" }/ m) C& j8 P$ C: W) T# g# v: B%by allen @ 红嘴海鸥 & N7 b2 M) J- L' i& Q' e
%灰色模型预测是在数据不呈现一定规律下可以采取的一种建模和预测方法,其预测数据与原始数据存在一定的规律相似性 + K' B8 V$ I: |2 r4 \! s6 z3 V9 f2 C$ H, }3 r6 s1 H
%下面程序是灰色模型GM(1,1)程序二次拟合和等维新陈代谢改进预测程序,matlab6.5 ,使用本程序请注明,程序存储为gm1.m 8 e; O: Z, n- B% [; n $ @1 u4 x& w! F. m! g%x = [5999,5903,5848,5700,7884];gm1(x); 测试数据 4 I! X2 B& ]' Q) d' t+ r
- o: W! J" L5 ?; Q%二次拟合预测GM(1,1)模型 ' s" X$ O. M& ~: Z$ sfunction gmcal=gm1(x)( W, ^4 }2 m! K
sizexd2 = size(x,2);# J% ^) T3 x$ s& H' ^
%求数组长度- D% k& w0 [9 u7 t( m) E5 M0 X
* y4 {; h- d& v9 Bk=0;6 m* o3 b" G: c8 S& q1 {* _
for y1=x: T' W, |* r0 q: r9 I" j* ]
k=k+1; 3 \0 F7 L. \9 y; g if k>1 8 ^9 S6 z% C+ W/ _; d x1(k)=x1(k-1)+x(k); + p: D0 t& a( b( ]' {" P9 u %累加生成/ _9 }9 H8 j/ J. g& _$ J
z1(k-1)=-0.5*(x1(k)+x1(k-1)); h7 W- ` K0 q8 Y3 F9 N* t, ` %z1维数减1,用于计算B# d# `1 e: p+ C) B% x/ `! W9 p
yn1(k-1)=x(k); m( l9 I! Q, c; ]0 ^. ` else T0 T, m1 f6 M x1(k)=x(k);+ y7 N3 r6 F5 `9 w
end ) @* s, a9 n6 U" }end ( ^& {) g# s5 C3 A%x1,z1,k,yn1 I" N# [& ], O9 t/ j; B6 J6 C
, ?& |# I4 ]" J6 g3 Y. _sizez1=size(z1,2); - P: F. |' h" \%size(yn1); 8 e9 j5 H+ p8 C; ]; hz2 = z1';) e) S4 M9 X+ A6 H; m6 E
z3 = ones(1,sizez1)'; , a) n9 I+ p) e* t6 R 3 M; u0 B$ A( I3 G& S5 DYN = yn1'; %转置6 h* g9 J5 g# G% N7 W h3 L
%YN 3 M. c# j% q4 ^8 S# J$ h1 V& t2 p, U. G6 D3 P
B=[z2 z3];# u: D' b, Q2 g; d/ K, u
au0=inv(B'*B)*B'*YN; 2 ?' Q, i3 b0 H2 J8 L8 gau = au0'; - Z' y, [- L' f! S# @; B0 F%B,au0,au* M! X9 f1 T4 ]
+ Z% c" l5 r0 Z: N
afor = au(1); : }3 f" X0 j7 O$ w, X: _ufor = au(2);; `, X! [ V7 ^6 p _
ua = au(2)./au(1); 3 i4 F: \6 W2 u. e/ M: K+ v%afor,ufor,ua & d0 v4 k$ w, w, P% X2 [%输出预测的 a u 和 u/a的值 8 M) e. R/ X- c1 L% m8 q% X 5 F# |' C0 n' n& C! Qconstant1 = x(1)-ua; & R# H# d2 ^8 _afor1 = -afor;) s/ ?$ q3 B) D) l; h# u3 j3 a
x1t1 = 'x1(t+1)'; 1 m$ M, `+ E! d0 |estr = 'exp';- @( P- [. T7 u8 S# l, [
tstr = 't';+ f. H) e9 x! T9 m* B$ v1 P3 A$ V+ ]9 k
leftbra = '(';& {+ H; l! L7 w2 d) }. n' ]( p
rightbra = ')';% `7 H% I0 E! F1 F/ r
%constant1,afor1,x1t1,estr,tstr,leftbra,rightbra * e3 [/ r- [% j7 }) G( f% ^1 l% ~5 X: M+ M! I* p
strcat(x1t1,'=',num2str(constant1),estr,leftbra,num2str(afor1),tstr,rightbra,'+',leftbra,num2str(ua),rightbra) ! y5 e: k' Z1 S# f+ k o7 `%输出时间响应方程# v4 @5 L. } y( u @' W
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%****************************************************** 7 F; @9 B, w1 `( ?2 P%二次拟合7 r# `- K; D; `7 ~6 }' q& ^4 T& L
