3 g4 h0 }' [, j; W1 M/ ]% L# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- ) k& {1 m& w" j2 `' d# @FILE : demo24.py * _) ~1 W! c3 c; @/ {. f" w/ n" r0 B# @author: Flyme awei 0 O9 E1 Z* c9 }8 o0 y: K1 O# @Email : 1071505897@qq.com $ b0 M2 q; j0 Z( B8 R& v# @time : 2022/8/11 16:07 " R+ `2 i- g. z, r0 j2 I5 ^- P. P & y) n ]7 P" k* {9 J0 ]. T2 g0 z) R# z7 ?& u7 S- J& b
a = 'python'; }" F% ?; G$ H' r( Y
b = "python" " l( V K7 k' {9 ^c = '''python''' 5 y3 t U$ b4 \- q$ Kprint(a, id(a)) " t4 u4 _6 J& G: q9 o. }" dprint(b, id(b)) / s `; C) J8 hprint(c, id(c))/ r }( g* }' n8 b" c
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g( G1 m3 ^2 @ [& L3.字符串驻留机制的几种情况(交互式)5 ^8 M4 c2 m+ B4 ~5 y
字符串的长度为1 + ^( s* A, O6 s: y5 c符合标识符的字符串(只包含字母,数字,下划线) / ^4 Q) F; a- O" y% p2 r字符串只在编译是进行驻留,而非运行时 7 q3 N# |4 B4 X$ Z8 S. Q[-5,256]之间的整数数字 ( Y5 J/ I: K& C4 a, q2 t>>> s1 = ''( h; a6 l1 W0 t- w( Z6 x9 }
>>> s2 = '' $ ^# m- d5 u# b+ o* r6 w( N* o. I>>> s1 is s2 ' b! ~8 q9 r8 k. x; \* h9 STrue m; T, I0 f% E9 h& G# n/ s- v+ C>>>( ^! Z( T- l5 B0 ?% {7 X& d3 K
>>> s1 = 'a'. _2 z2 m2 s0 r: H+ Q
>>> s2 = 'a' ; T: Y9 t. U; f* h3 V>>> s1 is s2 + x* w. m2 U( U# PTrue 2 y4 S: m; g- X, }4 T5 ~3 q>>>+ b( z! L1 y9 I; C' S- p, D
>>> s1 = 'abc_def'" r1 i0 v! ?( I4 F8 X/ X) U
>>> s2 = 'abc_def' m! E. H M' f+ l- J) m: y
>>> s1 is s24 E2 l& {3 L& J
True 6 a; t4 L4 _; m0 ~1 j>>> s1 = 'abc%def' ' K" x: j1 T5 v1 u$ C3 n>>> s2 = 'abc%def'' A3 K/ o" T; f7 x
>>> s1 == s27 s9 Y+ t+ V+ ~
True, `- p2 _ c( K. H* j7 F; ^
>>> s1 is s2 ) v/ f& u* C" E B7 EFalse ) f2 d: W% o/ d1 `3 _>>> ) B6 ]% p* B9 c1 ?. }1 X>>> a = 256 " W) Z* _6 |1 w& r1 x2 B; _>>> b = 256- v* P; t- c+ p
>>> a is b ; K2 M9 u4 @# }4 d3 b4 @) ]True $ b: F S) l2 h& l, M>>> a = 257 4 [2 M5 ~) B$ m" z>>> b = 257 . C8 s7 |4 e1 G7 T7 y% w+ f>>> a is b- C( X) P$ z4 A" F- b
False 0 F F3 B ?* {# z>>> a == b 6 n" S4 v# |. o2 _4 b5 n0 a1 S2 ^% ZTrue6 H" v. ^( v7 I1 q5 Q
>>> 1 I) f H6 L8 x! U
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4.强制2个字符串指向同一个对象% F+ s/ f3 H E, u" t4 `( e
sys中的intern方法强制两个字符串指向同一个对象 ! w& a, e+ Q8 p. v, `& m! c, ~3 u* X W8 q6 `
'''sys中的intern方法强制两个字符串指向同一个对象''' " W4 Y' Z; h) }3 Simport sys & {# n8 w9 f$ T. I' x, G% Ga = 'abc%' + ~# K2 l/ L1 ?' i6 p8 z/ {* bb = 'abc%'- Z; ^/ `5 R! p/ b; y4 X7 f# ]
print(a is b) # True1 i" W3 a+ n5 n1 x2 ^ z0 b5 {
a = sys.intern(b) 5 _* h1 Z1 j* t1 }print(id(a), id(b)) # 2989905230512 2989905230512 - b) f$ ]( N: \' e& E$ V6 E- R: Y3 ?4 S
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2 5 t1 w9 K" B7 q- L- w+ _3 ; V2 n8 {8 ? A5 {' z4 # x0 C/ o% {. `5 4 K. W) f; q: m( T) }6% U. E3 D$ j, ^ ~6 b2 q* n
7! }/ M. {- J& n; M; `: P
8 ! T9 Y( b" s2 l1 {5. PyCharm对字符串进行了优化处理: q2 ?8 C$ M7 N2 Q+ q0 W# z
6.字符串驻留机制的优缺点, {$ P! q8 Z2 {! b
当需要值相同的字符串时,可以直接从字符串池里拿来使用,避免频繁的创建和销毁,提升效率和节约内存,因此拼接字符串和修改字符串是会比较影响性能的。- Y# B! y* Z+ S$ {
) e% L8 _" Z% B0 H0 ?5 f/ | 在需要进行字符串拼接时建议使用 str类型的join方法,而非+ ,因为join()方法是先计算出所有字符中的长度,然后再拷贝,只new一次对象,效率要比"+"效率高 。 ; P, M; ~& d5 f5 a0 F2 }0 q$ v+ f% M' s6 `3 P5 F* ]
二、字符串类型的操作9 a* e" g {; U( O* P
Python类str内置源码: 3 ^8 c) ?4 I: t$ s) @ 4 J- I1 R- d" y3 W0 C P8 l+ Cclass str(object):8 o' ]" M7 W& x! O
""" 2 n: M5 v8 y. f str = "(对象)——> str$ t$ v; L5 \: b! i6 q
8 q; M3 _0 `) l
Str (bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> Str & g& r8 t# n6 p 6 x9 Z- F$ j6 ~, t W9 T6 x% E& m7 z 从给定的对象创建一个新的字符串对象。如果编码或,则对象必须公开数据缓冲区 " O. P. t/ E4 H* N5 x |0 K) W 将使用给定的编码和错误处理程序进行解码。 , p4 j2 q. i# h4 R% g+ R ( M; @" K' n* n0 V
否则,返回object.__str__()的结果(如果已定义)或repr(对象)。 ) @2 z& I) H/ U# O2 d- Q' J) r 4 L7 x, }4 @1 U6 Y' Q: N! |$ D' I 编码默认为sys.getdefaultencoding()。' h- h* V- \& _& U4 m8 w" Z9 q
& s7 h* F' k$ s8 O# \$ N6 z6 u
Errors默认为'strict'。* J& r) R- c4 M& q+ j
""" 2 m, H- y' ]2 E) N7 P def capitalize(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 r+ D7 P( ?/ Y+ H# I: n
"""' d2 x/ P/ N! K" Z- D
Return a capitalized version of the string.' M Y1 ~+ n, P" P$ e4 _' D2 U
! M6 r1 _* G6 Z% O& f
More specifically, make the first character have upper case and the rest lower: g W9 Z$ | ~3 @0 M& A
case. 0 t( l0 X) J. r* z' ?7 J """' h, r0 c) p# W; U/ I1 c$ V
pass 1 P2 [9 V$ `9 d; K- [6 ^2 u( U1 T1 k# Q& ]; ^! ?
