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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序5 u/ E9 }! B( @ A, b4 m$ D- o7 W& R
clear N=200; w(1)=0; " ~( Y% s7 \" n1 C7 }
w=randn(1,N)
) K. K4 x" ]5 k" k! r4 G6 Ox(1)=0; $ [6 Y2 D# |0 w% A& h( w/ e8 p, v/ C
a=1;
7 c9 L/ U% `3 f- L; u5 Tfor k=2:N; 4 f* V6 a9 ?3 C/ f4 l
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1); : h. ^& W4 @! K( }% `4 `/ h
end " W; Q+ L3 O6 e1 ^
V=randn(1,N); 8 }8 d) R3 s% c% I$ P! s
q1=std(V);
2 {+ H, o; s1 R7 }0 b8 mRvv=q1.^2; 1 u1 R1 P% h. H @
q2=std(x); & p3 w" w0 g( q! u- @/ m8 ^
Rxx=q2.^2;
( x n2 P; d! K* |! }% dq3=std(w); - p- z; J$ C+ n1 x" \! E% l
Rww=q3.^2; 9 }! q# P- [* W0 B4 i) W0 P1 e
c=0.2;
1 c4 k. f3 p7 v. ~( U5 V+ CY=c*x+V; / T/ P0 g( @' S9 F. V4 z
p(1)=0; # [% d. R9 j# h2 P* k* M) j
s(1)=0;
: N+ @$ a3 I# o9 r7 z6 r1 \for t=2:N;
8 C+ [% ~+ a3 q* [, kp1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
- P; B" w# E9 ^4 M. }b(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); : e+ X3 h% R9 D" r* _. u, S
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
3 j+ ?; o0 b: T* h# A* ?p(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); ' |; u; X- V/ J- h; W; H
end
4 ~) b. u2 S; |! U% e8 q) L# c' St=1:N;
6 ^/ k: m1 `. S3 l3 J, pplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
' N3 D$ d. G$ }- \5 u0 ufunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
% V0 I/ o( N9 p/ o7 R" V7 U" T% Kalman filter. . J$ c- E O; b3 |: j
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...)
9 f% {' R7 O, j' w' Q% 2 ?0 z1 S# v2 G1 W' D
% INPUTS: 4 o2 T5 p+ a6 N+ E+ }. p
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t 5 i' l, j& R/ P) l; P
% A - the system matrix
3 C6 Q8 N4 I2 d& q. u% C - the observation matrix
3 a, g/ i& I, B' x4 B- s+ n5 `% Q - the system covariance
( J+ x/ O# }4 }7 d0 @1 B% R - the observation covariance 4 v O3 ?: \- X, b
% init_x - the initial state (column) vector 6 e) ?( A4 H! @7 W4 t- u) a; h W
% init_V - the initial state covariance , i! H2 X$ \! o
%
$ \4 t0 J6 f9 D% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
0 _+ `/ f3 E1 B! h2 j% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] 2 e1 m" J# h' \' d
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
: _% Z& }9 i4 `+ c. Z% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
- S. J) M, a: h# S% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). 5 i3 N3 @5 E5 J' F
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ]
6 H. \- t$ _4 {1 u6 {! Q% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m
, l; T: Z" q0 _: m2 M/ J7 G2 H V% T: e! ~0 R+ _5 J
% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated) . O3 W9 _2 P! d( p" C, r
% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
' G, }2 n; c' F+ {8 K" s) g% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] 1 s0 k- x2 O: [: x, F6 Y+ ^6 T
% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2
# G0 c7 B& O& D4 ]2 G- Q7 }% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
8 q: x; r8 Z; K2 g. J; C%
/ j. k/ g# q' r b% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it: 6 B7 L5 B% r! Y; u7 U& e
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
/ ^7 U$ R$ b D% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it:
3 R5 O5 E- ?6 g) u6 ^% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] " o9 o4 I$ x) {/ W) i
[os T] = size(y); ( a: ?, I! v3 S+ _. ~
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space 5 D0 @5 y. |. x8 w5 c
% set default params
2 i0 z( R4 P- i& H: {4 E/ \model = ones(1,T);
/ C7 U/ V* a: C& `& iu = [];
; l0 W( K* M" L& V$ q- h" cB = [];
v* i" k" {) l: Wndx = []; 4 O3 M; w+ j! l0 u( Y
args = varargin;
7 |, c% J# d4 f7 Y& }nargs = length(args);
- [% a; E2 W# V# c r9 q- Yfor i=1:2:nargs
5 ^3 B0 F' S/ O1 l$ pswitch args
7 w0 {) y+ v" b, a% ^. E8 hcase 'model', model = args{i+1}; 5 u& l. J5 c9 k6 F. f1 V3 H J- p
case 'u', u = args{i+1}; ( K; c6 u' S( y7 N9 [" X
case 'B', B = args{i+1};
$ R V' t& z S# K% Xcase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1};
0 {. ?# M* k& A. ^5 j' \otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args]) ( F6 j! h- ]+ N; r2 D* T. v) }5 G' A
end
" ^/ A# ?* G7 h4 ]# @" Tend
: p# G' b& c7 Y9 ax = zeros(ss, T); # [. N5 I: {$ M0 ]% F
V = zeros(ss, ss, T); $ A3 a* [1 i: {% {1 J
VV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
6 _8 B+ r, P9 E2 s8 Gloglik = 0; 2 r M! q: z6 {! O5 U t
for t=1:T m = model(t); ) B C& Z+ a$ B) [: M! c: U# n
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
$ M. z/ {3 ^3 [6 S" ~, x3 u%prevV = init_V(:,:,m); 9 _9 h, c) b4 W4 c) M( M) C
prevx = init_x; . o' \: l2 R0 P+ { K
prevV = init_V; 9 `! p& ]5 t5 A
initial = 1; 8 ~" W) Q" |7 i+ S& O5 ?" I% N
else prevx = x(:,t-1);
% S) p( A, \! m! P6 P- k% w rprevV = V(:,:,t-1);
- w4 s5 ]' \4 Minitial = 0;
' A" q6 |+ p: [6 M9 n1 q9 s9 Kend
2 L+ \' s" j& K- kif isempty(u) * w3 [; s. \9 x" U# m
[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
! u1 K1 h8 R7 q4 S: a1 skalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else
4 R* I5 }+ ?5 {5 o$ P if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
0 R% c* \' |5 ?0 F kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m)); . ^6 M. e% w6 y% S% P9 B7 `
else / \2 W2 [2 ~! x* O2 c- |4 `6 j
i = ndx; + S* ^! m) D/ z# P' q( j$ g6 v% ^& o
% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx;
! Y! m! ?' l+ u5 f2 n* [5 MprevP = inv(prevV); , k' q" p, R( r4 p" n
prevPsmall = prevP(i,i); / v% b. o. z5 R+ P7 l& n
prevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall); 7 j/ u9 |% Z* s7 o, _0 Z
[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); ( u4 Y$ M/ k" v8 Q
smallP = inv(smallV);
7 s% v( ~, n2 I5 a: o: WprevP(i,i) = smallP; : }9 e: B0 Z% S0 W
V(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
0 x: M: B+ A5 B$ e; C; b' Y9 B- ?end
: B* |3 [. Z5 lend ) F% R& d; t, l' Q7 u. r$ \3 s
loglik = loglik + LL;
, I% L1 K( @/ y8 send |
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