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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序
0 s; P- `7 y& c eclear N=200; w(1)=0; % m. [3 v2 j+ l1 |3 l) A; s
w=randn(1,N) 5 b$ c+ v3 X% `/ n }
x(1)=0;
( H6 o3 v" ~* L: n l- l1 K5 @a=1;
( {% A4 A) K1 L3 w4 g0 ^+ i" bfor k=2:N;
5 h1 k* n1 A' [' ax(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1); . P, t& |5 ~( ?) y$ b% }
end
- r( W/ ^- B$ W8 S7 ^V=randn(1,N);
) f8 h. ?! a* lq1=std(V); " B4 q9 b( r3 ` N W. W) L
Rvv=q1.^2; ) b9 M) q" L; c- K$ z$ R M1 K
q2=std(x);
- ~! n& P" S' ]+ D6 {1 kRxx=q2.^2; 4 m) z' H0 B9 y# F; Y# w
q3=std(w);
2 O& P4 \" I4 GRww=q3.^2; 7 S5 W3 l: r1 W$ ]# Y; G
c=0.2;
# ]! e$ G" q# l0 A0 `Y=c*x+V; + R# W+ Q" M% n& D5 t
p(1)=0;
, X8 {0 ]3 b& Y& e9 C. Es(1)=0;
, W0 V6 Q, v7 p8 Ufor t=2:N; * n( E+ p' L7 ~. l% Z
p1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww; " j4 N8 S# y' {9 \9 _; R! S) A: U3 q
b(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); 6 p/ c: C5 Y8 l
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
1 d5 i: D3 Z+ ]+ k! b+ V S1 Pp(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); ! y# B' |$ t9 {4 i8 h' Y( ?
end : n4 K0 H. ~4 b2 c' ^% g
t=1:N; $ ~; q" K n0 |
plot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
- d& K0 B& Y8 C/ Efunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
4 q4 A# ^3 G( W0 Z% Kalman filter. - I9 p% Y. L6 }- S0 e7 R5 q
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) 0 D2 ^% x# E% X" y4 t& }8 [
% 1 [" e# c4 e3 K; g* S3 [
% INPUTS: k# Y5 @$ W1 \, u
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t
+ o' \, G& e1 a# ~# V% t% A - the system matrix
6 Q1 i2 O6 k3 m& X% C - the observation matrix
, e L/ E& C; H' P0 h3 F/ r% Q - the system covariance
9 s5 [9 X- o0 y* N7 k; U I% R - the observation covariance
1 b: b: L5 n% ^. m8 a. E% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
: U; R6 O {& Y; o# [6 z8 }% init_V - the initial state covariance
( h3 z& D* D" Z( z2 d%
6 J% S8 C) D# i; w3 n l3 [% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
6 ~! o% f" v& F, R7 N% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] 9 x j7 {7 c/ F9 }
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
4 V: b% j5 n' ?% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m). * ?, h1 O: o; k- B, B) y+ p% u9 |
% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). " _4 k! @( W- i
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ] 4 A) ]$ h( D+ a* u% n1 l
% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m
) p% n4 @5 S% b0 G% c9 c7 r2 l, I( p%
! Z5 L$ Z" U: O$ X4 g& @) E; ]% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated)
2 ]8 a9 n/ b4 i" M1 q% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] + D* s D9 d8 ?3 W' w% y! [8 E
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] / X6 ^2 Z+ \4 j7 g5 ]
% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2 + Y5 P# w5 o8 S3 u+ a
% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
7 F* C8 z% m) T% 3 g, `# [6 a0 `- ]1 ~
% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it: / d& [4 t5 O6 A# d
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
9 P# U; Y; G9 D! Z N; i8 J' F% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: ( `0 G+ n: F8 j, m
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)]
2 y @ d' G$ O" w[os T] = size(y); " I+ L0 V I1 F
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space
$ S/ H9 V0 l( \$ V% set default params * T, x4 {/ [1 J
model = ones(1,T); $ i1 c: t3 i! B. `1 C: L- H% d
u = []; " F- Y2 b. p5 y1 i) v
B = []; K, C9 F( ]6 ~& u
ndx = []; . |. X' D2 U6 l5 D/ J9 D" _9 y
args = varargin; ' N2 z5 y X" ~. k, C
nargs = length(args); * t e& j, s: z: `- b
for i=1:2:nargs % V( V) S0 } t4 ]) d4 D) P
switch args
2 p3 Q8 j) B8 scase 'model', model = args{i+1}; & d/ a/ Z' _3 d- v- q8 A% I
case 'u', u = args{i+1};
2 |+ |% E8 u, l2 B2 X1 xcase 'B', B = args{i+1};
) Q5 U: C2 D5 g j3 K# h- X4 qcase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; ^( C1 F K' V" c0 O. @ k6 [6 o
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args]) + M5 p: h4 `$ x! G( F
end
! x1 \ M9 m: Y8 {( ~end 4 w* k* Z7 t9 ?$ X7 ~. v2 h
x = zeros(ss, T);
: t( J; ?" B2 W* Y0 vV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
$ |! G1 J5 w! N: h, L NVV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
2 n6 g* n8 t/ O5 I1 G( |loglik = 0; 3 N9 |0 q0 f: z! c
for t=1:T m = model(t); 8 }) E+ p! c/ R; q
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
, }; A( o- @8 j2 z+ v5 o8 n%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
) W. a( L+ S# K9 ^8 a6 C7 Xprevx = init_x;
3 ~- Q& n {8 a& y5 z( HprevV = init_V;
2 |+ ^* c) n& Rinitial = 1;
6 e6 l \' g# B# L4 b! [# qelse prevx = x(:,t-1);
9 o4 O+ B/ R# S( NprevV = V(:,:,t-1);
5 ^; B ^; r; jinitial = 0;
& ?1 y8 K* s. m# ?end
- t2 D2 @+ K2 X/ q4 Uif isempty(u)
# y4 N9 M, n6 U$ K[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... 2 f4 G8 J' s5 A. c) b7 Z
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else 1 S* m9 F0 b: e7 O( e5 f7 F. i
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... $ K% R7 k0 t6 I7 J7 i. c
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
, r7 D" c4 R t" j) nelse
9 t( x2 O+ W9 }0 L7 i. R# ki = ndx;
' X, U, r8 V* l+ S" g% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; - Z, G7 s" F+ w j- T
prevP = inv(prevV); $ h/ A* V' d! T1 D' ^5 j' S
prevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
0 k* _* X: @% v9 l( t; A/ P" hprevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
5 A1 E! b' e. j& q! O8 Q7 K$ j4 z[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); ' Z+ ^3 Q+ r& g0 |' ~
smallP = inv(smallV); ^1 W* S( l/ c
prevP(i,i) = smallP; . J# P8 s! U9 {$ J. E% u
V(:,:,t) = inv(prevP); * F2 Y% V. J; ?" U8 f
end / O' ^& x2 A: B0 Z6 @
end 3 r5 ^; n b4 B6 ?4 [" I
loglik = loglik + LL; 4 _! U& N' f8 x( ?3 D2 M' y
end |
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