def casefold(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 8 W3 R! a1 a$ P """ Return a version of the string suitable for caseless comparisons. """4 {/ B: X% K8 n
pass 8 m z* j1 q3 U( R0 y& X, k" A8 @: q" M( y5 }3 a0 @
def center(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 0 F0 n5 t' H: ~2 E5 G% C+ z """# K% y X- D" C5 W9 @5 n- q
返回一个居中长度为width的字符串。 8 s0 B+ L( e- t! i: g P! I4 d6 C
使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。- K8 h6 f1 A5 O) k% E+ x
""" ' |8 P6 e0 N! o2 D% H' ]% @) x- A pass: c/ \9 U8 `# ^5 l( U! }
1 P+ ^1 [- Q9 e8 j ?0 }5 i
def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__) D4 d, \ l5 t) v
"""% ^$ m7 {5 d# \- E
S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> ' [3 M* F( U( {+ W2 _8 F1 v* H3 [
int .count(sub[, start[, end]]返回子字符串sub in不重叠出现的次数; J6 M+ r; L! {6 a; e& o4 a1 H4 I
( z% q; }0 N# l& N* s
字符串(开始:结束)。可选参数start和end是用切片表示法解释。# f+ l c/ e3 r: i. S @
""" ) r- I; k$ C$ M: ~+ S5 P0 i4 e return 04 Z1 ]8 f8 T- G8 K" n
0 X, r, h- S7 P2 A( D1 {/ `& `
def encode(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 5 E; g. ?1 \/ g& _ """1 d! g$ `: ^9 |) c8 n
Encode the string using the codec registered for encoding. : ?0 V8 ~! Y, |; i2 ]3 f. M6 n( n5 |4 b9 ]$ k7 v# A3 w
encoding # O* Y' _6 S* m6 @6 v9 {5 t The encoding in which to encode the string. / ~6 \9 u8 v8 N r errors 7 I o: W8 a: Z6 W2 A The error handling scheme to use for encoding errors. L0 [4 e \ @# W" u. u' |% W
The default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise a8 o" u! m. n Q4 h# O8 w
UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and $ l3 V, b. u6 O* X 'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with 4 q& y- M3 o! k! w2 H& a) Y$ l: u codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors. h/ Y1 m# a2 V3 z2 S7 ^6 l9 | g" }2 t! B/ b1 _: b4 K
使用注册用于编码的编解码器对字符串进行编码。/ g1 ^$ a" j) x I
+ h8 Z: V8 Z' P# d; n9 l: ?& c8 A 编码 4 O& W: j9 h: M- u7 U, r 用于编码字符串的编码方式。& I R8 {9 z! A2 O
错误 6 Q1 q) b- t, Q 用于编码错误的错误处理方案。0 z+ R* Y% x4 x
默认值是'strict',意味着编码错误会引发UnicodeEncodeError。 ( M7 K/ I& E1 g" ]6 j 其他可能的值有'ignore', 'replace'和'xmlcharrefreplace'以及注册的任何其他名称编解码器。' G7 j4 M5 e9 T3 `
可以处理UnicodeEncodeErrors的register_error。9 v/ V3 s3 ^2 p: Z5 E- a. r% T
"""8 q- p7 r u5 L5 X; G
pass , _3 a& w+ n g% Q0 ` - c. P: ? K/ Y- f8 \; B1 b def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__) C3 f& \3 T- G* K9 b
"""% ?2 e. O8 `' \9 `' Q
S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool ; ]$ a5 d1 `7 z6 C- |9 A |5 t& y4 G1 I1 p) [# C
Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise.% M' C0 s" V7 @: _1 q
With optional start, test S beginning at that position. $ J- n; C3 C9 b* l7 w& m With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. , k/ S! c+ j1 l4 C9 V n/ ^ suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try. & ?) W" @; T# S Y8 D. [ """ o% L' l; i$ w; I7 S4 D* I return False . @1 U0 ?7 [! z5 h4 e6 i! M3 ^) E: `7 u) Q: \; {' [2 G
def expandtabs(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 2 u3 V& ^# y e """4 P" R2 Y3 c. p$ b& ~$ n
Return a copy where all tab characters are expanded using spaces. 6 S9 |7 ~2 W3 N2 G3 x8 m) z5 \ 7 r- T# v" O) G: k& U) x If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.2 I& Y' n" c/ p6 w
""" : P! V$ K7 t# k( C/ e% x) ~ pass " H7 m$ A7 F( f6 b$ c6 P9 [" a/ C# X+ q8 w3 }% Q
def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__0 H. x ?3 H$ G) `8 n( Z5 y" L
""" 7 |2 `; n; n9 s1 \ S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int4 R3 g6 y8 d% s
% X1 B# V: M8 j. A: ]% a' M0 f
Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, + [- r( _: p2 Z C0 C* Q. m such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional % V- q) h1 E! `8 a* @5 s4 m% E arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. $ `4 Q" C8 a. b7 o1 G, X5 D0 H5 I4 }
Return -1 on failure.% _ v9 n6 q. T2 z
2 s0 B7 F1 n4 Z$ U- M$ g S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int1 e- \/ `2 P, _+ J! n; {* ?5 H
& @- z L) P- d4 }$ x
返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。 . X% H) `/ e1 J$ D" e- n* V 可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。 0 E. |: i9 e$ q$ G a5 E8 w ( ?. l r6 }( q6 ~) _# w
失败时返回-1。# a3 z7 e0 I r& l4 v
2 y" W0 x4 ^. V' S( A, g
""" 3 z+ m7 f* Y5 m( E) Q- K, L# e$ H5 T return 0 + m9 z1 O5 N4 q C$ M( z. D7 x" }0 M8 H( r9 k
def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format 2 j/ v( y8 q$ o """1 [' U( c8 v3 p" R% v
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str7 N5 z! h" r) ]6 p8 A- S, w
. x0 G! m# @ R( Q1 L Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs.* @* ^1 l# X5 t) g* f7 ^
The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}'). 0 n- B2 ~6 x8 \( j$ i1 H' e0 G 4 l5 K3 Z5 l& A: B S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str ! }5 W. e$ b6 G2 u" _3 b, g: a; t, }6 v" G" B
使用args和kwargs的替换,返回S的格式化版本。 # ]/ y& W* K) J" P8 E/ Y 替换由大括号('{'和'}')标识。& T+ {; C7 d$ B0 m3 C
"""( {3 U# \$ r6 r. ]9 _" J
pass 0 { N5 y6 W5 a3 f8 w" \- g, s7 O. a ' c+ ?, Y/ Z t' L def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ , I6 V8 o! S' {# C3 m) B8 k% h """7 z$ N( j( b- g5 m9 W0 }! f( \
S.format_map(mapping) -> str! N: q$ y" I+ t# p) W$ q7 W# j) D
! w" T* K5 v& N( S; t# C* N f; Z+ _
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping. 5 [7 J( q8 b w; y The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').' f2 x7 s' M! p: ~
"""+ M' _" p7 v0 I6 V4 R
return ""+ x* g0 m/ G3 L$ a8 u# Z: L
& a! D3 ?0 Z& B; T; j/ b def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__2 ?+ v8 n) l2 L+ A! t3 K
""". p; V) T4 Y! Q
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int " K0 t9 G! X9 }: \8 u6 D # r2 l' a4 F# Q( e# G, U7 y$ \ Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,% Y, {; }6 `% E* x% z" [
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional1 h" B9 c+ N' T# p0 V
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. + E% @% q$ X2 X9 r 0 s5 L- r9 {, ]# d: K7 e7 \ Raises ValueError when the substring is not found. ' I. z7 t+ d& O$ ]- d# @; A1 a; E, |
S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int : U$ x9 p3 C0 ^, U( ]* w' r0 Z: ^, b .index(sub[, start[, end]] / M2 W* F, E* h8 e M. y6 D- A) X7 O9 N
返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。 9 s0 O; `/ ` @, y 可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。. F6 B+ Y* \/ ?1 _2 K9 f
5 }- \$ \+ X# a0 G7 F V: X E9 C 当没有找到子字符串时引发ValueError。 , @. q% ^1 Y, `9 V* D' S6 O """5 Q2 p& p6 F" k0 W
return 0 0 o/ ]2 I2 n$ v/ b3 ^* \ 1 C6 i; R; s+ C* ]6 u def isalnum(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown$ `5 |2 M+ n& a3 m* ^+ E' ~3 m6 F
"""% J7 \2 o! J+ E6 S
Return True if the string is an alpha-numeric string, False otherwise. & h1 |" l* B! f. p/ C/ h, E+ W5 f5 ] u4 a. h
A string is alpha-numeric if all characters in the string are alpha-numeric and/ X! v4 a. N( }4 X& F2 V1 H
