- 在线时间
- 5024 小时
- 最后登录
- 2022-11-28
- 注册时间
- 2009-4-8
- 听众数
- 738
- 收听数
- 1
- 能力
- 23 分
- 体力
- 77270 点
- 威望
- 96 点
- 阅读权限
- 255
- 积分
- 27107
- 相册
- 1
- 日志
- 14
- 记录
- 36
- 帖子
- 4293
- 主题
- 1341
- 精华
- 15
- 分享
- 16
- 好友
- 1975

数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
|---|
签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
2#
发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
|只看该作者
|
|邮箱已经成功绑定
matlab下面的kalman滤波程序% i% j7 N8 c7 C3 F. | h8 C) c
clear N=200; w(1)=0;
1 y+ H9 G/ D/ v$ p' L$ F: T5 iw=randn(1,N) ( }9 B, D. Z+ I
x(1)=0; ) W: f2 R/ A& Y- Q6 t5 W+ ?/ H
a=1; 3 l0 Y$ J* R7 j$ J0 U* l
for k=2:N; 9 z( R" g. {" \! x7 k! C7 G- Y! o
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1);
+ \2 ^9 W: r# w* ^/ Uend ; F; x: c; S% l- `
V=randn(1,N); & u7 e) m. ] f9 X
q1=std(V);
, {0 T8 w- y2 R: qRvv=q1.^2; 3 _* f( K( |# S8 F
q2=std(x); # M0 q4 p7 I6 b" Q" h* N+ `
Rxx=q2.^2;
9 D) }+ Z7 N1 Z" Gq3=std(w); 3 W6 @3 L, ^" p9 b* E5 G
Rww=q3.^2;
% v/ N; w/ i6 z4 Kc=0.2; 1 p7 x6 D, S( a8 t: E1 b( O
Y=c*x+V; 2 o- {6 M( q; {) }0 \/ l
p(1)=0;
$ u' ?' C: |. L1 z# U5 {7 W; r4 os(1)=0;5 [! K5 A( T$ U
for t=2:N; 0 E; v7 u1 ~" w( l$ i+ s7 B6 R
p1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
" z- i- S# W# J7 x2 ]. V& c2 \- W5 hb(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); 3 Z4 `. W. E3 E0 m" C9 @
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1)); 4 ]& ^ V, ^/ }/ p- b$ @% L
p(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); - u0 U8 n# ]- c! |; s0 b" _
end 3 H: C6 M3 }% ~
t=1:N;
) L6 ]0 {9 d3 x" | wplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b'); 1 F$ m/ I2 H3 [# p5 y! d: Z
function [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin) . V" v3 Q3 I5 S& R( i! q* {
% Kalman filter. ) Y' K4 X; i9 C3 ^( O& S/ {6 B5 {
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) q3 D6 m& W$ v* B
%
) t! d" k7 b Y5 v5 Q$ \0 Y% INPUTS: / ?$ r" o+ h6 l
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t : D. p; f* p- N9 q- e: R
% A - the system matrix 8 G7 Q/ E a7 q4 }7 z% J2 O9 t; K
% C - the observation matrix $ B9 b0 u& e( i: t; ?6 [
% Q - the system covariance + z6 k% X: X: b
% R - the observation covariance
/ N/ N1 g2 w2 O% init_x - the initial state (column) vector $ ?; g7 i6 {. c% ^' d+ r9 r
% init_V - the initial state covariance
8 k2 c) @7 ]* J/ ? n/ w; f' U% 3 i+ Z* _9 t8 M% ?* _7 ]' a! d
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
) b2 g' x! _+ f, q. P7 t. c$ A% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] 8 a( @9 w5 V/ {; O
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
! |3 h8 O+ L7 q' _0 x0 L( i% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m). 4 C8 q$ d9 G: X k5 t4 o M9 _
% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). ( Z: h! Y; U* Z- O
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ]
! G( H4 L1 A% P/ J: l& u. Y% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m % @0 q6 U4 |/ T1 Q( W8 h$ @# g+ G
% 0 N% a) W& J E0 I' Q0 G
% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated) % P" {9 f5 E! M. o2 N
% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] 8 w- H! O; g, s
