) Z0 N: d5 f1 P* s8 Ga = 'python' : A5 ^* c8 k! X, A5 fb = "python"8 Z( ~$ K/ H$ f* A! E' z
c = '''python''' & V% @5 s$ }* \6 Pprint(a, id(a))0 _1 h* ^; E- a, e9 u) |4 N' a
print(b, id(b))/ F/ A# Z1 l8 g
print(c, id(c)): q0 z. a/ `2 t N0 Q# l, a5 X
1 ; r' o+ B( u- S/ q; J& @2 4 z N, V) G& t& I k3 ! M s, K2 H: d% J; F5 c. P" T3 }0 M4 4 e. @0 T7 m: Q* [5) D3 r8 r, t+ h4 e2 K
6 # G+ E+ i$ W, Q' x* {, m7 2 @* V0 p/ j. F0 c9 n: v; Y/ |9 X* o8 % T7 E0 D0 W4 |( C- H9 0 e# E% y4 E. Y* F! q% [10. Z$ W" q7 j" k4 M1 B) h
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3.字符串驻留机制的几种情况(交互式)% Y5 v1 A/ a! h, Q2 t: T
字符串的长度为1 " L- @3 {$ o7 i3 Y& H符合标识符的字符串(只包含字母,数字,下划线) 4 \" e; I3 U6 Z( A% V5 j( e+ J/ S字符串只在编译是进行驻留,而非运行时7 b# X: H* s* \# y0 Z
[-5,256]之间的整数数字 4 `: l5 D5 h; V8 {>>> s1 = '' . p% ]* x" y- O" l9 o9 U- d>>> s2 = ''* D: O( a/ B9 |- B$ [, F% a
>>> s1 is s2; e# G# t8 d$ b* D. g }3 e: E& Y" {
True 3 W% q' Y% r1 @& g' C" q6 g1 s4 P>>>! z$ T4 R2 r X$ V+ F7 `% N
>>> s1 = 'a' $ T; Z% P% ^" E* y>>> s2 = 'a'/ O- C. @* y; W& w, h( F4 b- G
>>> s1 is s2 $ v7 s$ X( ~# n6 ~/ o" c( E. M3 nTrue9 U6 R6 E3 [; k; }
>>> : l: f6 E3 m" p>>> s1 = 'abc_def'4 o s1 ]8 C& ^/ ]% X- ^& }
>>> s2 = 'abc_def'9 G, U6 S# H& s* H# F" t
>>> s1 is s2 ' a- j j3 ^. ^0 c( S7 I H! JTrue % W1 s0 n9 ?" v/ \9 U, _+ U7 |# k>>> s1 = 'abc%def'+ i; d4 e2 L, a$ Z# B
>>> s2 = 'abc%def'3 D5 M4 z* q: D& K5 B ^
>>> s1 == s2 / h8 q) j& A3 pTrue; Y9 t. e! L- Y6 D% u5 b$ Z4 ]
>>> s1 is s2 . F' { {& @% ]- S# G6 HFalse - }6 o2 W) t5 y, o+ D>>>$ B) j$ P, ~/ _$ ?) M. G
>>> a = 256( [" N1 E/ t X L
>>> b = 256 ! n5 G4 w# G0 q" J7 u8 c>>> a is b; p- |# {4 a ~) R
True. t" u! H- _1 f4 d1 Q
>>> a = 257' [. F: T t2 A9 r
>>> b = 257 ) s) i& ?% X) V" A" ?/ l( Q: m3 F$ Y>>> a is b : P1 b8 C8 H: n4 a/ bFalse7 a; X2 w9 k* ?, W' [: _$ w
>>> a == b $ `! i, C# H- k: g l3 eTrue ) {6 R9 u, J! v- a>>> ; \" R4 R! I9 W0 @, F, l0 u 8 _0 ?; M, {; `' c$ _6 z1 4 J9 r8 E, O+ U2 0 |: O' w1 [* Y$ \3 / O+ c9 f' ?( c) Z2 K& Z4, c# v! F s4 k* C G' U7 j: Y
5 9 e; D' X+ x, T, b. M6" i B4 ~: R' A
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14 ) W) T6 T, _0 ]+ ^+ ]15 + L6 e& O' Z( i5 b4 _. R16# v: ~& _5 K+ ?" M9 n
17 5 Q% q9 A! {9 `9 o18 " Z0 Q$ {: m) M8 T# M1 C7 W19 " j" A- N( U8 E" j20 " _6 X. q/ H6 i21 q6 J' n4 j# u J. q22 / Y; G( n; f1 f8 ]# J+ S+ c23. H. E4 F: A; @" S$ m
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314 K$ f( H% \5 S+ q- g5 S
32 g; n' ?5 x) j6 G! ]4.强制2个字符串指向同一个对象 ! M2 F, d0 x1 T2 isys中的intern方法强制两个字符串指向同一个对象 9 q, c) P' P7 i) T8 h7 h 3 a$ T0 x+ V0 T1 e$ l( U'''sys中的intern方法强制两个字符串指向同一个对象''' - |& P: T$ \& Himport sys 8 ^# C7 s; ], [9 X- ?, Q; f$ a% La = 'abc%' K: y. x- i/ a" Y1 Sb = 'abc%' $ d9 j; f4 Z( A3 M5 _print(a is b) # True ' Y9 [4 T. T/ \3 Q- E/ T Oa = sys.intern(b): e9 Y9 D! Q9 w' v2 K5 U* w
print(id(a), id(b)) # 2989905230512 2989905230512 h5 J5 |; e3 ?" G9 c
; r9 f s0 n8 H% T# W. m0 T0 Q) |
15 L( v9 g/ M3 b U+ |# @
2 ; u2 `. e! }" z3 {7 z" Z! ~3 % f0 t% Z5 Y) z; b% f4 1 ~9 I1 X, q# M, @5 I8 t( {5 $ M+ b, t" N* |, y. d6 . Y0 a P# T @4 P( D! I; N* k7 : q; ^% F7 k4 c: W85 @. |9 v* k9 P+ q
5. PyCharm对字符串进行了优化处理 & E3 G$ L) @) c2 f1 T+ b6.字符串驻留机制的优缺点% F5 q* [ Z0 X! Y/ L
当需要值相同的字符串时,可以直接从字符串池里拿来使用,避免频繁的创建和销毁,提升效率和节约内存,因此拼接字符串和修改字符串是会比较影响性能的。 0 a' \; N0 d e, \& K. S$ u. ~9 P A
在需要进行字符串拼接时建议使用 str类型的join方法,而非+ ,因为join()方法是先计算出所有字符中的长度,然后再拷贝,只new一次对象,效率要比"+"效率高 。 ' L8 t7 s. H& ^5 T9 _" k1 O ' Y/ B Y/ t3 y# h- U二、字符串类型的操作 . F; v6 U$ M3 @0 d' _8 y; E% UPython类str内置源码:4 A$ O# q9 S3 q* N2 |
) d# ~! @ l% z7 n7 i
class str(object):/ X3 m. t/ t# \* R0 r1 Y
"""# _, s6 q. u& I% H
str = "(对象)——> str4 i( p8 w+ g8 i& Y2 k# x' Z
$ E( o- T# ?, h$ h: n. m7 I( W Str (bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> Str6 |+ g: M/ u1 S% p; G/ d: o
4 w; S- F, m' U 从给定的对象创建一个新的字符串对象。如果编码或,则对象必须公开数据缓冲区 % J+ }7 v3 ?" Q8 Y- \ 将使用给定的编码和错误处理程序进行解码。 9 M8 h/ Z6 A2 U- ^ . r3 z4 \% A5 p
否则,返回object.__str__()的结果(如果已定义)或repr(对象)。 ! t+ `7 }0 K Y: u, e. o( q 2 j$ X! X, g/ ]+ m. T/ n0 N3 T 编码默认为sys.getdefaultencoding()。 4 U$ C/ e) E0 w; L) ^ 9 w3 `; P( Y2 M9 l( Y$ S Errors默认为'strict'。9 f. O/ h2 \% u
""" 4 k; z% t8 C& _# V def capitalize(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown* Y- o# V* `# r" i
"""4 p, P6 `( I: m* @9 @3 r6 Y0 F5 C1 W
Return a capitalized version of the string. ? h1 }9 l! }" ]+ }( ]& _5 A4 o- Z1 c5 h4 Z+ f* p; D+ T; y
More specifically, make the first character have upper case and the rest lower% `' E1 ?! o, t6 L' z( W