there is at least one character in the string. , m/ {/ c1 D8 L* S3 m- b """ 5 ?3 ^/ m: e$ q0 _" c- l pass, \2 L7 k! }- d0 s8 }
' U6 r( d. T3 x5 z% P5 I
def isalpha(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 d) V, a- j8 P& S# s m0 C1 { """ / G7 L! Y5 M' X) g" ^2 M6 t5 B' w Return True if the string is an alphabetic string, False otherwise.9 j( Z0 T! z: O) }% W) A6 K5 q6 S% S
. t* \# a2 V0 l/ g
A string is alphabetic if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there' J+ {$ J# Z' `8 D& O- |; d
is at least one character in the string.) c9 Z5 \. m' G, q
""" 3 Z/ Y$ n" a- I K; _0 k! N pass ' t& Y" x% a; b" o' C6 V & J/ z6 g& m9 X def isascii(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 U& f, p2 U$ _7 S' I5 l9 |
"""" k( ]' x$ i6 ]" U9 w8 ^) D
Return True if all characters in the string are ASCII, False otherwise.8 Y1 d& j5 |8 K
1 `3 ]/ h3 U% [1 |8 h7 C ASCII characters have code points in the range U+0000-U+007F.7 B2 ^( r t+ s; x4 z/ B L& \
Empty string is ASCII too.* j( I- O7 Z. X, X# @
""" ! X& k: k* E/ M( [$ {% t pass 0 B9 a/ Y K }* Q7 n& E* @# D w* F
def isdecimal(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 1 V" L- E+ @) V, S( W """ 5 w) {3 I6 S, j: p' G. {2 E Return True if the string is a decimal string, False otherwise.+ T5 S2 P. q J$ j( m- I
, ]: V1 ~, k' a. o6 _* \* @
A string is a decimal string if all characters in the string are decimal and ; j/ r4 j2 F* X+ I$ A4 x" k there is at least one character in the string." i/ ]) E. w& ?% `9 } a$ n! q
""" ; f3 Q7 M" J# B/ K6 ] d& t" O pass / b* M9 e6 s3 l. q5 ]$ Y \1 j! M L# Y; r- e
def isdigit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 5 \% n+ U/ U: ^( i" _4 Y& O """ $ T! b' L5 c0 B Return True if the string is a digit string, False otherwise.8 M( O4 U! e7 T! G" ^
7 C+ Z) U) ?& e& [4 L. c* U7 ?: r A string is a digit string if all characters in the string are digits and there ' z% W; D' ?- V1 m1 R, F6 W7 Q is at least one character in the string. & t% ?. h( m! Q* t' m$ \1 { """ 1 z# L9 f& C6 {7 b$ c. F. i pass q3 r% R+ _5 x* Z. H" e* S) Z9 T! w; d& h/ T
def isidentifier(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; ]! u% f) `* C, I$ P
""" 3 p: Y( y. p# S) Z8 f; y% S5 m Return True if the string is a valid Python identifier, False otherwise. " k2 `" q9 C) j2 ~; k' W' M' ?# q8 T+ P/ P$ { ^( Z1 h/ w
Call keyword.iskeyword(s) to test whether string s is a reserved identifier,. o& g: e7 O* q" Y7 R
such as "def" or "class".; P/ r; B1 @0 P2 U! c# L
""" 8 U' {. F! B: m* D( u pass. R1 r/ `# I5 _. t5 X( s8 t) K
) V; \ R# u4 g$ b* P! d! v8 m
def islower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 2 v ]4 `) P) `7 G """ 6 I1 l+ P/ q, `5 T, \8 } Return True if the string is a lowercase string, False otherwise. " K+ ~! f1 V! H 8 P8 }% x0 X4 n$ s. a3 ? A string is lowercase if all cased characters in the string are lowercase and- q4 c) J/ {/ f4 A
there is at least one cased character in the string. 4 z d! I# d7 U6 K: k """ . [3 d/ q% J* _8 N) s$ D pass 1 D1 E4 D* y0 y1 X9 Q7 a X) M% \( y0 i
def isnumeric(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown( H) v, |, W% T5 o$ J0 w
""") j) }# @: p8 L# Z" ?, w4 a
Return True if the string is a numeric string, False otherwise. 2 E- Z W' g& h$ F) F6 J ( v) l7 p+ T% o A string is numeric if all characters in the string are numeric and there is at( c2 T# u9 W5 d3 E& e- L# h
least one character in the string. - n/ `' V7 s0 b u* L" ^" I """+ n: i# X" h/ n' z
pass" Q, `) |+ u4 D8 P* P
4 _3 `) ~6 }9 }' N def isprintable(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown U. Q1 u2 e+ G% _8 u3 `
""" 3 A# [ L1 u4 O, g$ E Return True if the string is printable, False otherwise. , z+ I+ R, X+ j6 z% c) j! X ; M9 o7 A9 R+ C( R7 e( J A string is printable if all of its characters are considered printable in 5 V" P( K4 Q7 g7 m repr() or if it is empty./ U1 W/ c( g# Y5 ]# u2 x
""" ) f" h$ B% |* I6 e- w0 w- u pass v% j0 j$ k' g
) k! E s$ x* s& @ def isspace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown+ `$ G) D+ g) v
""" 1 M6 f, M7 n6 X) i- f6 M' q Return True if the string is a whitespace string, False otherwise. " K& l/ w) b$ S7 R- S: O8 F" N; f* b X
A string is whitespace if all characters in the string are whitespace and there " y% o; U; O, [/ i# {& l9 e7 v is at least one character in the string.8 ` K) l0 q2 K0 J4 m: e$ V
"""9 g8 V% p8 e6 C/ a4 j/ C) A
pass $ O7 ^4 \1 v Z; q ! I1 r2 ~$ b, A* M. j/ [. s def istitle(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ! b* f+ F# P. s- E """ + w9 j3 C$ t( O3 h8 k2 k4 w Return True if the string is a title-cased string, False otherwise.( f! a5 B8 j# k. H$ `
( I0 g: S# I K# A0 f+ [
In a title-cased string, upper- and title-case characters may only7 B5 B. j6 l# u% `8 X6 k4 w
follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. 9 h Z# q2 _2 d+ i3 W: M6 \ """. U/ H5 } j2 q! u% ^+ M
pass! A7 c" v' z4 \! m) y: f! s" Z; c
: G( r7 |. E2 a5 {" w; A def isupper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown . D# @( Z& L" N7 s: V/ g' q """8 \/ d7 [! C. ~( o
Return True if the string is an uppercase string, False otherwise./ t5 z* i. q, [3 J0 T
5 L+ M8 @& b1 X3 k, M" Z- y A string is uppercase if all cased characters in the string are uppercase and# x: T/ }# B; j2 d x% E0 _
there is at least one cased character in the string. $ G. {% U$ P( H+ X7 T: J """. S: i F; I }' N& |
pass 7 A: V' z# x X- C+ y : ]1 K2 e3 ]! E3 V8 ?# m def join(self, ab=None, pq=None, rs=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__4 u; {$ ]. J7 U4 D6 E \
""" ! O: C; U" Q) y2 n! _0 j Concatenate any number of strings.3 o# C7 f" q& n
2 N$ r6 j; Y9 X3 a7 N The string whose method is called is inserted in between each given string.# I3 ?3 k/ i8 `
The result is returned as a new string.7 D; f6 L2 q8 p) @7 v
- o* b( i7 o: H- s A" @) {' r
Example: '.'.join(['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs' & X: ` [. P) C0 r# K0 y7 J* M7 K: L. N9 E1 ]3 e
连接任意数量的字符串。 2 l! I1 H3 } L0 p: J( i* I5 w; \9 g
调用其方法的字符串被插入到每个给定字符串之间。 - a1 K, c9 M: Y* l+ d+ r) a 结果以新字符串的形式返回。 8 E# ~% n2 o+ F y : L2 m$ U( V" V' e/ |, B
例如:“。”。Join (['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs' 6 Z) C( \( B9 V4 g1 J& e: L """: B4 I( V7 k0 v: H% ]" u5 C6 e
pass' }, g, ^# Q2 h# Y# r
) ?; q$ `( F# s7 D6 h
def ljust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 8 Q" J3 u A) I% G """$ O* E; [9 o2 @4 u! e# Z* P$ M4 R
Return a left-justified string of length width.- G6 u3 u4 g9 j
o0 z I' a* v5 b) t Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space). $ l4 r! }7 j9 j2 f% @- c8 Y E: r8 i: q: k g) U9 n
返回长度为width的左对齐字符串。 . \" `" q0 |. W2 Q9 _ , ?0 t1 _4 {+ _# N* Q5 k/ r. q 使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 , {* W: t) _& n) p """ % ?7 x, F# [* y5 y0 Q$ i1 ?6 B pass% J7 L# R3 R; G) b8 ^ g
* V+ A( E' D; ~5 \