0 B% B$ }& p* Zk2 = 0; . h$ P$ U+ ?) Rfor y2 = x1. V# U# T. c. @' W- Z( Z) ?
k2 = k2 + 1;( ^3 J7 V1 O: S
if k2 > k - _- T8 n- }, Z; H& h0 z" _$ P, m else / V2 B1 O' R$ I% E ze1(k2) = exp(-(k2-1)*afor); , S. [/ N/ T/ l9 y2 g9 q6 k1 E7 c
end# a O0 F5 F. D! F( F, X# a
end + C0 T& S$ ?( S& G, Y%ze1, r( j$ N# o, t: x# s7 }) O
% Z- V- Z6 v% S% P
sizeze1 = size(ze1,2); 6 K. n) q# x" K4 p* |& Xz4 = ones(1,sizeze1)'; * D& v: V4 v6 X& p3 QG=[ze1' z4];4 [1 c8 `' `9 D& m* z& J
X1 = x1';: p" u. m& j- o( T! G" y
au20=inv(G'*G)*G'*X1; $ R. O+ l* c" d3 ]3 f) _au2 = au20';! X/ l' J; A% Z5 {6 o
%z4,X1,G,au20' [, G8 _0 ^* K( `
4 D: \4 y) C. T- wAval = au2(1); : D' p" D' `* l8 z' a5 J& mBval = au2(2); * W: u# K+ Z* L, G1 E/ @%Aval,Bval- } R& O3 Q" w
%输出预测的 A,B的值 . P* s$ L$ E' l }$ X: \3 S" s# f0 D, P$ w( Q" T
strcat(x1t1,'=',num2str(Aval),estr,leftbra,num2str(afor1),tstr,rightbra,'+',leftbra,num2str(Bval),rightbra): H4 o1 j2 E9 a7 u i
%输出时间响应方程5 @7 S: E2 g" Z- Y7 _0 l
+ V3 E) m- H& Dnfinal = sizexd2-1 + 1; g ^7 @1 c/ r- E. b%决定预测的步骤数5 这个步骤可以通过函数传入 % A7 Q6 x s( g' A0 `7 }+ w# W% @( O. }: Y. ]+ F. W2 a C
%nfinal = sizexd2 - 1 + 1; + ~0 A" B' q8 A0 _- q8 A%预测的步骤数 16 K' |0 o' l0 k& j
- c/ o& K- N* {for k3=1:nfinal ' b7 Q# q0 S, @ x3fcast(k3) = constant1*exp(afor1*k3)+ua;8 f1 c t! l- P3 g
end, k& P/ M) l% S3 X9 b
%x3fcast+ [) C+ f A7 t
%一次拟合累加值: b0 j1 R& `8 `/ w. V
* ^! y- P8 D7 _7 F6 Zfor k31=nfinal:-1:02 z L" G' F& O! ~8 j5 B! Z9 G' O
if k31>1 3 X8 ~% V, X8 U& H, H x31fcast(k31+1) = x3fcast(k31)-x3fcast(k31-1);& A6 n5 W; D, V& c h9 y3 M% D
else " X% l5 \2 k" a1 a/ a, Q if k31>0 ( l& o G- y7 ], a x31fcast(k31+1) = x3fcast(k31)-x(1);$ [4 ?& X) w% M" D4 [+ j6 E
else , C8 P ~) f5 ]. m6 _ x31fcast(k31+1) = x(1);, _4 S. m6 z+ D3 ^% N5 F+ i2 L. K. f
end( Z+ U5 Q* r: t1 W) n- D
end : u$ t2 W( K0 Z/ [- D 2 W& D) e1 \1 R4 T% }! R: j) U
end l6 ?9 I3 C5 c- k! Vx31fcast / E, B" F2 A7 |4 i# z7 Y4 P/ @%一次拟合预测值2 f8 z1 z6 K& E5 S5 U( n+ ^8 ]
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for k4=1:nfinal 8 L/ O C9 \/ _) M! p5 D8 O x4fcast(k4) = Aval*exp(afor1*k4)+Bval; 0 o( H1 w' R, ?: a7 G v5 }end6 X7 h: V9 s' v' a
%x4fcast/ K& A" u2 c$ a$ d. J
, d% l( G# b0 U9 _
for k41=nfinal:-1:0' h* w; R5 h" {
if k41>1 ; `8 Q1 c$ u8 ^: S+ j8 [7 y5 ^2 ^. A x41fcast(k41+1) = x4fcast(k41)-x4fcast(k41-1);5 ?7 X3 ~$ F. e6 |: B$ r
else 0 {+ S+ W: P* a( z a if k41>0; l- b- v" @' m) z9 B1 X
x41fcast(k41+1) = x4fcast(k41)-x(1); & D) T; B& Q+ F# W2 t else 3 i4 p; O' ~0 W# D& z4 m x41fcast(k41+1) = x(1); - c0 d% {2 ` r6 F( W end 6 J) s9 y6 \ V2 q. | end9 e# m) r$ ~9 s# ~
1 o& j/ y% h! ^4 { ^4 x% ~
end 9 c9 {( u4 M H$ k# Ux41fcast,x # S8 y& t1 F0 v6 R1 F, |$ E%二次拟合预测值$ ^3 Y9 T' j7 y( j