case." U! a+ L- x+ \* O
""" $ B3 S' L, N/ k. d% j3 A) f: s pass& n( r: a" U& n1 V" ~
) C$ ~* P# n+ q9 g def casefold(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown % Y7 y0 n9 U: v6 j """ Return a version of the string suitable for caseless comparisons. """. A! S4 H+ A4 h
pass, _8 O1 o+ ?. e, @' P6 M
. [" _( B r. q5 u0 M, x
def center(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 6 v+ g, T, I s8 ? """7 S% |0 s0 B6 ]: Y7 Y+ o9 X+ o
返回一个居中长度为width的字符串。0 @0 D6 A# D" u1 p
" v. o$ D* a5 A1 J. W
使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。6 @3 I$ n0 F; \& i
""" ! e6 n8 w* t" U& A pass1 r5 j" p" X9 m2 J5 Y
- W m# T' F. v$ P def count(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ $ t8 {2 C" [4 K8 s """ - D; X* U9 T% {* Y4 O( A S.count(sub[, start[, end]]) -> 9 @+ X( v; D6 r3 s/ R: g2 ]
4 ~ E# |" P! S6 a" T int .count(sub[, start[, end]]返回子字符串sub in不重叠出现的次数# R8 |3 z0 z3 j7 @% g
! B0 r) g7 S6 Q3 |1 J# O
字符串(开始:结束)。可选参数start和end是用切片表示法解释。 7 h# j. a% ~1 X2 C* j: ~+ G) B """: a3 |) j; l5 ?( b
return 0 - o% c, u) ~5 f- o( o! w. Z% S; X : b! `2 b7 K5 {1 {9 \ def encode(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + a2 r2 D; \6 @: ` """ + n2 ~8 }2 `" \3 ~% p' F2 v' b Encode the string using the codec registered for encoding.' x! C/ b2 W$ Q) a
4 t6 @9 L( k7 n5 p encoding ; _) L6 S6 Y5 a# P! p, I The encoding in which to encode the string.' I- {* ~: @. _% [
errors$ |; B3 y4 ?+ L+ d7 c
The error handling scheme to use for encoding errors.! k3 A* {6 S9 A! e) u1 L$ W
The default is 'strict' meaning that encoding errors raise a7 ^% o, r' X0 C; U! h
UnicodeEncodeError. Other possible values are 'ignore', 'replace' and j$ f- P0 u$ m; F
'xmlcharrefreplace' as well as any other name registered with4 w* c/ d' {: _) d" y; ]( }
codecs.register_error that can handle UnicodeEncodeErrors. 6 R. ?6 E: L' k7 o& \( T ) w! f R0 ~% N9 J% s; n. q& m+ } 使用注册用于编码的编解码器对字符串进行编码。9 o7 n9 L% y' T: L/ n8 a/ U
/ j. o W, _7 g9 f# O
编码 : d* W: n" C) m, x 用于编码字符串的编码方式。 7 q6 g9 U6 O5 I% G' a 错误 + _ D4 ?. D' Y3 J2 F3 J 用于编码错误的错误处理方案。 3 J, f- |: T7 o2 n ?7 M* S 默认值是'strict',意味着编码错误会引发UnicodeEncodeError。 . p/ n9 W. W0 [3 Q 其他可能的值有'ignore', 'replace'和'xmlcharrefreplace'以及注册的任何其他名称编解码器。 * s0 \3 y% u3 | o& V( A$ L 可以处理UnicodeEncodeErrors的register_error。 4 U7 n7 |9 m/ F$ T$ x/ @. J' P) G """" v! n( f% |. P! J9 w
pass* H8 [/ ]$ p5 U3 b( W ?6 {8 B
: ?& W5 b1 }: Z9 h
def endswith(self, suffix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__! F' k8 p6 f9 c1 r' `/ L
""" 1 [$ a& m+ @4 ~+ X S.endswith(suffix[, start[, end]]) -> bool( v# {0 ^- ~/ @" K
2 n& g" S5 M. V/ l% K! h6 b, Q, D Return True if S ends with the specified suffix, False otherwise. 3 ^$ ~3 e- P) T7 ^8 s With optional start, test S beginning at that position. - n8 W0 g: Z) a, i! `2 g/ H With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.0 B% j- E* b8 A) r) o2 ]
suffix can also be a tuple of strings to try. 7 q$ E: C6 c0 r0 O o' a8 ^; a """ ) X3 l1 u( J& O6 ~ return False ; H t! j' O: e; Z6 {4 D ' w5 _; V, k. h: `) c) a( u) _ def expandtabs(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown W( i* |* m7 d* K
"""* e( r+ P3 O4 z( C0 a) W5 _4 M! k
Return a copy where all tab characters are expanded using spaces.' P0 I9 o( `1 P* j# _$ h2 A
, H$ Q0 g! v% z4 Q
If tabsize is not given, a tab size of 8 characters is assumed.1 x% g( V+ V" f
""" ) b& i6 Y, @0 W pass " Z$ D( n9 o& S8 ^; c- T/ T3 a5 P4 ~( h; E' g
def find(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__! s& y5 z8 f% Y
""" 1 j# x+ C5 t# f2 @. e U" B S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int: b# `* S/ K1 V# p4 |/ N7 F
( X# w! ^" B4 R8 y# Y3 J6 P9 i
Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found,3 U$ @0 _) X0 F5 O9 ~
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional% g( G/ [3 f+ c( T7 s' Z' ^8 Q; D+ t! S
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. 0 D; d) g7 y2 C# h2 y% u 1 d/ t) B( _4 Q* ?- n0 @! T Return -1 on failure. K/ p* i3 h5 z4 Q8 }4 `; C
6 i3 n7 c3 N0 I, ]
S.find(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 8 `! ]! A8 ^: p0 T J: i : z: U4 x7 t- i( V: A/ V 返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。 3 a9 v7 `1 k+ ~4 y6 o, S4 o 可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。 + J" b; W" G. P' w7 g 2 ]; L9 N: ?4 f8 |% O
失败时返回-1。 % I) B- h3 b, ~7 V# z3 G% i: q/ ] @' o; q; Y8 @+ p; J( o
""") z. {# u, m8 [2 }
return 0$ _% {, w' R9 p+ `* C. ?