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
N; L0 w/ M/ A- F. y- C% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2
{- l5 S% I* R4 H# {" ~% n ]% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t)) 3 X0 f0 {) G1 o# `( j7 t
% & H0 v5 p& y; V0 H7 R$ _% }2 Q! D
% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it:
1 W$ S. Y. I( T1 I% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
' s" W, c' b& ?5 J" a* l6 J3 O% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: 9 A' X+ J6 d8 t5 X- D
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] ( k G4 ]; P$ p( k% ~' g$ D
[os T] = size(y);
7 U0 F3 _; k+ bss = size(A,1); % size of state space
7 |7 |+ d) }7 |# i5 {% set default params 7 d7 v4 b9 M, A3 q4 v! I2 }$ f
model = ones(1,T); % R& p) m- I8 g) f c
u = [];
* b: G5 R6 C& K% N1 [) _ LB = []; " S- F0 F- x9 G
ndx = []; 5 _4 v# Y) v/ a0 U! U8 m
args = varargin; 6 M6 d( U5 D' u5 {
nargs = length(args); , Q0 E' L$ n4 h
for i=1:2:nargs . I# I7 {; w) N9 c7 a5 {
switch args 5 ]% L# W+ N4 [, k
case 'model', model = args{i+1}; 6 |) U! x) J" B# H8 S
case 'u', u = args{i+1};
% M) D% c6 z) Z$ Ucase 'B', B = args{i+1};
. B4 ^7 \$ A1 Y$ r! @. t7 o' C8 Wcase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1};
) T, @! e* O% Aotherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args])
0 F: Y$ T# \- Oend ; g+ @+ Z, k) p. |
end ( J. C+ Z+ f/ C# y0 I
x = zeros(ss, T); 1 q$ Q4 M5 `/ L+ y- I$ {; a
V = zeros(ss, ss, T); 6 E0 b/ E2 u' O$ G) U$ J) }
VV = zeros(ss, ss, T); + }# T6 v1 ^! d+ @1 {
loglik = 0; 9 u4 T2 S- u* E
for t=1:T m = model(t); : M. v: `, Y0 j" ?0 P( [" Z( H
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
# O- ^/ \: {+ o8 P%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
4 `5 E" s2 F/ n, T9 c: nprevx = init_x; ' |2 Z u3 y5 G& q; E9 C
prevV = init_V; # J q7 y4 ?2 e( I$ N, v( R% \4 n
initial = 1; 1 Q( e( q; T+ \% M6 P9 t8 U. G; e
else prevx = x(:,t-1); `2 J) D- }) `4 @1 h; A# y6 P
prevV = V(:,:,t-1);
* S( q# u6 H1 u" m$ linitial = 0;
& e- T; t% a. G0 x3 l' O# Dend ) x' y" B( i, f" }8 Z4 z
if isempty(u) / k: _) L7 _" T, Q# F
[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
) R8 n( J; g1 \kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else
" D. O& ]. F( D [' o: m if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... % ?, V% h* R, t
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
6 o/ ?' U' V aelse " r# _4 G r [! G/ Q5 e
i = ndx; 5 c7 @+ m8 a4 l9 U5 N2 f. b
% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx;
- Y. T0 {$ B9 ~9 vprevP = inv(prevV);
% r1 v8 z0 ~0 O: `0 {/ N9 F' P0 HprevPsmall = prevP(i,i); # I& u- ]" W- _. v
prevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall); 5 P! k4 F/ c+ F5 \1 K
[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); + _, h% x2 c! f
smallP = inv(smallV); 7 M! ?8 v* y( `! n1 V
prevP(i,i) = smallP;
3 A( o% p0 [5 Z3 E# r3 h" AV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
& Z7 s1 b' z( F' B7 }0 Wend # u4 c2 F% q8 Z
end
. L9 Q& Z4 E9 K; }; H( I" X- \loglik = loglik + LL; % p6 e! `. T* J$ ?" B! N
end |
|