def lower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + T9 [$ r3 o4 P' b* g* V2 N """ Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase. 6 B. F2 q& R% m4 x M
返回转换为小写的字符串副本。""": ]5 B1 w6 l' ]2 q& M, H; a
pass, ^- `. O' O# V
6 U4 T- \; ?/ @" y; R
def lstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown : G- e% K, F* }, U """ ~- r$ g Y- b L0 I
Return a copy of the string with leading whitespace removed.; Z" }7 X4 t- h# X; e0 J: O& \
$ \8 M. E T, Q4 `. s If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. 9 H" Y2 @* B3 h9 Q8 E+ r& ^" P; E' H" x. u$ K7 A
返回删除前导空格的字符串副本。 : [* X3 a+ Y! U2 g+ x1 ?/ K! G4 N& J5 m" Z1 o: ?( H2 u% v$ `
如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。" q5 J9 a$ M- b, w' A+ O, Q3 u' X
"""2 [; `) t+ J5 G& O0 ~( T5 {0 a
pass) n7 g7 v" e! t( [
6 u% [& e* P3 T6 f% X def maketrans(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown) [& h5 B6 z, W- @/ W- o L
"""! P ?# F, K: ^% z* _, G8 c# W
Return a translation table usable for str.translate().9 T0 B: f% t! D G* P% e* Y
Q+ n" P5 X: K! f x If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode 6 B9 j( d0 U3 ]* C# ?2 |, r ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None. V3 ?1 N0 u2 L$ `9 M Character keys will be then converted to ordinals.) V$ |1 ? W8 s% r# b$ Z) l
If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and 0 ^. b! r; t: B, H in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the : Z/ ^. \/ G( m9 i; p8 t character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it- w; A# @7 S& _3 W3 n' _
must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result. c$ N7 b2 K( B- o$ Z/ J
""" 8 Y$ T3 [" u) a# u. S& U3 c* [ pass ; k( E( s: _4 c+ {0 y 5 g3 B( M. z) u def partition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ; C- `% A, r: I: z """ 4 M& x$ O. C. i( j: v8 M U7 ]$ ] Partition the string into three parts using the given separator. . C5 |( _$ x2 u `" L7 t Y 5 }( S: |0 A9 g) F This will search for the separator in the string. If the separator is found, 9 G" r; U3 ^: f$ \0 S7 k returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator. g4 x4 B7 w9 b q
itself, and the part after it. : Q( C' S, B6 E1 K! z1 b6 P- t# l: A2 b! ?2 X
If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing the original string( Z d/ ]5 f3 F# X! H. b
and two empty strings.! e5 ~* \, C$ k! p
""" 7 l7 L+ ~; O# |- O! M, p pass 1 j3 d9 Y5 ^/ M& U2 |, B8 l * E& j% [4 [) E& f def replace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 4 [' ]- h# _/ d6 w """ " j1 {" @3 m/ E( ]1 v Return a copy with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new.( q7 ^2 a: L" Y) f, P( Y; z6 p- m1 g
D& ]6 D+ R* N7 f, O$ ~2 A+ n
count' p3 A+ |; O0 h& O; j
Maximum number of occurrences to replace." e/ q& w( K% z( U- o
-1 (the default value) means replace all occurrences. . F: p7 Q1 J& @" s6 ~* w8 ?' B. @ % O0 \1 V9 d& Z" k4 O/ j If the optional argument count is given, only the first count occurrences are& e$ Q' c* J% O2 M: t
replaced. , L }* o9 F- n) D) ^% g* T$ s/ G, W3 U3 T% b/ ~& K
返回一个副本,其中所有出现的子字符串old都被new替换。 : f0 s _' k, i; \4 ?) J' }8 u ' f3 ^+ `% I) L, I) Y 数4 L! F/ w, n' F8 |& h. [1 i/ j7 `( B
替换的最大次数。$ G) ~0 x' Y% J/ z& {9 O5 ?
-1(默认值)表示替换所有匹配项。 % _: q! e% B8 |( X' F4 S 3 |0 c7 a, n) u. q$ }; H* @# H$ M 如果给出了可选参数count,则只出现第一个count更换。 5 w3 j3 R6 J8 {2 L) F, g" z1 Q """ " N5 Y9 S5 X8 j pass1 M# ]/ c m$ x
I5 g: ] f- o; S3 X- y def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__+ v3 Q0 g+ K: S8 L
"""3 R& R/ i2 r: Q z. z+ s) ^( a
S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int) X# m' P- \' _( k
5 D$ N, ~4 I/ y2 F B' l; T Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,& y4 P8 C6 v% ~9 n' _( C; C c
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional / r8 K$ _- Q. h+ T arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.* W$ u) ?2 g+ x( O: L- Y: _
% W$ h' Z$ a6 j; H+ q9 }) _6 S
Return -1 on failure. - z: h2 n/ H2 d" d! e. _3 o """ $ d! r. ?; {' P- U0 _7 K return 0 ! X6 K* J" ~% Y: r; Z5 y6 O+ O 3 }& b6 x2 E* O* b$ I1 F def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ ) v2 F1 {9 o; j """ 7 Y5 n2 A/ w! q8 h8 m4 m S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 0 _, U4 ^7 P0 k( O: H# l) g0 W4 v& c- [) K' O- ?
Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, # s' _7 o" O0 r& @ such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional3 G: k! ~; U. q& v, w- K5 h
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. # p; y4 p/ y; L& M$ A# R7 Z# P+ |2 c5 Y
Raises ValueError when the substring is not found. T1 i$ ]1 O2 H8 X! \ A7 x
"""2 O- L6 H2 F7 _/ L" ]" B3 n
return 04 S4 y O \- p7 E( d, N& _
4 R; F3 z0 d! R def rjust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 5 |) b, O' D" k/ J """ - F5 ?: K1 @0 H3 M' o& R; x Return a right-justified string of length width. m% V7 T/ {, I# o) H! \+ w* n- v0 Y4 _& k& E' x6 `; {7 K! V
Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space).) s! o6 J. Y( r! {3 F; ~5 s
* [+ w4 K# D+ _$ k 返回长度为width的右对齐字符串。: Z5 R$ i; ~ J5 [0 H) z
2 i" g6 j/ @! f& n9 x$ Q: T8 G 使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。) l3 N& H( z" z) m
""" 9 {) }- h' c3 k5 E: B/ O pass 4 s" s2 C+ p% m1 { 6 Z4 ~9 c4 ~/ s( S+ x9 N, \ def rpartition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown! F. y. {! v7 E# D! ]: j8 C8 W/ T
"""( N' g. V5 F% i5 K
Partition the string into three parts using the given separator. + |3 l" [( f. B3 D( G) T6 ?$ s& {4 Q/ r: F0 F
This will search for the separator in the string, starting at the end. If* u% {% h5 Q+ F/ B$ p
the separator is found, returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the3 `$ t( s! \! X" K: E: L& ^- k3 B
separator, the separator itself, and the part after it.1 E5 V9 y! }7 @( z) r" Q s
' d; i% c$ i% \. B( \ If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing two empty strings' K9 o( B/ w J+ `: V% |3 Z
and the original string. % e# r- w0 k! d) \/ _% [ {6 E """ 3 f0 V/ V i0 E; I( o pass % i) J& M3 Q$ j$ U1 |1 q: A/ _( V. m C4 u. n& ?4 `9 ?0 N8 m
def rsplit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 v7 U! ?" B* R! r( Q4 V5 I """ 6 A4 A$ Y7 l5 ~9 v1 ~+ H; \, R Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. ( o, H, R9 D- g5 b 4 b$ g! g/ t+ n" n7 J5 g. k8 W sep6 W( w6 Y+ K# p/ f6 Q
The delimiter according which to split the string. : s4 }8 s, u' |" |' }$ r1 Q None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace,4 h7 `2 a t4 B4 K- ^+ d5 j5 _
and discard empty strings from the result. j4 T+ Q. H5 X* n6 k) X$ k
maxsplit1 N9 s- l; }, p; T
Maximum number of splits to do.% W: x9 b) v# x I; B0 A( _; n
-1 (the default value) means no limit. " u# j8 z9 g! ]* b + {4 m0 W: V& l7 d Splits are done starting at the end of the string and working to the front. 1 F1 M9 |7 v* w6 P/ g7 e" f: o H5 f0 ]& R/ z! O