+ ~& X9 [; }3 e Z |
def format(self, *args, **kwargs): # known special case of str.format + S+ B! f# p f5 j$ U1 Q """- r) e$ b% N: e0 ?: z0 T# n0 E
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str 9 b" k% j K( q# ?- o. A5 a$ T- y/ M2 X: J6 S, V
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from args and kwargs. : E" p( E! J% y# n7 ` o3 ` The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').. ?+ Y1 F/ M, I. _- Q
# }+ e. m8 X- a. g
S.format(*args, **kwargs) -> str ( Y# ?# A3 a$ l * z4 S- n0 k/ v7 r+ P1 I2 H# c 使用args和kwargs的替换,返回S的格式化版本。3 K3 R8 N' p2 S9 y, I" u
替换由大括号('{'和'}')标识。# L: R) [6 N, |: ^( d" x- H, r
""" 6 e* L' R) d& K pass' O4 @' z) q: o! K! o' a; R
( y2 p/ i+ d& D& X
def format_map(self, mapping): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 2 S3 Y* k. \& C' ? """ ' `) r# l% A1 i$ I6 s) F S.format_map(mapping) -> str $ p, [7 y; L9 f' c' k H8 W0 Q, n% S; H& R0 d
Return a formatted version of S, using substitutions from mapping.0 `# t7 j; f: p; j0 w2 E
The substitutions are identified by braces ('{' and '}').: P; H& n. A# \. u/ j# |
""" ) v. D$ p& s# A! f% n A0 d return "" + ?) Y$ y2 M5 s1 v) Q* g; C& i1 h0 o% V$ P& t9 z8 a- p% u9 a
def index(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__' k; M" ?* Q! ^2 n
""" ; X3 Q: ^9 W" p3 z1 [ S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 0 h2 E$ e. H. Y" }+ U* i, ~, r h! U
Return the lowest index in S where substring sub is found, 6 g! H( W! M {) P) p) L& R3 x3 L such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional % E3 V9 G ^. f6 | arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation.9 _! t* O6 \/ Z: c
& g! w! h( }4 n! X Raises ValueError when the substring is not found. g N+ V( G$ B! c1 _2 W
4 ~1 R; W' {6 I% ^# J S.index(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int 0 ~6 w! Z3 E J .index(sub[, start[, end]] - F. H- Y% _1 d; M5 O: X% V ! \2 k& K3 C, v
返回S中找到子串sub的最低下标,这样,sub包含在S[start:end]中。0 k x& [6 y* S4 w
可选参数start和end被解释为切片表示法。- i: r. Y3 M7 y
+ D- d' |( t- O+ t* u 当没有找到子字符串时引发ValueError。 ! H5 X5 X: [+ Y5 W, O P7 I """ : W0 A' R5 v: l$ L q return 0- T0 q& c$ n8 Q# b! U' x
! m% g! l2 h* d# ?+ W def isalnum(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 5 w* X+ r; ]9 s """3 w3 }5 f- I" ?- L% V/ `" e6 a
Return True if the string is an alpha-numeric string, False otherwise. + z( M9 S: Y5 y) f2 T2 ?# \6 b6 X/ w& |
A string is alpha-numeric if all characters in the string are alpha-numeric and w. S) z4 \7 t9 u4 @
there is at least one character in the string.: ^8 T) t) Z4 [1 ?8 x
""" ) w. {; u- A' s( d3 ` pass O | u* @8 W3 v/ ~9 p8 Z
' {: l6 _9 }/ [4 r def isalpha(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown : b$ v% ?7 D0 F2 f) a """ 8 o" I3 G4 Z) B+ C5 o# G Return True if the string is an alphabetic string, False otherwise. . ~, s- T5 Y9 c5 c2 O7 l0 _ ^+ J! d6 h0 {9 \. u A string is alphabetic if all characters in the string are alphabetic and there$ ]0 u4 J. Y) Q, w, A6 C$ |) {# G
is at least one character in the string. y( ~$ e8 U/ U1 @1 I
""" + E* J! ]( c6 a5 X* T) o3 l pass 7 w& Z+ S2 j l& c ?3 _ ! C* U# W+ E( v8 q9 `9 G def isascii(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown2 Q& W7 y1 G5 F) t9 X$ ]! d. K' i
"""5 }# |$ J5 c% \" Z
Return True if all characters in the string are ASCII, False otherwise.- K) w; ?% f7 l+ v
: C) L" ^1 n/ L! t* J+ B
ASCII characters have code points in the range U+0000-U+007F.# ~1 L6 t9 x, B6 Y8 B
Empty string is ASCII too. |* L- ^4 A" Y6 W """" C$ L" t1 D" S( m/ M5 p
pass% ^9 P4 i5 P6 ]; c! G% F: ]
# y* b1 m4 z. D9 L; _ def isdecimal(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown V0 g6 i/ D' c+ ~( U, U$ ~9 S
""" $ d4 [/ F: `5 a5 u9 v. T: K% t Return True if the string is a decimal string, False otherwise. & H1 T" ~7 t0 K% s& v1 J9 Y+ E! \/ [1 J
A string is a decimal string if all characters in the string are decimal and 4 H2 {/ {4 e( z' }: i9 w$ R there is at least one character in the string. . i9 b# N6 R f0 k* y0 ^% P4 R """* I9 I6 Q* ]1 S6 a
pass $ N: F" V% T& T) }. n$ c2 |( B1 a) J. B3 t9 k1 k% K0 L
def isdigit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown& k9 c9 w" ^% ]% \4 O
"""; H5 V3 d2 y6 v7 u1 i4 Q6 [# ]3 B
Return True if the string is a digit string, False otherwise.2 M$ f! A6 T. L: w
: O# |4 N" Z4 h. y# k4 \7 }1 H, \
A string is a digit string if all characters in the string are digits and there 0 b5 X( u' j% {/ W6 Y# Z+ G is at least one character in the string. 0 `# T* d+ {8 n" G% t8 b """ # X+ t8 q' v9 \" C& x. {3 i pass% L/ Y5 K1 R8 a
" f. ~( |$ r- Q) n2 L
def isidentifier(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ' `! f3 g; h1 I0 I """ ; |7 E# z* |- \ Return True if the string is a valid Python identifier, False otherwise./ s/ W; |, e* N9 A
" v+ w4 b: ~# g2 q$ b Call keyword.iskeyword(s) to test whether string s is a reserved identifier,- U" H3 o& U' }; e
such as "def" or "class". , k+ M0 i& x& l7 ~; ]' L5 z" F """ # Y. Q( e+ ?" t9 j p pass4 R6 {$ Y0 B Y7 }4 S
0 B0 E" A9 C" Q# g. m def islower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown + X% m/ `8 B3 h& M: F" i" J. p """ : w9 _; g3 C- `9 O- c) Y Return True if the string is a lowercase string, False otherwise.8 a4 N- I; [+ V, ?2 k5 U
* e+ X# c! d- R9 f& m
A string is lowercase if all cased characters in the string are lowercase and 7 S' [7 `! U, W, M there is at least one cased character in the string. $ F2 X* l8 ?+ e! D """) r5 h/ s) E6 K J- g3 ?
