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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序( z3 ~3 O: G; z, B
clear N=200; w(1)=0;
# p- s& S; B, sw=randn(1,N) * {' Q, h* P m8 j/ n! K P2 m
x(1)=0;
9 t7 E6 f4 W) p, `6 Ua=1; # m9 z5 [+ ~2 o* ?% _/ B! F: t
for k=2:N; ! A' z- s, e, h8 b5 X
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1);
( E6 m2 o3 J6 _( d/ lend 7 ^$ [. O3 } ]: o
V=randn(1,N); : @( _; \8 |- m
q1=std(V);
6 C) @- H$ A' y# F& uRvv=q1.^2;
R9 Y: [. Y) J$ w* \* u. R" Yq2=std(x); ; G, ^$ M& U' v% c
Rxx=q2.^2; / Z8 D' V7 i5 x" B" ~
q3=std(w); * ^* B+ s: F9 t3 i4 \" i
Rww=q3.^2; 3 c+ }& R; Z u" J `+ u4 \5 e
c=0.2; 4 m! r1 t) g0 P X
Y=c*x+V; : v7 }6 U' ?7 L5 T) d$ A1 S
p(1)=0; 6 h, a3 Z' S+ C( @) Z, }3 G- o% d% w
s(1)=0;
/ O/ x! b" A' F$ o0 w$ C( Yfor t=2:N;
) d( s+ R. V; B6 c! W* }- wp1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
7 m: l9 t* b9 q8 Tb(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); # X3 y7 v! S: D# A( B$ s9 U# y
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
# F+ q" ?' C, Z6 _! G) jp(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t);
! O, T# P* G n& _end
f8 [* p+ d. W% `( L3 Z( {" Jt=1:N;
/ N* K% j0 X/ U6 Mplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b'); 3 I7 \8 T' x# `! w3 ~
function [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
: y% x2 P0 ^* X, x9 B' t/ J% Kalman filter. * ]- G- @1 r) K+ g# b2 C
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) + Y% a. p; y) c' e" ]$ j
% 4 B. {) V+ N2 [* t: V" V1 i
% INPUTS: ) K2 p% u4 X \8 l3 \4 G
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t
5 r h4 L) }& d7 U* U% i% A - the system matrix 8 x9 W) P: F1 F& B
% C - the observation matrix
; y9 m' |4 K: w% Q - the system covariance $ f4 q1 P0 N& [1 ~8 A
% R - the observation covariance
7 w5 t0 f3 Y4 I2 j7 y% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
4 K& J! V# l+ {) l+ q% init_V - the initial state covariance
! B: \. y3 U9 r& n6 o# K%
f6 O0 L9 k* }) d% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets]) / t: X. r7 C; c* c4 V5 ]* D
% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ]
6 |, ^ l9 v! [! o% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension, O* t4 Y1 a' B6 k' }
% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
2 u# H5 `* z# f$ J6 V% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). , ~4 D8 \; w3 E/ O9 f9 {, R
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ]
5 m( g; G; d- N6 p; y* ^2 a% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m
[5 G5 R8 A6 K$ k: i" k%
, ]; ~% j0 s* I3 t% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated)
) c% q! t L9 G) M' u8 k+ I% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] % u' s7 ^* f- _: K( x
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
0 s' r% a+ w! z8 A. L1 q9 V% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2 2 |6 x' o6 ]* U
% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
1 g5 {8 H- ~6 @. _( C%
; z3 t6 e' a5 f) y% t( a% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it: 7 e2 h5 u3 G$ A( ^. t1 p* I
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)] $ s! E. o7 w7 a9 ^
% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it:
- M8 J6 c# g9 T z7 W* }1 d% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] ' v9 ?& O! F2 {! z% m' j e
[os T] = size(y);
5 m3 v& _. q) Q2 e0 b' c( p$ oss = size(A,1); % size of state space
& G& ]0 S) D8 W' X; |% set default params 2 z; e# R+ X2 ?$ v
model = ones(1,T);
6 X( X' @/ d' }' n; w# y7 du = []; " T) `. [' Q9 F0 b) ?: G0 g j
B = []; 6 j- g' [' p$ n
ndx = [];
1 k+ h% g4 X5 @/ Dargs = varargin; % |5 A( p; R# G
nargs = length(args); , }' w2 l4 c+ S' E/ @& H
for i=1:2:nargs
! W2 Z# d) L/ w" Oswitch args
, i- i7 z: z; P0 ~' \+ ycase 'model', model = args{i+1}; 2 r, l# X( }) }! _
case 'u', u = args{i+1}; ; @5 b7 [) H) @# v6 @
case 'B', B = args{i+1};
7 |: E5 l/ V: g' L5 }% fcase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; 2 |: {+ O [# P6 J0 P# N& v/ e
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args])
; E$ p3 \7 V4 z, Iend
" ~7 T. a! ^' ?! bend & N: a' J) v( W3 V' P* p0 v
x = zeros(ss, T);
$ _/ `' x7 p) f; z5 `V = zeros(ss, ss, T); 0 }6 B) b# E+ K8 H( v6 d
VV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
; l' ]; @4 \5 L7 s; R% a, U/ Eloglik = 0; 1 E' H- E$ I ]' h. K4 H
for t=1:T m = model(t);
( E& b+ B" ~2 ?: Zif t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m); 7 a3 ?* w" E6 e' D$ \- m
%prevV = init_V(:,:,m); ; @- T, q( H( i1 O
prevx = init_x; ; g0 }6 v* l9 c8 S; q3 ?
prevV = init_V;
0 p$ [9 c9 d" ^initial = 1;
! }; x0 x$ o4 I3 K+ D9 Yelse prevx = x(:,t-1); ( Q( J; M: J, D
prevV = V(:,:,t-1);
+ T7 f7 }9 ^' w4 v& Uinitial = 0;
- C2 D# ?4 J; _6 X; vend
9 v; H$ Z) V! vif isempty(u)
! @( p" Z. P( [/ J2 _9 h- R[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... ( l/ Q( Q0 X- L6 s* D" }1 p$ @
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else 1 [1 t7 b& F- o5 j5 Q" Q, ^
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... - U( N4 M Y, x
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m)); # x9 z& [" q: }, J1 o! I
else 5 m/ M5 _; q: s0 O R
i = ndx;
: v- Q% r7 ^$ A; x8 K! P% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; + ]7 [! U% C+ w/ e8 K
prevP = inv(prevV);
! t1 V$ t3 d: IprevPsmall = prevP(i,i); 6 ]# A4 J; x w8 k
prevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
! s, }# {" [8 ?" h: Z y[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m));
* T) [- t5 x/ q" S! zsmallP = inv(smallV); 3 k8 \9 I3 ^0 m) a6 w' v: a
prevP(i,i) = smallP;
8 J0 u( |" s. U p- E# DV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
8 m6 h* E0 S, I0 N5 yend & l4 h9 q R3 d$ Q$ ?# e
end
. D+ V6 w% y, v) eloglik = loglik + LL; 7 I* v+ l5 n) w2 j; @
end |
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