返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。 9 P2 t9 ^6 b) n sep 5 L/ @& J6 u" D& q& j' p 用来分割字符串的分隔符。 " K* D T5 I- l/ S/ c. Y! y1 { None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。1 F/ f$ R; d/ W
" F4 W8 y6 [& w4 F, x; h maxsplit) ^6 u, Y4 U) a3 ]
最大分割次数。 8 O& p F5 w+ w( h -1(默认值)表示无限制。 : |" @% Z7 `! H- r* i/ G & S P5 @! ?( _* D. d" _" S9 d 劈叉从绳子的末端开始,一直到前面。9 P9 |& W9 g# T. f# i
"""0 v3 B/ n# w: \; ?6 V: S. [8 u
pass 8 n& d( \, A3 Y9 c/ ? D r) f, |* J: Q/ H. `1 r
def rstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' N3 d3 g* }9 R
""", u4 e" B3 Z, j; O5 L
Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed. 2 `! H+ R0 t: Y3 K) E# D * V1 i: l& q. p* S: j If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.& w- W, X+ ~! `+ {. a
) k1 N) K& p, V5 \* E
返回字符串的副本,删除尾随空格。1 _( _, i% H3 z9 X1 ` V
$ X9 c; r6 _8 ~. b6 L 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 $ W- k' T; @# e) c- [ """2 T* m( l$ k3 W% E2 t. U' _/ Z
pass$ b% I* r3 n# q- D& a# W) Z
& o4 ^3 P# e7 a+ `7 p9 \5 h( V
def split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 6 H- V4 g" j: p4 j* b# k5 S/ b """ 4 ~1 a6 N7 |, z Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. ' f* S; \. }4 P9 U( ]2 V3 ~% [; |: `, q
sep. |4 b e/ a$ B" D r
The delimiter according which to split the string. - R4 p& ?. R. ~" H' }$ i* u& f6 s% M None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace,% }# {; T" }2 x9 }% o1 D
and discard empty strings from the result. 1 G. m; o! b, w5 o- e. x maxsplit , L8 X- i! I6 F4 h1 q p Maximum number of splits to do. % `5 \9 f6 e6 z, I( R -1 (the default value) means no limit.8 O! p0 Y6 O1 |" Y6 n9 S% L
""" # X. Y [" n1 b; S pass" S8 O$ M% i3 U' ]' W' x2 a U
; ?' D/ N* ]: N6 G def splitlines(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown8 x* |. I8 `6 |6 y3 z
""" % W1 t) Q1 |" x6 K4 M Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries. # ?/ P+ n; K* _" b2 L1 r* ] : }5 C7 U# T0 e Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and + H6 d1 ?/ U, i& Q% F% w$ k true.1 G" u+ `3 U/ n7 l. ]5 L- ~
""" ' L, D2 T' n( I- b4 S pass, F! Q4 a0 a. K
/ M+ K' ~5 g/ }8 g( y
def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__& I$ `4 k# Z4 |6 i3 K: h" [
"""4 R& i0 ^/ q+ |* Y2 k
S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool ; I3 t* |# ? W6 _3 e( Y+ n' A* ]* B: @3 u
Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise. / f/ \7 u% W1 Q# @& k( U0 P# M With optional start, test S beginning at that position.$ k4 z9 N9 D0 m& T# k2 P- U
With optional end, stop comparing S at that position. - q2 l$ M. V% J) T9 z prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try. `' Q2 Z5 G, v9 i+ u" E. M8 L """ # ^8 n9 O' k! |1 u; Z/ X0 _- m/ @ return False * l) b$ L( U& `" Z3 S % P1 k& O3 U1 N4 Z def strip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 9 ^2 H; ^) E+ b3 K+ @7 @ """( b3 x/ g+ A" A
Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed. . x# @0 y' R3 }/ Y & J, }' k2 L& j' Q- O' N* J If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.6 X# E: C7 d! ?5 A
: n# b( F ~; A; v
返回删除前导和尾随空格的字符串副本。% q& m' a/ l7 ]- E0 R
* \7 ?6 w* n+ R5 O) P# C* ~% I 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。 6 u: P) m; r1 o. @+ t7 C """# P% W" @7 w- u" f* x! y
pass * d( Q9 g: A% M0 M4 E& t" y. ^0 y2 x ; y( U1 C4 s- K def swapcase(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown & R1 g6 y+ v; d2 k' P, v, A' @ """ Convert uppercase characters to lowercase and lowercase characters to uppercase. """ 3 a; }* ^6 M2 M pass : H4 c0 Z8 A. k7 f 3 V0 ?4 u2 N |0 ? W" \ def title(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown- x2 x" Q6 w$ U9 r( }# P/ b
""" 1 x. r z b9 B& X Return a version of the string where each word is titlecased.- b" O* H- C* k3 q4 S0 f
* H# c0 I1 A/ F+ [7 e
More specifically, words start with uppercased characters and all remaining( t) d2 @$ b# ^, z8 G
cased characters have lower case.* L' T; i: Y# u# p4 n
""" ! ^- o1 w8 b/ Q' E7 W+ s b- W pass * g( Q$ W- G5 B6 Z$ W, ~ # ?; X- z3 q, ^ def translate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 4 q9 N3 s: |3 e$ b V( q. } """2 c* e/ v- J ]% K
Replace each character in the string using the given translation table. 0 ?5 z+ ^ Z' Z% X3 b + y/ ?' @! I# L* u) l g1 z table 3 m2 W9 e% F4 T# w0 L. Z Y/ K Translation table, which must be a mapping of Unicode ordinals to 3 b2 e, r$ y6 h# Y/ u9 [ Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. j& U6 K' F5 |+ U
6 m4 z! J* f. q: f; M6 @
The table must implement lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a# P7 Y; Y- H H7 C8 s
dictionary or list. If this operation raises LookupError, the character is/ t4 ~1 J6 M$ g: g) K$ t& U
left untouched. Characters mapped to None are deleted.! L2 F+ K+ z" i3 C. V, s
""" 8 H! M% _6 H$ P& R& o, v pass 9 Z+ ?5 J# @. Z' R/ ~* e5 c. a. N: c1 }/ Z" i+ |2 u9 K O
def upper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' a4 v0 {- ~5 l
""" Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase. """ + y5 m3 j! H4 r7 j pass U8 p, }: O \; J4 Y) |( a
8 T/ s1 M% A7 k$ E. R def zfill(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown4 N1 m2 T8 |1 s( `1 i
""" + A2 L, f p2 ~+ k& ^( c! W8 K Pad a numeric string with zeros on the left, to fill a field of the given width. # g# Y+ U7 c: b7 Z$ c$ t+ s. h9 F$ ^3 E# i9 B% o
The string is never truncated. ' q4 I, Z' z5 x: M """& W# {5 ^7 ^! v" _
pass* t# z$ X5 h( C1 {, X' U! D
2 V' ^: x" w+ E( Z; Z( U E; H! J" u
def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 1 ~; a! y6 ^) p8 B/ e, ^ ] h6 W% L """ Return self+value. """- t% t' s; @- G
pass* A" B, |; i( e6 D
4 F1 v2 J# f5 l+ z; l6 A def __contains__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 1 [! Z% Q" ]* y """ Return key in self. """- i8 {0 W5 {( [+ r
pass . S, h8 _: H5 V5 S1 f5 q0 P4 a0 }4 P, Y J, ^- F5 O
def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 3 r7 {- g: U' ~! ~$ G' w3 |; o """ Return self==value. """ 7 ~! ~2 N( T4 T0 g5 G pass 4 \6 o( M6 V- P$ g ! i! e6 H. W) d* r def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown( ], H& ?1 R" Q
""" Return a formatted version of the string as described by format_spec. """5 z& e) q5 _1 X y
pass 6 q5 Q* I0 a0 u+ Z5 C J, D- n7 s# ]6 k: V3 ? def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown" v9 y$ s C6 k; f% i# q
""" Return getattr(self, name). """8 e* K4 m' {/ N
pass , o: `$ G7 O( `2 G $ u) [6 w9 d ]3 Q) {- _9 [2 ^) Y. F def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown : C& d9 f, m: _* Q """ Return self[key]. """ Z4 }- S- z/ C( ?3 n# G- e pass0 p) N/ ~2 \$ I" {, m) J: r; `+ l) A1 k
) r9 }4 J; y2 F% K( u: y def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' r: X* L% Q4 H S0 M. K+ i
pass& _" O5 W: n c" \
/ T% v2 D) _$ j1 C% Y6 V6 o' P1 x! d
def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 ~$ Y- P2 j* l$ L$ Q% \4 i1 u """ Return self>=value. """6 ~5 [# B6 G; c8 W! j1 ^( `0 _) ^
pass, K0 {+ A- s: c( k7 ?