pass9 v" d+ D* _; b* U7 i
/ t3 ]) U( A r7 m& s
def isnumeric(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown / e7 d4 R1 x/ ]" X3 D0 G: G """ $ j+ O3 C. @1 Y+ T. `7 ? Return True if the string is a numeric string, False otherwise. 2 [! n( z; U1 _: @$ b. J" [7 c( W& I
A string is numeric if all characters in the string are numeric and there is at 3 u. x" \4 G2 ^7 Q least one character in the string. ( w V2 @- e& N& @! y* ~) R """ a* R+ B( M5 H& L pass ( {- N2 p8 R0 Z$ |3 I4 o; {. E# s# i6 c
def isprintable(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown . m! \7 T( F2 L/ O """( m8 v8 Z# S& @1 d0 e* v
Return True if the string is printable, False otherwise. 3 P/ w+ ~/ ^& a# O0 }! q6 U& r: o( I
A string is printable if all of its characters are considered printable in s* D) y$ P/ | repr() or if it is empty. 9 A0 e& i% I- M' k; S# q; [& b """ 6 N; P) U! e" Q0 X0 `' d pass7 x3 W6 A l$ H
+ x/ E) B& s8 p$ }- J( ~ e( @ def isspace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 4 A& ^: `- G& l+ k/ Z/ D """$ c4 c7 Y) z- [7 [
Return True if the string is a whitespace string, False otherwise.) V; U9 z# j' q1 O4 ?6 U
% V3 A" I- {1 x3 t7 G# M+ l
A string is whitespace if all characters in the string are whitespace and there. P. @9 o% U% t9 s- M4 I6 F D
is at least one character in the string.3 Z' X3 g# G6 j, V, e& l! [# }, L
"""5 z* [) {' h6 @; o
pass 7 _+ d0 V' C3 Y, j6 _) G9 J* i2 G$ Z! l. r* \
def istitle(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown. z. ]" |/ n' f7 K# z5 q
""" ( W8 c0 N+ e0 S3 S/ T Return True if the string is a title-cased string, False otherwise. $ U+ N! j! G: G0 n$ F! X) j. C7 G' T* k/ i- J* w, T+ C I
In a title-cased string, upper- and title-case characters may only 2 U0 m# D. D1 N" }( a7 q! Z follow uncased characters and lowercase characters only cased ones. * \- P& x( P) d$ Z) A """" o* r# w+ ]! Z: M+ @4 H
pass 9 G7 z3 b3 x+ `0 ]9 }: a0 M# @" u5 {. Y
def isupper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown/ U. s/ N0 c x( ^* F( K
"""5 A/ ~# V5 z* n! ]' @
Return True if the string is an uppercase string, False otherwise.% ?. e0 I g6 o$ q& N' K
( J$ Q/ @+ N" u' ^# P9 [
A string is uppercase if all cased characters in the string are uppercase and / `7 g! ]( N; m: m; N1 J there is at least one cased character in the string.6 Y+ r0 t6 a) p* A0 g7 h; ?0 ~
"""! M( j( I$ q T; t
pass' A, i. M8 `0 M% Z$ e3 K
5 K( ]# @4 X) a
def join(self, ab=None, pq=None, rs=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__: n; }& Y4 b* w/ s$ q, K
"""5 P1 q4 ^2 P7 v. U# s
Concatenate any number of strings. * Z$ h# u8 c$ m: C1 `. b & N* }. @" c3 u& l The string whose method is called is inserted in between each given string.2 P0 a7 a- B' E+ ~ P. x
The result is returned as a new string.. h" i- n/ ?& H
4 ~ F$ h z8 u" `
Example: '.'.join(['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs' ) J/ T' H+ [% X, {8 P: W# v8 X: ]1 j/ H2 Z' d
连接任意数量的字符串。; g" s$ h0 T5 Y
4 d; s. k8 Y+ l0 ]% ?
调用其方法的字符串被插入到每个给定字符串之间。2 M- w G5 j8 P4 n U
结果以新字符串的形式返回。 3 |, B$ M! @. a$ B: |2 ^" M, J- p ) L; w S/ ?! `! s2 ]( t
例如:“。”。Join (['ab', 'pq', 'rs']) -> 'ab.pq.rs'$ j" u: m6 Y7 n1 q2 O
""" ; ?8 e1 ^; O t* I1 d3 {- l* f pass3 ^* E- o4 ?! H* C1 n* S: x) Q
1 P* H! d3 b( d! p5 N9 B
def ljust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 a& s: n h1 g( }3 G$ W """ . g s- |0 U( w- j3 K# I: n Return a left-justified string of length width. 1 w4 X& \5 @0 b# ^6 `- K2 V* x# ^1 d* O( y
Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space). ' a/ h6 ]$ U' @& _' x3 I, w- m0 J7 w
返回长度为width的左对齐字符串。* i. a! [ ?' S9 m# R( ]1 a' W
# \2 v- u7 ^. b8 W% i! K1 ` 使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。 0 d5 B+ P* S' P """ 6 i1 n5 E" `* p pass! U) R6 o) L6 m" a& r J: D0 g
- c L- M( J" g5 q# {
def lower(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown " r2 u L: _' d5 T- U9 k# a: D """ Return a copy of the string converted to lowercase. 8 G7 T$ f5 _: h 返回转换为小写的字符串副本。"""5 _( J% U9 E* b4 M. M
pass # O4 [8 H: w4 |* F" O2 t / X5 z6 Q3 y4 r( S9 I def lstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown % A) q8 \/ Z K7 [8 S! _' v* ] """ + H7 m+ I; o$ c i0 L" e Return a copy of the string with leading whitespace removed. 9 h5 Q1 _) R* \* B# W4 f ! @( c w! _' J, ~- P( ? If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead.0 p- V" Q$ z# v+ c3 S6 S# o3 r
0 }, b& S% ~/ Z7 D
返回删除前导空格的字符串副本。3 q# e8 C# Y, c$ x: m$ y
$ T1 U% K" G' u& o+ q 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。. N: A) }4 U8 `3 L( k# W6 m
"""' T' L" M4 w8 h A$ N- `6 l
pass 0 q/ J0 x3 E, l; y& Q" P: i5 T) L j+ [ _' J
def maketrans(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown8 h6 U, [, g+ j( W. [2 {
"""' }! b% W# w4 m( Q4 x4 u
Return a translation table usable for str.translate(). : H% F' y z8 y; t( Y3 S+ { 3 V* E R9 b$ ?" p: j If there is only one argument, it must be a dictionary mapping Unicode , r( ~& k- ~# q! v/ E ordinals (integers) or characters to Unicode ordinals, strings or None.6 C. l; V$ [7 E( ^/ F- [8 d" @
Character keys will be then converted to ordinals. * h# v8 f7 ]# K7 R$ c d: m If there are two arguments, they must be strings of equal length, and8 L( d: g! d9 [8 I' M2 z4 |
in the resulting dictionary, each character in x will be mapped to the; k9 L- N4 L4 X) r) {( n
character at the same position in y. If there is a third argument, it2 j& g$ ~! A! R- ` c2 r9 a! l S
must be a string, whose characters will be mapped to None in the result.' a, a3 \5 p! t* s8 }
""" & ` N! O/ I f pass: ^4 D+ Q1 S s7 i) g- {6 ^9 _( A
4 m9 H0 a0 W: }; Z: P/ ^+ S
def partition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown8 V9 O& \, W9 B% ?2 |8 d
"""3 ?) R9 s* B5 T6 m \! i* T/ H
Partition the string into three parts using the given separator. & D0 r8 B) c% W) A7 @. F9 { % I, Z! n0 o% N4 ^6 [2 ~ This will search for the separator in the string. If the separator is found, ! y- K, c: t/ X0 f returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the separator, the separator& U/ \/ s( ], _8 @- T4 [6 m
itself, and the part after it. 0 ]7 O# f% I5 C" v R! F; T3 p 7 U! I! d' y T( k8 r If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing the original string4 `( b& r1 A# ~/ D9 z1 b4 I! Y) l
and two empty strings. & G7 h4 t1 o n% u( ~ """ t0 z$ l4 w( H6 {8 ~1 Z" d
pass 4 ` \8 U; S: B! ^ 5 N. a! v3 X$ @- d6 Q: y1 c/ T def replace(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown / G( l8 \7 n( C( [ """ E1 m9 g* Z, y8 r+ u! |) y
Return a copy with all occurrences of substring old replaced by new. 7 ?( m; O& v& t; s- _* J$ I 6 _# w% O! S6 t' n count f0 S8 {% j* q1 ~- I
Maximum number of occurrences to replace.% c- {; i3 X0 }
