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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序
" l# A* s3 {6 A8 }2 oclear N=200; w(1)=0; : n& |9 r0 H0 J; _; G# h+ Y, @
w=randn(1,N) - X, O5 D5 B$ S2 d. T2 w
x(1)=0; 9 K/ B( \6 S6 w$ M) t5 t
a=1;
) K" {7 T% T$ m# t# y& a/ F; xfor k=2:N; 0 e8 M0 q/ {8 w, v6 y
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1);
7 p7 ]) a" L% kend
" z7 Q" ?. i$ l- w4 aV=randn(1,N);
2 L2 ?) ?5 M+ H& lq1=std(V); 3 c1 t8 ]* U+ Y4 `1 Z7 V. P
Rvv=q1.^2;
6 H0 H+ e9 F; Q/ {: p6 D! O, @q2=std(x); . S% ~6 O! Z% D- b& W4 f' v
Rxx=q2.^2; $ O+ z9 x& i. {4 c$ y7 S6 F6 P
q3=std(w); ' Z- v' a5 a7 ?" T0 n
Rww=q3.^2;
7 g3 V5 ^+ S2 i* [& Y tc=0.2; 7 R. q; Y3 F- t; ^3 r! F3 C
Y=c*x+V;
9 Y1 H# d; x1 j; s# ip(1)=0; 0 m8 S! O! ?4 H1 M
s(1)=0;
+ S2 ]. N8 D$ J' h' n, {% @for t=2:N;
% [# q( r$ B7 s0 ~3 Ap1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
. Y5 g( v' p" K8 M* bb(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv);
% A- z8 K; L' }2 s. ds(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
E5 s/ }9 U) P; o% {" F3 Sp(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); # L, j% ~3 A1 k% G3 Y: M7 N
end
, B. r" z0 k. x2 q8 d# Zt=1:N;
* Q7 Q# P) z: B0 k `plot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
: b J6 z8 \2 m7 B+ D- ~6 wfunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
3 \( u) V2 }, C; d% Kalman filter. , t1 P3 |! _7 r' b& h
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) 4 p1 o! |. T" R6 A" `* Q
%
* F3 Z6 y( _. m0 a% INPUTS:
4 x! |0 ]! S8 y6 Z- W% \% y(:,t) - the observation at time t
' g R8 U! @ B" K8 c% A - the system matrix " b/ r# R0 K! L+ {
% C - the observation matrix
4 y4 S0 [9 z2 c: E& Q% Q - the system covariance 1 s W- p3 ~, c
% R - the observation covariance
8 q, b% U0 o: x; Y! o' r) I' R% init_x - the initial state (column) vector 2 a0 `- S* f3 {, V
% init_V - the initial state covariance 0 |; z9 D, K" a
% * c4 q4 o" W- L l8 [4 x: j
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets]) ( s S& V7 ^' A. \( c
% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ]
8 u. P; m) g/ t- j% H% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
9 q$ U( w0 E6 X( h. [2 z9 S; W0 C% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
, a) o# p# ~! v- v+ Z% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). 3 U# E& d$ r. c5 @9 ]
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ]
$ w! _- N6 e7 I5 o# [! ~* {% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m ; h A3 s. e, ]! f Q, c, ]" N' g, X
%
# }/ c4 D7 u- V0 S8 ~0 M% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated) 4 G# h1 {/ |7 q2 a) Y4 W. S* v
% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
* ~) |6 d4 |2 ~. U% s% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
, A- V, [) g# t/ x; Q) I' K- ^% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2
! G; G* x, }0 |8 T8 ]3 [3 l% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
+ c S, g4 w% q) q2 D7 l%
. x$ _- H1 B7 a% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it:
# o! ^. f, H2 Z: u6 [6 U3 ^! u; z% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
0 o/ c; {) A, d( M' z% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: ) H: x3 Z) e" G' Q. t4 ~
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] + s+ F. `2 p! `8 Q* X% H9 U' A7 u
[os T] = size(y); 2 e- c# c' Y& f Z/ @* q v
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space
9 {& X& d: G7 l8 O# Y! g1 S% set default params
! ?8 p3 @. j; r+ omodel = ones(1,T);
& R9 S0 m: o* s" h5 J Mu = [];
) L% h+ u+ v% G5 S3 AB = []; w8 ~( O) n$ ~2 t/ ?
ndx = [];
8 A3 g6 ^2 b x1 i* s7 }2 V: uargs = varargin;
5 o' {2 ]9 T% |, a* Xnargs = length(args); 2 R6 ~2 s, k2 b7 V/ I# [9 W. g0 M
for i=1:2:nargs
+ B& P- D, `5 _, Y0 H0 qswitch args + {& a2 S( ^7 L: q
case 'model', model = args{i+1}; 1 M6 ?) {* x: x% S3 }
case 'u', u = args{i+1}; 7 l( `: X8 v1 c9 O W6 A, A M% {
case 'B', B = args{i+1}; - d f/ N% n; |, M. d
case 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; * s9 D- y/ }* c: G# _& Q" c
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args])
. \+ o, h% w2 Zend
. O; M$ ]/ h+ _: ?: {end . ~1 B e+ B9 l% `/ I$ H6 r# Q
x = zeros(ss, T); + M+ e: {$ [, }1 b1 K
V = zeros(ss, ss, T);
1 S0 W/ k& e* B3 s* g/ XVV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
& k6 @! l2 [) \6 E# i1 Y1 Uloglik = 0;
6 @- j* G- A- q5 v4 k! W% mfor t=1:T m = model(t); 3 Z- Y+ \2 ~/ Q+ I4 c) C2 i8 N
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
3 {9 n0 s; V; v' U( k7 K( [; U& @2 x0 Y%prevV = init_V(:,:,m); 0 E1 ~' @: f& P @
prevx = init_x; 1 F6 Z# i& i8 P4 Q, B" s9 g( [
prevV = init_V; ( m- f6 f; @) S0 i
initial = 1;
2 q( L( Z8 _+ K& _ Lelse prevx = x(:,t-1); 5 H: N3 @- G8 H, k* G8 @% f+ t
prevV = V(:,:,t-1); % w4 U' t& d/ G/ L
initial = 0; `1 y+ X. G2 l- `
end
9 l0 o$ Y3 j/ a9 Y) T5 }! Lif isempty(u) 8 d; V" \9 j6 K9 O" e) m. k4 n
[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... # p' [8 Z! {( J0 d; s
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else $ p) E% T( d4 L2 l' v
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... + `( X6 M+ M6 f) v4 K
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
, F1 _( ?0 r) J2 Aelse
3 Q- o% c, D$ w/ ci = ndx; % C9 [ \( ?* A* ?4 [8 h
% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx;
% h' q" v+ D% H, B8 `+ \prevP = inv(prevV);
4 M/ l6 @- k3 aprevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
5 {& l+ G0 l0 `4 cprevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall); * T5 e3 z) W' `" p" m
[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); 0 ]# R8 K. n5 c/ w$ I6 `. {. i
smallP = inv(smallV);
5 y$ Q+ r4 A' M- ^) ~prevP(i,i) = smallP;
{. o+ n7 H) x, rV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
* @/ K; c, j# I Dend 3 C, G+ H+ j5 M& P2 o
end 6 g+ m% f: n- Q! f0 d& I* l$ |
loglik = loglik + LL;
& R- L" k6 P0 cend |
|