Q) V . J7 e5 J2 x0 U8 z9 F j def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown# R( c$ \8 l- R! J
""" Return self[key]. """, A) ^5 {" a5 P' B" W3 A' _
pass ! z8 b9 h, Y' U4 }- O/ P$ A 4 Y2 R; }* U, ]8 n2 r0 i def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown# ], {$ M8 I- W2 p- O* E
pass 2 w* m$ P4 }" @* p6 Y3 P . u. E- t! }% O( l9 E @! |% X# @- g! |6 a def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown * B, u$ f/ @7 R9 ~7 t7 A """ Return self>=value. """, G; j: F" }6 Q! q# i; w0 b8 I
pass7 [8 I/ ~4 U3 |% k! y
" x E% C/ q h3 }& O def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 2 V/ e0 Z0 }" o7 X+ Z* w) o0 |3 \ """ Return self>value. """- z& r! S5 }# X+ m
pass) l, }" p, d4 }1 N; F0 ]$ w
+ }# d* j# P) z1 ?
def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ; h7 c+ v' |( z+ x- o6 a2 P """ Return hash(self). """ , t) V$ `2 z# f6 z pass 5 q! Y6 O7 Z* o+ t- i1 a" K9 y; i# X - M0 [: d8 W$ j; C5 E5 q def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict'): # known special case of str.__init__( l8 F2 v0 i, B9 o) \+ C) s0 O/ @
"""8 |' F& @" R& D n; j5 i/ |. G
str(object='') -> str , W* X6 A* I" a str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str 8 y/ P! F) i/ ~9 v% k) I6 ?! e v4 Z. c. Q+ z4 c* j4 |0 M( K Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or 9 {& Y! b. S Z5 n% l& A$ F( W" l! D, f errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer+ L$ Q* i2 x# H u+ a
that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler.' a% v3 z! q) u
Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined) ) c7 {* R1 _. n% I1 M' S9 D" t- Y or repr(object)./ Z9 P4 Q# G9 o& O
encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().; ]2 F( X/ X# [; s
errors defaults to 'strict'.3 A8 U% c0 N+ h+ L* ]4 T: j
# (copied from class doc) . K' [0 F9 N: M """ ) m- b6 o8 ?7 f, ^5 ^; Q pass9 J% t0 a9 x2 q6 y9 h
! f* {, i& ~# V Y
def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown+ x- M" s7 b7 ?
""" Implement iter(self). """ 1 G* M5 k% v" S4 G w7 Q$ A pass2 w! H$ N: {8 r. b
4 w4 }, f) Q, Y& N% i1 Q V+ A
def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 1 K4 N8 `: @- i2 m% A """ Return len(self). """ * H/ H, o+ }3 S/ F% y4 \" J pass# r3 Z+ R8 V* c, }
1 _6 S* K4 T n3 ]7 k# _ def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown9 D. X4 L3 n3 D
""" Return self<=value. """* q9 S: H2 d% d! @. c( J
pass 8 `9 a: [5 M% \/ o" f6 U8 ?. k1 f' e8 A" e
def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown. d. Q% V* Z7 \' d p$ \
""" Return self<value. """ ; [6 A y8 Q6 S5 K" O) P& f pass+ A S# L) V$ ]( m; P. l$ R
' I% l# u( u8 b7 s7 S
def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown$ @9 }+ [6 U4 ], O
""" Return self%value. """ 9 R. {' J- F0 E% u( O2 V9 B3 T pass 1 w4 k' ` c8 x% E% i$ u: V7 C4 ~+ _* z) Q2 m# k2 `1 ~2 C- H; t) b4 B
def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown) p; j: o% I" ~) e
""" Return self*value. """ ( g. m: N3 `& Q+ o' }$ N pass/ p4 D% M) M' `/ a
9 ~7 d9 T2 @5 ?( ~ @staticmethod # known case of __new__ , f; g/ S( H4 o8 d8 j def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ! Y; V' s1 |0 G& n7 x4 A: x* m """ Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. """ , R- _ {9 X7 ?5 p0 i9 d pass 5 k' c" L- [. U: F6 a " j5 s \. p* S; @3 l6 E def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + Y% J& X; v# g$ W& ` """ Return self!=value. """: U- x+ e% \! V# p3 l1 |/ X
pass - C) z- l$ u3 H9 _1 B6 [5 j8 U$ b 9 X* s6 X0 _4 c) _ o5 ]1 N/ J8 R \- ] def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown7 h9 \( m9 p* [3 B$ Z3 w6 ]
""" Return repr(self). """ 6 n* U/ k1 r$ I W) M* ~+ h pass . ]* j) A/ |) z" z J 3 U& G0 }# t& ^; }7 V( Q5 h def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown/ O# \, N% l$ x( v( ?# s9 p
""" Return value%self. """1 }$ G- V) w) A5 ?