-1 (the default value) means replace all occurrences./ J" b6 a0 Z+ u& G) e# C' r* d
8 q3 ^, K, K, U- P/ Y
If the optional argument count is given, only the first count occurrences are ; p; { F, M! l8 j replaced.0 d$ A& \1 X' N' D% ^% i
' j# H- V/ I% A; }) _1 @& I/ R& C
返回一个副本,其中所有出现的子字符串old都被new替换。 ! C9 w/ D5 ^$ z& |; h+ V) c0 h" E, I) l$ V9 y0 y- [
数& R3 i9 E4 X: @: c
替换的最大次数。+ H9 Y! o4 ?' r t" y3 h- K/ Y
-1(默认值)表示替换所有匹配项。 ]" x8 @/ O' b8 V3 k% O
' k, H3 L# e1 E" y! R 如果给出了可选参数count,则只出现第一个count更换。 # s" F2 c3 E$ I* u# ? """ ; Q7 d2 B9 q! Y/ q9 S pass 8 b. W4 h& U/ t' p4 a* H4 Z- v& W5 f
def rfind(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__6 a) B1 t& |% H6 F/ J$ P
""" , ?8 V( w' j2 q( G/ W* V+ m7 q S.rfind(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int7 u p0 `( w% B" s$ z; n
G. i/ f$ [# u, o* s Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found, # X( T; n* S6 R3 ]2 H such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional " c `. `8 R1 T arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. ' E( G0 s6 P& }# l! E & N; X5 k% [$ j Return -1 on failure. 3 G7 i! j' s3 E$ A! w """6 V: M) l+ l2 w4 ^3 ~" M
return 0) ^. K# n# w2 l6 c* s
" s p! e3 `% _2 P+ I c% U def rindex(self, sub, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__: {5 ^1 d* ]" K" {
""" ( ~% x' d$ X0 ?6 t S.rindex(sub[, start[, end]]) -> int" o9 r5 x6 c& N
. U4 m/ B" F0 q
Return the highest index in S where substring sub is found,' k# v# t/ A4 j
such that sub is contained within S[start:end]. Optional: w3 p( R* R! n% V" y8 ]& r N* l
arguments start and end are interpreted as in slice notation. 1 S: d* }6 z. R) [9 K) A8 D0 k' p; J* [, y
Raises ValueError when the substring is not found.# R p4 D" ~2 V/ s$ `4 S* I
"""( e, G8 k! K: b. Y
return 0 $ f$ [. ~5 c' M3 Y1 k' c1 H. [+ h ) z# {& J4 E5 N8 M. X. @; U def rjust(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown7 }2 {. B* o) W$ Z. ]) V7 h1 k5 _
"""1 k8 t/ j# u4 I
Return a right-justified string of length width." |2 @# C. B/ b& c& q$ Y
* j! I6 M6 {/ Z! d! I) A V6 `/ f
Padding is done using the specified fill character (default is a space). % b; ^7 w5 v- u' n, v9 o2 b- E' \, U
返回长度为width的右对齐字符串。6 W$ A& E; M/ M- y1 y+ a
) R3 h. n' C6 d+ k* u+ j
使用指定的填充字符(默认为空格)填充。, I( g. @: S- e5 Q0 v
"""+ A a) g/ G9 f/ U0 s2 a7 U
pass( B: o2 D) p6 J" {
5 M4 @, p9 {7 [1 V
def rpartition(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 3 j8 ^& L0 E) D8 r( r/ q """ & X5 i$ f7 r( v( b Partition the string into three parts using the given separator. + E2 I( e: X9 `5 V+ w9 g / O) E1 Q% Y/ g1 m" E% D4 ~ This will search for the separator in the string, starting at the end. If o. M6 s$ A$ ]% h" ]4 ^
the separator is found, returns a 3-tuple containing the part before the * u# r; G; |$ A separator, the separator itself, and the part after it.$ o+ ], d8 W5 t5 v" Z) |
/ l8 m6 X% ?. z: C If the separator is not found, returns a 3-tuple containing two empty strings" K0 L' O0 i# z- j- ^9 p
and the original string. 2 _, [5 [0 w2 n3 Z) v9 o; @ """% S0 a! _( W! Y9 ^3 m
pass2 D, \/ I& ]/ c3 L
) ~6 L z- j* `9 i/ ? def rsplit(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 J3 {5 f. I6 {( k4 R
""" $ M. s* U( \! v* m8 J4 U* T Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. ( f! a3 d! A4 P( J! ?; L- z; H v: y
sep7 x; b8 J0 H& i+ U0 N9 C
The delimiter according which to split the string.% ]$ ^. \" ?, s+ F& _! a
None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace,6 _: ?* {/ z9 e4 S8 Y
and discard empty strings from the result. 9 T4 p! S% u% y maxsplit) F. u3 U7 }3 v
Maximum number of splits to do.- k3 U) [% G t1 u3 B6 s/ r9 N# N
-1 (the default value) means no limit.0 w) ]! d* X9 U# [4 h
. M \) m9 S; U6 D5 H8 w
Splits are done starting at the end of the string and working to the front. 5 X/ F% J8 W& ]+ H2 B, U. g- A* R6 w9 m" c: h) i
返回字符串中的单词列表,使用sep作为分隔符字符串。 8 H& T5 L( U* l7 x sep , O$ W& O; A1 b8 X3 i 用来分割字符串的分隔符。 ' D$ x9 M% p# y& u5 _3 S4 \7 i None(默认值)表示根据任何空格进行分割,并从结果中丢弃空字符串。; E; `% Q! ^5 A. w, [, i# I
, G" p; w+ T) s! S
maxsplit # i, T R, J. e" ^ 最大分割次数。1 O5 I3 ]) Z: b/ ]& l4 \
-1(默认值)表示无限制。) _! y+ g2 K4 m, E1 o( ]3 b
v2 |* a/ h, O
劈叉从绳子的末端开始,一直到前面。! k7 b1 U* ?5 W
"""- u& \ Y; {" E, j8 W7 J8 b
pass ( P; s/ `3 {4 ^+ d 1 v7 x0 m) `9 s5 o8 d8 p f5 X& H7 l def rstrip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown * ] G$ l5 I4 b0 D1 [. I$ | """ & X2 X+ ^, P; S$ w Return a copy of the string with trailing whitespace removed. " x* M% q K$ `$ v3 |) {1 o) [6 v . [: i/ q$ T0 t2 N$ o If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. : \- {- I7 _( G/ ~9 K! |! J' t! \' [2 x
返回字符串的副本,删除尾随空格。 ! [# N0 O; O6 R; K1 y) l% F7 e; x8 T - P; L) S' n% r1 B4 p1 ^/ P 如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。! m% `. v8 ]- Y8 H' ^5 Q- k
"""8 a/ `+ x) y' Q1 U: U' r7 _
pass * |" O: e! v8 P6 H$ L k) n' J4 |! W7 Q% U
def split(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 3 b; D& }# y/ s. y8 g7 L """+ `" ]) |8 \9 v& n3 s
Return a list of the words in the string, using sep as the delimiter string. 5 D) d, j: m# Q" c+ R. O" ~! f0 \
sep0 V$ Z' g; e; K# Z/ g9 e
The delimiter according which to split the string. H' _2 \; {) b4 `! J6 ~; W& P, Y3 U None (the default value) means split according to any whitespace," j: X0 @, ]) p: R+ W
and discard empty strings from the result. 3 f. y f s1 E" X maxsplit # z7 Q: a6 e3 U3 Y Maximum number of splits to do./ q9 o) g0 H, d& e. i+ p* P2 x
-1 (the default value) means no limit. 7 t9 T7 T7 F9 K7 w( n' P """) C6 L0 ~# e" q- S# R1 E8 V
pass3 d( P* _; i$ Z7 \
( u7 o, g( Y( Q! R def splitlines(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown$ V {8 A! s- r% H9 Z) r
""" ( y6 G5 s* U. Y) d Return a list of the lines in the string, breaking at line boundaries.2 L, s" a. z# D3 a
2 _" e3 V) ]4 b" A
Line breaks are not included in the resulting list unless keepends is given and# }9 @5 k2 ]( ?9 b
true.! {% N' Y8 \) M) |
""" 0 j7 o; W" i) ]( W2 {7 T7 }# j pass) ^# x2 u% W. c3 _; g
* P( k3 d1 k1 g$ ^" f2 M/ E def startswith(self, prefix, start=None, end=None): # real signature unknown; restored from __doc__ 9 i3 h& O: T% }. g3 m! H5 q """ ; _% Q& x, c1 j) P S.startswith(prefix[, start[, end]]) -> bool 1 q; `; V2 T2 O5 N3 J6 e5 h {' G 2 h; c' r4 E/ D. _4 C Return True if S starts with the specified prefix, False otherwise.& V5 q* q0 z8 m) U/ A& _& v
With optional start, test S beginning at that position. 5 V7 [9 f* w$ R2 a) u With optional end, stop comparing S at that position.$ P# ]7 T* ^, V& ~
prefix can also be a tuple of strings to try. 3 f: Y# o& I1 j4 P """/ S3 o$ |( i$ S0 x
return False h, m, x) ]7 w9 ?
