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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序6 C4 ~) N/ Q; T( u& j/ i% V
clear N=200; w(1)=0; " m w" _" p8 u* B( h* Z8 h
w=randn(1,N)
5 a+ h5 P! N* E) Hx(1)=0; ) L2 c& G( e: \- x8 v0 P6 B+ [
a=1; ( c- {9 J1 O" l0 [- }9 g
for k=2:N; : q4 g' }* ]. F% v1 c: I
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1); 3 g% Q8 \- S. [( |
end
3 p/ O! W2 t# H% v9 Z8 NV=randn(1,N); 6 l5 S% X9 g$ K/ k* G
q1=std(V); 6 p) L* B; q) O" w# ~
Rvv=q1.^2;
0 |) _" o! a, i% N1 K; w2 Aq2=std(x);
; A+ a! R+ i1 {6 B m. F& sRxx=q2.^2;
& ^# k$ q* T1 B$ h$ uq3=std(w); * A% p% y; v+ D9 [
Rww=q3.^2; $ u) @9 |: N* l/ Y6 N x
c=0.2;
% Q* n0 a/ N R; A8 A5 jY=c*x+V; 5 J1 A' c/ s& H% U7 K5 D
p(1)=0; ) g2 g& A0 M, B" V$ J9 K
s(1)=0;
6 a/ [7 B/ D+ _) c. O9 ufor t=2:N;
. ~; W. `3 R! lp1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
) L, X' B$ D; ~b(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv);
6 X3 \+ |: t( t3 C& m: _s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1)); 7 G `( T: W5 r# x1 H8 c( ^
p(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t);
" `3 d S# s0 r, N- W4 V# }) vend
5 O6 _! W Z" jt=1:N; # X- c+ e" V8 X4 r. H( c; M
plot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
: T/ l' B; Q+ q# @" w/ Y; Sfunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
0 A8 {. m" x0 B( D% Kalman filter.
; X! i& t/ }: ~% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) " D8 i4 n! U$ X, _. z8 y7 W
% ) f' Q8 w% p- z+ |2 G0 E
% INPUTS:
, A& R1 w' c9 w5 c6 Y% y(:,t) - the observation at time t 7 H0 Y8 a) G$ s
% A - the system matrix
+ }$ D, o# t6 L% L% C - the observation matrix 8 [; `! F' r& p6 I
% Q - the system covariance + J1 ]# n! x2 F9 O9 C5 B4 {+ G. P
% R - the observation covariance
: J; i& F6 O1 d# T, d5 A9 |5 G% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
, x4 ]) ?9 j# i' g% init_V - the initial state covariance ' Q$ E* @& c8 R1 \. U% E6 c; q
%
; d% M& d+ ^5 r6 s0 Z* d% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
1 F+ G* e L$ N' M$ v" e% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ]
4 L5 u! q: D) l& r8 v% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension, : y$ Z3 Q* k4 o- | f; L- {
% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
9 x* E" h% q* ]) e [7 A: o% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). m: W3 i5 a( h1 Q" F; o: i
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ] 5 T( g1 L% ?# `, [
% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m
4 `$ t6 C+ @# }5 t! B- V3 H0 x%
4 @& a( s3 m Z& `5 p: ?0 e% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated)
9 l9 B0 I$ r1 A" F- M" W& c% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
% R7 Q2 i6 J8 q" N+ \4 j: X% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
8 c$ V7 i- K1 M6 D% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2 3 ?- m9 v0 X) V
% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
! K% H* P N! u4 _+ ]7 o4 D2 f% . P( L0 a2 _, y- y6 H! }
% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it:
) N) N4 G3 O* ~- ^2 t- r Y ?/ x% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
' v! T0 }+ ?. q3 B% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: ( R4 C# A+ |- N* f! L# z
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)]
8 X1 e9 d) W8 e[os T] = size(y);
8 |- t# M' E$ ?- v" c. Lss = size(A,1); % size of state space
2 Q2 [9 [, A ]% set default params
1 G; o: p" t! l- P- nmodel = ones(1,T); 7 F7 A, P; ^, ?6 F' U
u = []; : a6 u3 n( G' `3 ]- \ J. Z; S
B = [];
! B) P' `: V8 F" ~6 Sndx = [];
. _% ] v$ g' n0 a' w* |# Oargs = varargin;
+ G- a8 Y7 R& Z0 u) |6 dnargs = length(args); 0 J% q9 h4 f8 ]0 y$ _2 t
for i=1:2:nargs / t+ c' C8 B# Y$ z6 j9 V/ Z6 R2 W
switch args 5 ?+ V0 u- ^, O3 s
case 'model', model = args{i+1}; 9 i6 z& R) ^: B
case 'u', u = args{i+1}; 8 E3 S2 o- f9 a/ w& K# n: F+ f1 \
case 'B', B = args{i+1}; # _4 u- v2 M3 _
case 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; * y- s; H+ j* e* S. U
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args]) a4 t" H( N1 P; ^
end 2 c6 X/ p3 f1 M% m# T
end ! z6 R6 Y! }" W8 ^- D
x = zeros(ss, T);
: L8 A4 k j/ S5 kV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
. r: C6 w" V' I, _7 z* C2 VVV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
3 d% d* j5 @* @loglik = 0; $ o8 I+ `5 J+ k& ]/ ~
for t=1:T m = model(t);
`4 a ~" G* y" x# O9 V7 tif t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m); 3 k8 b n. L- |0 r; J2 V
%prevV = init_V(:,:,m); 1 I6 a7 S) I% b" _$ k. f2 O
prevx = init_x; C# P! }4 q( h; c
prevV = init_V;
# _( v( q6 j$ d, Zinitial = 1;
) Q" q/ B% W" P6 Ielse prevx = x(:,t-1); 8 c7 f( s# b( B8 O
prevV = V(:,:,t-1);
) L+ I$ x( V8 e7 K$ Pinitial = 0;
0 ^: G. |8 b6 [9 [& O- q# e0 x, Jend
5 b2 M% m. t# R1 {, `* K# ^if isempty(u) ) M) P& ]; Q8 |! i5 S( [0 D' c
[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... : \& {) C2 v0 N5 E! U- W9 j( k9 w
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else 6 B3 R6 j2 j( @% m; G$ d
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... 8 M) U4 M: Q2 C
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
* e$ C* F) i" F0 {else
. z: M$ Q/ T2 A1 G' d2 c9 `% Ni = ndx;
; H' h2 k( \$ E! `/ B/ a% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; 4 n8 z! {1 O% [# C+ ^
prevP = inv(prevV);
9 z) Q2 T6 I5 P% M: l7 m$ xprevPsmall = prevP(i,i); , V6 S. G+ N: V+ j
prevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
# a, m8 T, u: y4 d! C. q, w[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); ) k: D `4 W' P. K: r$ v
smallP = inv(smallV);
9 L# ?8 y: n3 r1 N5 f2 o& NprevP(i,i) = smallP;
/ v2 g8 V1 N% yV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP); 8 D+ W% h8 e8 b, E+ p q/ g
end $ X9 j4 L) L4 F" I [% }' t
end
8 k9 W( ~7 l' Q: Hloglik = loglik + LL; 1 ]' o+ [! N% I6 S/ ]6 K
end |
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