pass ! t! f2 }4 J8 \4 A; ]& N2 u' b4 r; u8 U
def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ; N4 R4 ~* f v% C- k% X """ Return value*self. """) o. ~% v- B6 F% j$ n
pass 5 V( r# f8 u) N0 m# K" |1 \ 4 I- B6 w8 p3 M- \3 @, N) i9 { def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown, g4 z$ N1 J6 r/ V
""" Return the size of the string in memory, in bytes. """ 7 z/ D [, I& @& O pass3 C! q* g/ x/ ^% X
" A. s' T- t0 B6 q$ O def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown1 v0 ^; r, K# U% O% V
""" Return str(self). """ " `2 k+ F! g3 d1 k6 M3 f pass ' z9 @$ K2 q( F ! D8 \& r& u$ R$ B1 * Y! C9 e) g3 {# L: g4 {7 O$ Z2 ) n% R( f' k( G( y/ e. H' _4 V3 5 O% {' b1 C8 a o40 H+ Z. G, S' p8 u
5% l1 `5 {' G+ f. ~! L. \
62 b) m) M: f' j& {. S
7 1 D/ \; ^1 t% ~" _9 \+ }7 t8 V$ X/ q! L- J- N
9 & E- G7 e2 X, [; l8 V104 K+ m$ z" k5 E: V1 B% j
11, w: Z. c! I: i4 m% H# `
12 0 ]& w: [5 X C1 M/ [3 [$ M: ]13 + k* Q' C4 a# u* |% U ^145 B) \' B! o4 Y; z
15 0 f, n( j, m+ E A$ w' y v16 ! f: \ O* c4 P5 I' K& W17 T4 D* j( b: x7 U18) U' U0 R, {; M/ Y
19 . m3 l; r ?" _0 m v20* n' E x& Q! o, s! `9 \& D0 O1 A
21: ^- `$ v+ X: i1 J
22 0 {: |5 {" I4 B23 ! B& I p6 B( |$ F) y% B; D3 V24 " h( b7 w1 v* U7 T. u3 Y; r9 b( X257 A' c9 B! q S( X7 g9 F
26 O; \1 M/ @$ I1 e27 1 M# K: A1 N6 B' Q1 Q% X$ K28/ h7 {% c. V0 N3 O" ?
29 ! F( g- l% `, e% c5 ?: N304 `5 J u2 r: Q. w) g
31 ( ~4 y* `$ i4 q# a32 9 K+ D4 \# j6 d; A% `33 + H1 P$ T+ z7 n# D9 k6 n34 2 M9 W* X! `& o; A; B2 u3 U359 [4 G. X, o# ]- K0 Y8 N. M7 y
36) R- W* K! g; P/ C, F& D; B7 U
37( q( }5 x' J6 H% P& y( J& G. K
38- z( l3 q6 Q F0 }
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1.字符串操作符' {" U4 o8 k1 @0 D" v
操作符 描述 9 p. K; \4 n/ |, E9 F2 _) |! P+ x+y,连接两个字符串x和y + c6 W3 [: I, v' f* x*n或n*x,复制n次字符串x " P. f+ y* N3 v' j( h/ H4 rin x in s,如果x是s的字串,返回True,否则返回False' F: D1 b8 ]. {( m$ p$ L9 B
2.字符串处理函数 $ v3 e5 u, r+ L* M0 ]函数 描述5 d+ D: P- Q3 w, f
len(x) 返回字符串x的长度,也可返回其它组合数据类型元素的个数 1 E3 x- B4 N9 N y; h& T5 Jstr(x) 返回任意类型x所对应的字符串形式- S6 W4 B8 h2 |7 G; J
char(x) 返回Unicode编码x对应的单字符4 _2 G) [+ k% | W. Y% A E& J
ord(x) 返回x表示的Unicode编码4 F' X! G- ~+ f9 t" F
hex(x) 返回整数x对应十六进制的小写形式字符串 . j% Q# Y4 |* o7 `/ ]' u& soct(x) 返回整数x对应八进制的小写形式字符串$ u5 c8 N& b B0 |+ d
3.字符串处理方法! p. l$ b/ U. {4 Z) _
方法 描述' e. B* q( @0 S% P8 s
s.lower() 字符串s全部转为小写! `4 L1 X" ^) Z6 s$ S1 B! h7 `
s.upper() 字符串s全部转为大写4 C: D5 u% @4 G Y