! G# I( E1 q3 n* u* ?8 W* S# W
def strip(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 8 `) r$ G: X* V8 o; D """" H9 y2 J7 S5 c' b
Return a copy of the string with leading and trailing whitespace removed. 3 B0 N; v4 {" d2 C% h9 t! c# u 3 B" A+ o' F; Q5 m2 W* d* ~ If chars is given and not None, remove characters in chars instead. # t$ q: K! {: K4 P$ P1 B5 m2 r! E/ `* ^ c
返回删除前导和尾随空格的字符串副本。 , Q( v% Z6 q, I4 S# z, h8 X- G( R5 m
如果给出了chars而不是None,则删除chars中的字符。7 ?7 [; C1 o1 b' B$ f1 g8 {7 \
"""$ X) b! X# K. P8 p
pass 1 Z* h' v% V9 A8 x( q& ] , G- D& f: L) z9 w def swapcase(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown) G: w1 U1 \+ A" Y* ?
""" Convert uppercase characters to lowercase and lowercase characters to uppercase. """ # X! D3 U% O& }' c pass( h# \5 a* {, W( { p) j" G
' u/ E. l9 W, F' A2 i j5 R: f$ R
def title(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; D3 U; `) |' d3 ~% u) e; U4 @, i8 q. V
"""* q6 i, M, y* w7 n- @
Return a version of the string where each word is titlecased.2 Z1 U% t5 S4 w# k( p
8 h/ p4 b" m6 [* l; C
More specifically, words start with uppercased characters and all remaining5 k7 b* t* U3 \5 Q8 q3 \. T& }% J
cased characters have lower case. " J! H4 g' V( T& T! i% G9 c* w, [ """( g5 @# t) |2 x' r8 ?, H( Q
pass , f' Z/ T* B- i" y 0 s2 M) Y# ~* P" G5 b& f& H( Y def translate(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 T4 P1 R' J/ C" |1 N5 `" Y; u& O
""" ; D: y! i) U" e7 f Replace each character in the string using the given translation table. 5 |. V V4 _2 Y( ^# p. y; S% X# i# M& k& x6 K! K
table ( c# P, i! F% Z3 l' [9 ]! P; g2 w! o Translation table, which must be a mapping of Unicode ordinals to" r3 x8 P) e5 ^, `
Unicode ordinals, strings, or None. " P2 a" N8 F$ K2 @- l, ]: G2 c. r% h3 w3 K- g. u; ?
The table must implement lookup/indexing via __getitem__, for instance a$ N' N4 b- s# Y) r& U6 u0 E
dictionary or list. If this operation raises LookupError, the character is 3 k' d% v; ]. V" r7 X6 T left untouched. Characters mapped to None are deleted.) Z" L- J* f* P/ E/ N
""" $ O3 k" r4 H$ m pass + @, c/ F+ \! u* A" ^/ H) ] # Q8 D& X/ D8 j: I- K9 |9 E8 n0 z def upper(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown% N. b+ v/ ~3 ?5 D6 F7 y
""" Return a copy of the string converted to uppercase. """ % E: P2 A8 E+ f5 t pass 2 e0 y/ G- @% Y % u4 z5 s4 O5 F3 m5 ] def zfill(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown# z* y- S% \, l( \
""" * q. n& Z1 c- H Pad a numeric string with zeros on the left, to fill a field of the given width. , j t$ ]; h* a; S3 X 6 l3 [" i4 b2 `- A- ?* p: c1 S The string is never truncated. 9 N- u/ j+ H! @ x! Y% } d2 G9 r """ , b- {8 T! O% ` pass; \: Z1 W- j( `/ r
8 {1 h; T2 ?8 u" C( A0 f( W
def __add__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown2 p' ^7 e/ T& R$ T; h9 X6 X3 Z; u
""" Return self+value. """+ q3 ^: c. o1 A5 \
pass) I+ |2 l% h' e% A. c/ e
0 \$ l6 _7 a8 l. S def __contains__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 9 d+ J6 U: u; [6 o5 h& Y6 d """ Return key in self. """ * ~8 j6 H6 w# H* Z$ ?; K pass( X; M& {0 x# Q& o& r
$ x( h4 M2 I% E" E
def __eq__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown; f) \6 R% M! k3 S
""" Return self==value. """ 7 P1 p& }- |, y1 e pass 1 o/ L- g- e9 S0 Y/ B1 V. I , T5 o5 {8 f: j% c, E7 { def __format__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown! u0 }$ w2 U1 ]2 z* X
""" Return a formatted version of the string as described by format_spec. """- p: o( a) ^- n+ Z7 C
pass 8 `5 H2 F/ k& U! S# x' Z) `; V* i P$ Y- s' B! _8 b
def __getattribute__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ( s1 E8 U- `9 ~4 e1 H( T """ Return getattr(self, name). """ ( L2 s# U9 V% n8 X pass 1 ]9 A/ ^0 M& ^4 _/ t& C9 p0 H! z$ h. I) d( u
def __getitem__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown& w/ a# z3 D* n$ U
""" Return self[key]. """0 X1 ]: Z$ [8 P+ u4 M
pass' D% Z' P& B- B
3 D$ G9 r; p: k& e def __getnewargs__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown, T E* k& K2 c
pass # q% _4 _0 u1 R! c $ R+ g$ ]( k7 _% G0 _ def __ge__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown . {( G& E% F d+ h """ Return self>=value. """ " B. B) j0 ?$ g7 s; _& o- t pass 3 j. y1 k3 I) R0 C' l; m ; p1 R7 `! h" a) b def __gt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown9 x6 c* q" V; Z6 H/ A: V6 s/ T9 l- k* a
""" Return self>value. """ 7 g3 I& m+ O- `% R pass 2 u0 `9 Z3 }. Z* w8 i e) y7 ~- r7 G, o9 p* _9 c5 W! R/ r& M! B" b
def __hash__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown9 \! h, V! D H- e! ^1 }
""" Return hash(self). """7 A& d8 }# ^6 B6 O3 ^% R
pass+ b1 c9 a `2 [8 D0 @7 w+ |
7 R8 v' G0 D, S T0 A
def __init__(self, value='', encoding=None, errors='strict'): # known special case of str.__init__ 2 L+ e w& W, f. P1 w/ V5 w2 P """3 @9 T, O0 w1 O& ?, U! \1 L0 P
str(object='') -> str 9 I" ?( \3 d) v6 E. a( }; c1 X' m str(bytes_or_buffer[, encoding[, errors]]) -> str5 q, \7 k/ K: u; n7 E
$ V% l. E0 ^# D x$ [8 X5 B# m! W/ |
Create a new string object from the given object. If encoding or8 h P1 R x# Y, {, a0 s
errors is specified, then the object must expose a data buffer ! S$ x1 ?/ I4 e; d that will be decoded using the given encoding and error handler. " [7 f! n$ x( t# k: U Otherwise, returns the result of object.__str__() (if defined)4 s$ {6 d" G9 }; q