. [$ ~& ^; R- c# a
%***精度检验p C************//////////////////////////////////9 h: z6 G& {- f+ e" K4 I" u3 W0 B
k5 = 0;$ i0 z; z. r- a" F- D# P/ N7 I
for y5 = x y) W" ?$ Y+ S8 x E' O+ b8 ] k5 = k5 + 1;/ J1 Z# w8 T4 X. S
if k5 > sizexd2 / b/ E/ \. {* k& q
else: A8 L9 H# e. C# U1 W& N
err1(k5) = x(k5) - x41fcast(k5); * x! x" |2 L5 M' ^: U6 { end - L9 v& Q. F: P- t2 C9 zend ; q) v! P8 w2 j3 V%err1 * H" S* B3 ? o- A, b, t3 Y2 u%绝对误差: L+ w, C2 x" I& r+ j! o2 J# l
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xavg = mean(x); , N8 f( B/ \5 E7 G% D) ?%xavg . [+ x0 x! D. |4 w. I. I- m6 ^%x平均值 ( ^! G+ [* ]/ Q% A, G9 I+ |, M8 }# y. i, U( D t- i) F
err1avg = mean(err1); ' P8 e2 E) u1 o8 F& y! M& M%err1avg) r0 ~* R6 M# I
%err1平均值 . z4 G W) s2 v/ [ A0 N4 r: i/ [2 U7 g/ Pk5 = 0; 5 T! ^9 [/ O' Y. h* ps1total = 0 ; & T2 i1 ~4 X) E: U. ^/ f& U+ c" Q8 nfor y5 = x 2 ?3 z. r) S2 Z- Z6 P9 G k5 = k5 + 1;$ P. R. U% [: f7 M$ g$ U
if k5 > sizexd2 0 i. [! `0 Y$ w2 ?! O9 v: B
else! V: u" I4 P8 O+ [0 v& q3 }; p
s1total = s1total + (x(k5) - xavg)^2; 0 F2 T7 Y: A9 E; q: s( i+ B
end+ L3 |3 Y1 N* p3 ?6 x* U# B
end1 f, }8 u; Z1 m) O. a! k5 e
s1suqare = s1total ./ sizexd2; 8 [. @) W8 D7 _5 C/ Zs1sqrt = sqrt(s1suqare); / x8 ]# d. y0 p3 y) [+ `%s1suqare,s1sqrt 0 b: `/ e6 d& |7 u8 g: n%s1suqare 残差数列x的方差 s1sqrt 为x方差的平方根S17 P& a* X) m5 m! t
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k5 = 0; 2 K5 b3 O; E2 i% N* b# us2total = 0 ; + ?8 v+ z- W) @4 W# @/ E6 N( xfor y5 = x( X# \1 a5 o6 R: Z Q2 w7 b
k5 = k5 + 1; A- j: U: {) Z if k5 > sizexd2 * i, s6 N9 T$ K1 q7 a, M$ F: p
else7 X* ~1 h% m4 }8 a) c
s2total = s2total + (err1(k5) - err1avg)^2; " }- H/ }5 b- z- y5 w. v# b end # t; X$ ~, \% k+ `# \: b0 Y( F$ _end ' V n4 b) c! ]$ C# p6 Vs2suqare = s2total ./ sizexd2; % d ? w6 b4 V%s2suqare 残差数列err1的方差S2 7 v0 R) [, b& u : d" C3 n# H! B5 g( H% M" OCval = sqrt(s2suqare ./ s1suqare); - e& H/ _- F8 b8 h' nCval + g' X4 O3 e4 A4 g( S+ M$ G8 e& X%nnn = 0.6745 * s1sqrt2 O( F( S1 j; |
%Cval C检验值9 c u* f, d$ _
" n- j) ^% s% }: G- G" n
k5 = 0;0 H4 q" p: Z; V1 @5 `/ Q" x1 C5 Y$ ]$ R
pnum = 0 ; 5 U: I1 L& r( V# mfor y5 = x . V4 U8 G! K: w |" T k5 = k5 + 1;3 O8 Q7 a3 i! [) m, |* S
if abs( err1(k5) - err1avg ) < 0.6745 * s1sqrt 1 U% ^, ?) ?5 J4 i/ A; M; [' | pnum = pnum + 1;" m9 m& z0 [0 `. I' |9 L
%ppp = abs( err1(k5) - err1avg ) ! t9 ~/ t2 K# f7 \% `
else 2 _, v8 e3 Y* ^* C8 o end3 Y. d2 {( t F0 o) B
end' `+ u- n! N' C) ~$ C
pval = pnum ./ sizexd2; : K' k$ Q' Y2 M3 X4 s( k ipval H) ?/ V& B/ j3 f$ K%p检验值 8 F3 C4 O2 ~. h" a' ? 0 P; L* @" x& r2 g3 [0 b& z/ |1 G%arr1 = x41fcast(1:6)
灰色预测MATLAB程序.txt(3.86 KB, 下载次数: 170)