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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序! X4 [% {7 P) Z. q
clear N=200; w(1)=0;
: u% L( C9 @& w5 r& tw=randn(1,N)
+ H8 P$ V: m0 a7 _x(1)=0; ) A8 l0 p6 [* F4 i! f" o. }
a=1; 6 K1 K- U% f2 {, W' k8 U
for k=2:N; + C* t H$ O3 a0 S z+ p5 u
x(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1);
' q: K' b& m E8 f8 a! C: Hend - j# \" c: ~! q# ]( _
V=randn(1,N);
# Q2 p$ B3 w1 L1 n F" R( Uq1=std(V);
0 s$ x u4 W% ]0 F+ FRvv=q1.^2; ) P, y6 Y+ Z. U0 e0 b$ a8 r
q2=std(x);
" N7 _5 K* a8 b C& I+ u: D- uRxx=q2.^2; # H# H& A+ M! d! W# K2 D
q3=std(w); g. i" V% G! i8 e8 v9 U
Rww=q3.^2;
8 |* I8 O- Y9 n9 b6 V6 Sc=0.2;
& }3 v1 C3 o" U' x. ]0 u1 gY=c*x+V; ' w; z7 c+ [; x) v. ^# {; X$ K
p(1)=0; 5 n3 b0 G6 v. p$ a& }: u/ ?
s(1)=0;9 w/ b4 I6 V/ J, {- h r
for t=2:N;
0 |- K( V% }$ |& O8 tp1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww; 6 j& X5 z% V! Z; i$ t
b(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv); 9 h. u' I* N" ~: c m" Q6 Z; ?$ |
s(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
+ X: W# [ L" n+ D& M6 O" gp(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); 0 x) t' L1 j* W' k C4 s5 @, [
end : y7 H! P V: s4 G7 s* ]
t=1:N;
6 j3 Z* `5 h/ N' [* gplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b'); , |/ l9 D8 a U5 c8 N4 i! O
function [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
$ h* [* C- q$ t% _3 c8 z% Kalman filter.
# J3 v+ r+ o4 F3 Z- k" A/ \/ o% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...) 7 B: S. y# S- k# j3 ~
%
6 t* `0 v3 J. Z% INPUTS: 5 k% U/ P- S# g8 G
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t
3 \ @( O' o. N4 i. ?$ r% A - the system matrix
6 q$ K& _0 N0 t: @% T/ C1 M/ G% |6 i% C - the observation matrix % m$ `$ a. \, p
% Q - the system covariance 9 J, n0 f9 C t7 Y2 s
% R - the observation covariance
. r& a6 N. q3 H% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
. H) ~2 X0 j+ t% h3 U7 @2 T% init_V - the initial state covariance & f9 d4 ^* q1 z! `9 m6 w: c
% + p" P, }7 b ~2 B4 d% O+ b
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets]) . S5 H6 b0 t6 O. u& C! ^0 s
% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ]
& U$ I. `3 D# H7 e% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension,
7 r2 C/ a5 W7 Y P/ j+ p: g: Y% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
7 X7 [% l( \* X8 A* y( o% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). # B% Z& B+ U2 d5 q6 n
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ] * K; S4 @7 }7 h" C( F( ^
% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m ( J) M0 L( k4 J) O# ]# W9 W
% 3 x- U% ]5 ]. H( L5 d+ V
% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated) ; s. n8 }7 [) w- q3 d
% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] y0 ]! e; P: Z# s9 v: T2 L% b
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] 7 U. ^* A8 Y, p$ U. n: |0 {0 C+ R
% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2 * m, Q+ J l1 d0 ~) {$ E8 W
% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t)) 0 r* X3 s( r7 `/ V% N( {
% 3 D% @$ I5 ]! T( q* E
% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it:
4 A) p* P, a( d9 E9 ^, j" M# ~% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)] : A. }2 E( a. d7 V
% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: 2 l8 o& [* q3 \" A8 L# L! r' d
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)]
$ o# Y _, y1 q2 B/ l! N+ \[os T] = size(y);
9 a! o+ ]7 l3 `7 d$ d! Xss = size(A,1); % size of state space
$ j( i: e- R( D2 X4 A* P% set default params 7 p0 Y8 Q2 }' Y
model = ones(1,T);
# j/ m1 M2 K# i, N$ `u = []; + J+ C- x# P8 }4 W, m1 e9 ?
B = [];
% Y2 J' b' x: e* ^ndx = []; 7 V, I) y: Z% _- H9 t- ?) p
args = varargin;
: @ I( X4 K- ?# Xnargs = length(args);
1 q! M2 D5 [" g( ~+ v5 ?# c) hfor i=1:2:nargs 9 R, }+ R: k2 Y) d, R& O" Z0 a
switch args 4 o7 S! L) E6 E4 s3 x
case 'model', model = args{i+1};
- c& i7 Q% O$ C- i5 y! scase 'u', u = args{i+1};
/ w9 f7 A6 l8 Q4 j: M7 @case 'B', B = args{i+1};
5 d7 x/ y8 E2 j2 ~0 Ncase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1}; ( g, E( ~; s" K1 R
otherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args]) 1 _2 G w* w7 R5 t( q6 l' X
end 8 d, {5 ]; w& T( C! X4 Q3 o* D9 K
end - Q i& R# Q' ^+ I& ~* z/ ~) w
x = zeros(ss, T); * r8 d2 Q/ @# {9 G+ F# M# M
V = zeros(ss, ss, T);
' u4 \# c2 F4 k! X7 bVV = zeros(ss, ss, T); 9 F2 q! ^. T2 q% ~; g. f. O
loglik = 0; ; R, a0 ]% @- f9 G" [+ y5 ~: w
for t=1:T m = model(t);
8 ~; `: F8 M# D" K/ }! Q. L# Hif t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
( n8 \9 n0 V: N3 l%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
+ q1 ?% c5 ]$ dprevx = init_x;
& E4 S9 E/ H& u- J7 p$ `: ?- hprevV = init_V; ! g& ?0 Q. F0 u% h& H5 }$ r
initial = 1;
% {: ~! t) T5 o: p' [( O$ Welse prevx = x(:,t-1); % y# v- C6 q8 h
prevV = V(:,:,t-1); ' O; {. r/ V; K/ i
initial = 0;
0 f5 M" f, a9 N2 gend
7 A, v' K8 @# `$ qif isempty(u)
9 g* N. E% ~& Q$ v" i) c f* m8 l! Z[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ... # c! P- H; ~7 U8 ~( V v0 S6 u" \
kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else ; @6 v5 H' d, R- _+ O o
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
# K2 d- u2 u- M+ H kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m));
$ q4 W: ^' {7 e' K+ M8 Delse 9 W3 B, u: N, Q N
i = ndx; * U, z* X q1 E* z I
% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; 7 ~ o9 {4 i0 P9 H
prevP = inv(prevV);
7 R( X% d$ j6 j& G% DprevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
) g: z# k; C4 f4 v3 wprevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
( U/ T( ?$ S& y$ }[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m)); 6 i: n8 F" T5 r: X m
smallP = inv(smallV); V! C2 @4 O, ^: w8 U
prevP(i,i) = smallP;
8 r/ W( V2 u) ?6 z7 U/ \" ?2 pV(:,:,t) = inv(prevP);
# Z" P- O0 \, X5 E5 y- |# a1 `end
4 A/ \( w9 h8 `# @* A6 F( zend
+ Y, d/ O* W% Z z& s; Jloglik = loglik + LL;
9 z, c+ _! a J8 D0 T6 U/ p3 d" d# jend |
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