s.split(sep=None) 返回一个列表,由s根据sep被分割的部分构成,省略sep默认以空格分割, ], V4 x, d s4 K2 ^# h* ~9 s
s.count(sub) 返回字串sub出现的次数7 u( W; a, H( u% f) K* s- e- y4 ~4 a
s.replace(old, new) 返回字符串s的副本,所有old字串被替换为new . s1 T0 |& K& l8 h; n) I3 \! k4 js.center(width, fillchar) 字符串居中函数,fillchar参数可选 6 o8 i: N# H/ N1 A. m/ V% I5 fs.strip(chars) 从字符串s中去掉咋其左侧和右侧chars中出现的字符& J% u5 c5 U& ?5 b
s.join(iter) 将iter变量的每一个元素增加一个s字符串 # f/ R. O+ K8 ~. D! S5 T4.字符串的查询操作 5 o _" ]( X* o) p& _方法名称 作用 2 F' m; t- P, s, qindex() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 7 |7 a& Z A- G# v6 g& n. @" Z! ]rindex() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 9 {' o& f' j+ ]5 n( ]find() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1 % L3 [( n5 }( C2 y) Srfind() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1 + Z; b, ^0 @3 j" J* @$ s, s''') v* P y( r2 E; Z4 L* ?( }
index()查找第一次出现的位置 抛异常: T) y. f; b3 W7 E! |- s
rindex()查找最后一次次出现的位置 抛异常 1 I" q# p2 q' G0 L3 a+ E& }+ e/ Q+ G: A4 j& V
find()查找第一次出现的位置 不抛异常,返回值为-1 2 h" Y, U8 G' j6 zrfind()查找最后一次出现的位置 抛异常8 W. a2 W4 T8 Z/ K7 d s
''' " P {5 q& Q7 u; s; Ws = 'hello,hello'* ^. v( ]) y, F2 y* P4 n6 e
print(s.index('o'))( n: C: B8 v6 E0 Z, I/ O
print(s.rindex('o')) # t0 ~) _: Y+ q7 w9 V7 c5 T& Dprint(s.find('lo'))2 C V, V5 c# a" W! k
print(s.find('ui')) # -12 a; J1 X& Z( k" \7 F
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5.字符串大小写转换操作1 e' W/ O. Z% [1 ]( x* } f
方法 作用 / @4 M+ i) \- }9 Y) u2 Eupper() 把所有的字符串转换为大写字母0 W0 V: g- F+ f
lower() 把所有的字符串转换为小写字母 2 _- P) m1 R; S' P- J/ |) H8 Hswapcase() 将大写字符转换为小写字符,将小写字符转换为大写字符。 9 \5 y' w0 }! ]" F, R: A& \" Z- j2 N1 ycapitalize() 使第一个字符为大写字母,其余字符为小写字母, k9 ~' V5 r) \/ C+ R
title() 返回字符串的一个版本,其中每个单词都有标题。更具体地说,单词以大写字母开头,其余都以大写字母开头区分大小写的字符小写。 & W$ i% _# p; m! u# j. A5 Y3 @# 字符串的大小写转换 * G0 K1 ^, F& F' Q4 K4 T+ G7 k# 1.upper()把字符串中的所有字符转为大写- }& L$ L. L/ ?3 P
# 2.lower()把字符串中的所有字符都转换为小写# d6 Z k6 ]7 e* q5 f. W' N; i
# 3.swap case() 大转小,小转大+ U0 h- ~4 t7 l
# 4.capitalize()把第一个字符转为大写,其余字符转为小写 # w; v4 \! D6 z# G# S0 W- v) ^# 5.title()把字符串首字母转换为大写,把剩余的转换为小写 7 B7 @3 f, Q6 J* U* D2 v/ G$ o* F- O
s = 'hellopython' . R( Y4 o: i' Oprint(s.upper()) # 转大写0 ` H% ~4 k+ v- X8 _5 B3 \2 k
print(s.lower()) # 转换后id改变,会产生一个新的空间 9 U5 Z6 ~$ q/ J1 U7 Mprint(s.swapcase()) / y1 B* W/ b" @- L* {. v) @, |8 Wprint(s.capitalize())! Y: G- i$ a; J/ D# i7 }& Z/ @) x9 p
print(s.title())+ x2 ?2 v$ g% z: t$ y
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