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数学中国总编辑
TA的每日心情 | 衰 2016-11-18 10:46 |
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签到天数: 206 天 [LV.7]常住居民III 超级版主
群组: 2011年第一期数学建模 群组: 第一期sas基础实训课堂 群组: 第二届数模基础实训 群组: 2012第二期MCM/ICM优秀 群组: MCM优秀论文解析专题 |
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发表于 2011-11-28 10:48
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matlab下面的kalman滤波程序
% `0 T: }/ n9 }& Y8 i! Mclear N=200; w(1)=0;
2 J) Z# |/ s. l* |5 s" _# D" w3 ~w=randn(1,N)
) M r1 [% Q/ A4 D3 S8 qx(1)=0;
9 V: v {% i* }/ q- Q: g# T( Aa=1;
' d2 w+ |2 d# _+ [+ m ^- i6 ]for k=2:N;
4 S& ?: {1 Z+ f7 J* @ Dx(k)=a*x(k-1)+w(k-1); . k8 J# i% |& f C
end
. m5 o( \6 Y6 G0 h' I- P# DV=randn(1,N); 4 C4 |8 N" _3 U
q1=std(V);
& q+ T6 e( C7 m3 QRvv=q1.^2; / o8 M2 J9 Y0 {$ s- j- U0 O
q2=std(x); ) |1 F. L% a8 @, M7 a% F) r V
Rxx=q2.^2; - [& D9 ^4 Q1 W/ ~* y. g- h
q3=std(w);
( ^% P. c7 ]' dRww=q3.^2;
/ B% B @2 J+ [c=0.2; $ B+ O% c) G" A% |8 V7 U
Y=c*x+V; , t1 {1 w1 U1 a! P0 Q, N6 C; Y, M
p(1)=0; 3 ]' q% S0 j! D
s(1)=0;
7 z+ T' z# S4 o4 ^for t=2:N;
A' B1 J: k1 Z' w b z& I' lp1(t)=a.^2*p(t-1)+Rww;
+ k. S5 h4 U" g7 Lb(t)=c*p1(t)/(c.^2*p1(t)+Rvv);
' d1 Y+ K' o' D5 Q0 X% g1 W; f+ As(t)=a*s(t-1)+b(t)*(Y(t)-a*c*s(t-1));
( t, \8 r$ W* e. l5 B0 e% dp(t)=p1(t)-c*b(t)*p1(t); , i* I R1 o/ H- d2 b: `" f
end
% E: H0 V$ @2 o# ~7 p8 N# Gt=1:N;
. @6 W3 S* r5 C/ n2 @; I$ y& aplot(t,s,'r',t,Y,'g',t,x,'b'); 3 Z. k' S% N0 C7 X( \
function [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, varargin)
+ P8 ` x: c0 Z: s6 r+ w% Kalman filter. 6 `% \2 @) s" a6 d3 `
% [x, V, VV, loglik] = kalman_filter(y, A, C, Q, R, init_x, init_V, ...)
# V8 x2 k/ ]: z, v* b%
; F( }" _4 u' ]' L% A0 D# i% INPUTS: 7 b2 {) r" i5 W* E
% y(:,t) - the observation at time t & J4 p: d5 U$ v% o& T0 h
% A - the system matrix " `& }& M4 K7 v. U1 [& Z
% C - the observation matrix 2 f* j p( V5 j& p' }
% Q - the system covariance . p% w, D' l! {; O; S
% R - the observation covariance
4 W9 { F2 z6 ~2 y' g% init_x - the initial state (column) vector
/ }) M7 ^( J. |( ?% init_V - the initial state covariance
" o$ V5 x+ z1 o) h% ^8 k9 f& d% - q6 {& I6 O& |( T( w
% OPTIONAL INPUTS (string/value pairs [default in brackets]) 1 |/ Y0 i0 v( z# e0 n
% 'model' - model(t)=m means use params from model m at time t [ones(1,T) ] $ A- x( w" q. r0 q5 l
% In this case, all the above matrices take an additional final dimension, . J$ z- ]: ~5 ?6 C
% i.e., A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m).
