有序群/有序交换群

lilianjie

In abstract algebra, a partially ordered group is a group (G,+) equipped with a partial order "≤" that is translation-invariant; in other words, "≤" has the property that, for all a, b, and g in G, if a ≤ b then a+g ≤ b+g and g+a ≤ g+b.

An element x of G is called positive element if 0 ≤ x. The set of elements 0 ≤ x is often denoted with G+, and it is called the positive cone of G. So we have a ≤ b if and only if -a+b ∈ G+.
3 z7 }/ m+ a  K$ q* J  Q; i
, E4 L. h0 s  \$ U) D. E* Q; b0 KBy the definition, we can reduce the partial order to a monadic property: a ≤ b if and only if 0 ≤ -a+b.
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For the general group G, the existence of a positive cone specifies an order on G. A group G is a partially ordered group if and only if there exists a subset H (which is G+) of G such that:
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; v/ M  d9 R) t5 s0 ∈ H
( J7 M- K' f% I  {if a ∈ H and b ∈ H then a+b ∈ H
$ U3 z! w5 W7 U: q7 W+ I  zif a ∈ H then -x+a+x ∈ H for each x of G
if a ∈ H and -a ∈ H then a=0

lilianjie

有序交换群系指一对 (Γ, > )，其中 Γ 为交换群， > 为其上的一个二元关系，且满足如下条件：

1 D' |, \+ M; a, o% h若 a < 0，则 − a > 0。
+ u+ Y/ W$ o* w' T; t若 a,b > 0，则 a + b > 0。

lilianjie

Examples
' F% x! R: D- C# K7 i  GAn ordered vector space is a partially ordered group
A Riesz space is a lattice-ordered group
' a. x& G! \/ h! P# Q1 P" q. SA typical example of a partially ordered group is Zn, where the group operation is componentwise addition, and we write (a1,...,an) ≤ (b1,...,bn) if and only if ai ≤ bi (in the usual order of integers) for all i=1,...,n.
+ b* U9 Z1 x$ d6 @: ~More generally, if G is a partially ordered group and X is some set, then the set of all functions from X to G is again a partially ordered group: all operations are performed componentwise. Furthermore, every subgroup of G is a partially ordered group: it inherits the order from G.
" q' I: Y9 }$ v4 }3 C, Z序线性空间是有序群

, g0 d; y) g0 p- VZ/R/R*都是有序交换群

孤寂冷逍遥