% B* T8 ^( W7 j+ Z" i5 K def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown % \! U: I' Q# Y ? """ Return self>value. """ ( k# a9 l2 [+ e" M" v; F: n, W" N pass' A: M# b G$ X$ L+ ], o9 [. X
0 S- r5 \# g4 i" w: s! B9 V def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' B1 v! L+ T; c6 k
""" Return hash(self). """0 S: `- W. h$ P- y) k
pass & {4 u7 {+ h6 f" X- o( B: W0 T" S, x1 }2 O1 ^5 J3 d8 T/ @
def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict'): # known special case of str.__init__& u `0 m( r! C+ I" w% Y$ z8 z
"""7 h5 B' C7 Z0 m( |) {: i
str(object='') -> str% ]& K5 _3 K, a4 \
str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str 2 b: L+ J2 m" z& {( [( { 9 t9 S" J$ x6 o( g9 o Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or : b' ?6 \1 z+ a3 V! P errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer 7 u1 X4 f3 K) ^" h, ^! ?8 B that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler. ! x# ?. d4 H* _7 W7 P. y Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined) 8 A+ d( A1 ?9 h) d9 t {" b9 T or repr(object). ' r6 u6 t; C' E# Q. t8 y, r encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().3 f W4 h& D& m
errors defaults to 'strict'.( Q# `6 y& Z5 _) b9 t4 A4 ] j$ U
# (copied from class doc)$ @6 h4 ^. K# l- ~2 f
"""% S; c. ]: e& g: S' O8 P" V
pass8 j' L2 l2 x K/ G2 b
1 {4 [ D2 @. a' x/ v5 I0 ~4 m5 G
def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown . P- j& t; F2 }4 H% @ W* |) S """ Implement iter(self). """ 5 P' J' T' \2 S$ u @% g! x. j9 \% r pass . S! e& o" V# B2 @( a; J- ]0 d7 S
def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 3 D. u. W+ R7 s+ O, U3 U8 ? """ Return len(self). """ ; l5 _3 S9 e t9 b J1 l$ K- ]) ~ pass ; Z) C6 E) r8 V& ?1 |. |$ ^3 J/ p ( v; D# y0 G1 {6 V def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown' L" C6 S: U* s/ f3 I, |3 V) w" w
""" Return self<=value. """4 Q& L2 c4 V4 H# E! I, Q; H% E9 L' G
pass ! f; K; b( [: D% ]& m8 Y" j , r7 y1 S. K% ]" e3 D, i5 i def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 p$ u2 w+ q; {! R
""" Return self<value. """ ! G- ~% _% U5 I3 Z: H5 F# P pass 3 k& k# F- i6 L . m# l* F0 R/ m* ]) g( i2 n def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown% ]1 J6 M( y: [1 F, ?
""" Return self%value. """# G8 P7 ~4 u# l; a9 m" U! o+ }
pass ( `7 g1 N, `% q% c. T9 }: f2 c$ h0 G2 Y' X# J& l8 g
def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown9 B9 m) M2 g$ q$ M1 H. |% o
""" Return self*value. """ " ~2 C- f0 N7 C* Q pass) T& {7 I) X7 y; P0 m2 L6 f* h
; g2 E0 P0 G, C @staticmethod # known case of __new__ , \3 I6 k; e# Q! Z. b def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 ?$ y- h. X! Y M """ Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. """4 l+ F! x- ]; f! o' h% v& ]! d
pass ( n$ Q K" T0 |. @ ' [9 f% S: I6 x def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown E& R( ]2 c5 }
""" Return self!=value. """ * m% ]$ P5 k: Z" {! a pass+ @' _9 P- r2 S5 m7 P: J; h) `( \
, F* f4 ~- }$ l s% T8 ~" G3 O
def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown - J" M2 T3 {3 b2 a# ? """ Return repr(self). """3 ]6 N7 P2 u; ?+ Q
pass+ c7 `3 H$ z' |$ t6 J
+ v3 N; j0 d5 Y" Z+ v
def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown* {! i" W0 w, _# I
""" Return value%self. """$ `& ~" s% x P( g+ C' T; A+ Y$ r+ K
pass % V/ Z9 O8 e- q" y9 ?+ y" m$ \1 g# n4 [0 Y4 N
def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown - E7 I( o+ t, s8 b* z* ~# a """ Return value*self. """6 E D5 g2 j* _' s
pass% P2 q; F- z2 ]5 a* N& R
+ S: Z& h M" j( n8 \
def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + |& e, e0 j' J) [1 g. m( `7 O """ Return the size of the string in memory, in bytes. """ ' z: ?. m; h% a pass, h2 y9 r C1 H0 p) e
3 u: _2 @" h9 u, E, Y& X- l def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; t8 j3 I- H/ {" S7 p7 X0 C. L) O/ I
""" Return str(self). """" C3 `9 H# j. q# Z1 s, {
pass7 H, B" I# j- O1 O% H1 F) i. |/ q. y
+ J; C- a1 ^' w, G# Z1( }$ ^: D5 K+ G3 C# j
27 K2 q1 a7 l; z8 Q/ H g
3 - h! V9 g/ M) A Q4 W) B; a4 : T/ e9 ]' B2 e1 ~51 j' a; H: F* w$ Y. ~9 P4 t* i
64 i% {$ r. @/ f, [
7% h6 s1 ?$ G6 [: ]* r" U
8 2 ]! k; e' R$ X90 G1 T' }5 H; E5 e# ~
10 & v/ x8 Y* c* \, c) x6 U$ d# {113 e) n0 L; F" e. H: K+ S
12$ |/ M0 i' }$ u* N
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17( Q6 i" W6 z& L+ V
183 j) s C5 b+ K# v$ x0 P) {, N
19 0 Q8 F9 m5 a1 q0 Z20 [& h+ y8 B9 H9 I21 * f$ E, t+ ]" f5 W% _22" y6 o! ^7 \4 [7 x: h' E
237 o1 x7 m# H0 T: n" j
24$ q9 t& W. [" _& @5 A
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27 4 T5 J5 k3 S1 a, q, ]7 ~! p6 I286 g* m( g N( d8 H) b
29 3 K0 l$ C# ^* H4 i3 A; w30& K% ~3 h" Z. R9 | z
31 " \% R G& w$ _32" x6 ^8 n; A0 z! s, f: S& _" ~
33+ Z2 l) A8 T3 {! f+ Y
343 ]) R- Y, f( \: Q, k0 [
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36; |! m6 }, ~& `: y, y1 j/ x/ q' Q
37 ) Z; h+ T+ |7 R- d) ~+ l386 A, U9 g4 z( F/ R
39 & R# o; x$ |+ S4 _" }40 `' e& q4 i% z- ~6 e- Y
41 : r1 A1 t- A2 F: \' h7 [42" C) E1 W' E: j
43 4 x4 X4 [7 J4 _# ~0 e c( e44 & `# a6 K }/ E! |6 o45 / E9 n0 ]0 m. O# V2 T9 R! j l4 W46 ! p5 X- C% n* v470 R# u) n) }1 w ^; o I+ {
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51 6 J4 ^/ @/ b/ j$ g$ J( n. w% {529 L0 ~, B- w4 y! p6 ~
53& l- N' T8 \2 l5 k1 t
54 6 k+ i/ v2 H$ s- b( n55 % m7 [- c& f/ n1 n56$ y0 Z8 ?" e/ L1 [
575 l _+ B9 [$ E! F1 b' M
589 Y7 S' F: V' S9 O7 u
59 2 H3 B; ~& |3 R8 ?3 y' `) k60 - d1 o, b! h" a9 u61 + j0 o# C. e* v. {62. y+ l3 Q) J9 R/ x6 Y# S7 b. i
63 1 u) F- O X: `1 M1 H8 ]3 t3 v64 0 W9 h$ V9 Q# N8 R% r65- p# x% L1 x J! b, _; p/ X5 {* A
66 : x4 o; Z' Y* n3 @, y67( b0 E r% b' N; m+ e. F
68 1 C1 G6 L( B& T# @- J69, H3 D2 g \0 _+ k2 M
70 ' C& t; _, v8 ]/ @6 M; ]8 X71 2 k9 Y+ t) F9 W; F7 M/ @ j72 4 }8 z0 F! W+ \: r( K% \73 F. j y. b- N0 l/ A# Q
74( F, u4 W9 T% I$ G G
75 $ r4 t! O8 N8 }' o5 I76 & v: _+ k& }7 `/ b+ }; O$ o# B( k# e- ^772 D7 ]; | x$ i/ Z
78% h4 Y- E8 Q5 a: ]- C& a- t
79 * P! [0 l9 a6 c" u80 " b' R7 b& P9 j- q81 1 _! }" ]3 h# N* u* L82, Y; a: ^, G- f# H4 p/ P) B
83 ( B0 I/ r, h' s84 # O6 J0 ^. k; b7 o. \# n856 c6 y3 l8 w! D- { D
86& }9 |* j0 C7 G, Q' j
87 % E$ w, o6 O+ q: R1 p88 . S9 S) I, `4 x& U6 O4 K/ I89) { n/ j; f- N
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91 % @6 h% q- I0 \6 u) A4 @! K% d! p. `923 w2 A; g" @6 U; E- F+ k
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96 # x- |# \& |8 l) c974 U7 o& P# F! b
98. [* c6 a; N8 N: _" U9 Q4 Y. G
99 8 X7 v) F' R& s- c100% s4 P1 s' I( P5 ]+ t
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102 + |* o3 \: F8 c( S# l103. d" F4 u6 _0 j2 Q4 U
104 * ^9 a$ H% H. ^4 W& y3 @105& w0 j- ?/ i x# `+ b# b6 M
1066 I* N( I* s0 ~) B
107 # L4 i% b) L! a# h7 X6 I1 U- R7 e& x1087 p* G6 {. a5 l, b5 M, [" b: d8 ?