or repr(object).& J+ p: T! e6 @7 [. K
encoding defaults to sys.getdefaultencoding().* ^" P; i% K* H' z6 A4 S& R0 i
errors defaults to 'strict'. 8 S2 N# q4 e+ W( S5 r' G! q R # (copied from class doc) q" E6 @3 ]3 X/ c' z4 O """ 1 [* F# G$ j- [% n- t6 c7 s pass5 t% X, R! n; K0 B' T* D0 B
* i3 X& M9 N0 h& a5 U; \/ G: }9 s
def __iter__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 m ]* q7 `0 ^4 X3 V """ Implement iter(self). """! @# Y6 s0 I& n, @# d; X9 E
pass f0 A" a3 o- m) P1 {* o& F' p
0 V6 A- d, f5 ^" Y. E def __len__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown a# j: @1 C7 k; t2 y0 e: \7 d """ Return len(self). """ 0 u+ m, f- t6 @' Q pass$ t! v) n/ w) ^5 A
- ~: A* Q+ b8 m2 T0 D
def __le__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown : X0 l7 _- e6 ?) V( \' K! @ """ Return self<=value. """9 y) i+ d( h% m9 l
pass 5 N1 _1 k! @3 P% ~- \, {( \) x7 u7 c
def __lt__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown+ M( j! c& Y8 `+ g6 y% [
""" Return self<value. """ / H/ i% \- o _5 Z1 W. Z- B pass$ W/ w4 p9 E/ V+ k, ]
- ^$ y( e/ B: R( r% X
def __mod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown ) n! \4 m) J2 ^2 b """ Return self%value. """ 0 b" I( B5 ]; m/ M2 I pass 3 o- m* Y0 U/ Z' t: l5 ~/ l$ d$ L $ c9 \- f5 y" ]; w) w8 p' H def __mul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown6 w% z+ \) t6 V) j: T1 u& f
""" Return self*value. """ % i* j( D9 }. p% p. U pass% J3 X& V/ E/ C. i
+ _/ x) |! E$ e7 [8 k @staticmethod # known case of __new__; Q0 h! A7 y# l5 D
def __new__(*args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown* ^7 m K' Y6 y0 s
""" Create and return a new object. See help(type) for accurate signature. """ 7 s0 _+ e3 M( @# h/ W& e6 C3 ~- L pass7 J9 N/ C. P2 C
' e; B' s {* ]. D7 Q( s def __ne__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown3 Q& ]" V, ^3 Z# M7 ]& a( |
""" Return self!=value. """4 \5 {0 K7 g/ g3 ?# F! w
pass & ]" }7 g; X' y& p% q* \; e& V$ \; s6 ^! f/ p, G+ ]- b8 x* L
def __repr__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 1 Q. C* D) v, T; c, S """ Return repr(self). """ v# q9 P+ J7 V" y8 m, a+ K' i2 M pass. {* r, M) l& z$ V1 A
% g- H2 P: Q& ?8 F$ T# a def __rmod__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown0 {# C9 M, P! S( ^
""" Return value%self. """ % s9 j7 } U# Z2 m5 C$ C% ?' x pass) G, A' D& S. z4 H
$ Y3 |8 a3 t! u% b def __rmul__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown/ S6 U3 N3 x: B2 S/ \# h7 K( M
""" Return value*self. """( T, G# n2 e! k
pass4 X0 i& v& O. T
# R4 `' u0 w% ^/ n' y def __sizeof__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown: @5 ?6 R) m, M& U4 ?' z* g
""" Return the size of the string in memory, in bytes. """7 p9 k/ c' i# ?( q+ G! m1 G) b
pass q' _: @( z2 _$ H& p T3 K: m7 S; y9 H6 L# u& k I6 P3 d1 n3 K
def __str__(self, *args, **kwargs): # real signature unknown 7 Q4 \/ G" K5 U' k/ _# C+ s """ Return str(self). """ : K; c# [7 F! U; N9 }% x pass + m, L0 Q3 f+ t F. O/ K2 R9 ?' N3 [7 s2 l% G3 W& `5 J
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665 b; |4 Q3 m3 P( k' b
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71 5 P @" k- o7 Y$ F72 0 }8 V/ D# ^/ d$ F) Q( _73+ `5 I5 j z) Q2 `) X1 X
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76 , _, l) t! u; } Y# M775 l2 [$ V' w8 U
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80 Y0 @# W0 c. ^) U. [+ \: b81 . @" I( V L8 ^. g- r5 p# h82 8 P) X2 Q9 J" C' a835 Z$ J2 z5 [9 `" {0 t; s; m
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89 ' h% y) Q& _" p90 8 @- B/ ~, E$ V4 g2 D& r @7 F5 z8 }91( Q8 |7 \1 }4 ?/ Z; K9 _
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99 4 N9 W7 ?. V. a# l8 T100 . t' R; o, l; T5 T7 Z Q! A" _5 W101, M0 e6 V* |$ W* a. }
1028 k: I, V; R6 v# N
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105 / e9 L1 N/ F0 G/ Q5 F106 / D% p8 S1 ^* i8 H2 J, G107$ B$ L0 P1 E$ B; z2 O
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114 m% s% ?( V" `/ P* }115 6 H9 m7 h0 ~/ _2 j116 0 p4 v/ M$ ?# Z7 i+ k117% f2 H% L7 u) A. T9 v7 I
118 M2 R7 w& B' D* m9 p' Y
119 / N6 r) I5 k+ U% ~120 9 J1 M* x/ e) N: A" ]% B121 ! {8 y5 L! y. W* y1 h& I% k1222 T( J/ n% M4 t
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142 0 f6 V- S. a" t; p/ {7 H143 9 ]- n. Q* u+ x0 I9 h144' D4 e$ e- u3 E! r
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146 , o8 Y; K1 Y8 V+ y147 5 M. y) v2 k5 `0 T$ J148 1 ?7 f9 h% ]. w, i y( J149& E7 w3 C/ s f; |+ b3 ~
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155 & U: x7 `4 \. `# y/ c, {$ u156) Q4 B8 g3 u/ w4 N3 P4 i
157 6 k1 o$ v( }& w8 u5 X5 j. w158 5 H" i; _% @6 C; v: l159 {" |% [( @- e. P8 w4 d( K. _" `
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162 K4 i) B( @: l/ q
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1655 O5 m' u% F0 w! I) V" C
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180 & O* }3 ^- F6 j* ^181 7 V2 M& \3 y6 ~; ~: w# B182 5 U, ^. V4 A } t& B/ i183( J1 t, ? Q2 R% l
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185 ?/ Q9 r9 l9 E5 v& ]186 0 n1 O8 G( ^" x. J187 # V/ B' K+ M/ _1880 R- ^* F( N8 v% P& B
189 0 i' v& H) x9 ?- Y190 n% L! {) n4 e6 }0 [. K191$ m5 C: [5 R' J4 W6 _% i
192) V! o+ X R4 J' W; f. E1 H
1939 Z$ K) o* k3 Z5 c: S
194 . i. @9 j8 u' r* p1 k+ c195 6 Y9 {8 M. F! o' ]1 V196+ M" g3 z) h/ ^+ |! [
197: H# e: J5 J; c$ P( A/ y% h; ?
