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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序
. p% G& v5 H/ Nclear N=200; w(1)=0; 2 L' X2 L% [/ {0 S( J b; z2 F7 G
w=randn(1,N)
' _# o8 t' i" b4 }x(1)=0;
) o" h8 D) ~. ^! z$ k3 A. |! ^a=1;
) i5 }& [; v8 r- b2 Xfor k=2:N; 5 r7 i4 g5 j, d e) q7 `- a; t
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1);
. A9 ?2 \( c% D) Q- T% l; b8 ?end
7 c5 a& Y5 c8 Z, iV=randn(1,N); / ~: P) a- _- t% z$ L7 ?2 w- E8 Y
q1=std(V);
' E3 d/ I# @2 X1 G- e5 fRvv=q1.^2;
- j- \4 P) M# |, z: @$ iq2=std(x);
3 k; t: o5 l, D% yRxx=q2.^2;
7 V1 D6 c% k/ }$ Z% H/ Nq3=std(w); ; y6 p$ h" Z/ T
Rww=q3.^2;
7 L' k$ |8 c3 I& |4 D6 @6 u; pc=0.2;
) z& S0 i( Z; y3 k& R, cY=c*x+V;
+ m0 f% c u0 t" L8 tp(1)=0;
/ c4 X$ v/ K8 W* O; \1 b9 U, Gs(1)=0;: M( @8 l3 M# P. `. p6 R- L
for t=2:N;
/ Z8 X3 t2 I2 `$ Y/ M+ { \p1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
4 N5 O. z7 v3 Ab(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv);
5 i% R# n5 i- q9 S+ `! s/ J$ a8 H0 xs(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1)); 9 ?; v9 X: n7 P4 |0 p* y c
p(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t);
( M3 o: w4 b" H! U# f F6 j0 Z3 W2 f6 dend
) R( U' g, f% x1 c0 et=1:N;
, f9 w! a! z, Bplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
7 }7 Q$ _( C! ?* Yfunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin) 3 Z3 V2 ?2 b3 h c1 F
% Kalman filter.
* U# y% p# K! _% x0 L& U5 ]% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...)
0 u! m( H! k5 F1 y6 R# j. ~) L3 ]%
" E [9 f) b' t/ n! H% Y9 M/ H% INPUTS:
4 Q1 o2 j/ s! M; j% V1 z+ V% y(:,t) - the observation at time t
% |! T9 ?: j8 n. n" D, ^- ?% A - the system matrix & A) M/ C F2 q. C! I; p
% C - the observation matrix " L" z$ N! j, {8 d
% Q - the system covariance
]% f# x7 y r$ t; Z% ~, K# x) s% R - the observation covariance ) b' f8 ]- B9 b L0 ^+ [
% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
8 ~4 D, N! U( Z% @# q8 x$ l% init_V - the initial state covariance
' P5 U% E" O; B% z8 p% 7 P' k) V5 S9 ]
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
/ O3 O' k+ }6 e2 r% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] # U' w. x/ d. K8 O3 r" K
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension, 3 ` d0 o0 ~' b& @. m6 w& M
% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
% h! ]) Q8 y% y3 `# |$ } w0 P% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). 8 b# R! V& s# u; F5 A. X. L
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ] 6 w3 E$ V0 P# O3 ^3 m
% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m % W8 F& m4 F1 G! G: w/ R
%
4 C& K! Q( {3 D% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated) " n0 {( D( B9 H' W _! [
% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] 7 o' {' l& M5 L, h$ n+ W4 F- ^
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] 4 h) F g/ y; x9 l6 n7 _# f7 E
% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2 1 U; E2 V o3 R1 s' \: ]
% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
6 S6 U2 y2 G9 v( q$ {* `/ s% 3 g7 R- m" H& F \/ l( }
% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it: ( W+ [3 f7 x/ l
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)] / N) G' d- k9 w; f9 w0 `6 P
% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it:
4 }) G1 j; J% S" t$ b% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] 5 D- X- l3 U) U
[os T] = size(y); F: N- U# r6 [
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space
# E: }4 C7 d6 a) G# T* g% [6 S% set default params
1 x! A* G7 z, ]/ ^& wmodel = ones(1,T);
, w4 z$ {& \6 |u = [];
' f6 A0 ~ ?6 c! {3 F% v' kB = [];
. u+ X& g) f; e- W( cndx = [];
E7 c I* }" t5 X; i! m* Uargs = varargin;
9 h. E: E0 ?2 J) n/ B5 F. cnargs = length(args);
; p; z$ u5 R/ Hfor i=1:2:nargs
' Y! X' K% n% Y, H+ j$ p( Vswitch args 4 @! O, b' H6 D4 {1 n! K6 S! n9 t
case 'model', model = args{i+1}; 8 c& ?2 j7 m2 g( t* l
case 'u', u = args{i+1}; ; W' k; W; M' `! H
case 'B', B = args{i+1}; 2 L! N. ^2 U' Y3 j* d- ^
case 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1};
4 N& K8 ~4 _2 Qotherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args]) % B6 O p e3 U* J
end + X) u$ j1 H7 Q6 V' q* A: C
end
" W9 b- H$ t8 @+ r( i! W" ?9 lx = zeros(ss, T);
) O5 U4 x( }+ F6 |4 c" |8 xV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
% X- O# S8 s- m7 H% T0 GVV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
0 \* M, l) X3 O, R9 }* _9 k. ]' t2 |& `) cloglik = 0;
; M$ N: }0 k- C! @6 ?for t=1:T m = model(t);
& N" _! @: `2 Iif t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m); 7 f% |" O$ ?6 x* @
%prevV = init_V(:,:,m); + n6 O- \+ l; o( I! e3 l, E: h
prevx = init_x; 9 H5 ^6 ~7 ^! k; l) Q
prevV = init_V;
8 C7 ^7 m* A( Z) O# ~initial = 1; 8 |7 u( _/ {% T, ^6 U& }; }
else prevx = x(:,t-1);
0 w' p- C6 o# f* k) aprevV = V(:,:,t-1);
B- P7 s) M# C& P6 f) tinitial = 0; 6 {* r7 @& p; o2 K1 I0 S
end ( }6 ^9 [( Z2 [ W7 o9 T
if isempty(u)
* m ^! A1 M0 E0 X4 a2 L0 y[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
- F; \* f8 x! I' _kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else 0 K# b, w: ]. t, s& w% \
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
Q/ T# |1 f: @9 X kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
- }( i7 B0 ^3 |/ l* Y; Ielse
a1 L4 e% |' @/ S* H; ki = ndx; 8 ~( z! ]1 W( U, H
% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; 3 t% H- a/ Z V( I. w2 p
prevP = inv(prevV); ! X) n/ C7 t3 y' \8 ^1 E& ^
prevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
; M' m9 `+ ]- { u5 L, JprevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
6 j& ^8 X$ ~7 A- [[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m));
! @ x* _ a, o2 \6 CsmallP = inv(smallV); ) n4 B7 t; L9 l8 S* X
prevP(i,i) = smallP; * C; G1 T4 m* K) ?4 [$ M% }/ w4 }
V(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
' m* O' H9 J B) Y' k" K: Qend
3 y) c( o2 V+ L- r$ Y. Xend
* o* A; ~6 N6 J A- P7 n# s5 qloglik = loglik + LL;
4 ?5 D- c5 ?7 V3 L' n: I2 @end |
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