109+ ?6 T/ |+ S. M4 G( ^. u$ R( J
110 & B7 q* p! p# h111 & J& {! s6 W, O6 O+ b5 f: Q+ U2 g112- d" {8 ?4 w4 e2 }5 x
1131 I: h; j- Q5 A( G. W9 y% B& K
1149 L5 T& f5 t$ Y$ V& k
115 , x( V" s' _2 L. z116 ' W6 r. y3 o N3 r9 u3 |- V117( {% `6 _: j# w, L
118 % f9 ?, U: b) |1 t$ k. G$ R119 % G4 ]2 V4 ^3 S120 6 l' Q8 x& ?+ J1215 f7 p4 G5 R2 F' [
122 $ |/ C& S) ]& j x' m123+ y$ n2 u5 J, m) u! `9 G L5 F" |' ]
124% p( e& ^! t) |4 W, L- K2 _
125 u2 u% M: ~4 n% Q0 V
1262 s& D- ~& v: [4 C; m, J/ ^
127 - t! M* N* E' s. [128 $ z: d! |) f) t% Q- G F4 B1293 {( I$ `7 X, x2 ]. g9 o, z( J; |
130 6 |! O, B% t9 u6 k3 c131+ R# O$ N( c) q) C2 E5 q
132 2 x3 ~7 i$ i- [1 [3 P7 |133' `% I( b/ z4 C( |, u3 w+ t
134 4 x6 V) h% @8 ^( d% L135' N; `" a% L b4 k# M
136 ( U- [8 r6 L$ ~( E( V, A* J+ n137! S( }1 p7 N$ x
138 9 I5 g4 i% [' t139) [' y8 J* j" d; ^) L5 j
1401 z4 f3 \& b7 n' c# M
141 * L$ \+ z5 C" _% |! i142 + j' G9 A: \1 y: \/ w143 + t! v. I" `. O+ D ]6 J X7 o144 $ J# d# J7 G k7 k+ X J145 # R* A3 [; ^+ Q, u146 4 }* H9 K9 p7 k; x/ Z147 $ k6 W" F$ ?9 N$ T, m8 r6 e148 * R, B4 R: Q' X% {, v9 D# N9 ?1496 g' K7 M' z( U9 Q1 R
150# X# X( D: ?$ i
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152 " F' C( N4 R) p: g" E( ]1 Z153* z$ Z% S R% P, h z# J
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161" A9 c* j9 J D' d3 f# I
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164 & d/ e1 J5 z0 x/ k165 6 r2 r! P: d K4 h K166 3 N/ D3 a& i) v+ B! v9 ^5 `167, I( n( [' C2 R3 z* O4 R$ z
168 2 p8 q! J( u/ T+ S. D$ a169 0 ^) K* p, T8 Z# L170$ \5 Y# ?/ F( s/ Y+ K/ g9 B" |2 z
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176 ; j( N8 Y$ f3 S5 W. C( U1774 m) ?' H! t! J m; |# F# o5 H
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179 , `6 h2 l2 d: a6 `( w1 E180/ c3 y8 q, ?! c n# V. U7 {8 r
181 % W1 L8 w8 t, n p% B1826 ]0 m0 p. s; X
183 - x+ g* f/ h0 I- Y6 M5 ?184 : t/ Z5 @3 Y0 Y185& S) ^. S7 e2 M: Z0 {
186, Y3 x* U: V- O/ j2 t' ?
187 . \2 m9 K! B7 h% O188 8 [5 u d0 {! ~5 D1891 G! j1 L! E. y" X1 x
190 ) ?% o" y1 U+ o7 I, m4 N191 ( ^" N7 g7 w: }2 G192 : V ?8 Z5 W5 Z0 p) m% V- i) C193( u# ?( o" t% K" n! H. s8 _
194 & r' y: w! J- z6 {: F; @! y1954 h n h! g7 ~+ }- k+ K
196 9 ]9 \9 p8 `: v1 @3 p197" t; f( P: J" d$ ^+ O$ E- ]
198 6 G1 v9 G, v4 Q% n1 }) m199" A3 U$ x0 T: t* ^- O& ]! e
200 ! a7 g8 w: {7 p1 j4 N& H3 B) t201 5 ?1 H$ T2 N& V: K) T202& T% R) k G2 b3 M' S
203 . A. x8 o2 g* f. n204 ' L. e* C2 Z8 I" h# S2055 ?+ V# j2 b% p9 o
206 9 U, Z# V- Y D! A, r: U* I& T3 _207 - s$ r5 [) j8 C208, T P' ] u+ u) u
209 ^5 {* c, d a8 @/ j210 2 J! H" [9 O( A4 N( K4 h$ n211" d) ^) S6 Y& N W' l# \( m" h
212 3 ~/ F7 z8 M% |% Q7 b213 4 }; v$ k/ i, {1 A; l( l214+ o) a! v" `9 ]2 h/ ?- i0 N) w
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224 8 J8 e+ T" b6 k$ O225( V" d& {& S; |( J+ v3 i/ {& |
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238 % Z" ~1 U+ o* {' q: m7 s3 P239 - p" G8 { s/ |% Z240 9 i2 X" A& f3 j: K, e$ h2413 G' Y+ |6 L u- h9 o/ n
242 L+ c5 ~* d( e% J% e! `4 T- A243 + @5 q6 W) r1 Y3 X9 c244 " w2 I) F3 @5 T. w' B( t245 Q* j1 z3 [* N; y0 y246% j$ g- H/ O) B5 {
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270 * {3 O! j3 P! f( E! X" p271 1 ^" [6 O2 D0 H3 b6 b M272: A8 d w' F* H8 y3 h
273 . m- H9 T& P* R3 g, s, T& o2741 \9 R1 W3 i" D
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277 " c4 @. p6 y% H" Q% O7 j7 A3 p. Z278; d; y( ?, U# g0 `/ n& P8 [
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331 " O2 {. d, }" a# J! K3 y5 }332( L* [3 g) Z3 l" k& S
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1.字符串操作符 8 h) ^; @7 [/ d2 b2 N; f# E操作符 描述/ L' U5 ]7 C% c H
+ x+y,连接两个字符串x和y6 T3 \4 V% ^0 B# T9 c: `
* x*n或n*x,复制n次字符串x 5 j3 c2 r- b4 X' f: n3 min x in s,如果x是s的字串,返回True,否则返回False 6 P- i5 J! H: H0 J# B( q2.字符串处理函数& d0 f( i3 A* I0 r- E5 _5 f, U+ X
函数 描述 + D- u% o3 J( flen(x) 返回字符串x的长度,也可返回其它组合数据类型元素的个数. z3 ]- t; }( u( k/ i: H& L
str(x) 返回任意类型x所对应的字符串形式8 G+ ~, L2 q( P1 J- c, V
char(x) 返回Unicode编码x对应的单字符7 _, M1 r, ?( g
ord(x) 返回x表示的Unicode编码 0 j. T1 A8 Y5 P% whex(x) 返回整数x对应十六进制的小写形式字符串 4 G' D1 B f' G4 W9 Roct(x) 返回整数x对应八进制的小写形式字符串6 o; X: x: P" F
3.字符串处理方法 2 b2 O% e3 x+ C# E方法 描述# F$ v+ f) {) l7 X( D) H5 W
s.lower() 字符串s全部转为小写( M7 J8 H" h, A, F
s.upper() 字符串s全部转为大写 2 F1 U ~5 H' Ls.split(sep=None) 返回一个列表,由s根据sep被分割的部分构成,省略sep默认以空格分割 * A0 Y" M" H# f7 Js.count(sub) 返回字串sub出现的次数8 }3 m: ?; M6 e( s% J
s.replace(old, new) 返回字符串s的副本,所有old字串被替换为new5 {6 ^( _: ]1 |" }9 z4 R0 C
s.center(width, fillchar) 字符串居中函数,fillchar参数可选! V! a/ e* q" l0 j. x2 D# l1 u0 d
s.strip(chars) 从字符串s中去掉咋其左侧和右侧chars中出现的字符1 i7 b7 a4 z- s' Q0 J
