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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序3 d9 |# {; A, U1 i! a( e% W
clear N=200; w(1)=0; ' f" ]) @" u& Q! S
w=randn(1,N) ) A$ \$ b1 N% |9 q" j* s
x(1)=0;
+ F; E. v' I7 M" {1 a7 A% _- fa=1; % C9 Q* s/ g- \$ I1 S& @- u
for k=2:N;
7 L/ S' Y7 |) Zx(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1);
. E) i# O# o+ u/ _# l$ Xend
! B# s |/ D) ~) |" a8 tV=randn(1,N); : i( }3 \8 w: `1 o
q1=std(V); , \# p7 c) c( G$ W
Rvv=q1.^2; 7 d1 m! C3 W5 f2 }' U
q2=std(x);
" E# v7 T/ j% L# rRxx=q2.^2;
5 f" B4 n: e! ]" Z: ^2 Xq3=std(w);
- ]4 a+ m1 x4 G5 xRww=q3.^2; / k8 ]5 |6 I: r* `5 w
c=0.2;
! |5 @' i; U! o; yY=c*x+V; 3 d. X, a! Y* _- I
p(1)=0; / W8 K* R8 g0 d" o7 o: h
s(1)=0; W2 ]$ P; l' L: V
for t=2:N;
; \% Y4 U" _; @: E; k' F/ i) ]0 |p1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww; ! U# {) | T9 g2 ]# z
b(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); ) W5 o% W9 b+ |7 W0 y# _1 I
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
% [9 `8 `: c) z B( }- Cp(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t);
, s/ e7 |' K% d/ ^end
" A$ k; P. `4 {( a0 @; x6 Ct=1:N; . P3 e8 D. N$ m; r K( Q& j
plot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
4 `/ T/ {7 }' A* s7 n, w- g* kfunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin) * A$ D8 f, F' P0 ~& O/ w
% Kalman filter. 9 T; s3 F& m8 N$ c1 O
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) 6 ^ a% L8 @5 Z {) E. ^- }
%
7 g5 b: s0 y- E) P& z% INPUTS:
" I+ |4 r/ a' y+ T7 a$ {' J% y(:,t) - the observation at time t ; H) i9 h0 ~, J1 A* T: E: q: r
% A - the system matrix
% _, N5 d: u3 s& y$ o0 P' ]( w" _0 W3 Z% C - the observation matrix
" X0 \' F1 [, N' S3 e% Q - the system covariance
. m: f* m- p( j T7 N* |% R - the observation covariance
3 s; w1 N9 x+ S% init_x - the initial state (column) vector ; j% k, L/ ^% r5 l; S
% init_V - the initial state covariance
9 H8 \6 C$ K a4 I% ) {, Y, G% e( t/ M) }
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
1 J5 {1 N$ q5 m% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ]
9 S, Z4 Y4 x9 R6 t1 c3 G% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
; H5 _" Z+ H) l+ e- _. S% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m). # c% Q3 k3 m# d: s
% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). 3 ^% p0 G: k$ ~! @: s7 `8 l( l
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ] / D5 e' S& ]' H+ Z" b" q3 K, y
% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m
A5 h/ X" E ^* O9 n* y/ Y7 X%
2 L& {! |0 ~' t/ a* ~8 k( Q2 b% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated)
' d/ z0 w7 ~+ f% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] 4 H2 q+ W% h6 q! Y
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
! p2 V/ r/ ?) n0 C- x8 I" D# [2 u% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2
* Y. D v8 W6 ~: Q0 W% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t)) 3 d- m/ p+ b+ }+ k) l% P
%
0 ^1 D/ u3 p9 a8 R5 `4 u6 l. h5 P% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it: 8 p, b! |+ [; G$ ~3 k" {
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
0 J; r6 S+ }1 U5 C# b1 t# f. F% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: # v- ^5 ]: l+ \* K+ Y
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)]
* K+ h) j6 O3 H[os T] = size(y);
" ^4 A" ^! V" ^. ^ss = size(A,1); % size of state space , F- s1 j0 [1 ?6 I, H
% set default params
& Y3 I; y4 d& f2 C( F% g- Lmodel = ones(1,T); 2 m9 c. O8 C, u( Y; L8 A" |# c- R
u = []; 5 k4 e8 r9 j N3 {- }
B = [];
5 x1 k) Z: F0 Z3 d& }7 t5 hndx = []; 8 n5 D$ |" r* T8 V% y3 ^
args = varargin; : F3 d6 [5 u7 D& K7 e# z9 u
nargs = length(args); 8 U" e+ `0 t6 a
for i=1:2:nargs - D1 q' V$ I8 y# E7 ^3 M; F
switch args 1 M" F" h# c$ p/ ?
case 'model', model = args{i+1};
$ O. L( D" N# v+ R3 [; Acase 'u', u = args{i+1};
3 G. x2 V6 }: Y* E$ O. acase 'B', B = args{i+1};
' D1 z0 ]: l2 ] B! zcase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; P" g E9 W1 e; I& m U% y( C6 |& `
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args])
3 C7 X5 W- S6 `8 \) S$ Tend $ _1 }$ B( |/ e/ l
end 8 P ~% S) z7 z9 c0 y' g2 y% `4 l
x = zeros(ss, T); 6 n3 y, S; S% ]/ {5 e+ W3 X
V = zeros(ss, ss, T);
" Q' n' \4 r. s! C ]VV = zeros(ss, ss, T); 3 Y: }3 K) T) J1 i: {* E) |
loglik = 0;
9 S& e8 d( G k0 A: f, T7 j: {for t=1:T m = model(t); U s6 g4 {) ^' B' t D0 ?) r
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
! p7 u/ u% A" D& i& `( c) o: h. Y%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
$ N( e+ K- @/ o# ~8 m9 n. W7 [4 G4 jprevx = init_x;
! M9 F& i9 y; K% r' G6 sprevV = init_V; & x3 t2 ?5 R) l0 D5 G# a' Y) c& Q
initial = 1; 1 C4 L, k `% a: v
else prevx = x(:,t-1);
e% r+ b6 {' Q, z+ A; R$ }prevV = V(:,:,t-1);
& z. s6 o* M" E1 ~- Y- F% M% dinitial = 0;
6 A( ~, m3 e) g0 bend
" i4 X q. t/ _/ k- Hif isempty(u)
5 j! S# n; n" p' Q[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
: n3 R) g7 G) E( o) lkalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else
2 p" T% A- G2 Y if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
# o. k+ _) M6 n3 T. r' G kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m)); + Y$ A# n, X$ u0 f& }( ?( [' e
else
+ X* V* L3 ?8 v0 g- m& t; {i = ndx; " q) `" j7 A& j: K/ n4 R
% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx;
/ ?4 q6 s/ D1 B8 n0 F; LprevP = inv(prevV);
- X, ~, ~' @5 K1 T5 y- aprevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
+ `' [$ I0 h( r% i) [! x( SprevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall); 2 ?6 Z# g- [5 a
[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); ( r8 f) a% e0 c4 \( c% t+ f- }; f
smallP = inv(smallV);
1 I, A% a5 H* `% H/ n0 D+ [prevP(i,i) = smallP;
1 U+ S4 @( f/ S( wV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
) t4 u) q, n: o d0 j( Q R \end
& [; @* @. Z" F7 F& Gend ) B4 Z8 Z- g! K. m6 v) j
loglik = loglik + LL;
9 _/ n; j$ H& ^7 z( @/ ?4 Uend |
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