198 % F& `+ J* F6 m. A( C* Y199 3 W2 m$ e! _- A: V: L+ ^. V200, U- c0 S; ?$ m0 Z
201 & {7 _1 d8 c% ?" C# h+ l202 : p3 B A' J" C5 Z; j6 _203 4 E0 n$ c9 `; {' _204 0 K& t3 j: W" j$ Z1 Y0 P205; d* f9 }3 g1 O3 N8 }: W$ i
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239 ; [- S& O: T0 ~9 H% E240" ~8 p3 Z" _' ~7 `1 s0 n8 O, R
241 1 v$ F' K* O y242) _! F# {: w4 a5 C8 G" M+ A ~
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259 x! h* h4 k3 I) Q a8 }; f. H
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287 2 I3 K4 w( a% r/ O/ A, b/ ]9 ]) o. `2885 V, n) q& \2 q, ?8 i, |
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344 , @. V$ K& x# W {- I! X8 G/ A( W345 # v9 U+ b( [+ m1 @7 U346 9 C7 M! O A! ~, Y3474 N& y- E% U4 B7 ?5 c, U: ^
348 0 X1 p* r8 k: `5 ^349 % K4 }1 \2 o7 \, i9 V1 q3502 m( b. \4 P9 v) x4 r
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364 ; O+ J9 n* s: w365 ; ~3 h1 J, N7 Y) q* |+ K* H9 ~5 B366" W e1 A% t2 ~% f9 s) L3 G
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1.字符串操作符 / \$ x7 T1 B( b操作符 描述 ' K7 j, W8 I1 U% [: V6 ~+ w! K+ x+y,连接两个字符串x和y" U# F4 F# q+ }5 ~* \
* x*n或n*x,复制n次字符串x1 W! l6 \$ W( D- o! [; F" Z
in x in s,如果x是s的字串,返回True,否则返回False0 O a6 a5 ~: U c0 d' P
2.字符串处理函数! r' h/ o' B$ C1 B, X
函数 描述# i$ X/ h) y# |
len(x) 返回字符串x的长度,也可返回其它组合数据类型元素的个数 . z) {& w8 B6 k. o( istr(x) 返回任意类型x所对应的字符串形式 , A: R2 C! M: o7 @char(x) 返回Unicode编码x对应的单字符 ?- Z( \0 g* B$ P. Word(x) 返回x表示的Unicode编码9 c, N" m* e9 X9 |3 l) H# R
hex(x) 返回整数x对应十六进制的小写形式字符串1 @: q7 L f8 N4 S
oct(x) 返回整数x对应八进制的小写形式字符串1 O# w8 T. i& p
3.字符串处理方法 & [* m9 X1 C* C8 ?6 j0 L方法 描述 5 o' T v# O4 E6 [6 T. L5 es.lower() 字符串s全部转为小写 * Y5 z$ B5 l2 o" b% X- Us.upper() 字符串s全部转为大写 ; |+ K7 D6 p: B& Fs.split(sep=None) 返回一个列表,由s根据sep被分割的部分构成,省略sep默认以空格分割 6 m* P: J6 B) B1 \5 _. js.count(sub) 返回字串sub出现的次数+ l8 j% p8 {, v
s.replace(old, new) 返回字符串s的副本,所有old字串被替换为new / [2 k0 ]/ h8 j/ x* Xs.center(width, fillchar) 字符串居中函数,fillchar参数可选 3 c+ z) h7 s% V! gs.strip(chars) 从字符串s中去掉咋其左侧和右侧chars中出现的字符 0 o/ A, R0 U% s0 x7 s3 ys.join(iter) 将iter变量的每一个元素增加一个s字符串 # ?7 Y4 C- U) ^) q4.字符串的查询操作* f- g, _7 S! o4 ^3 D! R
方法名称 作用 % _7 o8 `- ~1 x R( K4 B' [index() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 6 k; U2 t5 H& ^" ^, a6 z0 Y- g/ p' ?rindex() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,抛ValueError异常 ( j8 z' E8 N9 g( I; x. V- d5 x* qfind() 查找字串substr第一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1+ O0 [. o* w4 W4 W1 {/ w1 C$ _
rfind() 查找字串substr最后一次出现的位置,如果查找的字串不存在,返回-1 0 F, Q) J+ t- M' A6 l/ }'''$ B* `- g, p/ K+ G0 X; [: t
index()查找第一次出现的位置 抛异常4 K- y0 ^3 `3 q
rindex()查找最后一次次出现的位置 抛异常 0 t: ^0 K/ D" u9 Y" \" Y7 G+ ?$ R0 D
find()查找第一次出现的位置 不抛异常,返回值为-1 1 d! f: A/ t5 v9 J/ Jrfind()查找最后一次出现的位置 抛异常2 d, v1 J$ _- w" {' _& }
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s = 'hello,hello' 4 h9 \. \5 v' @, T: D$ Bprint(s.index('o'))1 P# E9 b/ _- ?/ b; A' _. ~
print(s.rindex('o')) $ X4 o9 y) W0 Z+ I; x& s4 K% y& T, @/ gprint(s.find('lo'))& z Y5 o3 g' x/ b
print(s.find('ui')) # -1 . U# @# `' B5 q1' E) |0 o, \2 l6 F1 g: _
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10 / s: t$ h9 F4 q9 `, g11 ' C/ u9 a. `! }4 t$ _12 : b' c5 k! P, W 8 @) g5 k5 x4 p / ]- A' n5 P( D# [6 p! G" g5.字符串大小写转换操作2 ^0 S5 ]5 ^1 b6 L
方法 作用- R( n8 a8 J L) k7 ]1 h
upper() 把所有的字符串转换为大写字母! J2 a) h7 ~/ _& _. n- K
lower() 把所有的字符串转换为小写字母 5 w+ S# {) v |, b+ p: Eswapcase() 将大写字符转换为小写字符,将小写字符转换为大写字符。) t; O; k2 X# H5 u- \( l
capitalize() 使第一个字符为大写字母,其余字符为小写字母 S+ @5 z& a$ O0 z" \$ y! i
title() 返回字符串的一个版本,其中每个单词都有标题。更具体地说,单词以大写字母开头,其余都以大写字母开头区分大小写的字符小写。8 ^ P8 M. T; d
# 字符串的大小写转换 " b, G! E* B* F1 j* q" s# 1.upper()把字符串中的所有字符转为大写5 s7 s' o- ~4 {/ a' S7 z" ^
# 2.lower()把字符串中的所有字符都转换为小写 9 T& x) \5 `6 i$ M2 n# 3.swap case() 大转小,小转大' p( Z, U) P& A) H' R1 B
# 4.capitalize()把第一个字符转为大写,其余字符转为小写 6 o E8 B4 `' g/ d. c# 5.title()把字符串首字母转换为大写,把剩余的转换为小写6 q7 O9 k$ Q/ x
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s = 'hellopython' ( `/ L* K3 e9 b. Kprint(s.upper()) # 转大写/ d- k% J% i& A( f5 H& Q8 D
print(s.lower()) # 转换后id改变,会产生一个新的空间5 P3 h- P% E9 C+ c) m
print(s.swapcase()) - l0 e! r, t7 ~7 m/ d7 e) f |print(s.capitalize()) 3 I, D' A5 _3 n: p: K7 Dprint(s.title())# H @0 U2 `( r3 l7 L2 w% D, x
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