s.join(iter) 将iter变量的每一个元素增加一个s字符串 : l4 b7 r) i1 x0 f( _0 V" w- X4.字符串的查询操作+ t6 O3 B+ D# v8 [- A# u* R; z
方法名称 作用 2 C5 h- Z V' S7 P7 L7 {index() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 ' u0 J9 ^7 v' q) |% xrindex() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 : B0 R$ Z: z, R* D5 @, Tfind() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1; [1 Y* ]! f1 w, H; }
rfind() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1) M6 d: r- m( I9 r7 d0 U) @1 c4 A
''' y8 F$ d: {, x: b# w7 G' t3 A7 hindex()查找第一次出现的位置 抛异常 " u# e+ M* e6 ~! u) Krindex()查找最后一次次出现的位置 抛异常 q$ C$ s: m4 `, W: R5 W- q& }# ~. h- e# s% ?1 K
find()查找第一次出现的位置 不抛异常,返回值为-1 & j7 w( p1 e: @7 T' q+ Jrfind()查找最后一次出现的位置 抛异常 8 o5 W' }5 T( C3 @5 F" T8 P. w5 F'''! [) s% ?9 q8 p9 ]
s = 'hello,hello' - g5 |7 O6 Z& u( @6 gprint(s.index('o')) 9 `8 J6 w/ F/ e9 Bprint(s.rindex('o')) 0 Y6 r' M5 }9 pprint(s.find('lo')) / U u( j% C# }2 x j o8 [8 ~print(s.find('ui')) # -1( P" t3 n0 }! H7 ]# W" s6 V
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+ M% f# E D7 V; l7 T, ?& }; O 8 c1 r! E6 B4 N' O6 |& i5.字符串大小写转换操作 + G' @! Q6 l. m2 Z) g8 g3 f' K5 G) p方法 作用" O; X& q2 {9 l
upper() 把所有的字符串转换为大写字母4 J' }6 k) u& v% p* p5 H" O. E
lower() 把所有的字符串转换为小写字母# U, O: P, @; H" T
swapcase() 将大写字符转换为小写字符,将小写字符转换为大写字符。* \& G4 [; x/ K, P
capitalize() 使第一个字符为大写字母,其余字符为小写字母 4 R: j- z' d# {5 f/ @ f; wtitle() 返回字符串的一个版本,其中每个单词都有标题。更具体地说,单词以大写字母开头,其余都以大写字母开头区分大小写的字符小写。 ( p- G" M7 B/ H. f# 字符串的大小写转换2 s- H7 c& Z2 a7 O! t+ A. y6 V5 h
# 1.upper()把字符串中的所有字符转为大写 2 j4 X" U3 O6 c. Y# 2.lower()把字符串中的所有字符都转换为小写 $ p* e% J; O* H6 S0 H) @# 3.swap case() 大转小,小转大" ?, n3 P$ Z! V$ ~* `$ D
# 4.capitalize()把第一个字符转为大写,其余字符转为小写" _' V. K S% G: b1 ?
# 5.title()把字符串首字母转换为大写,把剩余的转换为小写 ; x+ p7 Z& {4 T3 N5 m* v7 t9 J) c# x( \
s = 'hellopython'4 T8 S+ L. P5 X" P% M, ~
print(s.upper()) # 转大写& @" `2 v9 |& ?
print(s.lower()) # 转换后id改变,会产生一个新的空间 0 R( M/ e3 a5 b0 `- Qprint(s.swapcase()) 9 x4 A9 R# g% bprint(s.capitalize())1 H* P' l5 Z2 L' J/ r7 W+ ]- m! ]; h
print(s.title())3 g& C1 ?% V! u1 _2 S$ e
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6.字符串内容对齐操作方法 0 G3 K. ~$ L* G* P方法 作用 & P9 o; h2 z! Gcenter(width,'') 返回一个居中长度为width的字符串。使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。; o2 J( j( X* ~( Z; T. }" w
ljust(width,' ') 返回长度为width的左对齐字符串。使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 . Z8 i- p' _* P9 ~" D, H7 R! Irjust(width,' ') 返回长度为width的右对齐字符串。使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 ; E4 h( I* s! X& `7 i; nzfill('int') 在左侧填充数字字符串,以填充给定宽度的字段。字符串永远不会被截断。 " D* |/ ^. d3 U' h3 f2 q1 {'''字符串的对其操作'''( @5 |2 Z/ ?- ?8 m7 D
# 1.center 居中对齐: c) e) e; k! Z* ]. v+ K
s = 'hello,python' + i( b m7 P2 u; J' G0 pprint(s.center(100, '*')) 5 q2 n! E; O2 l& p2 i. Z : Z# ^$ b0 T5 K* g4 i# 2.ljust 左对齐 0 p/ f6 h& Y4 a S) j3 s, f$ wprint(s.ljust(100, '*'))0 \, [3 N5 b E4 C4 p
W: Z. M2 ?6 G# 3.rjust 右对齐 $ k0 S4 l7 j" f R1 Cprint(s.rjust(100, '*')). @- e) Y N7 y/ h8 {$ {
/ b" y! G, | p7 p" I# 3.zfill 右对齐,左侧为0填充: A! n) b V! U" S1 |
print(s.zfill(100))# @! G! L2 z/ C
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7.字符串的劈分操作8 Q% \, w, w5 a0 N& {4 b0 |, B0 I0 F
方法 作用 1 d1 v/ p3 ?( n s+ M7 e" ]split() 返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。sep用来分割字符串的分隔符。None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。maxsplit最大分割次数。-1(默认值)表示无限制。 % q6 M% b' M; }* irsplit() 返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。sep用来分割字符串的分隔符。None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。maxsplit最大分割次数。-1(默认值)表示无限制。劈叉从绳子的末端开始,一直到前面。. [8 I* a( h2 ~) S$ x
# 字符串的劈分操作 split ( E# q' h D# |+ b4 a" ?; d5 N# 1. split从字符串左侧开始分割,默认值为空格字符串,返回值是一个列表 9 m% S' p+ [, \- ]' ~ a! y0 ~# 以通过参数sep指定劈分字符串是劈分符6 h( ~, ~' _% w$ Y6 ?
# 通过maxsplit指定劈分字符串的最大劈分次数 " R+ @ }" u1 i8 W$ I& v& x# Z9 C7 n I9 Z7 b8 \6 _
s = 'hello#world#python' 9 \+ @9 S9 [( `! ~; N" q: wlst = s.split('#') % k$ M# `: m1 D9 N% z0 q n$ Hprint(lst) & c3 Y, r' s/ Z1 ts1 = 'hello|world|python'0 e( j. m9 i2 P# Q- w
print(s1.split())- f4 i, L/ g0 }2 ]& `) i
print(s1.split(sep='|')) " C) Z! n! e' sprint(s1.split())/ z. E' D4 d# C6 o4 G4 I
s1 = 'hello|world|python'% Z6 l8 H! O4 \' h6 \$ Q/ Z
print(s1.split()) 0 x* s7 _: t: ^. ?, S3 K2 jprint(s1.split(sep='|', maxsplit=1))3 a2 s6 ], c5 B; _, i$ u, k
# 以参数sep 指定劈分字符串是劈分符 7 Q. u% s5 u2 z7 i% @# Jprint('-----------------------')/ h9 i K3 F% J, H
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# 2.rsplit 从右侧开始劈分 4 t9 ?' K3 Y5 B0 E& g% Z# {0 P5 }# Xprint(s1.rsplit(sep='|', maxsplit=1))3 c" w7 ^- g5 R) C+ o; i
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