+ n+ H" G% M( x: `% However, init_x and init_V are independent of model(1). 0 A9 w( S) U# p, `9 T# H
% 'u' - u(:,t) the control signal at time t [ [] ] 6 J0 v) `6 i# }
% 'B' - B(:,:,m) the input regression matrix for model m ! w$ M3 |1 G4 c/ g; n9 }+ Y+ f
%
3 C5 q( W; _' d/ T, }3 \( B% OUTPUTS (where X is the hidden state being estimated)
0 ~" e) c4 m& M( ^% x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)] ; y2 X* Z |( h$ Z/ Z
% V(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t)]
7 z( w) I) w$ D3 T5 u% VV(:,:,t) = Cov[X(:,t), X(:,t-1) | y(:,1:t)] t >= 2
4 N- z) V& z' L$ y, p/ h% loglik = sum{t=1}^T log P(y(:,t))
1 q7 v1 N; @, _. C2 \2 E. f%
& W! a5 c# y: F% q- B8 `. | n, r" ]% If an input signal is specified, we also condition on it:
' Z5 m6 o0 v/ f) i3 ~; p! \% m% N6 U% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t)]
% F3 ]& H1 o4 p* ]' `% If a model sequence is specified, we also condition on it: , Q5 M( g6 F" j* M4 o
% e.g., x(:,t) = E[X(:,t) | y(:,1:t), u(:, 1:t), m(1:t)]
) h) j# M% h' J* B1 J[os T] = size(y); 7 h0 P$ b9 U0 Q7 j; }! }+ F
ss = size(A,1); % size of state space / ?: A% H3 l1 d
% set default params
7 v+ c% Y- C9 T; K' D+ gmodel = ones(1,T); 6 d C( k: o$ C( ~2 g' ? p
u = []; ; ~0 h. M5 T0 l7 X5 W
B = []; 1 D9 n m' n7 I3 G. M6 L, d O
ndx = [];
# {% p2 u" [, S; J" B( cargs = varargin;
3 |+ l" F' _, @* ]& {6 I& Wnargs = length(args); ' c7 _- V1 c" ^4 r( ?
for i=1:2:nargs " u( m5 ~5 C6 j3 k, a$ R5 U
switch args
$ X# j% T ^8 M0 Pcase 'model', model = args{i+1};
7 l3 [, `3 g) ?! ^case 'u', u = args{i+1};
; G/ W Q7 p% A; F; Zcase 'B', B = args{i+1};
, c+ x$ F9 x7 r$ G6 a' fcase 'ndx', ndx = args{i+1};
7 Q- N5 V8 \! x6 `/ h, }2 Kotherwise, error(['unrecognized argument ' args]) 1 s; R/ T% G; j* \
end
) X: z2 u' Y+ P0 \ _- K4 zend
) }# [* n/ d" r; sx = zeros(ss, T);
3 k4 Z C& b3 y" g& \9 Q/ sV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
N3 n: N+ T4 T3 v/ K$ k- HVV = zeros(ss, ss, T);
3 G6 u3 C j4 D8 m5 Z# |: T! Q* `- aloglik = 0;
% v6 l# G$ A$ I5 _# zfor t=1:T m = model(t); , p) N7 W& Q+ C( v8 [. ^4 m
if t==1 %prevx = init_x(:,m);
2 D' |6 M ^1 S+ Z' P1 E. ~%prevV = init_V(:,:,m);
* T+ A9 w8 }5 }# A( W6 dprevx = init_x;
& t1 q5 q" Y- a3 @prevV = init_V;
* F6 p/ }/ g' @9 h5 P3 einitial = 1;
1 ~' z8 R) b3 ^" Y+ O$ ^2 selse prevx = x(:,t-1); ) j( `/ t4 ]- ~+ ?
prevV = V(:,:,t-1); Z. n# Y3 o: x
initial = 0; ; l8 n2 z, K5 l0 L# b
end
& f2 W: b& x+ J) c/ ~if isempty(u) 0 `; z. K2 I! E c1 m m' E& Y
[x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
* l' u+ Z1 X, |4 s, c4 M5 \kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, 'initial', initial); else 8 {. C7 Y& L3 B1 p9 v
if isempty(ndx) [x(:,t), V(:,:,t), LL, VV(:,:,t)] = ...
9 c' g% o F- {( } c+ c1 t kalman_update(A(:,:,m), C(:,:,m), Q(:,:,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx, prevV, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(:,:,m)); ( Q: a5 J* @+ M! ^0 p/ G) x' Q
else
8 M3 e, G; g0 ^7 h3 ~' A% s8 `& mi = ndx;
- u% h2 ^. T$ ~- l% copy over all elements; only some will get updated x(:,t) = prevx; . K: _8 A/ U9 \2 _+ e
prevP = inv(prevV); 2 T. [2 F" t: e' ]
prevPsmall = prevP(i,i);
" f& C! E K/ j* _/ ?5 FprevVsmall = inv(prevPsmall);
6 O! K- r9 O6 v# K) x) T[x(i,t), smallV, LL, VV(i,i,t)] = ... kalman_update(A(i,i,m), C(:,i,m), Q(i,i,m), R(:,:,m), y(:,t), prevx(i), prevVsmall, ... 'initial', initial, 'u', u(:,t), 'B', B(i,:,m));
/ z9 t3 U/ Q1 `$ ~# ?, MsmallP = inv(smallV); 6 D* U$ Y8 z4 T
prevP(i,i) = smallP; : k1 d8 `; ~& p
V(:,:,t) = inv(prevP); : _4 b: {9 f5 h" B6 Y* \
end 0 a& u- C- |5 T# S- N8 [+ W) r
end
7 z' j! Q7 o1 E2 P dloglik = loglik + LL;
7 F2 X( G; N: o% jend |
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