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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序! f3 ?5 f& o+ i6 ^2 I1 t% |% J
clear N=200; w(1)=0;
% g% l* l i4 \6 b2 P# Gw=randn(1,N)
8 o6 C4 Z, K) _0 Fx(1)=0; 2 k: L$ K9 i' ?" W
a=1; , G: Z( N( {: k$ Z6 u4 A. D3 g! u
for k=2:N;
0 E) K) h+ s& Nx(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1); W1 `; K8 d# h+ T C
end
8 O& _) \2 h. k: G' `: f; {7 p4 v6 w! oV=randn(1,N);
5 r8 E5 c f6 w2 Pq1=std(V); . ~ Z; `1 \0 v) I7 R
Rvv=q1.^2; ! s! v! W6 y* k
q2=std(x); 2 b: ^1 n5 V9 u
Rxx=q2.^2; ' u( @4 P, z6 O7 K% |
q3=std(w);
7 a$ r1 W# \+ g. M# h5 l6 v* eRww=q3.^2; ' {+ k# I, ]7 o; c
c=0.2;
$ j1 q8 l8 u7 D' VY=c*x+V; , f3 @# ^9 z/ p
p(1)=0; 9 a" k- ?" ]. Q# g6 C- F. g
s(1)=0;
9 K/ F; b* x5 C- ]for t=2:N; x4 e. Z7 F, Z5 J
p1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
1 F7 @1 `' s/ wb(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); 6 m g# \* D9 e( x* i/ }" E' f
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1)); * u0 R$ s3 l0 g1 f: H7 {# }
p(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); 3 B1 C' Z6 _" k O) _0 a+ T
end * x$ o1 e& q/ R+ _# |' I
t=1:N; . R8 b/ ~3 ?& F* n9 j# X$ s" u4 T
plot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
/ M6 Y o# H L- h5 mfunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
7 h! I9 J. {) `2 H: f I; n. l- o% Kalman filter. 6 ^1 G! Q$ P5 X6 C* C
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...)
% h8 Y0 P/ D) l0 f%
, y& Z0 z( Y: _0 w) B K% INPUTS:
$ U3 K/ Q7 ~/ n" |) K4 B0 U5 E7 }% y(:,t) - the observation at time t
. y6 Y' ~( |" {7 q4 C# U5 g7 H+ P% A - the system matrix 1 w- Z( R) v; R5 b/ l# R
% C - the observation matrix
0 G7 J" V8 D7 _* R% Q - the system covariance * G X4 C- j6 @# T. O0 ]% d0 K% M
% R - the observation covariance 2 w1 R8 D' \* [
% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
. [/ s2 W! V5 T$ t3 z- I* v6 S1 T% init_V - the initial state covariance
* d, }5 I# Q7 H+ H8 @% . h$ X8 L5 X+ m7 u
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets]) ; z, z, ]5 Q$ L; w( Y/ b7 Y
% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] 3 ~3 j4 J' \6 A9 L
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
3 a! t, M$ @+ L% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m). 5 ]0 G8 }4 [" L" |9 p2 ~+ i
% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). 9 m! h" ^# B5 P4 Q D! G
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ]
- |& F S! i9 Z* p% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m 0 Y5 h6 z( |$ z8 E
% : r/ Y# o: i# i$ m' O& F
% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated) 1 b4 D2 h& d4 R. E
% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] ; Q6 e0 D7 E M1 ^" o% L) Y6 b
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] + |3 O) ]$ ~! A. e- r( `
% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2
. [' P# D; i2 Z$ @# O% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
- T) O" ?3 z7 ]+ k* q; C% ' } {# F, ~3 {8 J
% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it: 4 g; e0 r. B; t# w1 [
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
$ Y5 S5 _( g! [4 m: `) l4 ^% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: ! g, |# D# ]# g$ U' Q) ]/ e
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] 3 O9 L& Y* s5 {4 ]6 V3 }1 D% x+ j
[os T] = size(y); 2 y5 ^) F' S* n
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space
; m. m# ~$ u! y% set default params - ~6 @3 |3 \, I& C. r. s6 s' \4 k
model = ones(1,T);
- O" X! `) x! gu = []; 7 B; T" q2 h5 Q. Z; c( L$ Q$ D
B = []; ; V3 h! c2 W5 E T z/ O
ndx = [];
% f) j- p0 [2 R# T0 j) W# C* fargs = varargin; : N1 h- k( V, }$ p4 f- `# K: l( v9 t
nargs = length(args);
& z% D# Y' K! Y& |for i=1:2:nargs
& O# T! Z s& u+ A0 _& Bswitch args 4 K& Z% P& _% A, f! z$ ^
case 'model', model = args{i+1};
8 P* Q0 x& S# | l4 xcase 'u', u = args{i+1}; @6 k) `0 ]' r
case 'B', B = args{i+1}; & R9 N9 @+ ?) h6 t* y/ Y. P
case 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1};
3 b9 K$ c) t! ~, g& C* q, D* Z Jotherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args])
+ h# L6 _, l1 O0 rend % m0 n! X' y6 w0 w# z7 }0 f. L
end
' @( f$ e4 Q+ O9 Ax = zeros(ss, T);
' ]; N+ C( {: ]6 g6 W3 k, q. \V = zeros(ss, ss, T);
: \ `; r Q8 z! q5 J$ v, {VV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
; |+ Z) _2 ?* T' H' Y) N1 v6 ~. Ologlik = 0; 1 B( |# _: b) |% N
for t=1:T m = model(t); $ l" L) t" J+ ?* }: A6 b" c8 \
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
. }: k ?2 j0 R%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
' c- {% d: W% _1 A+ c4 kprevx = init_x; / \, I; Z. F2 a# f
prevV = init_V; - c# |' J7 p' f/ n' } B' r
initial = 1; 9 Y& l3 G+ b# J4 z7 E* @
else prevx = x(:,t-1); 2 S+ V; \; R0 W/ q8 w7 u: J
prevV = V(:,:,t-1);
- {: R- C8 q! b/ ~6 }$ Sinitial = 0;
. j0 T! p3 r$ ~! l5 lend
1 k# V* a G. h" {2 ~if isempty(u)
& Q2 m' I5 M; q[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... 2 b7 R% v @" P0 h3 M
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else 0 [: K' w) W) @9 _ P; @) e
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
, \" B; G- H% V. j2 X1 e kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m)); & I5 J) ^! `) N( H
else ! n. a" W* V& N1 ^* K9 w2 A
i = ndx;
+ z1 \! `4 D) f B% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx;
4 X( n, c1 q1 d# n( M J) _prevP = inv(prevV); ' ^) R/ u. L, C0 |& o/ ~
prevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
" u& B! d, u2 o; |, `9 ~prevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
3 I& e- s: V" ~$ x6 c" f" M4 b$ X[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m));
/ |6 Y& v, H! A! hsmallP = inv(smallV);
! H3 c4 _1 a h) F! tprevP(i,i) = smallP;
. H0 I/ e* @/ c0 KV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP); $ H0 x2 X6 M# f* A* z1 ^' z- l* k' @( N
end
, ~7 t1 s% t1 c4 \end " ~( {8 [1 w& J" B& k
loglik = loglik + LL; . d$ ]& F- ~+ m( f2 d
end |
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