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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序
* \+ h) E l: iclear N=200; w(1)=0; ; c8 _. A) v4 E# N
w=randn(1,N) 9 Q& b; P; J; z
x(1)=0; % n: w5 ]# y, ]1 ~' z, h
a=1;
s# C" V( S @7 P$ y; u' u0 U1 ufor k=2:N; " O+ S% e. j6 y l! L8 p& t
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1); : s. A3 ^6 ~; g! u* I' ?
end
$ e2 Q8 W' O/ u1 z# [+ [ GV=randn(1,N);
4 P9 K5 r* A5 h1 ?: uq1=std(V); # V) g# E* f/ A8 x1 i8 |6 q* ~
Rvv=q1.^2; & q) Y) s8 B, H0 U
q2=std(x); ) e% _. u9 I. ]
Rxx=q2.^2;
6 X( L* \9 R% t4 R( X7 gq3=std(w);
( y5 \5 _/ | GRww=q3.^2;
- q' b' w' d& G) V" U* k) Bc=0.2; / t' d, d. C. X
Y=c*x+V;
" R0 N, _' E' E4 N3 ap(1)=0;
( p+ P I# _% |2 J; ~3 V: ^4 Ys(1)=0;
* r# {3 N4 ^$ j7 A/ e$ Afor t=2:N; ( [3 L" b' G2 P7 l4 U4 L7 a
p1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
5 {% `2 [0 T* d2 t( J/ Kb(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); & @3 C( `3 I2 j
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
L0 d# N/ q: n6 a: `- f7 |/ W0 S) B5 Ap(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); ; x& A! e9 |0 N$ ~
end 5 I% u+ ~! D! E6 d0 ]
t=1:N;
2 {5 a0 K6 B# E& uplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b');
) ?; b& K+ M- n* I. ~) F" pfunction [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin) / \1 R) j! T* D8 i
% Kalman filter. . W/ P# d7 I4 X5 o
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...)
4 v7 G- s, s3 L2 X3 ]$ W% # M- p! m% b6 {% p
% INPUTS: : m/ w6 `5 |( D# B) u: e( `* O
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t 1 W- {( t3 r6 ^8 j5 R3 i2 J6 I/ W; M/ G2 Y
% A - the system matrix D+ \$ y3 Q1 Z" m9 f
% C - the observation matrix
5 h! ^2 `0 H+ d0 Z7 \, R/ R b1 T% Q - the system covariance - ~% n+ [+ G ^& p0 E
% R - the observation covariance
p* V1 u. \- H$ y. v; p% init_x - the initial state (column) vector ) c$ b! w. S. ?5 ~( e1 w
% init_V - the initial state covariance
0 i u. }4 r0 S' d6 m, r% & N; l- F3 f6 T& o+ Y) B4 `- v
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets])
3 |7 t% o. |6 T8 B1 W$ n% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] 1 U0 z6 i9 @. t. H0 s7 P1 @
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension, ; I! S1 h+ D3 x6 w8 W
% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m). ! X% p0 h8 y, L2 m; f3 B
% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1).
8 @3 q5 j: H7 }4 A% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ]
5 l- f9 o* J g" ~8 C( e1 T3 X% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m ) g8 g. T, Z9 l8 x* C" C( T1 H
% ' B( e& O& W: E I+ c# @
% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated)
$ g( U6 U6 [6 H( N" S# G% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] * y; N0 S, }3 W) F
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] ; y5 ]( t4 Z( o! O+ \3 s# P" E
% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2 ( X& \ ]: Y/ Y0 k& {! @
% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
7 J6 o1 p- X- y- B2 m9 a) H& V5 ]%
' U2 P0 j6 h) a" [4 U4 M, Z5 t9 d% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it:
! e/ O3 Y4 o* _4 o% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
( @- e; J1 J" e( U' X) ? E% ^% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: * I" C* Q9 R6 c0 A0 `: X
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)] 8 y' h" K( ^$ }. o( H
[os T] = size(y); B" M# s# x% e! X0 \# s
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space
+ b' W3 n2 [3 F; Z! H$ H# ]% set default params
3 p- g' \( \: W% `5 Wmodel = ones(1,T);
/ e/ b% x! @5 u0 g# ?u = []; 3 I0 {( I, y: h, L) P
B = []; : d& \8 ~& a# n) \, E
ndx = []; ! A$ Q2 s @6 c, P% x' I
args = varargin;
/ }3 [! H( N' wnargs = length(args); 9 ]0 Z2 R, M, \! X; w7 N \. k
for i=1:2:nargs
/ `" L# Y! k6 |- Yswitch args
5 s# K7 y, i* h. _9 T2 m, tcase 'model', model = args{i+1};
$ I; ?' g+ l8 H) m" V+ ~1 xcase 'u', u = args{i+1};
) m. p% N0 s! s' m* @8 gcase 'B', B = args{i+1}; " v( X! G8 x& F( D2 t
case 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; 8 O9 o1 U. h8 y2 }4 d) ~
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args])
! R& q- {$ R( \end
% h& G. A# i8 Z! eend
% n# l" F [# `0 V; b: A1 Jx = zeros(ss, T);
* U) q0 m6 B1 p4 JV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
+ g' e! i: S$ a; R! uVV = zeros(ss, ss, T); : y* {: K- B3 o" i
loglik = 0; ( w7 \/ o4 U4 u- V6 b
for t=1:T m = model(t); & n3 M$ b, x5 P: j
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
5 s$ m# |# X B, A' M%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
3 s# t# m. x0 v7 \- r1 ^/ Qprevx = init_x;
; f! Z+ ^6 _- }( k5 P- S4 \prevV = init_V;
' Y& u, d v4 oinitial = 1;
/ R4 j7 O4 r g) q0 delse prevx = x(:,t-1);
: n- P/ l6 v! AprevV = V(:,:,t-1); 7 E- m h$ K& z5 Q* p) ^! `9 V
initial = 0; $ J4 ^2 f- M! B T. f4 ~" D
end ! ?" |" X4 j$ B! ~% W
if isempty(u) 0 f# \; A( d8 ^% R& A
[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... 7 W" n% K! T* J' r6 X
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else
# ?) P/ F) S9 D9 H$ m' x3 C& \: W if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
. V$ u' s7 ]" ~: Y. G kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
& O! s2 [3 j7 S* e2 C8 R1 i/ Helse
; H( b' a6 b+ hi = ndx;
/ T% p1 q% S: R% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; , z- I" Y$ h% k9 ?" m; H- J
prevP = inv(prevV); 5 y7 ~. x9 @8 U g! o( |" `
prevPsmall = prevP(i,i); ) ]& v9 k% s/ R. | _' x) A M
prevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall); + ~1 L6 f2 n9 N2 j
[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); , X0 z" D$ F5 t
smallP = inv(smallV); , v+ I/ H. _+ j" h
prevP(i,i) = smallP; 5 E, O8 D1 ]9 [- I' j& n2 N
V(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
- C/ U$ I6 w/ dend
, R! V; q( ]9 y( i# ^# v# Send
/ C, ?7 I& R9 j& d9 _+ G- |8 V& v- xloglik = loglik + LL; y* f$ c+ h: g& n: W$ a' `2 Q' |
end |
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